5種常見句子結(jié)構(gòu)課件

英語基礎(chǔ)語法復(fù)習(xí)

英語五種基本句型英語基礎(chǔ)語法復(fù)習(xí)英語五種基本句型1基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋謂）基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋謂＋表）基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋謂＋賓）基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)）

基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋謂）2句型1：Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)

此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思，這種句型中的動(dòng)詞大多是不及物動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞后不可以直接接賓語，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。常見的動(dòng)詞如：work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen等。如：1.Thesunwasshining.太陽在照耀著。2.Themoonrose.月亮升起了。3.Theuniverseremains.宇宙長(zhǎng)存。4.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.Whocares?管它呢？6.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系。7.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。8.Thepenwritessmoothly.這支筆書寫流利。Trytogivemesomeexampleswhicharethesamedrill.句型1：Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)

3句型2：Subject(主語)＋Link.V(系動(dòng)詞)

＋Predicate(表語)

此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞，這種句型主要用來表示主語的特點(diǎn)、身份等。其系動(dòng)詞一般可分為下列兩類：(1)表示狀態(tài)。這樣的詞有：be,look,seem,smell,taste,sound,keep等。如：1)Thiskindoffoodtastesdelicious.這種食物吃起來很可口。2)Helookedworriedjustnow.剛才他看上去有些焦急。3)Weshouldremainmodestatanytime.我們?cè)谌魏螘r(shí)候都應(yīng)該保持謙虛謹(jǐn)慎。4)Thiskindoffoodtastesterrible.。5)Thepicturelooksmorebeautiful

atacertaindistance.句型2：Subject(主語)＋Link.V(系動(dòng)詞42)表示變化。這類系動(dòng)詞有：become,turn,get,grow,go等。如：1)Springcomes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖和。2)Thetreehasgrownmuchtallerthanbefore.這棵樹比以前長(zhǎng)得高多了。3)Springcomes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖和。4)Don'thavethefood.Ithasgonebad.不要吃那種食物，已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了。5)Thefactsprovetrue.事實(shí)證明是正確的。2)表示變化。這類系動(dòng)詞有：become,turn,ge5Haveatry!請(qǐng)指出下列各句為哪種結(jié)構(gòu)：ＳＶ（主＋謂）或ＳＶＰ（主＋謂＋表）Warmupexercises:1.Theytalkedhappilyforalmostanhour.2.Theweatherhereisgettinghotterandhotter.3.Theplayerwassingingintheplaygroundthen.4.Thecityatnightlooksmorebeautiful.5.Thestudentsshouldkeepquietintheroom6.Thebreakfastcookedbymumhasgonebad.SVSVPSVSVPSVPSVPHaveatry!請(qǐng)指出下列各句為哪種結(jié)構(gòu)：SVSVPS6句型3：Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋Object(賓語)

這種句型中的動(dòng)詞一般為及物動(dòng)詞,所謂及物動(dòng)詞，就是這種動(dòng)詞后可以直接接賓語，其賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句等來充當(dāng)。此句型句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。例：1)Hetookhisbagandleft.（名詞）他拿著書包離開了。2)LiLeialwayshelpsmewhenIhavedifficulties.(代詞)當(dāng)我遇到困難時(shí)，李雷總能給我?guī)椭?)Sheplans

totravel

inthecomingMayDay.（不定式）她打算在即將到來的“五一”外出旅游。4)Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.(從句)我不知道下一步該干什么5)Shelostthechancetomakeherappearanceonthestage.她失去了在舞臺(tái)上露面的機(jī)會(huì)句型3：Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋7句型4：Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋I(xiàn)ndirectobject(間接賓語)＋Directobject(直接賓語)

此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。這種句型中，直接賓語為主要賓語，表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰做的或?yàn)檎l做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名詞來充當(dāng)；間接賓語也被稱之為第二賓語，去掉之后，對(duì)整個(gè)句子的影響不大，多由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔(dān)。引導(dǎo)這類雙賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有：buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send等。如：1)Herfatherboughtheradictionaryasabirthdaypresent.2)Theoldmanalways

tellsthechildrenstoriesabouttheheroesintheLongMarch.3)Yesterdayherfatherboughtherabicycleasabirthdaypresent..這種句型還可轉(zhuǎn)換為其他兩種句型：1)動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋forsb.；2)動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋tosb.。句型4：Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋I(xiàn)nd8ＳＶｏ（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）

1)Pleaseshowmeyourpicture.

