湖南省株洲市天元區(qū)名校2022-2023學年高一上學期12月月考英語試卷（含答案）

第第頁湖南省株洲市天元區(qū)名校2022-2023學年高一上學期12月月考英語試卷（含答案）湖南省株洲市天元區(qū)名校2022-2023學年高一上學期12月月考英語試卷

學校：___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解

InternationalSummerProgram:SpidermanatHoytsCinemaCarousel

JoinusforanafternoonofsuperheroesasyouwatchSpider-Man:NoWayHomeatHoyts,andcatchupwithotherCurtininternationalstudentsalsostayinginPerthoverthesummerbreak.

Schedule

●1pm:StudentsarriveatHoyts,signinandpurchaseanyfoodordrinkthattheywouldlike.

●1:30pm:Thefilmbegins！

●4pm:Thefilmconcludes,andstudentsleavethecinema.

AsCurtinhaspaidpartofthecostofthefilm,thereducedstudentticketis10.Ifyouwouldlikeanyfoodordrink,pleasebringadditionalmoneytopurchaseit.

ThisactivityisonlyavailabletointernationalstudentswhohaveappliedforacourseatCurtinUniversitynow.

Placesarelimitedsobookyourspotnow！PleaseuseyourCurtinstudentemailtoregisterfortheevent.

ImportantInformation

●Bysigningupforthisactivity,youdeclarethatyouareaCurtininternationalstudentovertheageof18andhavereadtheinformationabove.Youalsoagreeto：

※Declareallyourmedicaloraccessibilityrequirementsthatorganizersmustbeawareofandinformtheorganizersifyouhaveanyillnessesorinjuriesontheday.

※BehaveaccordingtotheCurtinStudentCharter（章程）andacceptthatgoingagainsttheChartermayresultinyourremovalfromtheactivity.

●Ifyou'reunder18,pleasecall92663954forfurtherinformationonhowtoproceed.

1、Whoistheactivitytargetedat？

A.InternationalstudentsinPerth.

B.StudentsdesiringtoattendCurtinUniversity.

C.Studentslovingsuperheromovies.

D.CurrentCurtininternationalstudents.

2、Whichofthefollowingmightresultindisqualification？

A.Beingundertheageof18.

B.FailingtofollowtheCharter.

C.Bringingfoodanddrinkprivately.

D.RegisteringwithCurtinemailaddresses.

3、Whatisthetext？

A.Afilmreview.B.Anadmissionnotice.

C.Atheatreprogramme.D.Anactivityannouncement.

Spaceisdangerous.Buthumaninnovationhasallowedpeopletoexplorethisdeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withintheprotectionofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertocompletemissionsofayearorlonger.Butmissionstofurtherreachesofspaceareadifferentmatter.EstablishingabaseonthemoonorsendinghumanstoMarsseemsjustonthehorizon.Thatcanonlyhappenifinnovativeandsafewaysaredeveloped.

Onecompany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent.Thatisnotanimpossibleclaim.BioPodsdon’tuseanysoiltogrowplants,andthevastmajorityofwaterisrecycled.

PlantsaregrowninsideBioPodsusingaeroponics,thepracticeofhangingplantsintheairandsprayingamistofnutrient-richwaterontheirroots.AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater.

TheconditionsinsideofaBioPodarecontrolledbyAI,whichcanchangeanythingfromthelightingtothetemperatureandhumidity.Thisimprovesgrowingconditionsnomatterwhattheenvironmentis,includingtheemptinessofspace.

TheBioPodscanbebuiltinalmostanyenvironment.Thepod’sstructureismadewitha3Dprinterusingrawmaterialsinliquidform.ThismeansthataBioPodcouldbebuiltrightonthesurfaceofthemoonorMars,makingtransportingalargestructureunnecessary.

4、Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“onthehorizon”inparagraph1

A.Strange.B.Doubtful.C.EasyD.Approaching.

