【公開課】Unit+5+Discovering+useful+structures人教版（2019）必修第二冊

GrammarLessonWelcometoclass!GrammarThePastParticipleusedas

theAdverbialUnit5Music過去分詞作狀語Lookatthefollowingsentencesandunderlinethepastparticiples.1.BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.2.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”3.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos…

-edformsusedastheadverbial（狀語）

①

BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.Bornin過去分詞短語在句中作狀語

，邏輯主語是句子主語W，表狀態(tài)②

Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Movedbythismusic過去分詞短語，在句中作狀語

，邏輯主語是句子主語he

，表被動③

Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.Inspired過去分詞作狀語

，邏輯主語是句子主語he，表被動

tip1：

過去分詞做狀語，與句子主語成邏輯關(guān)系，表被動或者狀態(tài)（記憶）。Payattentiontotheunderlinedwords.Whataretheirfunctions?Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack.We'rehavingourcarrepaired.KnownastheEmeraldIsle,Irelandattractssomanyvisitors.LocatedintheeastofAsia,Japanisadevelopedcountry.賓語補足語后置定語原因狀語地點狀語/前置定語過去分詞作狀語過去分詞表示_________________，作狀語時，表示動作發(fā)生的背景或者情況，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個_______從句，其省略的主語（邏輯主語）是_________的主語，且與主語之間存在________關(guān)系。Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.邏輯主語被動關(guān)系完成或被動狀語主句被動過去分詞作時間狀語1.過去分詞作______狀語時，相當(dāng)于____狀語從句?？稍谶^去分詞前加上連詞“________________”等，使其______意義更明確。Lookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．→Whenitislookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．當(dāng)從遠處看時，這幅畫似乎更美了。時間時間when,while,until時間過去分詞作原因狀語2．過去分詞作_______狀語時，可轉(zhuǎn)換為由______________________引導(dǎo)的______狀語從句，這類狀語多放在句子的前半部分。Worriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．→BecauseIwasworriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．由于擔(dān)心考試，我這幾天感到不安。原因since,because或as原因過去分詞作伴隨狀語5．過去分詞作_______________狀語時，通常不能轉(zhuǎn)換為狀語從句，但可用_________________代替。Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse．→Thepatientgotoffthebed,andhewassupportedbythenurse．那個病人在護士的攙扶下下了床。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved．→Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved．她接受了禮物，深深地被感動了。并列分句方式或伴隨現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別邏輯關(guān)系(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作與句子主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的_______________________。Notknowingwhattodo，hewenttohisparentsforhelp.主謂關(guān)系/主動關(guān)系(2)過去分詞作狀語時，過去分詞所表示的動作與句子主語之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的______________________。Given

moreencouragement，theboycouldhavebeenbetter.動賓關(guān)系/被動關(guān)系系表結(jié)構(gòu)(3)部分過去分詞來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表示“被動關(guān)系”，其前不用being。常見的這種過去分詞及短語有：seated(坐著的)，lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)，bornin(出生于)，dressedin(穿著)，tiredof(厭煩了)等。

Absorbedin

hisbusiness,hehadlittletimetohavefunwithhislittledaughter.(beabsorbedin)__________（出生于）thisbeautifultown，hehatestoleaveit.Bornin有些過去分詞（短語）源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表動作而表狀態(tài)。bedressedin

穿著belostin

沉浸在bedevotedto

致力于besupposedto

應(yīng)該belocatedin

位于beburiedin

專心于becomparedwith與...相比beseated

位于；坐下

bepreparedfor

打算...bedeterminedtodo決定做betiredof

厭煩beabsorbedin

專心于be

born

in…

出生于beoccupiedin

忙于…V-ed與V-ing作表語的區(qū)別：用法3.V-ed與V-ing作表語的區(qū)別：Weare____________(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis____________(interest)

tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded__________(excite).過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。interestedinterestingexcitedexciting系表與被動的區(qū)別用法2.V-ed作表語，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別:V-ed作表語，強調(diào)主語的特點或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞被動語態(tài)中，句子主語是動作的承受者，后面常跟byEg：Thelibraryisnowclosed.圖書館現(xiàn)在關(guān)閉了。Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday．昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。(系表：狀態(tài))(被動：動作)1.___________(absorb)

indeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因為沉浸在思考之中,所以他沒聽到那個聲音。2._______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)AbsorbedDressedPractiseontextBookRewritethestoryusingpastparticiplesastheadverbial.TheSilverHallisusuallyusedforsingingperformancesandisfullofcheersandenergy.Usuallyusedforsingingperformances,theSilverHallisfullofcheersandenergy.EXAMPLEPractiseontextBook1.Henrywashighlyinterestedinmusicandbegantowriteoriginalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.Highlyinterestedinmusic,Henrybegantowriteoriginalcompositions...2.TheywerepleasedwithhismusicandsongsandfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.Pleasedwithhismusicandsongs,theyfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.PractiseontextBook3.Thoughhewasaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositionsandhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefandcureforhisillness.Thoughaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableof...4.Whenhegotabsorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould"see"thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.Absorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasif...PractiseontextBookTheroomhadbeenpaintedindarkcoloursDavewasunemployedThegirlwasmovedbyhisromanticwordsHewascorrectedbyhisteacherfromtimetotimeThealbumwasrecordedinanewwayHewasinvitedtoperformonthestagesohehadtimetoconsiderwhatjobhereallywanted.sohefeltnervousandexcited.soitwasexpectedtobepopularwithtechnofans.sosheacceptedhisgift.soitneededsomebrightlights.sohelostinterestinsinging.PractiseontextBookCompletethepassagewiththewordsinbracketsintheircorrectforms.Wellknownasasuccessfulband,theImpactmembersshowquiteafewstrikingqualities.Theyneverevergiveup.When__________(question)bythemedia,theyarenot____________(discourage)andpractiseevenharder.Theyareimprovingthemselvesbyattendingseveralmastertrainingclasses.Theyareunited.__________(fillwith)teamspirit,theyactasawhole,alwaysaimingforglory(榮耀).questioneddiscouragedFilledwithSummaryandPractice

過去分詞作狀語（修飾動詞）時,與主語之間存在著動賓關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語可表___________________________________________________________等情況。過去分詞作狀語時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨、背景或讓步1.作時間狀語(一般置于句首或句尾)_________(compare)with/tooursmallapartment/flat,ouruncle’shouseseemedlikeapalace._______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.

