2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州市黃廣中學(xué)高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州市黃廣中學(xué)高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A4BestHikesintheUKbyTrainThefollowingfourbesthikesintheUKbytrainarerecommendedtotry.

Nameofhike：GoldenCapontheSouthwestCoastPath

Thenearesttrainstation：Axminster

TheGoldenCapEstateisfamousforbeingthetallestpointoftheJurassicCoastWorldHeritageSite.FollowingtheSouthwestCoastPathforabout7.5kmwilltakeyoualongCharmouthBeachwhichisfamousforthemanyfossils（化石）foundthere.

Nameofhike：AberFallsintheSnowdoniaNationalPark

Thenearesttrainstation：Bangor

AberFallsisanimpressive40mtallwaterfallintheSnowdoniaNationalPark.Followingthe4kmpaththroughAberNatureReservetoreachthewaterfallyouwillpassancientwoodlands.Additionally，you'llbeabletofindafewsmallerwaterfallsonroute.

Nameofhike：ConicHillintheLochLomond

Thenearesttrainstation：Balloch

TheConicHillisoneofthefinalpartsontheWestHighlandWayroute.Aftergoingthroughancientwoodlands，you'llreachtheimpressiveviewofLochLomondanditsmanyislands.Coveringabout5.5km，thepathbeginsandendsinthesmallvillageofBalmaha.

Nameofhike：LochanEileinintheCairngormsNationalPark

Thenearesttrainstation：Aviemore

This7.2kmwalkpassesLochanEileinandcutsthroughtheendlessancientforest.TheLochishometoasmallislandandthebeautifulLochanEileinCastle（城堡）whichdatesbacktothe13thcentury.Whilewalking，youcanenjoythesoundofbirdsongallaroundyou.1.Whichplacewillyouchooseifyoulikenaturalheritage？______A.AberFalls. B.GoldenCap.

C.ConicHillloop.. D.LochanEileinloop.2.WhichstationshouldyouchooseifvisitingAberNatureReserve？______A.Axminster. B.Bangor. C.Balloch. D.Aviemore.3.WhatdoConicHillandLochanEileinhaveincommon？______A.Ancientforest. B.Severalislands.

C.Famouscastles. D.Beautifulbirds.BTheFIFAWorldCup2022，theworld'sgreatestfootballtournament，issettobegininQataronNovember21，2022.

TheFIFAWorldCupisbeingheldintheMiddleEastforthefirsttimeandisbeinghostedbyanAsiancountryforthesecondtime.Thenation，whichdrawsvisitorsfromallaroundtheworld，promisestohostthemostexpensiveWorldCupever.

Bylandsize，QataristhesmallestnationtohaveeverhostedaFIFAWorldCup.Switzerland，whichhostedthe1954FIFAWorldCup，isthenext-smallestnation.Qatarbecamethesecondnationtohostthemajorcompetitionwithoutevermakingittoanearlierroundofcompetition.Qatarhasapopulationof2.8million，whichiscomparabletothatofYorkshire.However，becauseofitssize，ithasthehighestpercapitaincomeintheworld.

AFIFAWorldCupisanexpensiveevent，andsince1994，therehasbeenageneralupwardtrendinthecostsconnectedwithhostingthemostfamoustournament.

Thenationhasalreadyspentaround﹩200billion.Thenationspends﹩500millionperweekoninfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）projects，newstadiums，hotels，hospitals，andairports.AccordingtoQatar'sfinanceminister，AliShareefAI-Emadi，preparationsfortheWorldCuparealmostcomplete.

Ahugeamountofsoccerfansareexpectedtoarriveinthecountry（about1.2—1.5million）.Duetoconcernsaboutashortageofhousing，thenationhasalreadyspent﹩40milliononhotels.

TheestimatedcostofQatar's2022FIFAWorldCupis﹩220billion.Thehistorictournament'smostcostlyeditionisexpectedtobethisone.FansaresurprisedwiththeWorldCup'sluxuryandfascination，butthereisalsoplentyofcontroversy（爭(zhēng)議）.4.WhatdoweknowabouttheFIFAWorldCup？______A.Yorkshirehostedthe1954FIFAWorldCup.

B.TheFIFAWorldCupistheworld'sgreatesttournament.

C.It'sthesecondtimetheFIFAWorldCuphasbeenheldinanAsiancountry.