=Pleaseshowyourpicturetome.請(qǐng)把你的畫給我看一下。2)I'llofferyouagoodchanceaslongasyoudontloseheart.=I'llofferagoodchanceforyouaslongasyoudon'tloseheart.又如：Hepassedmethewonderfulgiftyesterday.MyteachertaughtmeEnglishShecookedherhusbandadeliciousdinner.Mybrothertoldmehowtogettothestation.ＳＶｏ（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）

1)Pleases9句型5：Subject(主語)＋Verb(動(dòng)詞)＋Object(賓語)＋Complement(補(bǔ)語)

此句型的句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。這種句型中的“賓語＋補(bǔ)語”統(tǒng)稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。賓語補(bǔ)足語的主要作用或者是補(bǔ)充、說明賓語的特點(diǎn)、身份等；或者表示讓賓語去完成的動(dòng)作等。擔(dān)任補(bǔ)語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等。常見的動(dòng)詞有:tell,ask,advise,help,want,wouldlike,order,force,allow等。如：1）Youshouldkeeptheroom

cleanandtidy.

你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。（形容詞）2)Wemadehimourmonitor.(名詞)我們選他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。3)Hisfathertoldhimnottoplayinthestreet.(不定式)4）Myfatherlikestowatchtheboysplayingbasketball.(現(xiàn)在分詞)句型5：Subject(主語)＋Verb(動(dòng)詞)＋Obj10

注意：動(dòng)詞have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面所接的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)語態(tài)不帶to。如：

1)Thebossmadehimdotheworkallday.老板讓他整天做那項(xiàng)工作。2)Iheardhersing

inthenextroomallthetimelastnight.昨天晚上我聽見她在隔壁唱了一個(gè)晚上。但是使役動(dòng)詞(make,let)以及感官動(dòng)詞（see,hear,notice,feel,watch)被動(dòng)語態(tài)加上to.1)=Hewasmadetodotheworkbythebossallday.2)=Shewasheard

tosing

inthenextroomallthetimelastnight.

注意：動(dòng)詞have,make,let,see,he11Goforit,please!ＳＶＯＣ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)）1）Theykepttheroomclean.2)WeallcalltheboyTom.3)Ourteacheraskedustodomorningexercise.4)Theworkerpaintedthewallwhite.5)Isawhergettingonthebusjustnow.6)Whatmadethelittlegirlangry?Goforit,please!ＳＶＯＣ（主＋12Let’sgoEx1:(SV)1李明學(xué)習(xí)很努力。2.事故是昨天下午發(fā)生的。3春天就要來了.4我們住在這個(gè)城市已有關(guān)10年了.5學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)很努力。6她再次向我道歉。7事故是昨天晚上發(fā)生的。LiMingworksveryhard.TheaccidenthappenedyesterdayafternoonSpringiscoming.Wehavelivedinthecityfor

tenyearsThestudentsworkveryhard.Sheapologizedtomeagain.Theaccidenthappenedyesterdayevening.Let’sgoEx1:(SV)LiMingwo13Ex2:(SVP)1.這是本英漢辭典。2.午餐的氣味很好。3.他墮入了情網(wǎng)。4.一切看來都不同了。5.他長(zhǎng)得又高又壯。6.麻煩的是他們?nèi)鄙馘X。7.我們的井干枯了。8.他的臉紅了。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thedinnersmellsgood.Hefellinlove.Everythinglooksdifferent.