5、WhatcanwelearnaboutaBioPod

A.Itisthenameofacompany.B.Itisamoderngreenhouse.

C.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinspace.D.It’s3D-printedwithsolidmaterials.

6、WhatisanadvantageofBioPod-grownplants

A.Theymakethemostofsoil.B.Theydon’tneedanynutrients.

C.Theyareofhigherproduction.D.Theyaren’tstrictaboutconditions.

7、Whatisthetextmainlyabout

A.TheapplicationofAIinagriculture.

B.Human’seffortsinspaceexploration.

C.Themethodsofimprovingfoodoutput.

D.Growingfoodinspacepodstofeedastronauts.

Ifyou’vespentanyamountoftimeboating,fishing,orbird-watchingatlakesandrivers,youhavemostlikelyseenfishesjumpingoutofthewater.Ihaveseenitmanytimes.Certainly,fisheswillexitwaterindesperateattemptstoescapeenemies.Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.Butjustaswemayrunfastfromfunorfromfear,differentemotionsmightmotivatefishestojump.

Mobularays（蝠鲼）aren’tmotivatedbyfearwhentheythrowtheirimpressivebodies—uptoaseventeen-footwingspan(thedistancefromtheendofonewingtotheendoftheother)andatoninweight—skywardinleap（跳躍）ofuptotenfeet.Theydoitinschools（魚群）ofhundreds.Theyusuallylandontheirbellies,butsometimestheylandontheirbacks.Somescientiststhinkitmightbeawayofremovingparasites（寄生蟲）.ButIthinkthattheraysareenjoyingthemselves.

IntheclearwatersofFlorida’sChassahowitzkaNationalWildlifeRefuge,Iwatchedseveralschoolsoffiftyormoremullets（鯔魚）movinginbeautifulformation.Theirwell-builtbodiesweremostevidentwhentheyleapedfromthewater.MostofthetimeIsawoneortwoleapsbyafish,butonemadeaseriesofseven.Theyusuallylandontheirsides.Eachjumpwasaboutafootclearofthewaterandtwotothreefeetinlength.

Nobodyknowsforsurewhythefishleaps.Oneideaisthattheydoittotakeinoxygen.Theideaissupportedbythefactthatmulletsleapmorewhenthewaterislowerinoxygen,butischallengedbythelikelihoodthatjumpingcostsmoreenergythanisgainedbybreathingair.Itishardtoimaginetheywillfeelanyfresherwhenbackinwater.

MightthesefishesalsobeleapingforfunThereissomenewevidence.GordonM.Burghardtrecentlypublishedaccountsofadozentypesoffishesleapingrepeatedly,sometimesoverfloatingobjects—sticks,plants,sunningturtle—fornoclearreasonotherthanentertainment.

8、WhatcanwesayaboutthedolphinsinParagraph1

A.Theyhavegreatescapingskills.B.Theyareeasilyfrightened.

C.Theyareveryclever.D.Theylovejumping.

9、Whatdotherayandthemullethaveincommonwhenjumping

A.Bothdoitingroups.B.Bothlandontheirbellies.

C.Bothjumpmanyfeetoutofwater.D.Bothmakeleapsoneaftertheother.

10、HowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheideamentionedinParagraph4

A.Itisvaluable.B.Itisinteresting.

C.Itisimaginative.D.Itisquestionable.

11、Whichmaybethereasonforfishleapsaccordingtotheauthor

A.Toremoveparasites.B.Toamusethemselves.

C.Totakeinmoreoxygen.D.Toexpresspositiveemotions.

RevealedtotheworldbythefamousBritishexplorer,DrDavidLivingstone,in1855,theVictoriaFallsareoneofAfrica’sbest-knownnaturalwonders.TheyformanaturalborderbetweenZimbabwe(津巴布韋)andZambia(贊比亞).

