構(gòu)詞法及猜詞課件

welcometoourclasswelcometoourclass1囧囧2如果這只毛茸茸的狗被大雨淋了，會(huì)是什么模樣呢

？如果這只毛茸茸的狗被大雨淋了，3囧?嗚……好囧??！囧?嗚……好囧??！4Ifyoucomeacrosssomewordsyoudon’tknowwhilereading,Whatwillyoudo?Ifyoucomeacrosssomewords5GuessthemeaningGuessthemeaning62010年高考大綱中關(guān)于閱讀理解的要求要求考生讀懂熟悉的有關(guān)日常生活話(huà)題的簡(jiǎn)短文字材料，例如公告、說(shuō)明、廣告以及書(shū)、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話(huà)題的簡(jiǎn)短文章?？忌鷳?yīng)能：１、理解主旨要義；２、理解文中具體信息；３、根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；４、作出簡(jiǎn)單判斷和理解；５、理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；６、理解作者的意圖和態(tài)度。2010年高考大綱中關(guān)于閱讀理解的要求要求考生7猜測(cè)詞義讀懂文章---------高三英語(yǔ)閱讀指導(dǎo)（閱讀篇）猜測(cè)詞義讀懂文章---------高三英語(yǔ)閱讀指導(dǎo)（閱讀篇8猜測(cè)詞義題目類(lèi)型對(duì)考綱外生詞的猜測(cè)ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots:Mr.Jim,forexample,speaksfivelanguagesfluently.“polyglot”mostprobablymeans“_______________.”對(duì)考綱內(nèi)熟詞新義的猜測(cè)Ihadfirstknownshewaswrongthatheranxietyhadcloudedherjudgment.(04全國(guó)卷)“cloud”means“_____________________.”猜測(cè)詞義題目類(lèi)型對(duì)考綱外生詞的猜測(cè)ManyUnitedN9Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic.Ifyouaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearn.(07四川卷)Bysaying“thebrainatanyageishighlyplastic”,thewritermeansthebraincanbe_____.A.usedB.masteredC.developedD.researched對(duì)句義的猜測(cè)Thebiggestfindinginbrainr10

詞義猜測(cè)題常用的提問(wèn)方式有：1.Theword“…”refersto_______.2.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standsfor?3.Theunderlinedword“…”means______.......

4.Theword“…”couldbestbereplacedby_______.詞義猜測(cè)題常用的提問(wèn)方式有：11語(yǔ)境法Contextclues猜測(cè)詞意怎么猜？構(gòu)詞法Wordformation

語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞意怎么猜？構(gòu)詞法12WordFormation(構(gòu)詞法)：派生法:supermarket合成

法:salesgirl轉(zhuǎn)化法:“walk”thedog有什么啟發(fā)？WordFormation(構(gòu)詞法)：有什么啟發(fā)？13中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的前綴和后綴有：super-(超)mini-(極小的,微小的)micro-（極微小的）re-（再，反復(fù)）mis-（誤，惡）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能…的）-less（不，無(wú)）-wards(向)派生法中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的前綴和后綴有：派生法14supermanmicrowave(超人)nonnaturalmispronounce(非自然的)

homelessnonsmoker(無(wú)家可歸的)rebuildeastwards(重建)

Canyouguesstherightmeanings?(微波)(非煙民)(發(fā)錯(cuò)音)(向東)supermanmicrowa15

(05重慶卷)Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.

impassable:不能通行的(0516It’struethatlighthouse（燈塔）werebuiltinout-of-the-wayplace.out-of-the-way：

偏僻的

合成法偏僻的合成法17

Whenmenandwomenlivedbyhunting50,000yearsago,howcouldtheypicturemodernlife?

picture：

想象，描繪轉(zhuǎn)化

法想象，描繪轉(zhuǎn)化法18猜測(cè)詞義：語(yǔ)境法?Logicalrelations

（邏輯關(guān)系）猜測(cè)詞義：?Logicalrelations19No.1

◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjects（物體、物件）

iscalledacarpenter.◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.

