新教材高考英語(yǔ)微專題練習(xí)1單句語(yǔ)法填空（含解析）

練習(xí)1單句語(yǔ)法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(冠詞)1．[2022·江蘇連云港聯(lián)考]Itissaidthatfirewallsplay________criticalroleinkeepingcompaniesandpeoplesafe.2．[2022·云南昆明統(tǒng)測(cè)]Aminiatureblackhorsewith________whitenoseranintoaroominNashville'sMonroeCarell,Jr.Children'sHospital.3．[2022·福建泉州質(zhì)檢]Thatway,childrencangain________betterunderstandingoftheirlocalfeaturesandcustomsduringtheprocessofacceleratedurbanizationthatisreshapingthecity'slandscape.4．Montreal,________portcityintheprovinceofQuebec,isthesecondlargestcityinCanada.5．Itmeanswemakesacrificesnow,butin________longrunit'llsaveusalotofmoney.6．Hereis________verypersonwearelookingfor,onewith________goodknowledgeofGerman.7．Itissuch________greatpleasureformetogiveaspeechonthenatureofhumanbeingsbefore________wholeclass.8．WiththepopularityoftheInternet,thepowerofnewspapersseemstobeon________decrease.9．Ifyouwanttoimproveyourworkingefficiency,itwillbe________necessityforyoutomake________mostofyourtime.10．________cakeyouboughtsmellssweet,butIdon'twanttohaveabiteofitfor________timebeing.Ⅱ.閱讀理解A2022·新高考Ⅰ卷說(shuō)明文270詞★★☆☆☆GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90－100，A；80－89，B；70－79，C；60－69，D；Below60，E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1＝10%；Essay2＝15%；Essay3＝15%；Essay4＝20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atextbook.B．Anexampaper.C．Acourseplan.D．Anacademicarticle.2．Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.3．Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A．Youwillreceiveazero.B．Youwilllosealettergrade.C．Youwillbegivenatest.D．Youwillhavetorewriteit.B2022·廣東湛江調(diào)研記敘文280詞★★☆☆☆VacationintheU．S.usuallymeansslowerdays,andnoschool.Teachersknow,however,thatvacationmeansstudentswilllikelyfallbehind,andforgetthingstheylearnedduringtheyear.SimonVanderpool,aspecialeducationteacherinLexington,Kentucky,decidedtodosomethingaboutit.HestartedaprogramcalledBooksandBarbers.Childrengotothebarber,chooseabookandreadoutloudwhilethebarbercutstheirhair.Thechildgetsastickerandcantakethebookhome.Andthereisanaddedbonus:money.Thekidsgetpaidtoread.Vanderpoolsaysbarbershopsareplaceswherekidscanfeelcomfortable.“Onceastudentfeelscomfortable,that'swheneverthebrainopensup,andthattheyareabletostartfocusingonnothingbutlearning.”AmirShalashownsabarbershop.Butheisdoingmorethancuttingchildren'shair.Heislisteningtothem,andhelpingthemwiththeirreading.Mostofthechildrengettinghaircutsatbarbershopsareboys.Vanderpool'sideawastodomorethanjusthelpthemwithreadingandmoney.Theteacherwantstohelpkidswhoaregrowingupinahomewithoutafatherlikehedid.“Also,Icreatedtheprograminordertoprovideapositivementor(指導(dǎo)者)forthekidsthatgointothebarbershop,andareabletohavesomeonethattheycanrelyonandtheycantrustin,andjustbuildabondbetweenthetwoofthem.”Shalashsaysheandhisfellowbarberslikebeingmentors.“Thebiggestthingisthatwetrytoinfluenceasmanykidsaswecan,andthatwasmywholeintentionofit.”4．WhydidSimonVanderpoolstartBooksandBarbers?A．Tohelpchildrenkilltime.B．Tobringchildrenafruitfulvacation.C．Toreduceteachers'pressurefromwork.D．Toimprovechildren'scommunicationskills.5．WhatmakesabarbershopsuitableforBooksandBarbersprogram?A．