ThefallsarenamedafterQueenVictoriabyLivingstone.Theywereknowntothenativepeopleinthe18thcenturyas:"thesmokethatthunders".Thewaterfallisformedasthetwo-kilometer-wideZambeziRiverspills(濺)overtheedgeofitsgiantstoneriverbedandfallsintothegorge(山谷)below.Attheirhighestpoint,theVictoriaFallsdropadistanceof108m,almosttwiceasfarastheNiagaraFalls.Asmuchas546millioncubicmetersofwaterperminutefallsovertheedgefromthatheight.

ViewingthefallsfromtheZambiansidemeansthatvisitorscanfollowapaththatgoesrightuptothefalls.ThefallscanalsobeviewedfromtheBoilingPot,rightinthedepthsofthegorgeatthebottomofthefalls.The111-meter-highVictoriaFallsBridge,arailwaycrossing,isnowapopularplaceforBungeejumping.Itcanbecrossedonfootforexcellentviewsofthefallsandthewindingblue-greenwatersoftheZambeziRiver.Itisalsopossibletoseethefallsfromaplane.

Theareaaroundthefallsisamajorgame-viewingplace.ThebesttimetoviewtheVictoriaFallsisbetweenDecemberandJuly,whenthewaterlevelisthehighest.ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404E-mail:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:www..

12、Theauthorofthepassageislikelytobe______.

A.agovernmentofficerB.atouristguide

C.atravelerD.ateacher

13、Accordingtothepassage,weknowthattheVictoriaFalls________.

A.arethebestplacetoenjoyBungeejumping

B.droptwiceasfarastheNiagaraFalls

C.areaman-madewonderinAfrica

D.werediscoveredbyaBritishman

14、Howmanywaysdidtheauthormentiontoviewthefalls

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

15、Thepurposeofthepassageisto______.

A.introduceafamousnaturalwonder—theVictoriaFalls

B.tellusthediscoveryoftheVictoriaFalls

C.showhowtheVictoriaFallsareformed

D.advisetravelerstocometotheVictoriaFalls

二、七選五

16、Literatureisthebodyofwrittenworksproducedbyscholarsandresearchers,whospecializeinagivenfield.WhyisliteratureimportantLet’ssee.

Literaryworksaredescriptionsofthethinkingpatternsandsocialcriteria.They’readescriptionofthedifferentaspectsofcommonpeople’slife.①________Theyalsoencourageimaginationandcreativity.Exposingoneselftogoodliteraryworksislikeprovidingonewiththefinesteducationalopportunities.Ontheotherhand,thelackofexposuretogoodliteratureisequaltodepriving(剝奪)oneoftheopportunitytogrow.

Someofthegreatliteraryworksprovidesocietywiththeguidingprinciplesoflife.WorksbypoetslikeHomer,Plato,Sappho,Horaceandmanymorearetimeless.②________TheLordoftheRings,TheGodfather,ATaleofTwoCities,andJamesBondseriesaresomeofthebest-sellingbooksofalltimethathaveentertainedseveralgenerations.

Therearealsogreatworksinchildren’sliterature.Amusedbythestonestheytell,kidsassociatethemselveswiththesebooks’charactersandidealizesomeofthem.Moralstoriesareanaidforparentsandteacherstoletthekidslearnimportantlessonsinlife.Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwainaresomeofthemostwidelypopularchildren’sauthors.③________

True,languagesarethebuildingblocksofliterature.Butthestudyofliteraturecannotberestrictedtoonlystudyinglanguages.④________Adegreeinlanguageandliteratureperhapscan’tprovideonewitheverythingliteraturecanoffer.Itsscope(范圍)issodeepandwidethatevenalifetimemaynotbeenoughtoreallystudyliterature.

⑤________Greatliteraryandpoeticworkshelpapersontakeacloserlookatthedifferentaspectsofliving.Inmanyways,literature,initsdifferentforms,canchangeone’sattitudetowardsliving.

A.Literaturehelpsunderstandlife.

B.Literaturehasaneffectonhealthandwealth.