Heisgrowingtallandstrong.Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.Ourwell

hasgonedry.Hisfaceturnedred.Ex2:(SVP)1.這是本英漢辭典。Thisis14Ex3(SVO)1.誰知道答案？2.她微笑表示感謝。3.他拒絕幫他們的忙。4.他喜歡看書。5.他們吃了剩飯。6.他說：“早上好！7.我想喝杯茶。8.他承認(rèn)犯了錯(cuò)誤。Whoknowstheanswer?ShesmiledherthanksHeenjoysreadingTheyatewhatwasleftoverHehasrefusedtohelpthem.。Hesaid"Goodmorning."IwanttohaveacupofteaHeadmitsthathewasmistaken.Ex3(SVO)1.誰知道答案？Whoknowst15Ex4.(SVoO)1.她給自己定了一套新衣裳。2.她給丈夫煮了一頓美味的飯。3.他給你買了一本字典。4.他對(duì)她什么都不拒絕5.我給他看我的照片。6.我洗了我的汽車。7.我告訴他汽車晚點(diǎn)了。8.他教我開機(jī)器。Sheorderedherselfanewdress.。Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.Hebroughtyouadictionary.Herefusedhernothing.Ishowedhimmypictures.Igavemycarawash.Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.Ex4.(SVoO)1.她給自己定了一套新衣裳。She16Ex5(SVOC)1.他們請(qǐng)他當(dāng)經(jīng)理。2.他們把門漆成綠色。3.這使得他們要細(xì)想一想。4.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那房子空的。5.他怎么會(huì)這樣想？6.我們送他出去。7他要我早點(diǎn)回來。8.我看見他們上了那輛公共汽車。TheyakedhimtobemanagerTheypaintedthedoorgreen.ThismadethemthinkcarefullyTheyfoundthehouseemptyWhatmakeshimthinkso?Wesaw(showed/sent)him

out

Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.。Isawthemgettingonthebus.Ex5(SVOC)1.他們請(qǐng)他當(dāng)經(jīng)理。They17Continue!

Therebe句型(特殊倒裝句式）

此句型是由there+be+主語+狀語構(gòu)成，用以表達(dá)存在有，一種無主語的有。它其實(shí)是倒裝的一種情況，主語位于謂語動(dòng)詞be之后，there僅為引導(dǎo)詞，并無實(shí)際語。Be與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致，有時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如，現(xiàn)在有thereis/are…

過去有therewas/were…將來有therewillbe…/thereis/aregoingtobe...現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有therehas/havebeen…可能有theremightbe...肯定有theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...過去一直有thereusedtobe…似乎有thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有therehappen/happens/happenedtobe…此句型有時(shí)不用be動(dòng)詞，而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive,等。

Continue!Therebe句型18Ex6:Therebe1.今晚沒有會(huì)。2.這個(gè)村子過去只有一口井。3.這個(gè)學(xué)校有一名音樂老師和一名美術(shù)老師4.客人當(dāng)中有兩名美國(guó)人和兩名法國(guó)人。5.天氣預(yù)報(bào)說下午有大風(fēng)。6.辦公室里肯定有人7.恰好那時(shí)房里沒人。8.在那邊的樹下可能有蛇。Thereisn’tgoingtobeameetingtonightTherewasonlyawellinthevillageThereisateacherofmusicandateacherofartintheschool.AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindin

theafternoon.Theremustbesomeoneiontheoffice.Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.

TheremaybeasnakeunderthattreeEx6:Therebe1.今晚沒有會(huì)。There19Let’sgo…2．不定式作表語1.Herworkis______(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsinghuaUniversity.3.Sheseemed______(think)abouttheproblem.4.Theyappeared_____(agree)withwhatwesaid.不定式作表語時(shí)可以和主語部分調(diào)換。Let’sgo…2．不定式作表語20Continue:3．不定式作賓語：有些及物動(dòng)詞常用不定式作賓語。常見的動(dòng)詞有：want,demand,like,hate,hope,begin,seem,fail,help,offer,manage,pretend,forget,remember,promise,prepare,learn,expect,agree,determine,prefer,intend,etc.Continue:3．不定式作賓語：21Haveatry:Theywanted______(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?Hesaidhewished——(be)aprofessor.Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)whenshewasinhertwenties.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand.Haveatry:Theywanted______(22Goon,please!

