山西省2020屆高三3月在線公益聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精山西省2020屆高三3月在線公益聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題含解析3月在線公益聯(lián)考高三英語(yǔ)考生注意:1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿(mǎn)分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2。答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0。5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。3。考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效.。4.本卷命題范圍:高考范圍。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7。5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1。Whatdidthemandolastnight？A.Heattendedaconcert。B。Hedidhisresearchproject。C.HemetLilyandthewoman.2。Whatwillthespeakersdonext?ASendoutinvitations.B。Planthemenu.C.Makeareservation.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？A.Ataparkinglot.B.Inahotel。C。Inarestaurant。4。Whyisthewomanangrywithherson？A。Hegotalowmark.B.Hedidn’tlikephysics.C.Hecheatedintheexam。.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A。Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent。第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1。5分，滿(mǎn)分22。5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6Whathappenedtotheman?A。Helosthisumbrella.B。Hefoundsomeanimals。C。Hewascaughtinaheavyrain.7。Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo？A。Seeadoctor。B。Takeahotshower。C.Getpreparedforexaminations.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.What’sthematterwithPeter’sfather?A.Hehasaheartattack。B。Hehasalungproblem。C。Hehastosupportthefamily.9.WhenwillPeter'ssistergraduatefromcollege？A.Intwoyears.B。Infouryears.C。Insixyears.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10。Whenwillthenationalfoodsafetyconferenceend？A.OnOctober29th.B.OnNovember7th.C.OnNovember10th.11。HowmanypeoplewillattendMr.Patric’sconference?A.About300。B。About350.C。About400。12。WhatwillMr.Patricusethesmallerroomsfor?A.Children’seducation.B。Groupdiscussions.C。Studentprojects.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howistheweather？A.Cloudy.B.Sunny。C.Rainy。14。Wheredoesthemanhavetogo?A。Abeach。B.Astore.C。Asubwaystation.15。Whatdoesthemanneedtobuy?A。Acomputer。B。Asoftware.C.Asmartphone.16.WherecanthespeakersfindanApplewatch?A。Onthefirstfloor。B。Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthethirdfloor.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhereisEasterIsland？A.TothesouthofmainlandChile.B.TotheeastofmainlandChile.C。TothewestofmainlandChile。18。WhenwasEasterIslanddiscovered?A。In1722。B。In1786。C。In1888。19.WhatisthemostamazingsightonEasterIsland？A。Thestonestatues.B.Thetreerails.C。Theancientstonetools。20。WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheEasterIsland?A.TherewerefewtreesontheEasterIsland.B。Peoplehaveshowntoomuchinterestinthenatives’history.C.MostofthePolynesiansontheIslandhavelosttheiridentity.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng).AOftentravelbyair？Whatdoyouthinkoftheservicesontheplane?Herearesomeofthetopmostcomfortableandluxurious(奢華的)airportsintheworld.SingaporeChangiAirport（SIN）Thisairporthaswonthetitleoftheworld’sbestairportforthe6thyearinarow！Theairportisworldfamousforitsbeautifularchitecture，indoorwaterfalls，andbutterflygarden。Free24-hourmovietheatreandaswimmingpoolaresomeofwhatmakesChangiAirportthebestluxuriousspa.Openairrestaurantsandfreetoursaroundtheairportmakeyourstopover/stopfun。