C.Theyhaveenrichedthechildhoodsofsomany.

D.Classicalliteraryworksserveasfoodforthought.

E.Infact,literaturecan’tbelimitedtoaneducationalcourse.

F.Theyhavealwaysamusedtheirreadersandwillcontinueto.

G.Instead,literaturelaysthefoundationofawealthylife,adding“l(fā)ife”to“l(fā)iving”

三、完形填空（15空）

Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeoutandsupermarketshelveswere1,DanielandNancydecidedtheynolongerwantedto2othersforfood.Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.4,theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.

Danielsaid,“Itissomethingthatwehavewantedtodo.Whenthedisease5,itgaveusthatextra6.Atthattimewewereboth7,andthatgaveusevenmoremotivationtoseeifwecould8ourselves.”Thepairbuiltahouseforchickensandducksandstudiedonlineaboutwheretheywouldgetallthethingstheyneeded.Danieladds,“Wehadtolearnsomanynewthingslikehowtogrowmushroomsand9saltfromtheocean.”

“Nowafterfivemonths,theybothfeelwellbutDaniel10thefirstfewweeksweredifficultastheirbodiesadjustedto11coffee,wineandsugarallonthesameday,”hesays.“Afterthreeweeksourdesiresforthem12andnowwefeelgreat.”NowFebruaryhascometoa(n)13.Astheysurvivewinter,theyfeel14aboutcontinuingwiththiswayofliving,withtheirchallenge15endinginAugust.

17、A.dustyB.firmC.emptyD.full

18、A.lookforB.comeacrossC.fallbehindD.relyon

19、A.challengeB.charityC.constructionD.research

20、A.NeverthelessB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Besides

21、A.wentB.droppedC.failedD.hit

22、A.burdenB.pushC.debtD.excuse

23、A.unemployedB.unconcernedC.occupiedD.confused

24、A.guaranteeB.protectC.feedD.control

25、A.supplyB.saveC.inventD.harvest

26、A.arguesB.admitsC.doubtsD.denies

27、A.quittingB.demandingC.changingD.consuming

28、A.returnedB.reducedC.existedD.doubled

29、A.headB.stopC.endD.point

30、A.positiveB.hesitantC.regretfulD.bored

31、A.rarelyB.instantlyC.merelyD.officially

四、短文填空

32、ClimateChangeRequiresTheWorld’sAttention

ThereislittledoubtthatEarth①_______(get)warmerandwarmer.In2023,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearwhichappearedtohavestarvedanddied.This②_______(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpact③_______Earth’secology.

Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocess④_______(call)the“greenhouseeffect”,⑤_______hastwocommonmeanings.Withoutthe“natural”greenhouseeffect,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblembecausemoreheatenergy⑥_______(trap)intheatmosphere,causingEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherand⑦_______(nature)disastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwill⑧_______(probable)continueandtherewillbeahigherprice⑨_______(pay).

Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”.Itisour⑩_______(responsible)toseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts.

五、書面表達

33、假定你是李華，現(xiàn)在正在英國留學。為鼓勵學生加強體育鍛煉，你們學校將于近期舉辦一次遠足活動，你對此很感興趣。請你用英語給相關(guān)負責人寫一封郵件，詢問有關(guān)情況。內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動的具體時間；

2.對體質(zhì)(fitness)的要求；

3.關(guān)于住宿(accommodation)的問題。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34、閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Thee-mailrequestcameintoEkibenrestaurantlateonaThursdayafternooninMarch.BrandonJones,themanwhosentthee-maildidn'tactuallywantthefoodhimelf.Hewaswritingonbehalfofhismother-in-law,Shirley,wholovedthebroccoli（西蘭花）dishwithfreshherbsandcucumbervinegar.HewentontoexplainthatshewasnowinthefinalstageoflungcanceratherhomeinVermontandthathewashopingtogettherecipe（烹飪法）tomakeitforherthere.SteveChu,oneoftherestaurant'sco-owners,readthee-mailandquicklyreplied,"Thanksforreachingout,"hewrote."We'dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou."

