希臘神話英文課件

西語(yǔ)5班任雯爍西語(yǔ)5班任雯爍1ByEdisonTheGreekMythologyByEdisonTheGreekMythology2“GreeceiseveryWesternman’ssecondnature.”“GreeceiseveryWesternman’s3GreekMythologyisa

groupoftraditionaltalestoldbytheancientGreeksaboutthedeedsofgods,heroesandtheirrelationswithhumanbeings.

希臘神話講了很多古希臘的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他們和普通人類之間的關(guān)系。TheGreekmythologyisanimportantpartoftheancientculturewhichhasvastanddeepinfluenceonthewholewesternculture.

希臘神話是古文化重要的一部分，與整個(gè)西方文化有著廣泛而又緊密的聯(lián)系。ItsgreatinfluenceupontheEnglishlanguageandliteratureisbeyonddescription.AgreatnumberofwordsandidiomsintheEnglishlaguagecomefromtheGreekmythology.

它在英語(yǔ)和文學(xué)作品方面的巨大影響力是無(wú)法形容的。英語(yǔ)中的很多單詞和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式都是來(lái)自希臘神話。GreekMythologyisagroup4希臘神話英文ppt課件5Inthebeginning,theuniverseisacosmos

evolvingfromChaos.ChaosandGaea(theearth)generateeverythingthatexists,includingseas,mountains,godsandmonsters.ThenGaea’smatingwithhersonUranus（thesky),whichproduces12TitanswithGronusastheirleader.宇宙之初，只有卡俄斯（即“混沌”)。卡俄斯和蓋亞創(chuàng)造了大海、大山、神還有妖怪，并賦予他們生命。后來(lái)蓋亞與她的兒子烏拉諾斯結(jié)婚，由此產(chǎn)生了以克羅諾斯為首的12泰坦。Inthebeginning,theu6TheeternalmythologyTheOlympianGodsbetweenMacedonandThessalyofeasternGreecetherestoodahighmountain.itscloudytoprushedintotheveryheavens.onthetopofthemountain，thehomeofthegodswasbathedinbrightness.傳說(shuō)，風(fēng)中有個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)度，在馬其頓和希臘東部的色薩利之間矗立著一座神圣高山，大霧彌漫的山頂直插云霄。仙境般山頂上，眾神們的樂(lè)園沐浴在神圣光輝之中，時(shí)間在這里靜止，世上萬(wàn)物都聽(tīng)從這里的指命。TheeternalmythologyTheOlymp7

Advisedbyhismother,GrounsbeatsUranus,seversthelinkbetweenskyandearth,andbecomesthenewkingofthecosmos.Gronuscopulateswithhissister,RheatobringaboutZeusandsiblings,thefutureofolderOlympians.克羅諾斯在他母親的建議和幫助下打敗了他的父親烏拉諾斯，分開(kāi)了天地間的連接，成為了宇宙的新首領(lǐng)?？肆_諾斯與他的姐姐瑞亞結(jié)婚，誕生了宙斯以及他的兄弟姐妹，翻開(kāi)了古奧林匹亞嶄新的一頁(yè)。

Advisedbyhismother,GrounsbeatsUranus,seversthelinkbetweenskyandearth,andbecomesthenewkingofthecosmos.Gronuscopulateswithhissister,RheatobringaboutZeusandsiblings,thefutureofolderOlympians.克羅諾斯在他母親的建議和幫助下打敗了他的父親烏拉諾斯，分開(kāi)了天地間的連接，成為了宇宙的新首領(lǐng)?？肆_諾斯與他的姐姐瑞亞結(jié)婚，誕生了宙斯以及他的兄弟姐妹，翻開(kāi)了古奧林匹亞嶄新的一頁(yè)。Advisedbyhismother,8TheancientGreeksworshipedmanygods.Greekgodscanbedividedintoseveralgroups.TheearliestgroupwasTitans,ledbyCronus.Themostpowerfulgroupwas

theOlympians.TheOlympiansareagroupof１２godswhoruledaftertheoverthrowoftheTitans.AlltheOlympiansarerelatedinsomeway.Theyarenamedaftertheirdwelling（住宅,住所）placeMountOlympus.