SeoulIncheonInternationalAirport（ICN）Seoul’sIncheonisalwaysappealingandisoneofthebusiestairportsintheworld.LocatedonanislandinSouthKorea，IncheonAirporthasaKoreanculturemuseumandfeatures（以……為特色）culturalperformancesthroughouttheday.SpaciousVIPlounges(休息室），indoorskatingrinkandbeautifulspas,authentic,localcuisineoptions.TokyoHanedaInternationalAirport(HND）OneofthetwomajorairportsofTokyo，Japan,HanedaisonlyafewmilesfromJapan’scapital。Whilebeingoneofthebusiestairportsintheworld，Hanedaisofthecleanestandmostefficient.CrosstheHanedaBridgetofeellikeyou’reinEdo。Visitthe“AviationShrine”forspiritualhealing（治療）andprayingifyouhavetime!HongKongInternationalAirport（HKG)HometoCathayPacificAirlines—atop-ratedairline.FastconnectionsfromthecityviaAirportExpressthattakesyoutotheairportinjust24minutes!First—classlounges，naprooms,andanIMAXtheatre,HKGevenhasitsowntop—ratedhotelcalledtheRegalAirportHotel.1.WhatcanweknowaboutSIN？A。ItisfamousforAviationShrine。B.Itisthebusiestairportintheworld.C.Ithasbeentitledtheworld’sbestairportfor6years.D。Itisaperfectplaceforenjoyingculturalperformances。2。WhatcantravellersdoatICN?A.Skateandswim。 B。Enjoylocalfood.C.WatchanIMAXfilm. D。Appreciateitsbutterflygardon。3。WhatmakesHKGdifferentfromtheotherthreeairports?A.Itslounge. B.Itsmovietheatre。C。Itsownhotel。 D。Itsspa。【答案】1.C2。B3。C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了世界上最受歡迎的幾家航空公司?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)SingaporeChangiAirport(SIN）部分中Thisairporthaswonthetitleoftheworld’sbestairportforthe6thearinarow！（這個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)連續(xù)第6次獲得世界最佳機(jī)場(chǎng)的稱(chēng)號(hào)！)可知,新加坡樟宜機(jī)場(chǎng)連續(xù)6年贏得世界最佳機(jī)場(chǎng)的稱(chēng)號(hào).故選C.【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeoulIncheonInternationalAirport(ICN）部分中SpaciousVIPlounges（休息室），indoorskatingrinkandbeautifulspas，authentic，localcuisineoptions.(寬敞的貴賓休息室，室內(nèi)溜冰場(chǎng)和美麗的溫泉，正宗的地方美食的選擇)可知，當(dāng)你在ICN(仁川國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng))候機(jī)時(shí),可以享受當(dāng)?shù)孛朗?。故選B。3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HongKongInternationalAirport（HKG)部分中HKGevenhastheirowntop—ratedluxuryhotelcalledtheRegalAirportHotel.可知，HKG(香港國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng))甚至擁有自己的頂級(jí)豪華的酒店——香港富豪機(jī)場(chǎng)酒店，而其他機(jī)場(chǎng)均未提到有自己的酒店。故選C。BThere'snodoubtthatoneofthegreatesthumanachievementsistheexplorationofthespace.EversinceastronautYuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersontobesentintotheorbitaroundthemoonin1961,scientistshavebeenpushingtheboundariesfurtherandfurther.Butuntilnowtheexplorationintotheunknownhasbeendominated(主導(dǎo))bymen。Ofcourse,inthepast,womenwerealsoincludedinthespaceprojectsandplayedanactiveroleonthegroundandbehindthescenes。Forexample，theyworkedasseamstresses（女裁縫師），sewingvitalspaceflightcomponents。Infact,manyofNASA’skeyworkswouldneverhavebeenpossiblewithoutthem。RecentlyHollywoodproducedamoviecalledHiddenFigurestofocusonagroupofAmericanfemalemathematicians，especiallytheblackwomen，whohelpedNASAsendthefirstAmericanintospace。Butthiswasnotwomen’sonlycontribution.Backin1963，SovietastronautValentinaTereshkovabecamethefirstwomantobesentintospace。However，afterthat,spaceflightprogramswereslowtoemploywomen.IntheUSA。NASAdidn’tacceptapplicationsfromwomentobecomeastronautsuntil1978.ButattitudeshavechangedandleadingofficialsatNASAsaythatthefirstpersontosetfootonMarsshouldbeawoman.Thespaceagencyaimstohaveasex-balancedworkforcebutcanonlyachievethatifequalnumbersofmenandwomenaretrainedforscienceandtechnologyjobs。