4.不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語A)1.Ididn’twantmyparents______(help)me.2.We’dpreferyou_______(take)thejobinsteadofZhang.3.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom______(clean).4.Myparentsexpectme_______(go)toaidealuniversity.5.Joanpromisedthedinner______(cook)beforewereturned.6.Thedoctoradvisedthepatient______(take)twopillseveryfourhours.7.Hedeterminedme_______(tell)everything.Goon,please!4.不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語23Goon,please!B)Whomflnssbdosth.(watch,have(使)hear,observe,make,feel,listen(to),let,notice,seeetc.+sb+動(dòng)詞原形+sth+doneGoon,please!B)Whomflnssb24Testyourself:Wecan’tletthis______(go)on.Iwillnotletmychildren______(treat)inthatway.Johnmadehim______(tell)everything.Thetwoboysweresorryindeedtoseehim______(go).Wefeltthehouse______(shake)intheearthquake.Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______(talk)?Haveyoueverheardhim______(tell)alie?Whowouldyouliketohave______(go)?Whowouldyouliketohave______(go)with?Whatsongdidyouhear______(sing)?Wesawthehouse______(burn)tothegroundwhenwereachedthere.Testyourself:Wecan’tletthi25Continue:5.不定式作定語Changethefollowingintoinfinitives.Hewasthefirstpersonthatcametotheclassroomthismorning.TheonlythingthatIwanttogetisthediamondnecklace.Everythingthatisdoneneedspraising.Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosay?Herearesomebooksthatyoucanread.Continue:5.不定式作定語26Goon,please!6.不定式作狀語。狀語的形式很多，有目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件、讓步、比較、方式、伴隨等，但目的、結(jié)果要用不定式。Goon,please!6.不定式作狀語。27Continue:A)Substitution:Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbustothetown.Hegotupearly_______________catchthefirstbus.WemustworkhardatEnglishinorderthatwecancontactforeignersfreely.WemustworkhardatEnglish______________contactforeignersfreely.Hewassofrightenedthathecouldhardlysayanything.Hewas______frightened_______sayanything.Hewas______brave____________sayanything.Hewassoyoungthathecouldgotoschool.Hewas_____late_____gotoschool.Hewasnot________________gotoschool.Continue:A)Substitution:28B)1.______(save)thebadlysicklady,thedoctorhadanoperationonher.2.Hehurriedtothestationonly_____(find)thetrainleft.B)1.______(save)thebadly29動(dòng)名詞1．動(dòng)名詞作主語A)1.______(die)forpeopleisagloriousthing.2.______(talk)withhimisagreatpleasure.3.______(help)othersisourduty.4.______(see)istobelieve.5.______(seat)atthebackoftheclassroommadethestudentssurprised.動(dòng)名詞30it作形式主語時(shí)，可用動(dòng)詞不定式，但下列巨型常用動(dòng)名詞：Itis+nogood(nouse,fun,apleasure,awasteoftime)+doing…Thereisno+doing….如：It’snouse______(sit)herewaiting.Thereisno______(say)whatwillhappennext.Isitanygood______(tell)himthetruthrightnow.it作形式主語時(shí)，可用動(dòng)詞不定式，但下列巨型常用動(dòng)名詞：31

不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別：不定式作主語時(shí)經(jīng)常表示具體動(dòng)作，而動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)經(jīng)常表示抽象動(dòng)作：It’snogoodeatingtoomuchfat.It’snotgoodforyoutoeatsomuchfat.不定式與動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別：32B)關(guān)于邏輯主語的問題1.______tothemeetingsurprisedalloftheboards.A.MikecomingB.MikecameC.MikecomingD.Mike’scoming2.It’snouse_______thatyoudidn’tknowtherules.A.youpretendB.youpretendingC.yourpretendingD.yourpretendChangethefollowingintothesimplesentences.ThatPeterdidn’tattendthemeetingmadeitputoff.B)關(guān)于邏輯主語的問題332．動(dòng)名詞作表語1.Herworkis______(look)afterthechildren.2.Myaimis______(go)toTsinghuaUniversity.3.Oneofmybadhabitis______(bite)nails（指甲）.2．動(dòng)名詞作表語343．動(dòng)名詞作賓語Mecafps+doing(mind,miss,excuse,enjoy,escapeconsider,admit(承認(rèn))advise,appreciate=enjoy,avoid,finish,practise,suggest,stop)delay,imagine,include,keep,quit,resist,risk,understand,beusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,payattentionto,etc.以及介詞后接動(dòng)名詞doing3．動(dòng)名詞作賓語35Hewasinlowspiritsandevenconsider_____(go)away.Practise_____(put)yourhandtotheground.Ican’thelp______(have)thetriptoBritain.Don’ttellmeyoualwaysescape_____(fine)becauseyouhaveafastsportscar.Leaveoff______(bite)yournails!Hedidn’tfeellike______(work),sohesuggested_____(spend)thedayinthegarden.Youcertainlymustn’tmiss_______(see)thewonderfulfilm.5種常見句子結(jié)構(gòu)ppt課件36Thedoctoradvised______(stay)longerinhospital.Icouldn’timaginethat______(be)possible.Weappreciateyour______(want)______(help)usinourdifficulties.Wecan’tstand______(pooh-pooh)everynewidea.Michaelhasdelayed______(write)tohertilltoday.Thedoctoradvised______(sta37Thelawforbids______(sell)liquortochildren.Theyallsuggested______(give)morechances.Canyouimagine______(leave)standingoutsideforawholenight.Theybuiltthebankstopreventtheareafrom______(flood).Womendomind______(smoke)bymen.Thelawforbids______(sell)38動(dòng)名詞與不定式的不同含義：beafraidtodo不敢、害怕、膽怯去做某事beafraidofdoing擔(dān)心、恐怕出現(xiàn)Shewasafraid______(wake)herhusbandup,forhehadbadtemper.Shewasafraid______(ofwake)herhusband,forhewasill.動(dòng)名詞與不定式的不同含義：39