D.TheoverallcostofhostingFIFAWorldCuphasbeenontherisesince1954.5.Whatdoesthefifthparagraphmainlytalkabout？______A.People'swarmthforQatar.

B.Qatar'spreparationsforWorldCup.

C.Qatar'sgoalsfortheWorldCup.

D.Qatar'smainfinancialsituationin2022.6.HowmuchmoneyisleftoverforQatartopreparefortheWorldCup？______A.﹩40million. B.﹩200million. C.﹩500million. D.﹩20billion.7.Whatmightthewritercontinuetowriteinthenextparagraph？______A.HowsoccerfansplantogotowatchtheWorldCupofQatar.

B.Whatthestadiumsofthe2022WorldCuplooklike.

C.HowpeopleviewdifferentlyontheQatar'sluxuriousbehavior.

D.WhatothersurprisesdoesQataroffersoccerfans.CWorld'sLargestActiveVolcanoEruptsinHawaiiHawaii'sMaunaLoa，thelargestactivevolcanointheworld，haseruptedforthefirsttimeinnearly40years，USauthoritiessaid，eruptinglavaandashMonday，Nov.28th，2022asemergencycrewswentonalert.

Flowsoflavaremainedmostlycontainedwithinthepeak'shugecaldera，buttheeruptioncouldposeathreattonearbyresidentsifconditionschange，theUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveyreportedat11：45pmlocaltimeSundayabout15minutesaftertheeruptioninsideHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark.

MaunaLoahasbeenshowingsignsoferuptingforyears，accordingtotheUSGS，whichsaidtheongoingeruptionwasvisiblefromKona，atownonthewestcoastofHawaii'smainislandabout72kilometersfromthevolcano.

"Lavaisstilleruptingfromthepeakandisoverflowingfromthecaldera，"theUSGSsaidonitswebsite，referringtothebasinatthetopofavolcano.Whileitaddedtherewere"nothreatstopopulatedareascurrently，"iturgedarearesidentstoreviewpreparationprocedures.

Hawaiiauthoritiessaidnoevacuation（撤離，疏散）ordershavebeengiven，althoughthepeakareaandseveralroadsintheregionwereclosed，andtwosheltershavebeenopened.

RobinGeorgeAndrews，ascientist，saidalargerthreatexistsiflavabeginstopouroutofso-calledriftzones（裂谷帶）.

WhilethereisnoevidenceyetofthisoccurringnowonMaunaLoa，"thefactthatitisadangerousmountainthathasn'teruptedsince1984—thelongesteruptivepauseinitsrecordedhistory—iswhyweshouldallkeepaneyeonit，"Andrewssaid.

OneofsixactivevolcanoesontheHawaiianislands，MaunaLoahaserupted33timessince1843，accordingtoUSGS.

Themostrecenteruption，in1984，lasted22daysandproducedlavaflowswhichreachedtowithinabout7kilometersofHilo，acitytothenortheastwhichishometoabout44，000peopletoday.8.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldUSGSagreewith？______A.Theeruptiontimeiscorrectlypredicted.

B.Theeruptioniswithinexpectation.

C.Theeruptionresultshavebeenundercontrol.

D.Theeruptionwillposeathreattopeoplelivingnearby.9.Whatsuggestionisgiventoresidentsinparagraph4？______A.Leavingtheirhousesassoonaspossible.

B.Puttingupmoresheltersinashorttime.

C.Listeningtoevacuationordersoften.

D.Makingsomepreparations.10.AccordingtoRobinGeorgeAndrews，what'sthepotentialdanger？______A.Nooneknowshowtojudgetheeruptivepause.

B.Therearemorepeoplelivingneartheriftzones.

C.Thereisapossibilitythatthelavapoursoutofriftzones.

D.AllthesixactivevolcanoesontheHawaiianislandswillerupt.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage？______A.Togiveadviceaboutprotectingtheenvironment.

B.Tostresstheimportanceofnatural'spower.

C.Totellapieceofnewstothereaders.

D.Tointroducethehistoryofvolcanos.DThere're7，000documentedlanguagescurrentlyspokenacrosstheworld，buthalfofthemcouldbeendangered，accordingtoanewstudy.It'spredictedthat1，500knownlanguagesmaynolongerbespokenbytheendofthiscentury.