AsAllisonMcIntryretoldtheBBC，“Mydirectorisawoman.Wehavefemaleastronauts.Wehaven’tputawomanonthemoonyet.AndIthinkthatperhapsthefirstpersontosteponMarsshouldbeawoman?！?。WhatdidYuriGagarindoin1961？A。Helandedonthemooninsuccess。B.Hediscoveredmanynewboundaries。C.Heledscientiststoexplorethemoon。D。Hemadethefirstjourneyintothespace.5。WhydoestheauthormentionthefilmHiddenFigures？A。ToshowwomenarethetrueheroesofNASA’sfirstlaunch.B。TostressthatblackpeoplehavewonequalrightsinNASA.C。ToprovewomencandoaswellasmeninNASA’projects。D。Topresentwomen’scontributionstoNASA’sspaceprograms。6.WhatisAllisonMcIntryre’sattitudetowardwomenastronauts?A。Uncaring。 B.Disapproving.C。Supportive. D。Disappointed。7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A。WilltheFirstPersontoSteponMarsBeaWoman？B.GreatAchievementsHaveBeenMadeinSpaceExploration？C。WhyMenPlayedanImportantRoleinExploringtheUnknown?D.MenandWomenHaveMadeEqualContributionstoNASA'sProjects？【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【解析】本文是一篇議論文。雖然太空探索迄今為止主要由男性主導(dǎo)，但是女性也一直在默默地發(fā)揮著重要作用。NASA也準(zhǔn)備讓女性在太空探索中走向前臺(tái)，女性甚至可能成為登陸火星的第一人?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段中的EversinceastronautYuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersontobesentintotheorbitaroundthemoonin1961，scientistshavebeenpushingtheboundariesfurtherandfurther。（自從1961年宇航員尤里·加加林成為第一個(gè)進(jìn)入月球軌道的人以來(lái),科學(xué)家們就一直在不斷地突破這一極限）可知，1961年，尤里加加林成為第一個(gè)完成太空旅行的人.故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段中的Infact，manyofNASA’skeyworkswouldneverhavebeenpossiblewithoutthem。（事實(shí)上,如果沒(méi)有她們,NASA的許多重要工作都是不可能完成的）然后舉例RecentlyHollywoodproducedamoviecalledHiddenFigurestofocusonagroupofAmericanfemalemathematicians，especiallytheblackwomen,whohelpedNASAsendthefirstAmericanintospace。（最近，好萊塢制作了一部名為《隱藏的數(shù)字》的電影，講述一群美國(guó)女?dāng)?shù)學(xué)家的故事,尤其是黑人女性，她們幫助美國(guó)宇航局將第一位美國(guó)人送入太空)可知,作者提到《隱藏人物》這部電影是為了舉例說(shuō)明在太空探索這一領(lǐng)域，女性曾做出過(guò)重大貢獻(xiàn)。故選D.【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Mydirectorisawoman.Wehavefemaleastronauts。Wehaven’tputawomanonthemoonyet。AndIthinkthatperhapsthefirstpersontosteponmarsshouldbeawoman.（我的主管是位女士。我們有女宇航員.我們還沒(méi)有把女人送上月球.我認(rèn)為第一個(gè)踏上火星的人應(yīng)該是女人）可知，AllisonMclntyre不但認(rèn)可自己的女性上司,也支持女性成為第一個(gè)登上火星的人.A.Uncaring。不關(guān)心的；B.Disapproving.不同意;C.Supportive。支持的;D.Disappointed.失望的。故選C.【7題詳解】主旨大意題.根據(jù)全文、尤其是最后一段ButattitudeshavechangedandleadingofficialsatNASasaythatthefirstpersontosetfootonMarsshouldbeawoman.Thespaceagencyaimstohaveasex—balancedworkforcebutcanonlyachievethatifequalnumbersofmenandwomenaretrainedforscienceandtechnologyjobs。（但人們的態(tài)度已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化，美國(guó)宇航局的主要官員表示,第一個(gè)踏上火星的人應(yīng)該是一名女性。航天局的目標(biāo)是建立一個(gè)性別平衡的勞動(dòng)力隊(duì)伍，但只有在同等數(shù)量的男性和女性接受過(guò)科學(xué)技術(shù)工作培訓(xùn)的情況下才能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)）可知,盡管NASA官員已經(jīng)表態(tài)希望女性成為登陸火星的第一人，但是由于女性在接受相關(guān)科技教育等方面存在的問(wèn)題，NASA宣示的目標(biāo)能否實(shí)現(xiàn)還是一個(gè)未知數(shù).由此可知，A。WilltheFirstPersontoSteponMarsBeaWoman？（第一個(gè)登上火星的人會(huì)是女人嗎？）適合做本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。CWhatdoyoudoattheendofthedaywhenyourefinishedwithwork？Howyouspendyourfreetimecanhaveabigimpact(影響）onyourmentalhealth，Hobbiescanhelpyourelaxandeasepent-up(郁結(jié)的）stresscausedbyallthattimeintheofficeorinfrontofthecomputer。