古希臘崇拜很多神,古希臘的神被分為幾組,最古老一組的被稱為泰坦,由克羅諾斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。最強(qiáng)大的一組被稱為奧林匹斯山神。奧林匹斯山神由１２個(gè)神組成，他們顛覆了泰坦時(shí)期的規(guī)律。所有的奧林匹斯山神在某個(gè)方面都有著或多或少的聯(lián)系。他們的名字來(lái)自于他們居住的奧林匹斯山。TheancientGreeksworship9theTitans（十二泰坦）Cronus(克羅諾斯):天空之神。Rhea(瑞亞):時(shí)光女神。Oceanus(俄刻阿諾斯):水之神。Tethys(泰西斯):滄海女神。俄刻阿諾斯之妻。Crius(克瑞斯):生長(zhǎng)之神。Lapetus(伊阿佩托斯):靈魂之神。阿忒拉斯、普羅米修斯、厄庇米修斯和墨諾提俄斯之父。Phoebe(福柏):月之女神。月之女神勒托與阿斯特瑞亞之母。Coeus(科俄斯):智力之神。Themis(忒彌斯):秩序和正義女神。宙斯第二位妻子,時(shí)序三女神母。Mnemosyne(謨涅摩敘涅):記憶之神。宙斯第五位妻子,九繆斯之母。Hyperion(許配利翁):光之神Thea(忒亞):許配利翁之妻。theTitans（十二泰坦）Cronus(克羅諾斯):10theGods（十二主神）Zeus(宙斯):thegodofthesky.Hera(赫拉):thegoddessofmarriageandchildbirth.Poseidon(波塞冬):thegodofthesea,protector.Hades(哈迪斯):thegodthedeadandwealth.Hestia(赫斯提亞):thegoddessoftheHearth(灶臺(tái)).Ares(阿瑞斯):thegodofwar.Hermes(赫爾墨斯):thegodofthievesandcommerce.Hephaestus(赫斯菲托斯):thegodoffireandtheforge(熔爐).Apollo(阿波羅):thegodoflight.Artemis(阿爾忒彌斯):thegoddessofchastity,virginity,thehunt,themoon,andthenaturalenvironment.Athena(雅典娜):theGreekvirgingoddessofreason,intelligentactivity,artsandliterature.Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德):thegoddessoflove,desireandbeauty.theGods（十二主神）Zeus(宙斯):11希臘神話英文ppt課件12Allthechiefgodsmentionedabovetookhumanformsofincomparablebeautyandgrace，oftenmovedbyhumanfeelingsanddesires，theyfrequentlygavewaytoangerandjealousy.theybecameinvolvedinceaselessbattleswiththeworldofman.amongthemselvesatolympustheyplottedandstruggledforpower.inthehumanworldtheyexperiencedcompetitionsanddifficulties.theyenjoyedearthlyfriendshipsandloves.acrowdofeverlastinggodslookedandactedinaperfectlyhumanfashionthatiswhatallgodsatolympusactuallywere.天神們的美麗與魅力無(wú)可匹敵。因常受到凡人情感與愿望的感染，他們不時(shí)地勃然大怒，妒嫉別人。他們卷入與人類世界無(wú)休止的爭(zhēng)斗中。在奧林波斯，他們之間也充滿了陰謀與權(quán)力之爭(zhēng)。在凡人的世界里，他們經(jīng)歷了敵對(duì)與挫折。他們珍惜人間的愛(ài)與友善。這群長(zhǎng)生不老的天神們的外表與行為完全符合人間的方式。Allthechiefgodsmentioneda13希臘神話英文ppt課件14PaintingsPaintings15希臘神話英文ppt課件16SculptureSculpture17cartooncartoon18希臘神話英文ppt課件19Zeus(Jupiter)Thekingofthegods,therulerofMountOlympusandthegodofthesky,weather,thunder,law,orderandfate.Heistheyoungestsonof