Brandonwasshocked."Iemailedback,saying,'YoudoknowthatthisisVermontwe'retalkingabout,right'"saysBrandon."ButChuresponded,'Noproblem.Youtellusthedate,timeandlocationandwe'llbethere."

Forthepastsixyears,everytimeShirleyvisitedBaltimore,thefirstplaceshewantedtogowasEkibensoshecouldorderthatdish."Shelovesthatbroccoli,andIreallywantedhertohaveitonemoretime,"Brandonsays.

"Shehadalwaystoldus,'WhenI'monmydeathbed,Iwanttohavethatbroccoli,'"recallsBrandon'swife,RinaJones.ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingBrandon'se-mail,ChuloadedhistruckwithahotplateandacoolerandthenheadedforVermontwithhisbusinesspartner,EphremAbebe,andanemployee.TheystayedovernightinatentanddrovethenextdaytothesmalltownwhereShirleylived.

AssoonasChuandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygottowork.Theypulleddownthegateofthepickup,fixedthehotplateonthetruck'spowerport,andstartedcookinganddeep-frying.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandfreshherbsandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxingeverythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer'sdoor.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置作答。

"Goaheadandanswer,"Rinatoldhermother.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TheJonesesinvitedChuandhisteamtojointhemfordinner.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案

1、答案：D

解析：A項"珀斯的國際學生"；B項"想要進人科廷大學的學生"；C項"喜歡超級英雄電影的學生"；D項"科廷大學的在讀國際學生"。故選D。

2、答案：B

解析：理解具體信息題。根據(jù)ImportantInformation部分中的"goingagainsttheChartermayresultinyourremovalfromtheactivity"可知，違反科廷大學學生章程的行為可能導致你被取消活動資格，故選B。

3、答案：D

解析：理解文章類型題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是文章標題及第一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了一項面向在科廷大學就讀的國際學生的暑期活動，應(yīng)該是一則活動公告。

4、答案：D

解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Thatcanonlyhappenifinovativeandsafewaysaredeveloped."(只有開發(fā)出創(chuàng)新和安全的方法，才能做到這一點。)提到了在月球上建立基地或者送人類到火星上的成功的條件，說明現(xiàn)在的這種條件還沒實現(xiàn)，因而可推測，劃線詞所在句的含義為"在月球上建立基地或者送人類到火星上(的成功的條件)正在接近實現(xiàn)"，approaching“正在臨近的”，符合題意，故選D。

5、答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient."(他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種先進的系統(tǒng)，可以在任何地方種植植物，甚至在太空中。他們把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的溫室稱為"BioPods"，而且設(shè)計得非常高效。)可知，BioPods是新研發(fā)的一種先進的溫室系統(tǒng)。故選B。

6、答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater."(根據(jù)星際實驗室的數(shù)據(jù)，BioPod種植的植物比傳統(tǒng)種植的植物多產(chǎn)300倍，只需要少量的水。)可知，利用先進的溫室BioPod種植的作物產(chǎn)量高。故選C。

7、答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中"Spaceisdangerous.Buthumaninnovationhasallowedpeopletoexplorethisdeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withintheprotectionofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertocompletemissionsofayearorlonger."(太空很危險。但是人類的創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)讓人們探索這個致命的環(huán)境幾十年了。在空間站的保護下，宇航員有足夠的空氣、食物和水來完成一年或更長時間的任務(wù)。)提到了人類在探索太空中，空間站可以為宇航員的生存提供根本的保障。第二段中"Onecompany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent."(一家名為星際實驗室的公司相信他們已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建了一個系統(tǒng)來解決食物問題。他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種先進的系統(tǒng)，可以在任何地方種植植物，甚至在太空中。他們把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的溫室稱為“BioPods”，而且設(shè)計得非常高效。事實上，星際實驗室聲稱BioPods可以將生產(chǎn)食物所需的土地和水資源減少99%。)講述了一家名為星際實驗室的公司研發(fā)了一個先進的溫室系統(tǒng)BioPods，這個系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)越性是可以將生產(chǎn)食物所需的土地和水資源減少99%);第三段中"AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater."(根據(jù)星際實驗室的數(shù)據(jù)，BioPod種植的植物比傳統(tǒng)種植的植物多產(chǎn)300倍，只需要少量的水。)可知，利用先進的溫室BioPod種植的作物產(chǎn)量高。和下文對BioPod的優(yōu)越性的說明，本文主要講述了利用先進的溫室BioPod，可以給宇航員提供生存用的食物。故選D。