木匠

動(dòng)物學(xué)家No.1木匠動(dòng)物學(xué)家20語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義1.定義描述1.定義描述21

定義或釋義關(guān)系通常表現(xiàn)為定語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)，由becalled，beknownas,bedefinedas，thatis(tosay),inotherwords，toputitanotherway等詞匯或破折號(hào)引出的具體解釋性的話(huà)。小結(jié)小結(jié)22試試看：◎Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.◎Lastweek,Iworkontheday.ButthisweekIamonthenightshift

---frommidnightto8a.m.

牧人夜班試試看：牧人夜班23No.2

Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostas

plump

asmother,andmuchshorter.肥胖的，豐滿(mǎn)的Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.節(jié)約的No.224語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義2.同義反義

2.同義反義25

表同義關(guān)系的詞：and，or，like,as…as,thesameas表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞：but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though，onthecontrary。小結(jié)表同義關(guān)系的詞：小結(jié)26試試看(05廣東卷)“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscan’tbeeasilyswalloweddown（吞）Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans____.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed試試看27No.3◎He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.精明的

修剪No.3精明的修剪28語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義3.因果關(guān)系3.因果關(guān)系29

常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，so,so…that,such…thattherefore等)表示前因后果。小結(jié)常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，30(06陜西卷)Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsotheywillnolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.Inparagraph2,“aroofovertheirheads”mostprobablymeans______.A.acapB.acarC.ahomeD.acovering試試看(06陜西卷)Thehomelesspeoplem31No.4

Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.家禽No.4家禽32語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義4.舉例歸納語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義4.舉例歸納33

常用suchas,like，forexample,forinstance等引出例子，可根據(jù)例子隸屬的類(lèi)別歸納出總稱(chēng)詞即詞義。小結(jié)常用suchas,like，forexam34Thenewcoupleboughtalotofhouseholdappliances,suchaswashingmachine,fridgeandmicrowaveoven(微波爐)etc.家電試試看ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots:Mr.Jim,forexample,speaksfivelanguagesfluently.通曉多種語(yǔ)言的Thenewcoupleboughtalotof35No.5

Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetic

tomakehimunconscious(失去知覺(jué)）,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.

麻藥No.5麻藥36語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義5.生活常識(shí)語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義5.生活常識(shí)37

小結(jié)根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，或運(yùn)用自己已有的常識(shí)將生詞推測(cè)出來(lái)。因此平時(shí)多了解英美國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，宗教信仰，社會(huì)生活等，可以幫助加深對(duì)文章的理解，遇到生詞，猜測(cè)詞義的能力自然就提高了。小結(jié)根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，38試試看Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.

波紋波紋39（05福建卷）RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.Thephrase“moppingup”intheparagraphmeans______.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout（05福建卷）Rainforestslikethe40

TheashesoftheGreatWallarefallingdown.

IthinktheGreatwallisnowlikean80yearsoldman.Insomeplacesitisstillstanding,butreallynotfirmenough.Unlessthereissomegoodmedicine,mostofitwon’tbestandinginthenextfiftyoronehundredyears.Ifpeopledon’ttakemedicine,theGreatWallwillfalldown.B.TheGreatWallislikean80year-oldman,whoneedsmedicalcare.C.WemusttakesomemeasurestoprotecttheGreatWall,ormostoftheGreatWallwillbreakdownin50or100yearsD.TheGreatWallisfallingdown,anditwilldisappearinthefuture.No.6TheashesoftheGreatWa41語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義6.上下推斷語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義6.上下推斷42

小結(jié)所謂“詞不離句，句不離章“講的就是對(duì)于詞語(yǔ)或句子的正確理解依賴(lài)于一定的情景。猜測(cè)生詞義或句意時(shí)，一定要認(rèn)真讀懂與生詞密切相關(guān)的前后句子，進(jìn)行合情合理的推測(cè)，排除膚淺的表義，選擇蘊(yùn)含在其中的深意。小結(jié)所謂“詞不離句，句不離章“講的就43Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic.Ifyouaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearn.(07四川卷)Bysaying“thebrainatanyageishighlyplastic”,thewritermeansthebraincanbe_____.A.usedB.masteredC.developedD.researchedThebiggestfindinginbrainr44語(yǔ)境法Contextclues怎么猜?summary構(gòu)詞法Wordformation