Cronus

and

Rhea,whomheoverthrew,andbrother-husbandto

Hera.Inartwork,hewasdepictedasaregal（莊嚴(yán)的）,mature（穩(wěn)重的）manwithasturdy（健壯的）figureanddarkbeard.Hisusualattributesaretheroyalsceptre（王位）andthelightningbolt,andhissacredanimalistheeagle.神話中宙斯威嚴(yán)神圣，卻又會(huì)怕老婆，公正英明，卻又有點(diǎn)小心眼愛(ài)記仇，疼惜子女，卻又喜歡處處留情，遍地撒種。其人物形象非常生動(dòng)性格豐滿充滿人性的矛盾與無(wú)奈。Zeus(Jupiter)Thekingofthe20Hera(Juno),Aproudandgreen-eyed（嫉妒的）woman.Queenofmarriage,women,childbirth,heirs,kingsandempires.SheisdaughterofCronus

andRhea，Zeus’ssister.Shewasusuallydepictedasabeautifulwomanwearingacrownandveil(面紗)andholdingaroyal,lotus-tippedstaff（權(quán)杖）.Hersacredanimalsaretheheifer（小母牛）,thelion,thepeacock（孔雀）andthecuckoo（杜鵑）.天后的善妒眾神皆知，高貴的出身，尊貴的地位，宙斯的今天又都是她一手幫助得來(lái)的，讓赫拉更加目空一切，驕傲刁蠻，對(duì)付情敵的手段更是異常狠辣。Hera(Juno),Aproudandgreen-21Poseidon(Neptune)wasrulerofthesea.rivers,floods,droughts,earthquakesandhorses;knownasthe“EarthShaker”or“StormBringer”.Heisabrotherto

Zeus

andHades.Inclassicalartworkhewasdepictedasamaturemanofsturdybuildwithadarkbeard,andholdinga

trident.（三叉戟）Poseidon(Neptune)wasrulerof22

Apollo(Apollo)wasthegodofthesun,musicandpoetry.

Hewasthesonofzeusandlet

letowasdrivenbyherafromlandtolandatlastPoseidontookpityon

herandbroughttheislandofdelosoutofwaterforhertoliveon.there

shegavebirthtothetwins，apolloandartemis.阿波羅象征著青春和男子的英俊美麗。

金色的頭發(fā)、莊重的舉止、容光煥發(fā)的神態(tài)，這些足以使他受到世人的青睞。

一位名叫Christina的美麗少女迷戀于他的英俊，跪在地上，從黎明到黃昏，日復(fù)一日雙手伸向太陽(yáng)神,凝視著那輛金質(zhì)馬車在蔚藍(lán)的天空馳騁。但她的愛(ài)并未得到回報(bào)，顯然高傲王子早已見(jiàn)慣了各種迷戀者，但她對(duì)阿波羅的癡情從未改變，目睹這悲哀的場(chǎng)面，眾神深受感動(dòng)，將她變成了一株向日葵…==Apollo(Apollo)wasthegod23Artemis(Diana),Apollo’stwinsister,shewasthegoddessofthemoonandthechase.apollodrovehisgoldencarriage(馬車)acrosstheheavensduringtheday，admiredasthesun-god.artemisalsoracedacrosstheskyinsolemnstyleatnight，“thequeenofwideair”gaveoffsilverlightalloverthesleepingworldbelow.sheremainedsingleallherlife，justasapollorepresentsmanlybeauty，soArtemisstandsforfemininepurityandvirginity。她終身未嫁，心靈保持著少女般純潔，容貌娟秀安祥。她是少女端莊嫻雅的楷模。如果說(shuō)阿波羅代表了男性美，她則象征著貞潔嫻靜的女性美。作為守護(hù)神，她把保護(hù)遇難的少女當(dāng)作自己義不容辭的責(zé)任。少女們都來(lái)到她的圣壇前祈求愛(ài)情與幸福。Artemis(Diana),Apollo’stwin24Athena(Minerva)

wasthegoddessofwisdom,warfare,strategy.Thedaughterof

Zeus

and

Metis,shewasbornfromZeus‘sheadfully-formedandarmoured.(全副武裝)Shewasdepictedcrownedwithacrestedhelmet(頭盔)armedwithshield（盾）andspear（矛）,andwearingthesnake-trimmed

aegis

cloak（披風(fēng)）adornedwiththeheadoftheGorgon.Hersymbolsincludetheaegisandthe

olive

tree(橄欖樹(shù)).Sheiscommonlyshownaccompaniedbyhersacredanimal,theowl（貓頭鷹）.