8、答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.”（海豚利用這種行為，圍成一個圈，在半空中抓住受驚的魚。）可知，海豚能夠巧妙地吃掉躍出水面的魚，說明它們很聰明。故選C項。

9、答案：A

解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Theydoitinschools（魚群）ofhundreds.”（蝸鲼成群跳躍。）和第三段中的“Iwatchedseveralschoolsoffiftyormoremullets（鯔魚）movinginbeautifulformation.”（我看到幾個由50只或更多的鯔魚組成的魚群以美麗的隊形移動。）可知，蝠鲼和鯔魚都是成群地跳躍。故選A項。

10、答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。由第四段中的“Itishardtoimaginetheywillfeelanyfresherwhenbackinwater.”（很難想象當它們回到水里時會感覺更新鮮。）可知，認為第四段提到的猜想是值得懷疑的。故選D項。

11、答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。由第二段中的“ButIthinkthattheraysareenjoyingthemselves.”（但我覺得它們很享受光線。）和最后一段中的“GordonM.Burghardtrecentlypublishedaccountsofadozentypesoffishesleapingrepeatedly,sometimesoverfloatingobjects—sticks,plants,sunningturtle—fornoclearreasonotherthanentertainment.”（GordonM.Burghardt最近發(fā)表了一系列關(guān)于十幾種魚類反復(fù)跳躍的報道，有時是在漂浮的物體上，樹枝，植物，曬海龜，除了娛樂之外，沒有其他明確的原因。）可知，認為魚躍出水面可能是為了享受快樂。故選B項。

12、答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后的內(nèi)容ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404E-mail:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:www.。可知這篇文章的應(yīng)該是一名導游。故選B。

13、答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句RevealedtotheworldbythefamousBritishexplorer,DrDavidLivingstone,in1855,theVictoriaFallsareoneofAfrica’sbest-knownnaturalwonders.可知，維多利亞瀑布是一位英國的探險家發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。

14、答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段對于看維多利亞瀑布的介紹，有如下幾種方法ViewingthefallsfromtheZambianside；ThefallscanalsobeviewedfromtheBoilingPot；Itcanbecrossedonfootforexcellentviewsofthefalls；Itisalsopossibletoseethefallsfromaplane.故答案為4種，選C。

15、答案：D

解析：寫作目的題。通讀全文很明顯可看出，本文介紹了一個著名的自然奇觀，從最后一句ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404E-mail:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:www.給出的旅游中心的地址，電話和聯(lián)系方式可看出這可能是一位導游寫的，通過這樣的介紹想吸引游客來參觀維多利亞瀑布，故答案為D。

16、答案：①-⑤DFCEA

解析：這是一篇說明文，文章解釋了為什么文學如此重要。

①根據(jù)空后一句“Theyalsoencourageimaginationandcreativity.(它們還鼓勵想象力和創(chuàng)造力。)”中的關(guān)鍵詞also可知，空處也是描述文學的作用，D項“經(jīng)典文學作品是思想的食糧。”符合語境。故選D項。