從山頂上看,體育場好像一個鳥巢。

Compare:_______(see)amouserunacrosstheroom,thegirlscreamedwithfear（害怕地尖叫）.

SeenSeeing(現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語)(過去分詞短語作時間狀語)Compared

Well___________(know)forhisexpert(專業(yè)的)advice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Compare:__________(know)Englishwell,hetranslatedthearticlewithoutmuchdifficulty.knownKnowing(過去分詞短語作原因狀語,beknownfor,省略be)(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語)時間狀語(When)_______(leave)aloneathome,theboymadealotoftrouble.(When)_________(leave)theairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.(過去分詞短語作時間狀語)Leaving(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語)Left2.作原因狀語(一般置于句首)___________(worry)aboutthejourney,

Iwasunsettled(不安的)forthefirstfewdays.Compare:_____________(feel/be)worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.WorriedFeeling/Being(過去分詞短語作原因狀語)(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語)beworriedabout，省略be3.原因狀語

Well___________(know)forhisexpert(專業(yè)的)advice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Compare:__________(know)Englishwell,hetranslatedthearticlewithoutmuchdifficulty.knownKnowing(過去分詞短語作原因狀語,beknownfor,省略be)(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語)4.作條件狀語(一般置于句首)______(give)anotherchance,hecoulddomuchbetter.(If)______(heat),waterchangesintosteam（蒸汽）.

Compare:(If)________(heat)water,youcanchangeitintosteam.Let'sDiscussandAnalyzeTogetherGivenHeatingheated(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作條件狀語)5.作方式、伴隨或背景狀語(置于句后)Harryjuststoodthere,_______(lose)inthought.Compare:Shelistenedtothemusic,_______(lose)herselfinitsbeauty.lostlosing(現(xiàn)在分詞短語伴隨作狀語)leftunderstanding(過去分詞短語作讓步狀語)(現(xiàn)在分詞短語伴讓步狀語)6.作讓步狀語(置于句首)

Although_______(leave)aloneathome,thelittlegirldidn’tfeelafraidatall.Compare:

Though___________(understand)noSpanish,shewasabletocommunicatewiththeotherstudents.區(qū)分謂語和非謂語謂語非謂語do/does/did一般態(tài)be+doing進行態(tài)have+done完成態(tài)doingV情+do情態(tài)動詞be+done被動語態(tài)donetodoTodo的用法解析todo將來/目的/臨時一次性1.名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級修飾時，其后要用動詞不定式。Shewasthefirstwoman

（win）thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.2.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代詞something，nothing后面常用不定式作后置定語。ButJanishastheabilityanddesire

(do)usefulwork.Istillhavesomething(eat).towintodotoeat3.當(dāng)名詞與定語之間存在動賓關(guān)系時。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetings__________.(join)Sheisaniceperson________________(getalongwith).togetalongwithtojoinDoing&Done現(xiàn)在分詞&過去分詞doing動名詞：確定/進行/長期現(xiàn)在分詞:動作正在進行與謂語動作同時進行現(xiàn)在分詞doing一般表__________/；過去分詞done一般表__________。動名詞doing表功能用途。readingroom,swimmingpool,washingmachine,waitingroom,walkingstick.doing&done1)Theman________(talk)toTimishisuncle.2)Haveyoureadthe

novel

_________(write)byDickens?3)Behindthelibraryis__________(swim)pool.主動/進行/用途被動/完成swimmingtalkingwritten現(xiàn)在分詞作定語1.LearningEnglishisverydifficult.2.Ienjoydancing.3.Ihavegotusedtolivinginthecountry.Hisjobisdrivingabus.LookattheExamplesdonevt:被動/完成vi:完成1.Pollutedriver.2.Givenmoretime,Icandomyworkbetter.3.I

found

mywatchstolen.主語謂語賓語賓補todoShegotupveryearly(inorder)tocatch

（catch）upthefirstbus.Irushedtotheairport,onlytofind

（find）thatJohnhadgone.

Wewereastonished（驚訝的）

tofind(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.doingThesecretary（秘書）workedlateintonight,preparing

(prepare)alongspeech.Working(work)

hard,

you’llmakerapidprogress

inyourEnglishlearning.doneSeen

(see)fromthehill,theparkseemsmorebeautiful.作狀語區(qū)分目的結(jié)果原因主動被動With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)來認(rèn)識一下withwith介詞和......一起e.g.HewenttoBeijingwithhisparents.

Thegirlstoodtheresilently,withtearsinhereyes.隨著、由于......后接賓語介詞+賓語介詞+賓語+賓語補足語GuessWhoIAM???AnalyzingExamplesTheysetupafootballteam,withTomtheirhead.with+賓語+名詞Withthewindowsopen,theroomwasverycold.With+賓語+形容詞Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson.with+賓語+副詞With

coming,theweatherbecomesveryhot.表示主動、進行with+賓語+V-ingwith+賓語+V-edWiththeworkdone,hefeltgreatlyrelieved.表示被動、完成Withsomuchworktodo