雅典娜大概是大家最熟知的希臘人物之一了，她英明睿智，足智多謀而靈活善戰(zhàn)，她是雅典人們鞠躬盡瘁的守護(hù)者，身兼天下重任，眸中閃爍智慧光芒，是奧林帕斯最有思想的女神，莊重理性的女強(qiáng)人形象。Athena(Minerva)wasthegoddes25Dionysus(Bacchus)wastheGodofwine,partiesandfestivals,madness,drunkennessandpleasure.Hewasdepictedinartasaprettyeffeminate（美麗柔弱的）,long-hairedyouth.Hisattributesincludethe

thyrsus

(酒神杖),drinkingcup,grapevine.hewasthesonofzeusbysemele.whenhismotherwasburnttodeathinthegloryofzeus.hewasstillahelplessinfant（小嬰兒）.hisfathertrustedhisupbringingtosomemountainfairymaidens.theytookthegreatestcareofhim.從小就是孤兒的酒神性情乖張，放浪形骸，終年縱情享樂(lè)其信徒也因他們的瘋狂無(wú)序而出名。他們肆無(wú)忌憚地狂歡，醉生夢(mèng)死地喝酒、歌舞，其侍女也因極端野蠻放蕩而聞名。但同時(shí)他也是希臘哲學(xué)中著名享樂(lè)主義的來(lái)源。Dionysus(Bacchus)wastheGod26Ares(Mars)wasthegodofwar，sonofzeusandhera，Godofwar,bloodlust,violence,manlycourage,andcivilorder.Thesonof

Zeus

andHera,hewasdepictedaseitheramature,beardedwarriordressedinbattlearms,oranudebeardlessyouthwithhelmandspear..ontheotherhandhesignifiedcourageandvictoryinbattle，andwasdevoutlyworshippedbysoldiersgoingtowar.戰(zhàn)神勇猛好強(qiáng)又魯莽殘暴，波塞冬的一個(gè)兒子企圖誘拐他的女兒，戰(zhàn)神非常不悅，毫不留情地就把他干掉了。為了替兒子報(bào)仇，波塞冬拉著阿瑞斯到雅典法官面前要求審判戰(zhàn)神。審判是在城外的一座小山上開(kāi)庭的，阿瑞斯敘述了案情，最后被判無(wú)罪。從那以后，這座山就稱作雅典的最高法院，即“阿瑞斯之山”“thehillofares”；而出審的法官們被稱作雅典最高法院的法官。Ares(Mars)wasthegodofwar，27Aphrodite(Venus)wasthegoddessofloveandbeauty,Zeus'sdaughter.Althoughmarriedto

Hephaestus

shehadmanylovers,mostnotably

Ares.Shewasdepictedasabeautifulwomanusuallyaccompaniedbyherson

Eros.Hersymbolsincluderose,

scallop

shelland

myrtle

wreath.穩(wěn)坐神界美貌優(yōu)雅第一把交椅的維納斯令無(wú)數(shù)凡夫俗子，仙人神祗拜倒在石榴裙下，但邂逅了Adonis后，美神也不得不收起傲慢，屈伸以求，她離開(kāi)奧林帕斯山的華麗宮殿來(lái)到山林中與這個(gè)美少年整日相伴左右，然而一天，她剛坐上馬車回宮，廢柴美少年就被一頭野豬不幸頂死==?；貋?lái)后發(fā)現(xiàn)戀人尸骨已寒的她悲痛萬(wàn)分的大哭起來(lái)，但無(wú)法將他從地府再拉回陽(yáng)間，于是她飛到宙斯處，乞求父親的憐憫，終與Hades達(dá)成協(xié)議：Adonis每年可以到陽(yáng)間和Aphrodite相聚半年，由此每到春天阿多尼斯就回到她身邊享受愛(ài)的擁抱，但到了冬天他就得不情愿地回到哈得斯那兒。Adonis:美少年；美男子；金盞花n.Adonize:打扮；變美v.Aphrodite(Venus)wasthegodde28Hephaestus(Vulcan)wasthegodoffire,metalworking,stonemasonryandsculpture.ThesonofHera

andZeus,heisthesmithofthegodsandthehusbandofAphrodite.Hewasusuallydepictedasabeardedlame(瘸的)manholdinghammerandtongs(鉗子)—thetoolsofasmith—andridingadonkey.Hissymbolsarethehammerandtongs.Hissacredanimalsarethedonkey,andthecrane.