ResearchersfromTheAustralianNationalUniversityanalyzedthousandsoflanguagesandhighlightedalinkbetweenhigherlevelsofschoolingandlanguageloss，asregionallyleadinglanguagestaughtinclassoftenovershadownativetongues.Additionally，thedensityofroadsinanareaisalsotoblame.

"Wefoundthatthemoreroadsthereare，connectingcountrytocity，andvillagestotowns，thehighertheriskoflanguagesbeingendangered，"saidProfessorLindellBronham，co-authorofthestudy.

Thestudy，publishedinNature，EcologyandEvolution，estimatestheequivalent（等量，對(duì)應(yīng)物）ofonelanguageiscurrentlylostwithineverythree-monthperiod.Butlevelsoflanguagelosscouldactuallytriple（三倍）inthenext40years，withatleastonelanguagepermonthdisappearingunlessmeasuresaretaken.

"Whenalanguageislost，welosesomuchofourhumanculturaldiversity，"saidProfessorBromham."Fortunately，manyofthelanguagespredictedtobelostthiscenturystillhavefluentspeakers，sothere'sstillthechancetoinvestinsupportingcommunitiestoboostnativelanguages."

Whilepaststudieshaveblamedthedigitalareaforcausingthelanguageloss—byfocusingattentiononafewmajorlanguagesattheexpenseofsmallerones—today'stech-focusedworldcouldholdasolution.

There'replentyofInternetsitesandappstohelpnewspeakerslearnlanguageslikeSpanish，EnglishandChinese，butthesenowextendtospecialistappsdesignedtoteachendangeredlanguagesorhelppreservethem.Ma!Iwaidja，forexample，isanappthatenablesthoseworkingwithspeakersoftheIwaidjalanguagetorecordwords，phrasesandtranslations.AnotherinitiativeistheRosettaProject，aglobalcooperationoflanguagespecialistsandnativespeakersworkingtobuildanopen-accessdigitallibraryofhumanlanguages.

TheUNESCOInternationalDecadeofIndigenousLanguages（IDIL2022-2032），whichbeginsthisyear，alsoaimstoengagetheglobalcommunitywiththecriticalissueoflanguageloss.AspartofitsGlobalActionPlan，itiscreatinganetworkofinternationalstakeholdersfocusedonprotectingtherightsofindigenouspeopletorestoreandpreservetheirlanguages.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout？______A.Thereasonsandresultsofthenewstudy.

B.Theimportanceoftheimprovedtransportation.

C.Theimpactofeducationonendangeredlanguages.

D.Reasonsfortheriskofendangerednativelanguages.13.Whatdoweknowaboutlanguagelossaccordingtothestudy？______A.Itisstable. B.Itisreasonable.

C.Itisworsening. D.Itisuncontrollable.14.Whatplaysanimportantroleinsavingindigenouslanguages？______A.Economy. B.Education. C.Technology. D.Globalization.15.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheideaforlanguageprotection？______A.Byusingfindings. B.Bymakinganalyses.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bygivingsomeexamples.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）HowtoCheerupYourFriendThefollowingtipswillmakeyourfriendcheerup.Tryoneormoreofthesuggestionsbelow，andhopefullyyourfriendwillbehappyagaininnotime.

（1）______.Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork，helpherseethepositivesideofthings.Hearoutherproblembeforereacting（回應(yīng)）.Buttrytohelpheraskingquestionssuchas，"Whatthingscanyoudotomakethesituationbetter？"or"What'sbeenhappeningatworklatelythat'sbeengood？"

Sendheracardorpostcard.Notmanypeoplegethandwrittennotesanymore.It'ssorare（稀少的），infact，thatit'scertaintoputasmileonherface.Dropanoteinthemailtoher.（2）______

Builduphersellf-esteem（自尊）.Everyoneneedstoheartheyaresmart，strong，andbeautifulsometimes.（3）______，astheycanhelpherbuildconfidenceandself-esteem.Trytomakeyourpraiseuniquetotheperson，sosheknowsyoutrulymeanwhatyousay.

Tryoutnewthingstogether.Truehappinessisinpartabouttheadventure.Itmaymeanyoumayneedtostepoutsideofwhat'scomfortableandtrysomethingnew.（4）______Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy，encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou.

Bringheroneofherfavoritetreats.（5）______.Maybeshecan'tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee，ormaybeshehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake.Surpriseherbybringingoneofthemtoherwhenyouknowshe'shavingaroughday.