But，interestingly，howyouspendyourfreetimecanalsoimpactyourworkperformance.ResearchersattheUniversityofSheffield’sInstituteofWorkPsychologyintheUKfoundthatdevelopinghobbiescandevelopyourconfidenceabouthowwellyouperformyourjob.Butyourhobbyhastobesignificantlydifferentfromwhatyoudofrom9-to-5work.Tostudytheconnectionbetweenworkandleisure(休閑)activities，researchersemployed129peoplewhoworkedandwereactiveinhobbieslikerockclimbing,musicaltheaterandsinging。Theyhadthemcompletesurveystoseehowseriousandcommittedtheyweretotheirhobbiesandhowdemandingtheirjobswere.Then,eachmonthforsevenmonths，participantswereaskedhowmanyhourstheyspentontheirhobbiesandhowtheyratedtheirabilitytoperformatwork.Researchersfoundthatifpeoplehavehobbiessimilartowhattheydoatworkandthattheydoinanintense(強(qiáng)烈的）way,theironthejobconfidencecansuffer.It’slikelybecausetheirworkandleisuretimehavethesamementalandphysicaldemands,sothey’realwaysfeelingdrained。Incontrast，peoplewhohavehobbiesdifferentfromtheirworkarehappierandhealthier。Thisisalsotrueofthosewhochooseasimilarhobbybutonlyparticipateinalightheartedway.Thoseplayfulrecreationsactasabarrierbetweentheirprofessionalandpersonallives，givingthemresttimeto“rechargetheirbatteries”，theresearcherssay。“Whenwefeellikewehavetheconfidencetohandlechallengesinourjobs。we’remorelikelytobeabletobuildasustainable（可持續(xù)的)jobandremainhealthy，productive，happyandemployableoverourlifetimes.It’simportanttoconsiderhowourleisureactivitiesmightplayaroleinthatprocess,"leadresearcherCiaraKellysaidinastatement。8。Whycanyourhobbyimproveyourmentalhealth?A。Ithelpsyoutorecoverfromyourstress。 B.Itsurelyimproveyourphysicalstrength.C.Itenablesyoutobehavemoreactively。 D。Itincreasesyourwillingnesstoworkhard.9.Whichofthefollowingisadvisedaccordingtoparagraph2?A。Abasketballcoachgoesrunning. B.Awriterkeepsadiaryeveryday。C。AnegamedevelopersurfstheInternet。 D.Adoctorsometimesclimbsrocks.10。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drained”inparagraph4probablymean?A。Worried。 B。Tired。C。Unconfident. D.Disappointed.11.Howcanpeoplebenefitfromhobbiessimilartotheirwork？A。Takethemseriously。 B.Setstrictschedulesforthem。C.Participateinthemjustforfun。 D.Developthemintotheirbusiness.【答案】8。A9.D10.B11。C【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。英國(guó)謝菲爾德大學(xué)工作心理學(xué)研究所的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),追求愛(ài)好可以增強(qiáng)你對(duì)自己工作表現(xiàn)的信心，但你的愛(ài)好必須與你朝九晚五的工作有顯著的不同。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Howyouspendyourfreetimecanhaveabigimpact(影響)onyourmentalhealth。Hobbiescanhelpyourelaxandeasepent-up（郁結(jié)的)stresscausedbyallthattimeintheofficeorinfrontofthecomputer。(你如何度過(guò)空閑時(shí)間對(duì)你的精神健康有很大的影響.業(yè)余愛(ài)好可以幫助你放松，緩解由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在辦公室或電腦前而壓抑的壓力）可知,愛(ài)好可以提升一個(gè)人的精神健康,其原因在于它能幫助人放松,并緩解郁結(jié)的壓力,從工作壓力中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。故選A.【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Butyourhobbyhastobesignificantlydifferentfromwhatyoudofrom9—to-5work.(但是你的愛(ài)好必須和你朝九晚五的工作有很大的不同)可知，D選項(xiàng)符合題意，醫(yī)生有時(shí)去攀巖是符合研究結(jié)果的，因?yàn)榕蕩r這一興趣與其醫(yī)生工作差異最明顯。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段可知,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),如果人們的愛(ài)好與工作中所做的事情相似，并以一種強(qiáng)烈的方式追求，那么他們對(duì)工作的信心就會(huì)受到影響。這可能是因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ骱托蓍e時(shí)間有相同的精神和身體需求，所以他們總是感到筋疲力盡.因此drained的意思與Tired的意思一致。故選B.【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的Thisisalsotrueofthosewhochooseasimilarhobbybutonlyparticipateinalightheartedway。