2)forgettodosth.忘記去做某事（未做）forgetdoingsth.忘記做過了某事（已做）Thelightintheofficeisoff.Itwasshewhoturneditoff,butsheherselfforgot_______(turn)itoff.Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Sheforgot______(turn)itoff.2)forgettodosth.忘記去做某事（未403)remembertodosth.記著去做某事（未做）rememberdoingsth.記著做了某事（已做）Doyouremember______(meet)meatapartylastyear?Youmustremember______(leave)tomorrow.3)remembertodosth.記著去做某事（未414)stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.5)regrettodosth.regretdoingsth.Iregret_____(go)tohishometown.Iregret_____(tell)youthetruth.4)stoptodosth.426)trytodosth.trydoingsth.Youmusttry_____(do)itagain.Let’stry_____(do)theworkinsomeotherway.6)trytodosth.437)meantodosth.meandoingsth.Ifitmeans_____(delay)morethanaweek,I’llnotwait.Imean_____(go),andnothingcanstopme.8)goontodosth.goondoingsth.7)meantodosth.449)like/love/start/begin/hate/continuetodosth.doingsth.10)Sth.wnat/require/needtobedonedoing.Thetempleneeds____(rebuild).Thechildrenrequire____(educate).9)like/love/start/begin/hate/45動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)則是：1.邏輯主語是有生命的名詞：作主語時(shí)，須用名詞或代詞所有格；作賓語時(shí)，也可用普通格或人稱代詞賓格。Tom’s(His)comingiswhatwehaveexpected.Shedidn’tmindJack/Jack’s(him/his)cominghere.動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的一般規(guī)則是：462.邏輯主語是無生命名詞時(shí)，只用普通格。Isthereanyhopeofourwinningthematch?3.邏輯主語是指示代詞或不定代詞this,that,somebody,someone,nobody,none,anybody,anyone時(shí)，只用普通格。Shewasdisturbedbysomebodyshoutingoutside.2.邏輯主語是無生命名詞時(shí)，只用普通格。47Comparethis:11)canithelpdoingsth.can’thelpdosth.can’thelpbutdosth.不能不，忍不住1.Icouldn’thelp___(think)ofmychildhoodwhenIsawthepicture.2.I’msorryIcan’thelp___(lend)youthemoney,forI’mshortofitnowadays.3.Ican’thelpbut___(cry).Comparethis:11)canithelpdoi489)permit,allow,advise,consider,admitdoingsth.sb./whtodosth.1.Doyouconsider_____(buy)thiskindofbook?2.Isheconsidered_____(take)thisposition?3.Isheconsidered_____(send)toworkinTibet?9)permit,allow,advise,cons49分詞分詞：分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞、副詞。作表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語。分詞可分為現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞。一般式完成式現(xiàn)在分詞doinghavingdonehavingbeendone過去分詞done分詞501）分詞與動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)的區(qū)別：1.Ourplanis______(finish)thetaskbeforeMay.2.Tom’sjobwas______(guard)thefactory.3.Hislectureis______(interest),whichmadeus______(interest).4.Thesituationis______(encourage).1）分詞與動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)的區(qū)別：512)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別：分詞與邏輯主語（即句子主語）關(guān)系來決定分詞的語態(tài)，主語能發(fā)出分詞的動(dòng)作用主動(dòng)doing/havingdone，不能發(fā)出分詞的動(dòng)作用被動(dòng)done/havingbeendong。分詞的動(dòng)作如發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之后doing(用一般式)，如發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，(用完成式)havingdone。