A.Encourageyourfriend

B.Helphertoseethepositiveside

C.Youknowwhatyourfriendlikes

D.Inturn，discovernewthingsyoulove

E.Don'tbeafraidtotellyourfriendthesethings

F.Similarly，yourhappinesswillaffectyourfriends

G.Ifyouincludeonewithafunnycard，that'sbetter16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Asawhaleresearcher，NanHauserhasbeenawardedtheinternationaltitleof"EarthAmbassador".Whilemanylocalpeoplehadheardofthis(21)，itwasanencounter（邂逅）thatwouldmakeherknownworldwide.

Onedayin2017，Nanwasshootingsomevideoswiththewhales，whenthemostremarkablething(22).Assheswamalongsidethem，theybegantodisplay(23)signsthatdangerwasnear.Suddenly，shesawawhaleswimtowardsheratfullspeed.Justas(24)hit，oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsbackandoutofrangeof...notawhalebutatigershark.

Afterthesharkdisappeared，thewhale(25)accompaniedNanbacktoherboat.Sheclimbedaboardandyelledherappreciationtothe(26).Afterafewminutes，thewhaledisappeared，andNansaidgoodbye，feeling(27)forthislifetimeencounter.

Almostayearlater，Nanreceivedacallfromafishermansayingthathe(28)whalesintheharbor.Couldherwhalefriendhave(29)？Shejumpedontoaboatquickly.Naninstantly(30)herfriend，anddivedintothewatertoswimwithhim.

AfterNan'sencounter，she(31)withhowbestshecouldthankthewhale.Afterall，it's(32)tohugsomethingmuchlargerthanyou.Sowhat'sthemost(33)waytothankawhale？It'sbycaring，learningmoreaboutthem，and(34)theirhabitat.Asforus，wecanhelpinsmallways.Forexample，(35)single-useplasticswillmakeadifference.21.

A.chemist B.physicist C.geologist D.biologist22.

A.happened B.approached C.burst D.escaped23.

A.rescuing B.warming C.waiting D.recommending24.

A.excitement B.panic C.surprise D.disappointment25.

A.really B.clearly C.safely D.rudely26.

A.woman B.boat C.shark D.whale27.

A.proud B.grateful C.hopeful D.pitiful28.

A.spotted B.pleased C.targeted D.tracked29.

A.welcomed B.suffered C.returned D.refreshed30.

A.waved B.greeted C.realized D.recognized31.

A.combined B.struggled C.argued D.connected32.

A.pretty B.funny C.tricky D.vital33.

A.influential B.particular C.logical D.incredible34.

A.creating B.protecting C.surrounding D.establishing35.

A.donating B.exchanging C.throwing D.abandoning四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Local（1）______（official）inBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity'sculturalheritage（遺產(chǎn)），inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownashutongs.

Hutongsare（2）______（common）foundinthecitiesofNorthChina，buttheyareindanger.Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1，000hutongs，mostof（3）______areneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago，thenumberofthehutong（4）______（be）3，250.

"Onaveragemorethan100，000peoplevisittheForbiddenCityduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitsputpressureonthe（5）______（protect）ofculturalrelics，"saidHuangYan，directoroftheBeijingMunicipalCommissionofUrbanPlanning，（6）______（add）thathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.

Thegovernmentconcentrated（7）______howtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritageworked.WangShaofeng，headoftheXichengDistrictGovernment，saidtheareahas182culturalrelics，andmanyofthemwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty.ThedistrictofXichenghas1.28millionresidentsin（8）______57squarekilometersofland."Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage，"Wangsaid."Eachcommunityhasbeenrequired（9）______（report）thestatusofitsculturalheritage."Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongs（10）______（leave）inthecoming100years.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、單詞拼寫-單句（本大題共10小題，共10.0分）37.Lasttime，wediscussedsomepatternsofanimalbehaviour，andintoday'slecturewewill______（關(guān)注）onthemethodsusedinthestudyofanimals.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫）38.D______allthesediscouragements，sherefusedtogiveup.39.Itcanprovidestudentswithimmediatefeedback（反饋），includingreportsabouts______andweaknesses.40.Withthe32ndSummerOlympicsdrawingtoacloseinTokyo，manyChineseathleteshavecomebackloadedwithh______andgloryafterfinishingtheircompetitions.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）41.Itisindividualsthatshouldber______fortheirowndietandhealth.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）42.Thegreatest______（挑戰(zhàn)）fortheAmericansisunderstandingthemindsetofEasternEuropeans.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫）43.Theviruscanactuallyd______thosewhitebloodcells，leavingthebodywideopentoattackfromotherinfections.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）44.Thisisan______（極其）scenicpartofAmerica，whosesceneryisquitebreathtakingandappealing.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫）45.Wecannotalways______（遵守；觀察）thetraditionshandeddowntousfromthepast.46.Somestudentswhoarea______tothevirtualworldcan'tbearbeingseparatedfrommobilephonesevenforashortwhile.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）六、完成句子（本大題共5小題，共15.0分）47.Frommy__________________，onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.