（這也適用于那些選擇類(lèi)似的愛(ài)好,但只以輕松的方式參與的人）可知,人們?nèi)粝霃呐c工作相似的愛(ài)好中獲益的話最好以一種輕松的方式對(duì)待。因此選項(xiàng)C。Participateinthemjustforfun.(以?shī)蕵?lè)為目的參與自己喜歡的活動(dòng))符合題意。故選C.DAnewstudyfoundevidencethatdosdevelopedinphysicalwaystopresent“l(fā)ovelydogeyes”asawaytoconnectwithhumans.Thestudycomparedthefacialmuscles(肌肉)ofdogsandwolves,whichshareancestralhistory.Dogsbrokeofffromwolvesafterbeingdomesticated(馴化）about33,0000yearsago。Duringthattimedogschangedphysicallyandbehaviorallytofitlifewithhumans。Theresearchersexaminedtheheadsofsixdogsandtwowolvesforcomparison.Theyfoundthefacialstructureofbothanimalswasmostlyverysimilar.Butonemajordifferencewasfoundabovetheeyes.Thedogswerefoundtohavetwowell-formedmusclesaroundtheeyethatwerenotpresentinthewolves.Thesesmallmusclespermitdogstoraisetheirinnereyebrows,thestudyfound。JulianeKaminski,acomparativepsychologistfromtheresearchsuggeststhiseyebrow-risingmovementcauses“awarm"feelingsinhumansbecauseitmakesthedogs’eyesappearlarger。Thisexpressionsalsomakesthedoglomorelikeahumanbaby。Theeyemovementissimilartothatwhichhumansmakewhentheyaresad.“Theevidenceisveryobviousthatdogsdevelopedamuscletoraisetheinnereyebrowsaftertheyweredomesticatedfromwolves，”Kaminskisaid。Inaseparatepartofthestudy，theresearchersobservedhow27dogsandninewolvesinteractedwithahuman.“Wealsostudieddogs’andwolves’behavior.Andwhenexposedtoahumanfortwominutes，dogsraisedtheirinnereyebrowsmoreandhigherthanwolves,”Kaminskisaid。Theresearcherssuggestthattheeyemovementsdevelopedovertimeasawayfordogstogethumanstodothingsforthem,suchasgivingthenfood，careorattention.TheonlydogspeciesinthestudythatdidnothavethemuscleswastheSiberianhusky,whichisanancientkindofdog.Thehuskycouldbethebestlivingexampleofwhatthelinkbetweendogsandwolveslookedlike。Kaminskisaidthemainlimitationofthestudywasthesmallnumberofdogsandwolvesused。Thismeansfurtherstudywillberequiredandshouldincludeotherancientdogspecies。Theworkcouldalsobeextended10otheranimalswithwhichhumanshavedevelopedcloserelationships，includinghorsesandcats.12.Whatisthedifferencefoundbetweendogsandwolves？A.Dogshavebiggereyes.B.Theyhavedifferentancestors.C。Theyhaveeasilydistinguishablefaces.D.Dogshaveadditionalmusclesaroundtheeyes.13。WhatdosJulianeKaminskimostprobablysuggestinparagraph4?A.Dogshavedevelopedinordertogetalongwithhumans。B。Dogshavelearnedfacialexpressionsfromhumanbabies。C.Dogsareintentionallyraisingtheireyebrowstopleasehumans。D。Dogshavechangedtheirbehaviorstogetfoodfromhumans.14。WhatcanwesayaboutaSiberianhusky？A.Ithasloveliereyesthantheotherdogs.B。Itseemsmuchmorelikeawolfthanadog.C。Itcanraiseitseyebrowshigherthanmostdogsdo。D。Itisbetteratlinkingwithhumansthananordinarydog。15。Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A。Theevolutionofthewolves。 B。Dogs’abilitytoconnectwithhumans.C。Thesimilaritiesbetweendogsandwolves. D.Changesindogscausedbydomestication?！敬鸢浮?2。D13.A14。B15。D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了自從狼在三萬(wàn)多年前被馴化成狗以后其身體（尤其是眼睛)及行為所發(fā)生的變化.【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段中的Thedogswerefoundtohavetwowell-formedmusclesaroundtheeyethatwerenotpresentinthewolves.（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗的眼睛周?chē)袃蓧K成形良好的肌肉，而狼的眼睛周?chē)鷦t沒(méi)有）可知,狗和狼的區(qū)別在于狗的眼睛周?chē)蓄~外的肌肉。故選D.【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的JulianeKaminski，acomparativepsychologistfromtheresearchsuggeststhiseyebrow-risingmovementcauses“awarm”feelingsinhumansbecauseitmakesthedogs’eyesappearlarger。Thisexpressionsalsomakesthedoglomorelikeahumanbaby。