語(yǔ)境法怎么猜?summary構(gòu)詞法45WordFormation(構(gòu)詞法)派生法合成

法轉(zhuǎn)化法WordFormation(構(gòu)詞法)派生法合成法46舉例歸納生活常識(shí)上下推斷因果關(guān)系同義反義定義解釋猜語(yǔ)境法猜舉例生活上下因果同義定義猜語(yǔ)境法猜47Homework1.Gooverwhatwelearnedinthisperiod.2.FinishadditionalexercisesHomework1.Gooverwhatwelea48

Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Enjoyreading!Readingmakesafullman;Enjo49Bye-bye!構(gòu)詞法及猜詞ppt課件50Inquiry-basedActivities(I)

探究活動(dòng)(1)Inquiry-basedActivities(I)511.Therearesomeglaciersmovingdownthemountainvalleys.Aglacierisariverofice.A.雪山B.樹(shù)枝C.冰河D.冰

2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.clever

小試身手小試身手523.Mr.BrownisnowworkingatPrincetonUniversityfarawayfromhome.Forthisreasonhehastorentaroomneartheofficewhereheworks.A.租用B.借出C.購(gòu)買(mǎi)D.參觀(guān)

4.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest3.Mr.Brownisnowworkingat535.Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborallcallheraneccentriclady.A.愛(ài)貓的B.古怪的C.閑不住D.動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者

6.Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenury

togreatwealth.A.便士B.溫飽C.非常貧困D.虛弱5.Theoldwomanhasastrange547.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活潑的B.好動(dòng)的C.多嘴多舌的D.可愛(ài)的

8.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countrysideD.house9.Thisboyisnotstupid,onthecontrary,noonecouldbemoreintelligent.A.勤奮的B.愚蠢的C.聰明的D.情報(bào)7.Mrs.Smithisloquacious5510.Childrenarealwaysboasting.Theysaythingslike“MyDad’scarisbiggerthanyourDad’s,”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”Theword“boasting”means_____.A.驕傲B.吹牛C.頑皮D.幼稚10.Childrenarealwaysboasti56Inquiry-basedActivities(II)

探究活動(dòng)(2)Inquiry-basedActivities(II)57Passage1Tensofthousandsofbabypenguins(企鵝)facestarvation（饑餓）

aftertwogianticebergs（冰山）

brokeofftheAntarcticicesheet（南極冰川）

andblocked（阻塞）

theirparents’roadtothefeedingareas.Adelineandemperorpenguinsnesting（筑巢）

ontheRossislandrookeriesarenowforcedtowalklongdistancesovertheicebergstoobtainfoodfortheirchicks,bornduringtheNovember-Decemberbreeding（繁殖）

season.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obtain”probablymean?A.eatB.getC.sellD.buyBPassage1B58Passage2

Aman’spositionamongtheblack-tentpeopledependsonhisancestors,relatives,andfellowtribesmen（部落成員）.Iftheyarehonored,heisalsohonored.Iftheyaredisgraced,hetooisdisgraced.Thereforeonecarefullyguardsthehonorofhisfamily,hislineage(宗系),andhistribe.Theword“disgrace”means_________inthistext.A.honorB.endangerC.proudD.shameDPassage2D59Passage3

Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolution（革命）hewasbanished.AfewmembersoftheSenate(參議院)opposed（反對(duì)）

thisdecision,butthemajorityvotedthattheruler

shouldleavethecountryforever.

Theunderlinedword“banished”mean_______.A.killedbystoningB.sentawayC.imprisonedD.punishedbywhipping

BPassage3B60Passage4

Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughed（犁）thecanefields（甘蔗田）.Iwouldwalkbehindanox,guidinghimwithabroomstick.For$1aday,Iworkedeighthoursstraight,withnofoodbreaks.Itwasverytediouswork,butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus,IhadtobeontimeeverydayandworkashardasIcould.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tedious”probablymean?A.interestingB.tiresomeC.relaxingD.challengingBPassage4B61Passage5

Althoughheoftenhadthechance,Mr.Brownwasneverabletoste