依我看來(lái)，只有學(xué)會(huì)和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會(huì)成為野生生物和地球的威脅。48.Therecomesatimewhentheoldmust______thenew，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.

新舊更替的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來(lái)，在走向未來(lái)的過(guò)程中，我們不可能將過(guò)去的一切都保存下來(lái)。49.AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，__________________ofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.

隨著中國(guó)在全球事務(wù)中扮演著更為重要的角色，越來(lái)越多的國(guó)際學(xué)生開始通過(guò)漢語(yǔ)這一奇妙的語(yǔ)言了解和欣賞中國(guó)的文化和歷史。50.Ihadnoideathatexercising30minutesadayandeatinghealthyfoodcould________________________.

我沒(méi)有想到每天鍛煉半小時(shí)、健康飲食就會(huì)有如此大的影響。51.Some53millionmorepeople____________inpovertyasthefinancialcrisisspreadsaroundtheworld.

隨著金融危機(jī)在全世界的蔓延，大約有另外5300萬(wàn)人陷入了貧困。七、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）52.假如你是李華，半年前你參加了《健康報(bào)》關(guān)于“健康與生活方式選擇”的夏令營(yíng)，開始反思自己的不良生活方式，現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你給該報(bào)編輯寫一封信投稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.你過(guò)去的一種不良生活方式及其對(duì)你的影響；

2.你如何改變這種不良方式；

3.改變這種方式后你的感受。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右（開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入字?jǐn)?shù)）；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearEditor,

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、B、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nameofhike：GoldenCapontheSouthwestCoastPath（徒步旅行名稱：西南海岸小路上的金頂山）部分中的TheGoldenCapEstateisfamousforbeingthetallestpointoftheJurassicCoastWorldHeritageSite.（金頂山莊園以其侏羅紀(jì)海岸世界遺產(chǎn)的最高點(diǎn)而聞名）可知，如果你喜歡自然遺產(chǎn)，你可以選擇GoldenCap。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nameofhike：AberFallsintheSnowdoniaNationalPark（徒步旅行名稱：斯諾登尼亞國(guó)家公園的阿貝爾瀑布）部分中的Thenearesttrainstation：Bangor（最近的火車站：班戈）與Followingthe4kmpaththroughAberNatureReservetoreachthewaterfallyouwillpassancientwoodlands.（沿著4公里的小徑穿過(guò)阿貝爾自然保護(hù)區(qū)到達(dá)瀑布，你將經(jīng)過(guò)古老的林地）可知，如果去參觀AberNatureReserve，你應(yīng)該選擇Bangor。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nameofhike：ConicHillintheLochLomond（徒步旅行地點(diǎn)：洛蒙德湖的科尼克山）部分中的Aftergoingthroughancientwoodlands，you'llreachtheimpressiveviewofLochLomondanditsmanyislands.（穿過(guò)古老的林地后，你會(huì)看到令人印象深刻的羅蒙湖及其眾多島嶼。）和Nameofhike：LochanEileinintheCairngormsNationalPark（徒步旅行名稱：凱恩戈姆國(guó)家公園的艾萊因湖）中的This7.2kmwalkpassesLochanEileinandcutsthroughtheendlessancientforest.（這段7.2公里的步行路程經(jīng)過(guò)艾萊因湖，穿過(guò)一望無(wú)際的古老森林）可知，ConicHill和LochanEilein都有古老的森林。故選A。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在英國(guó)乘火車旅行時(shí)四處最佳徒步旅行地。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】C、B、D、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段The