Hephaestus(Vulcan)wasthegod29Hermes(Mercury)thesonof

Zeus

and

MaiatheGodoftravel,messengers,trade,thievery,cunningwiles,athletics,andanimalhusbandry.Heisthemessengerofthegods,a

psychopomp

wholeadsthesoulsofthedeadinto

Hades’srealm,thegodsequippedhimwithapairofwingedsandals(飛鞋)andwingedcap（飛帽）toenablehimtotravelswifter（快捷）thansight.Hermeswasalsoapatron（守護(hù)神）oftravellers.Hermes個(gè)性機(jī)靈聰穎，活躍敏捷經(jīng)常斡旋于眾神之間難免有點(diǎn)小滑頭，相傳他一出生就會(huì)偷東西，爬出搖籃偷了哥哥阿波羅的牛吃掉了，可見(jiàn)“盜神”之稱名不虛傳。Hermes(Mercury)thesonof

30Hades(Pluto),KingoftheUnderworldandgodofdeath,thedead,andthehiddenwealthoftheEarth.Hisconsortis

Persephone

andhisattributesarethekeyofHades,theHelmofDarkness,andthethree-headeddog,

Cerberus.Thescreechowlwassacredtohim.Despitebeingthesonof

Cronus

and

Rhea

andtheelderbrotherofZeus,heisonlyrarelylistedamongtheOlympians.冥王哈德斯個(gè)性冷漠陰郁，一直備受宙斯打壓，作為輩分最長(zhǎng)之一，宙斯的兄弟卻在神山連一席之位都沒(méi)有，諸神之戰(zhàn)后宙斯幾乎奪走了一切戰(zhàn)利品，他唯一一次牽動(dòng)感情就是愛(ài)上了姐姐農(nóng)業(yè)女神Demeter的愛(ài)女Persephone并擄走她娶為冥后，不過(guò)Demeter護(hù)崽心切，荒廢萬(wàn)物農(nóng)事誓把女兒奪回來(lái)，最終宙斯斡旋，決定三九開(kāi)，于是可憐的Hades連自己的唯一的王后一年里也只有三個(gè)月能見(jiàn)到面。Hades(Pluto),KingoftheUnder31水星Mercury

火星Mars地球earth金星Venus

土星Saturn

木星Jupiter

天王星Uranus

海王星Neptune

冥王星Pluto

水星Mercury火星地球earth金星Venus土星32Prometheusmanaged

tostealfirefromheavenandsecretlybroughtitdownto

men.flyinginto

anangeratthisunjustifiedactofrebellion，Zeuslettheothergods

chainPrometheustoarockonmountain，whereahungryeagle

evertoreathisliverwhichevergrewagain.hisperiodofpainwasto

bethirty-thousandyears.

Prometheusmanaged

tostealfi33

Icarus

isthesonofthemastercraftsman

(工匠)Daedalus.ThestorytoldaboutIcarusishisattempttoescapefrom

Crete

bymeansofwingsthathisfatherconstructedfromfeathersandwax（蠟）.Heignoredinstructionsnottoflytooclosetothesun,andthemeltingwaxcausedhimtofalltohisdeath.

Icarus

isthesonofthemast34今天“icarian”成了意指冒險(xiǎn)的；不切實(shí)際的。不過(guò)對(duì)于Icarus渴望征服未知，挑戰(zhàn)極限的夢(mèng)想與勇氣我們?nèi)杂袑W(xué)習(xí)的價(jià)值。今天“icarian”成了意指冒險(xiǎn)的；不切實(shí)際的。35喜歡惡作劇的愛(ài)神Cupid用金箭射中了A