②根據(jù)本段首句“Someofthegreatliteraryworksprovidesocietywiththeguidingprinciplesoflife.(一些偉大的文學作品為社會提供了生活的指導原則。)”可知，此處是描述文學作品對社會的影響，空前一句“WorksbypoetslikeHomer,Plato,Sappho,Horaceandmanymorearetimeless.(荷馬、柏拉圖、薩福、賀拉斯等詩人的作品是永恒的。)”列舉了一些偉大的作家的作品，空處應(yīng)是接著描述他們作品的影響力，F(xiàn)項“它們總是逗樂讀者，并將繼續(xù)這樣做?！狈险Z境，F(xiàn)項中的They指代前一句中的Works。故選F項。

③根據(jù)本段首句“Therearealsogreatworksinchildren’sliterature.”可知，本段是介紹兒童文學的影響，空前一句“Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwainaresomeofthemostwidelypopularchildren’sauthors.(伊索、伊妮德·布萊頓和馬克·吐溫都是最受歡迎的兒童文學作家)”列舉了一些兒童文學作家，C項“他們豐富了許多人的童年?！狈险Z境，與本段兒童文學主題一致，C項中的They指代前一句中的“Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwain”。故選C項。

④根據(jù)空前一句“Butthestudyofliteraturecannotberestrictedtoonlystudyinglanguages.(但是文學研究不能僅僅局限于語言研究。)”及空后一句“Adegreeinlanguageandliteratureperhapscan'tprovideonewitheverythingliteraturecanoffer.(一個語言文學學位也許不能提供文學所能提供的一切。)”可知，文學范圍很廣，不能僅限于語言研究，E項“事實上，文學不能局限于一門教育課程。”與此處語意一致，符合語境。故選E項。

⑤空處位于句首，是段落主題句，結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容“Greatliteraryandpoeticworkshelpapersontakeacloserlookatthedifferentaspectsofliving.Inmanyways,literature,initsdifferentforms,canchangeone’sattitudetowardsliving.(偉大的文學和詩歌作品可以幫助人們更深入地觀察生活的各個方面。在很多方面，文學，以其不同的形式，可以改變一個人的生活態(tài)度。)”可知，本段講述文學對生活的影響，A項“文學有助于理解生活”符合語境。故選A項。

17、答案：C

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一場傳染病爆發(fā)，超市貨架都空了，這時丹尼爾和南希決定不再依靠別人來獲取食物。A.dusty布滿灰塵的；B.firm堅固的；C.empty空的；D.full滿的。由上文的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”及常識可知，傳染病爆發(fā)時超市的食物被搶購一空。故選C項。

18、答案：D

解析：考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：一場傳染病爆發(fā)，超市貨架都空了，這時丹尼爾和南希決定不再依靠別人來獲取食物。A.lookfor尋找；B.comeacross偶遇；C.fallbehind落后；D.relyon依靠。由后文的“theywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat”可知，他們決定不再依靠別人來獲取食物。故選D項。

19、答案：A

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫婦決定開始一項為期一年的挑戰(zhàn)，他們不買任何東西吃。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.charity慈善；C.construction建設(shè)；D.research研究。由后文的“wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat”可知，不買任何東西吃，這對他們來說當然是一種挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項。

20、答案：B

解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他們會種植、飼養(yǎng)或捕捉一切。A.Nevertheless然而；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides另外。根據(jù)上文“Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.”和下文“theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.”可知，上下文是相反的做法。故選B項。

21、答案：D

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當疾病來襲時，它又給了我們額外的動力。A.went去；B.dropped下降；C.failed失??；D.hit襲擊。根據(jù)第一段的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”可知，此處表示疾病來襲，空格處是“襲擊”。故選D項。

22、答案：B

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當疾病來襲時，它又給了我們額外的動力。A.burden負擔；B.push推動力；C.debt債務(wù)；D.excuse借口。由后文的“gaveusevenmoremotivation”可知，疾病來襲給了他們額外的動力。故選B項。