2)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別：52A)1._____(see)thosepicture,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinYan’an.2._____(turn)round,Fannyfoundanambulancedrivingup.3_____(water)thevegetables,theybegantopickuptheapples.4._____(finish)thework,hewentbackhomeonfoot.5._____(inspire)byDr.Chen’sspeech,theydecidedtostudymathsharder.6._____(persuade)byhermother,shegladlywenttherealone.A)537.Warmly_____(praise)forhiswork,hewastooexcitedtofallasleep.8._____(arrive)atthestation,wefoundthetraingone.9._____(send)thechildtobed,shebegantocorrectthepupils’exercises.10._____(surround),theenemyfoundnowheretohideandhadtogiveup.11.Once_____(arm),weareafraidofnothing.12.While_____(cross)thestreet,lookoutforcars.7.Warmly_____(praise)forh5413.When_____(walk)inthepark,Mathildemetwithheroldfriend.14.While_____(criticize),shecried.15.Shecameearlierthan_____(expect).16.Everythinggoeswellas_____(plan).17.Shestillmadethesamemistakesthough____(tell)severaltimes.18.____(give)moretime,wearesuretodoitbetter.13.When_____(walk)inthep5519.Thedoctordideverythinghecould_____(save)thepatient.20._____(improve)hisEnglish,WangLingworksmuchharder.19.Thedoctordideverythingh56作目的、結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別：21.LiMingworkshard_____(pass)theexams.22.LiMingworkshard_____(try)topasstheexams.23.Hereturnedhome_____(find)thehousebrokeninto.24.Hisfatherdied,_____(leave)himnothingbutdebts.作目的、結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別：5725.Footballisplayedoveracentury,_____(make)itpopular.26.Beessuckhoneyintotheirstomachs,____(get)thickerandthicker.判斷下列對(duì)或錯(cuò)：1.Seeingfromthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.2.Havinghaddinner,thedisheswerewashed.3.Leavingathome,thelittlegirlfeltmuchafraid.25.Footballisplayedovera58一些獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Generally_____(speak),wehavelearntalotinthisschool.2._____(judge)fromhisappearance,heissomebody.3._____(tell)youthetruth,yourworkisterrible.一些獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：59將上列1-18句分詞部分改成從句：B)伴隨狀語1.Theboylayinbed,_____(listen)tomusic.2.It’sabadhabittotalktoothers,____(look)aside.3.Theprofessorenteredtheroom,_____(follow)byhisassistants.4.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalk,____(add)thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.5.Theboystoodinfrontoftheteacher,_____(criticize).將上列1-18句分詞部分改成從句：60

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（所謂獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，分詞的邏輯主語不是句子主語，而是有自己的邏輯主語時(shí)，叫獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。）A)1.Today____(be)Sunday,thelibrarydoesn’topen.2.There_____(be)nobuses,wehadtowalkhome.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)613.Thesignal_____(give),thebusstarted.4.Weather____(permit),we’llvisittheGreatWall.5.AteacherfromEngland____(teach)usEnglish,we’resuretolearnitwell.B)6.Withhim____(give)usalead,ourteamistowin.7.Withtheworker____(lead),theYoungPioneerswentthroughtheforestandstartedtowardsthemountainvillage.3.Thesignal_____(give),t628.Manypeoplespokealoudinfrontofourclassroom,withnobody____(stop)them.9.Hewaslookingatthescreenagain,withthemachine____(turn)on.10.Thegirlfeltuneasywiththewholeclass_____(stare)ather.11.N