FIFA

World

Cup

is

being

held

in

the

Middle

East

for

the

first

time

and

is

being

hosted

by

an

Asian

country

for

the

second

time.（這是國(guó)際足聯(lián)世界杯首次在中東舉行，也是第二次由亞洲國(guó)家主辦。）可知，對(duì)于FIFA世界杯我們可以了解到這是世界杯第二次在亞洲國(guó)家舉辦。故選C。

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段The

nation

has

already

spent

around

﹩

200

billion.The

nation

spends

﹩

500

million

per

week

on

infrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）

projects，new

stadiums，hotels，hospitals，and

airports.According

to

Qatar's

finance

minister，Ali

Shareef

AI-Emadi，preparations

for

the

World

Cup

are

almost

complete.（這個(gè)國(guó)家已經(jīng)花費(fèi)了大約2000億美元。國(guó)家每周在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目、新體育場(chǎng)館、酒店、醫(yī)院和機(jī)場(chǎng)上花費(fèi)5億美元。卡塔爾財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)阿里?沙里夫?埃馬迪表示，世界杯的準(zhǔn)備工作已經(jīng)基本完成。）可知，第五段主要講的是卡塔爾為世界杯做的準(zhǔn)備。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段The

nation

has

already

spent

around

﹩

200

billion.（這個(gè)國(guó)家已經(jīng)花費(fèi)了大約2000億美元。）以及最后一段中The

estimated

cost

of

Qatar's

2022

FIFA

World

Cup

is

﹩

220

billion.（卡塔爾2022年國(guó)際足聯(lián)世界杯的估計(jì)成本為2200億美元。）可知，卡塔爾還剩下2200-2000=200億美元來(lái)準(zhǔn)備世界杯。故選D。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段The

historic

tournament's

most

costly

edition

is

expected

to

be

this

one.Fans

are

surprised

with

the

World

Cup's

luxury

and

fascination，but

there

is

also

plenty

of

controversy（爭(zhēng)議）.（本屆世界杯預(yù)計(jì)將是世界杯歷史上最昂貴的一屆。球迷們對(duì)世界杯的奢華和魅力感到驚訝，但也有很多爭(zhēng)議。）可知，作者可能在下一段討論人們對(duì)卡塔爾奢侈行為的不同看法。C．How

people

view

differently

on

the

Qatar's

luxurious

behavior.（人們對(duì)卡塔爾奢華行為的不同看法。）故選C。

本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道類閱讀，主要介紹了2022年國(guó)際足聯(lián)世界杯是世界上最偉大的足球錦標(biāo)賽，將于2022年11月21日在卡塔爾開幕，以及卡塔爾世界杯所做的準(zhǔn)備工作。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Mauna

Loa

has

been

showing

signs

of

erupting

for

years，according

to

the

USGS，which

said

the

ongoing

eruption

was

visible

from

Kona，a

town

on

the

west

coast

of

Hawaii's

main

island

about

72

kilometers

from

the

volcano.（據(jù)美國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局稱，多年來(lái)，Mauna

Loa火山一直有噴發(fā)的跡象。該局表示，從夏威夷主島西海岸的科納鎮(zhèn)可以看到正在進(jìn)行的噴發(fā)，Kona鎮(zhèn)距離火山約72公里。）可知，美國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局多年來(lái)就監(jiān)測(cè)到它噴發(fā)的跡象，所以這一切在預(yù)料之中。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段While

it

added

there

were

"no

threats

to

populated

areas

currently，"

it

urged

area

residents

to

review

preparation

procedures.（雖然它補(bǔ)充說(shuō)"目前人口稠密地區(qū)沒(méi)有受到威脅"，但它敦促該地區(qū)居民審查準(zhǔn)備程序。）可知，美國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局讓當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褡龊靡恍┗鹕奖l(fā)災(zāi)難的準(zhǔn)備。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Robin

George

Andrews，a

scientist，said

a

larger

threat

exists

if

lava

begins

to

pour

out

of

so-called

rift

zones（裂谷帶）.（科學(xué)家羅賓?喬治?安德魯斯說(shuō)，如果熔巖開始從所謂的裂谷區(qū)涌出，就會(huì)面臨更大的威脅。）可知，熔巖開始從所謂的裂谷區(qū)涌出將會(huì)是一個(gè)潛在的威脅。故選C。

（4）寫作目的題。根據(jù)第一段Hawaii's

Mauna

Loa，the

largest

active

volcano

in

the

world，has

erupted

for

the

first

time

in

nearly

40

years，US

authorities

said，erupting

lava

and

ash

Monday，Nov.28th，2022

as

emergency

crews

went

on

alert.