（來(lái)自這項(xiàng)研究的比較心理學(xué)家JulianeKaminski表示，這種聳起眉毛的動(dòng)作會(huì)讓人類(lèi)產(chǎn)生“溫暖"的感覺(jué)，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)讓狗狗的眼睛看起來(lái)更大。這種表達(dá)方式也讓狗狗更像一個(gè)人類(lèi)嬰兒)可推斷,JulianeKaminski想要暗示的是自從狼被馴化成狗以后，為了和人類(lèi)和睦相處狗的身體及行為也有了進(jìn)化。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段TheonlydogspeciesinthestudythatdidnothavethemuscleswastheSiberianhusky,whichisanancientkindofdog.Thehuskycouldbethebestlivingexampleofwhatthelinkbetweendogsandwolveslookedlike。(研究中唯一沒(méi)有肌肉狗是西伯利亞哈士奇,這是一種古老的狗。哈士奇可能是狗和狼之間聯(lián)系的最好的例子）及第三段Thedogswerefoundtohavetwowell-formedmusclesaroundtheeyethatwerenotpresentinthewolves.(究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗的眼睛周?chē)袃蓧K成形良好的肌肉，而狼的眼睛周?chē)鷦t沒(méi)有）可推斷，西伯利亞哈士奇看起來(lái)更像狼。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題.通讀全文可知,文章主要是介紹了狼被馴化成狗以，后其身體及行為所發(fā)生的變化。因此選項(xiàng)D。Changesindogscausedbydomestication.（馴化導(dǎo)致的狗身上發(fā)生的變化)符合題意。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoHelpOthersinYourCommunity（社區(qū))Helpingothersinyourcommunityisagreatwaytospreadjoytoothersandgetthemostoutoflife。____16____Youcanchoosetobecomeavolunteer.Volunteeringisgreatwaytohelpothersoutinyourcommunity。Lookaroundforahomelessshelterorsoupkitchenandspendsometimetheredoingwhateverneedstobedone.____17____Forexample，trytutoringhomelesskidsatthelocalsheltersothattheycanstayinschoolandnotfallbehind,andalsoyougetasenseofachievement。____18____Youcangiveawaymoneytosomeorganizationsthathelpothers.Ifyoudon’thavemoneytospare，lookthroughyourunuseditems（物品）andseewhatyoucanpartwiththatisingoodcondition.Theyareneededbyalocalfoodbankorshelter.Youcanchoosetoredirectgifts。____19____Youcaninvitethemtodovoluntaryworktocelebrateyourbirthday。Youcanalsosuggesttheydonatethemoneytheyintendtousetobuygiftsforyou.Youcanstoptohelp。Therearemanycaseswhereyoucanstoptogiveahelpinghand。Ifyouseepeopleonthestreetstrugglingtocarryalltheirgroceries,stoptohelp____20____However,keepinmindthattheymaynotalwaysneedhelp.Butneverfeeldiscouragedwhenyourkindnessisturneddown。AUsuallytheyaregratefultoacceptyourhelp.B。Youcanchoosetodonatetoimportantcauses.C.Thereareanumberofchancesyoucantakeadvantageof.D。Youcanhelpyourneighborswithoutspendingmuchmoney.E。Donatethegiftsyoureceivetopoorchildreninyourcommunity.F.Notonlywillthishelpothers,butalsoyouwillgaincertainbenefit.G。Insteadofgettingnewgiftseverybirthday，haveyourfriendsandfamilyhelpothers.【答案】16.C17。F18.B19.G20。A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文.幫助別人是一種傳播快樂(lè)和善意的好方法，本文主要介紹了在社區(qū)里幫助他人的途徑.【16題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前Helpingothersinyourcommunityisagreatwaytospreadjoytoothersandgetthemostoutoflife。(幫助社區(qū)里的其他人是一種很好的方式，可以把快樂(lè)傳播給其他人，并從生活中獲得最大的收獲)及下文介紹的在社區(qū)里幫助他人的途徑可知，C項(xiàng)Thereareanumberofchancesyoucantakeadvantageof.（你可以利用的機(jī)會(huì)有很多）符合文意.故選C.【17題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后Forexample，trytutoringhomelesskidsatthelocalsheltersothattheycanstayinschoolandnotfallbehind,andalsoyougetasenseofachievement。（例如,你可以在當(dāng)?shù)氐氖杖菟锝o無(wú)家可歸的孩子做家教，這樣他們就可以留在學(xué)校里，而不會(huì)掉隊(duì)，這樣你也會(huì)有成就感)可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Notonlywillthishelpothers，butalsoyouwillgaincertainbenefit。（這不僅能幫助他人，而且你也能獲得一定的益處)符合文意.故選F。【18題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后Youcangiveawaymoneytosomeorganizationsthathelpothers。(你可以捐錢(qián)給一些幫助他人的組織）及Theyareneededbyalocalfoodbankorshelter。