Itscollectionofbooks.B．Itsquietatmosphere.C．Itsrelaxingenvironment.D．Itsfriendlybarbers.6．WhatisAmirShalash'spurposeoftakingpartintheprogram?A．Tooffervaluableguidancetochildren.B．Toshowtheimportanceofbonding.C．Totellthenecessityoftrustingpeople.D．Toinfluencehisfellowbarberspositively.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatItTakestoBeaGoodBarberB．WhattoExpectDuringtheVacationC．HowImportantReadingIstoChildrenD．HowaHaircutIsHelpingStudentsRead黃金考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法填空——冠詞考點(diǎn)1冠詞表示特指考例Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.點(diǎn)撥overthepast25years在此處表示特指“在過(guò)去的25年里”，表示特指用定冠詞the?？键c(diǎn)2冠詞表示泛指考例Instead,sheisearning￡6，500adayas________modelinNewYork.點(diǎn)撥表示職業(yè)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前通常加不定冠詞。此處表示一個(gè)泛指的“模特”，故用不定冠詞a。練習(xí)1單句語(yǔ)法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(冠詞)1．答案與解析：a句意為：據(jù)說(shuō)防火墻在保護(hù)公司和人們的安全方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。playa(n)．..role為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“起……的作用”，且critical的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故填不定冠詞a。2．答案與解析：a句意為：在納什維爾的小門羅·卡雷爾兒童醫(yī)院里，一匹長(zhǎng)著白鼻子的小黑馬跑進(jìn)了病房。根據(jù)常識(shí)和設(shè)空后的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞nose可知，此處指一個(gè)鼻子，應(yīng)用不定冠詞；且white的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭。故填a。3．答案與解析：a句意為：這樣，孩子們就可以在重塑城市景觀的加速的城市化進(jìn)程中更好地了解他們當(dāng)?shù)氐奶厣土?xí)俗。固定短語(yǔ)haveabetterunderstandingofsth.意為“對(duì)某物有一個(gè)更好的了解”，故填a。4．答案與解析：a蒙特利爾是魁北克省的一個(gè)港口城市，是加拿大第二大城市。此處aportcity是Montreal的同位語(yǔ)，表泛指，故填a。5．答案與解析：helongrun“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看”，是固定搭配，故填the。6．答案與解析：the;a這正是我們要找的那個(gè)人，一個(gè)對(duì)德語(yǔ)知識(shí)掌握得很好的人。person被very和定語(yǔ)從句修飾，故第一空應(yīng)用定冠詞the，表特指；knowledge意為“知識(shí)”，一般用作不可數(shù)名詞，但當(dāng)指“某一門知識(shí)，某一門學(xué)問(wèn)”時(shí)，抽象名詞具體化，用作可數(shù)名詞，故第二空用不定冠詞a。7．答案與解析：a;the第一空，pleasure本為不可數(shù)名詞，此處是抽象名詞具體化，表示“令人高興的一件事”，故用不定冠詞表泛指；第二空，whole常與the搭配，故用定冠詞。8．答案與解析：theontheincrease/decrease是固定搭配，表示“增長(zhǎng)/減少”，故用定冠詞the。9．答案與解析：a;the第一空，此處表示“一種必需品”，因此necessity前加a；第二空，makethemostof表示“充分利用”，為固定搭配。10．答案與解析：The;the你買的蛋糕聞起來(lái)很香，但我暫時(shí)不想吃。第一空，cake被定語(yǔ)從句youbought所修飾，因此其前加定冠詞the表特指。第二空，forthetimebeing“暫時(shí)”，為固定用法。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。1．答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章將構(gòu)成本課程評(píng)分的主要部分)”可知，文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法，可得出本文是出自一個(gè)課程計(jì)劃。故選C項(xiàng)。2．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標(biāo)題“Essays(60%)”、“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In—ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)”可知，學(xué)生的最終成績(jī)由3部分組成。故選B項(xiàng)。3．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.(如果沒(méi)有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會(huì)得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你將會(huì)得零分。故選A項(xiàng)。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了西蒙·范德普爾把理發(fā)和閱讀結(jié)合起來(lái)，創(chuàng)辦“圖書和理發(fā)店”項(xiàng)目，從而給孩子們帶來(lái)一個(gè)富有成效的假期。4．答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的however,thatvacationmeansstudentswilllikelyfallbehind,andforgetthings