（美國(guó)當(dāng)局表示，夏威夷的莫納羅亞火山是世界上最大的活火山，近40年來(lái)首次噴發(fā)，于2022年11月28日星期一爆發(fā)熔巖和火山灰，緊急救援人員進(jìn)入警戒狀態(tài)。）以及后文可知，作者主要告訴讀者一條新聞C．To

tell

a

piece

of

news

to

the

readers.（給讀者講一則新聞。）故選C。

本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道類閱讀，主要講述世界上最大的活火山在夏威夷爆發(fā)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】D、C、C、D【解析】（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段Researchers

from

The

Australian

National

University

analyzed

thousands

of

languages

and

highlighted

a

link

between

higher

levels

of

schooling

and

language

loss，as

regionally

leading

languages

taught

in

class

often

overshadow

native

tongues.Additionally，the

density

of

roads

in

an

area

is

also

to

blame.（澳大利亞國(guó)立大學(xué)的研究人員分析了數(shù)千種語(yǔ)言，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了高等教育與語(yǔ)言喪失之間的聯(lián)系，因?yàn)檎n堂上教授的地區(qū)領(lǐng)先語(yǔ)言通常會(huì)使母語(yǔ)黯然失色。此外，一個(gè)地區(qū)的道路密度也是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。）可知，第二段主要講的是本土語(yǔ)言瀕危的原因。故選D項(xiàng)。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段The

study，published

in

Nature，Ecology

and

Evolution，estimates

the

equivalent

（等量，對(duì)應(yīng)物）

of

one

language

is

currently

lost

within

every

three-month

period.But

levels

of

language

loss

could

actually

triple（三倍）in

the

next

40

years，with

at

least

one

language

per

month

disappearing

unless

measures

are

taken.（這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《自然、生態(tài)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的研究估計(jì)，目前每三個(gè)月就有相當(dāng)于一種語(yǔ)言消失。但在未來(lái)的40年里，語(yǔ)言流失的程度可能會(huì)增加兩倍，如果不采取措施，每個(gè)月至少會(huì)有一種語(yǔ)言消失。）可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，我們知道語(yǔ)言喪失它正在惡化。A．It

is

stable這是穩(wěn)定的；B．It

is

reasonable這是合理的；C．It

is

worsening正在惡化；D．It

is

uncontrollable這是不可控的。故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中today's

tech-focused

world

could

hold

a

solution.（但今天以科技為中心的世界可能有一個(gè)解決方案。）以及第七段中There're

plenty

of

Internet

sites

and

apps

to

help

new

speakers

learn

languages

like

Spanish，English

and

Chinese，but

these

now

extend

to

specialist

apps

designed

to

teach

endangered

languages

or

help

preserve

them.（有很多網(wǎng)站和應(yīng)用程序可以幫助新使用者學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語(yǔ)、英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)言，但現(xiàn)在這些網(wǎng)站和應(yīng)用程序已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展到專門用于教授或保護(hù)瀕危語(yǔ)言的應(yīng)用程序。）可知，科技在拯救土著語(yǔ)言方面起著重要作用。A．Economy經(jīng)濟(jì)；B．Education教育；C．Technology科技；D．Globalization全球化。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Ma!Iwaidja，for