（當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄镢y行或收容所需要這些食物）可知，B項(xiàng)Youcanchoosetodonatetoimportantcauses.（你可以給予重要的事業(yè)一些捐贈(zèng))符合文意。故選B。【19題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前Youcanchoosetoredirectgifts.（你可以選擇轉(zhuǎn)送禮物）及空后Youcaninvitethemtodovoluntaryworktocelebrateyourbirthday。(你可以邀請(qǐng)他們做義工來(lái)慶祝你的生日）可知,G項(xiàng)Insteadofgettingnewgiftseverybirthday，haveyourfriendsandfamilyhelpothers。（不要每次生日都收新禮物，讓你的朋友和家人幫助他人，以作為你生日的禮物）符合。故選G?！?0題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前Ifyouseepeopleonthestreetstrugglingtocarryalltheirgroceries，stoptohelp。（如果你看到人們?cè)诮稚掀D難地提著所有的雜貨,停下來(lái)幫助他們)可知,A項(xiàng)Usuallytheyaregratefultoacceptyourhelp.（通常，他們會(huì)滿(mǎn)懷感激地接受你的幫助)符合文意。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】七選五題型考察學(xué)生把握整篇文章的布局和邏輯層次關(guān)系和把握微觀信息間關(guān)聯(lián)性這種題一般可從以下方面來(lái)做:（1)看首段，跳過(guò)空格快速通讀全篇，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu),分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu),了解文章大意.首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在,首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義。（2）精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項(xiàng)填入空格。七選五空出的是整個(gè)句子,可以通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來(lái)確定這兩個(gè)句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案.如第2題,根據(jù)空后Forexample，trytutoringhomelesskidsatthelocalsheltersothattheycanstayinschoolandnotfallbehind，andalsoyougetasenseofachievement.(例如,你可以在當(dāng)?shù)氐氖杖菟锝o無(wú)家可歸的孩子做家教，這樣他們就可以留在學(xué)校里，而不會(huì)掉隊(duì)，這樣你也會(huì)有成就感）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Notonlywillthishelpothers,butalsoyouwillgaincertainbenefit。(這不僅能幫助他人,而且你也能獲得一定的益處)符合文意。故選F。(3）解題的關(guān)鍵是能嫻熟地利用各種銜接手段.尤其要注意代詞，連詞等。如表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，though，however等.最后，用代入法，檢查答案是否合理，將所有選擇答案放回空白處，通讀全文,檢查文章內(nèi)容是否語(yǔ)義連貫合理、緊扣主題，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯,寫(xiě)作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語(yǔ)是否恰當(dāng)貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確.第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1。5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).WhenIfirstmovedtotheSouth，IrealizedthatIwassteppingintoacompletelydifferentworld.NewOrleans，Louisiana,was____21____anyotherplaceIhadeverbeento.WhatsurprisedmemorethananythingelsewasNewOrleanspeople'sconstant____22____.“Whatcan1getforyou,honey？”awaitressaskedmeonmyfirstdayinLouisiana.Iwas____23____。Thiswomandidn'tknowme____24____shetreatedmelikefamily.ShesmileddownatmeasIpointedtoanitemonthe____25____?！癐sthepastagood?”Iaskedher。“Baby，it’snotmyfavorite，"she____26____withasmile。I____27____my“family"inshock。Shehadgivenmeherhonest____28____，asifwewerebestfriends.AfterafewyearsinNewOrleans，Igot____29____tothehoneysandthebabys.IalsorealizedhowcomfortingitistobetreatedlikeI_____30_____,whereverIgo.IrecentlywenttotheDMV(車(chē)管局）toupdatemydriver’slicense.AsIwassittinginthe_____31_____roomwithatleasttwentyotherpeople，awomanwalkedin.“Goodmorning!"she_____32_____totheroom?！癎oodmorning，”thewholeroomsaidbackwithout_____33_____.Soontheroomwasquietagainandeveryonewascomfortablewitheachother.Thewomantookher_____34_____,andwaitedwitheveryoneelseforhernumbertobe_____35_____。EvenaftereightyearsoflivinginLouisiana，itstillmakesme_____36_____toknowthatIamnotalonehere.Someoneisalways_____37_____tosayhelloorlendahandwhenneeded.Itisthekindof_____38_____thatIhaveneverbeenabletofindanywhereelse。