23、答案：A

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那時候我們都失業(yè)了，這給了我們更多的動力去看看我們是否能養(yǎng)活自己。A.unemployed失業(yè)的；B.unconcerned不關(guān)心的；C.occupied忙于……的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)第一段的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”可知，傳染病爆發(fā)，兩個人都失業(yè)了。故選A項。

24、答案：C

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那時候我們都失業(yè)了，這給了我們更多的動力去看看我們是否能養(yǎng)活自己。A.guarantee保證；B.protect保護；C.feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活；D.control控制。由上文的“theywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.4,theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything”可知，他們失業(yè)了，他們想看看自己是否能養(yǎng)活自己。故選C項。

25、答案：D

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們必須學習很多新東西，比如如何種植蘑菇和從海洋中收集鹽。A.supply供應(yīng)；B.save救；C.invent發(fā)明；D.harvest收集，收獲。由后文的“saltfromtheocean”可知，是從海里收集鹽。故選D項。

26、答案：B

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：五個月后，他們都感覺很好，但丹尼爾承認最初幾周很困難，因為他們的身體要適應(yīng)在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.argues爭論；B.admits承認；C.doubts懷疑；D.denies否認。由后文的“thefirstfewweeksweredifficult”可知，丹尼爾承認最初幾周很困難。故選B項。

27、答案：A

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：五個月后，他們都感覺很好，但丹尼爾承認最初幾周很困難，因為他們的身體要適應(yīng)在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.quitting戒除；B.demanding要求；C.changing改變；D.consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee,wineandsugar”可知，這些東西是他們生產(chǎn)不出來的，所以得戒掉。故選A項。

28、答案：B

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：三周后，我們對它們的需求降低了，現(xiàn)在我們感覺很好。A.returned回來；B.reduced降低；C.existed存在；D.doubled加倍。由上文的“theirbodiesadjustedto11coffee,wineandsugar”以及下文“nowwefeelgreat”可知，他們要習慣戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，現(xiàn)在感覺很好了，由此可知，他們對這些東西的需求降低了。故選B項。

29、答案：C

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在二月已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。A.head頭；B.stop停止；C.end結(jié)束；D.point點。由后文的“theysurvivewinter”可知，二月已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，cometoanend意為“結(jié)束”。故選C項。

30、答案：A

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著他們度過了冬天，他們對繼續(xù)這種生活方式感到樂觀，他們的挑戰(zhàn)將在8月正式結(jié)束。A.positive積極的，樂觀的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.regretful后悔的；D.bored無聊的。由上文的“theysurvivewinter”和后文的“aboutcontinuingwiththiswayofliving”可知，他們度過了冬天，所以對繼續(xù)這種生活方式持樂觀態(tài)度。故選A項。

31、答案：D

解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著他們度過了冬天，他們對繼續(xù)這種生活方式感到樂觀，他們的挑戰(zhàn)將在8月正式結(jié)束。A.rarely稀少地；B.instantly立即地；C.merely僅僅；D.officially正式地。由“endinginAugust”可知，挑戰(zhàn)將在8月正式結(jié)束。故選D項。

32、答案：①isgetting②alarming③on/upon④called⑤which⑥istrapped⑦natural⑧probably⑨t(yī)opay⑩responsibility

解析：這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了全球變暖已成趨勢，而其造成的后果的不僅危害了自然界的動植物，也危害了人類自己。因此我們有責任抓住每一個機會，讓每個人都了解全球變暖及其原因和影響。

①考查時態(tài)。句意：毫無疑問，地球正變得越來越暖。分析可知，所填動詞為從句謂語動詞，用現(xiàn)在進行時表“發(fā)展趨向”這一含義。從句主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，用“isdoing”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填isgetting。

②考查形容詞。句意：這一令人擔憂的案例表明，氣溫升高對地球生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了影響。分析可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾空后名詞“case”，作定語，意為“令人擔憂的”。故填alarming。

③考查介詞。句意：這一令人擔憂的案例表明，氣溫升高對地球生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了影響?！癶aveanimpact