example，is

an

app

that

enables

those

working

with

speakers

of

the

Iwaidja

language

to

record

words，phrases

and

translations.Another

initiative

is

the

Rosetta

Project，a

global

cooperation

of

language

specialists

and

native

speakers

working

to

build

an

open-access

digital

library

of

human

languages.（例如，Ma!Iwaidja是一款應(yīng)用程序，可以讓那些與說(shuō)Iwaidja語(yǔ)的人一起工作，記錄單詞、短語(yǔ)和翻譯。另一項(xiàng)倡議是羅塞塔項(xiàng)目，這是一個(gè)由語(yǔ)言專家和母語(yǔ)人士組成的全球合作項(xiàng)目，旨在建立一個(gè)開放獲取的人類語(yǔ)言數(shù)字圖書館。）可推知，作者是通過(guò)給出一些例子來(lái)引入語(yǔ)言保護(hù)的理念的。故選D項(xiàng)。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了全世界目前在使用的有記載的語(yǔ)言有7000種，其中一半的語(yǔ)言可能瀕臨消失。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】B、G、E、D、C【解析】（1）主題判斷題。根據(jù)后文Ifyourfriendisangryaboutasituationatwork，helpherseethepositivesideofthings（如果你的朋友對(duì)工作中的某件事很生氣，幫助她看到事情積極的一面）；以及后面的具體說(shuō)明，可知B選項(xiàng)"幫助她看到積極的一面"可以作為本段的主題句，建議要幫助朋友看到事情積極的一面。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)主題句Sendheracardorpostcard（給她寄張卡片或明信片）；以及前句Dropanoteinthemailtoher（給她寄封信），可知G項(xiàng)"如果你附上一張有趣的卡片，那就更好了"可以承接前文，建議在信里附上一張有趣的卡片。故選G。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句Everyone

needs

to

hear

they

are

smart，strong，and

beautiful

sometimes（每個(gè)人都需要聽到他們有時(shí)聰明、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、美麗）；以及后半句astheycanhelpherbuildconfidenceandself-esteem（因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢詭椭⒆孕藕妥宰穑?，可知E項(xiàng)"不要害怕告訴你的朋友這些事"符合前后的因果關(guān)系，thesethings指代theyaresmart，strong，andbeautiful。故選E。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)主題句Tryoutnewthingstogether（一起嘗試新事物）；以及后句Ifyouwantyourfriendstobehappy，encouragethemtotrynewthingswithyou（如果你想讓你的朋友開心，鼓勵(lì)他們和你一起嘗試新事物），可知D項(xiàng)"反過(guò)來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)你喜歡的新事物"符合語(yǔ)境，介紹要把自己喜歡的新事物介紹給朋友。故選D。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)主題句Bringheroneofherfavoritetreats（給她帶一個(gè)她最喜歡的食物）；以及后句Maybeshecan'tlivewithoutanafternooncoffee，ormaybeshehasaspecialloveforblackforestcake（也許她離不開下午的咖啡，也許她對(duì)黑森林蛋糕情有獨(dú)鐘），可知C項(xiàng)"你知道你朋友喜歡什么"可以起到承上啟下作用，因?yàn)槟阒滥闩笥严矚g什么，所以可以給她帶一個(gè)她最喜歡的食物。故選C。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了讓朋友振作起來(lái)的一些方法。

這個(gè)題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)或段落的語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)解題很有幫助。

21~35.【答案】D、A、B、B、C、D、B、A、C、B、B、C、A、B、D【解析】（1）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.chemist化學(xué)家；A.physicist物理學(xué)家；C.geologist地質(zhì)學(xué)家；D.biologist生物學(xué)家。故填D。根據(jù)上文的"Asawhaleresearcher"和下文的內(nèi)容可知，NanHauser是一位海洋生物學(xué)家，與一頭鯨魚的偶遇讓她聞名于世。故選D。

（2）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.happened發(fā)生；B.approached接近；C.bust打破；D.escaped逃脫。根據(jù)下文"Justas_（7）_hit，oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsbackandoutofrangeof…notawhalebutatigershark."可知，她在海上拍攝鯨魚的視頻時(shí)，發(fā)生了不同尋常的事情。故填A(yù)。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.rescuing拯救；A.warning警告；C.waiting等待；D.recommending推薦。根據(jù)下文的"thatdangerwasnear"和"Suddenly，shesawawhaleswimtowardsheratfullspeed"可知，鯨魚發(fā)出了危險(xiǎn)迫近的警告信號(hào)。故選B。

（4）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.excitement興奮；B.panic恐慌；C.surprise驚喜；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)下文的"hit"和"oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsback"可知，NanHauser心里感到非?？只?。故選B。

（5）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.really真地；B.clearly顯然是；C.safely安全地；D.rudely粗魯?shù)亍８鶕?jù)下文的"accompaniedNanbacktoherboat"可知，這頭鯨魚把她安全地護(hù)送回她的船上。故選C。

（6）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.woman女人；B.boat船；C.shark鯊魚；D.whale鯨魚。根據(jù)上文的"yelledherappreciation"和下文的"feeling_（7）_forthislifetimeencounter"可知，鯊魚消失之后，她對(duì)這頭鯨魚大聲喊著感激的話。故選D。

（7）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.proud自豪的；B.grateful感謝的；C.hopeful充