SoIbelieveintreatingpeopleyoudon’tknowlikefamily,makingpeoplefeel_____39_____。Nooneshouldfeellonelyevenwhentheywalkintoaroomfullof_____40_____.21。A.beside B。beyond C。unlike D.opposite22。A。sympathy B。friendliness C。generosity D。patience23。A.concerned B.relieved C.disappointed D.astonished24.A。yet B.and C.or D。so25.A.way B。menu C.table D。surface26。A.recommended B。admitted C.defended D.apologized27。A。talkedabout B。paidfor C.lookedat D.commentedon28。A。advice B.belief C.opinion D.assistance29.A。addicted B.exposed C。committed D。used30。A.belong B.appear C。improve D。behave31.A。scary B。noisy C。empty D.silent32。A。announced B。pointed C。explained D。whispered33。A。inspection B。purpose C.hesitation D。enthusiasm34.A。seat B。recipe C.order D。type35.A.adjusted B.called C。dialed D.answered36.A.stare B。shout C.swear D。smile37.A。inspired B。willing C.touched D。grateful38。A.warmth B.effort C.optimism D。trust39。A。energetic B。comfortable C.satisfied D.active40。A.volunteers B.neighbors C.friends D.strangers【答案】21。C22.B23。D24.A25。B26。B27.C28。C29.D30。A31。D32。A33。C34.A35。B36。D37。B38.A39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文.文章講述了作者初到新奧爾良時(shí)，被當(dāng)?shù)厝说挠押酶腥?，置身于陌生人中，如同在家中一樣，倍感溫暖。?1題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析.句意：路易斯安那州的新奧爾良市與我去過(guò)的其他任何地方都不同。A.beside在……旁邊；B。beyond超越;C。unlike不像D。opposite在……對(duì)面。文章第一句IrealizedthatIwassteppingintoacompletelydifferentworld.就點(diǎn)明了作者進(jìn)入了一個(gè)完全不同的世界(新奧爾良市)，可知新奧爾良市與其他地方不同.故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最令我感到驚訝的是新奧爾良人保持不變的友好。A.sympathy同情；B。friendliness友好；C.generosity慷慨；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)Thiswomandidn’tknowme____4____shetreatedmelikefamily.（這位女士不認(rèn)識(shí)我卻對(duì)我如家人一般)可知，新奧爾良人非常友好.故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到驚訝。A。concerned擔(dān)心的；B.relieved寬慰的;C。disappointed失望的；D。astonished驚訝的。根據(jù)下句Thiswomandidn’tknowme____4____shetreatedmelikefamily。（這位女士不認(rèn)識(shí)我卻對(duì)我如家人一般）可推知，一個(gè)陌生人對(duì)待我如家人一樣，作者應(yīng)該是感到很驚訝。故選D.【24題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這位女士不認(rèn)識(shí)我,但是她像對(duì)待家人一樣對(duì)待我.A.yet然而；B.and和；C.or或者;D。so如此。根據(jù)句意可知此處didn’tknowme與treatedmelikefamily構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我指著菜單上的菜品的時(shí)候，她對(duì)著我微笑。A。way路，方式;B.menu菜單；C。table桌子；D.surface表面。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，作者在飯店應(yīng)該是看著菜單點(diǎn)菜。故選B.【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她面帶微笑地承認(rèn)道:寶貝，那不是我的最?lèi)?ài)。A。recommended推薦；B.admitted承認(rèn)；C.defended保衛(wèi)，防御；D.apologized道歉。根“Baby,it’snotmyfavorite,（寶貝，它可不是我的最?lèi)?ài)）可知，這個(gè)服務(wù)員在表達(dá)自己的喜好，因此應(yīng)該用admit“承認(rèn)"。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與語(yǔ)境不符.故選B.【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析.句意：我震驚地看著我的“家人”.她給了最誠(chéng)實(shí)的看法，好像我們是朋友一樣。A.talkedabout談?wù)?；B。paidfor付錢(qián)；C。lookedat看著；D。commentedon對(duì)……評(píng)論。對(duì)于這位服務(wù)員的回答，作者的反應(yīng)是震驚地看著她.此處作者并沒(méi)有評(píng)論（commentedon）或和別人談?wù)摚╰alkedabout）這個(gè)服務(wù)員，為我的家人付錢(qián)（payformy“family”)更不合邏輯。故選C.【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她給了最誠(chéng)實(shí)的看法,好像我們是朋友一樣。A。advice建議；B。belief信念；C。opinion觀點(diǎn);D。assistance幫助。根據(jù)“Baby，it’snotmyfavorite，”可知，此處指的是這位女服務(wù)員的觀點(diǎn)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析.句意：在新奧爾良生活了多年之后,我漸漸習(xí)慣了親愛(ài)的和寶貝。A.(get）addicted(to)對(duì)……上癮的;B。（get）exposed（to)暴露于……;C。(get）committed(to）致力于;D。（get）used（to)習(xí)慣于。根據(jù)后句Ialsorealizedhowcomforting