托?；A(chǔ)語法課件2

三大從句精選三大從句精選1三大類從句名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句形容詞性從句定語從句副詞性從句狀語從句精選三大類從句名詞性從句精選2名詞性從句名詞可以做什么成分？主語，賓語，表語，同位語精選名詞性從句名詞可以做什么成分？精選3兩大類連接詞1.that+S+V+…

只起到引導(dǎo)作用

不充當(dāng)成分

本身無詞義

省略？？2.wh- what,who,whom,which,where,when,why,how,whether

充當(dāng)成分

不能省略

句子語序精選兩大類連接詞1.that+S+V+…精選4特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句規(guī)律：名詞性從句的理解問題wh-/howwhat+S+V -----SV的內(nèi)容：

whathesaidwhere+S+V -----SV的地點(diǎn)：

whereIstay精選特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句規(guī)律：名詞性從句的理解問題精選5特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句when+S+V -----SV的時(shí)間：

whenJackleftwhyS+V ----SV的原因

whyJennyrefusedForrest精選特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句when+S+V 精選6特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how+S+V----SV的方式；S如何地V howstudentsshouldbehavehowmuchS+V ----SV的程度； S在多大程度上V； S有多么地V

howmuchIloveyou精選特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how+S+V精選7特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句whether+S+V----S是否V

Whetherhecomestothepartyornotisnoneofmybusiness.精選特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句whether+S+V精選8主語從句-that連接詞Thathesurvivedintheearthquakeisamiracle.Hesurvivedintheearthquake.Xisamiracle.ThatBilldivorcedJulietisnotsurprising.BilldivorcedJuliet.Xisnotsurprising.主語從句中的that連接詞不能省略！?。【x主語從句-that連接詞Thathesurvived9That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置避免頭重腳輕+尾部焦點(diǎn)原則1.It+be+adj.+that-從句Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.Itwasobviousthatshedidnotwanttocome.Itisstrangethatheknowsnothingaboutit.精選That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置避免頭重腳輕+尾部焦點(diǎn)原則精選10寫作練習(xí)如果一個(gè)社會(huì)想要進(jìn)步，拋棄傳統(tǒng)很必要。Itisimportantthat…important/essential/vital/crucial/significant/進(jìn)步——makeprogress拋棄傳統(tǒng)——rejecttraditionsItisessentialthatasocietyshouldrejectitstraditions,ifitwantstomakeprogress.精選寫作練習(xí)如果一個(gè)社會(huì)想要進(jìn)步，拋棄傳統(tǒng)很必要。精選11That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置2.It+be+n.+that-從句Itisapitythathecannotswim.It’sawonderthatheisstillalive.Itwasadisappointmenttoyourmotherthatyoufailedtheexam.精選That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置2.It+be+n.+12寫作練習(xí)保護(hù)和推廣自己國(guó)家的歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)是年青一代不可避免的任務(wù)。Itisanunavoidabletaskthat…保護(hù)和推廣——conserveandpromote國(guó)家的歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)——nationalhistoricalandculturalheritages年青一代——younggenerationsItisanunavoidabletaskthattheyounggenerationsconserveandpromotetheirnationalhistoricalandculturalheritages.精選寫作練習(xí)保護(hù)和推廣自己國(guó)家的歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)是年青一代不可避免13That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置3.It+be+v-ed+that-從句規(guī)律：it后面跟動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式，再接that從句無主語，理解成“據(jù)。。?！盜tissaidthattherehasbeenanearthquakeinIndia.Itisreportedthattheenemytroopshavecrossedtheborder.“人們”作主語，進(jìn)行主動(dòng)理解；或者直接砍掉，做肯定理解ItisbelievedthatJapaneseareweird.Itwasrumouredthathewassufferingfromakidneystone.ItmustbepointedoutthatEnglishisactuallynotdifficult.精選That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置3.It+be+v-ed14寫作練習(xí)人們普遍認(rèn)為國(guó)際旅游業(yè)促進(jìn)了跨文化交流。Itiswidelyacceptedthat…國(guó)際旅游業(yè)——internationaltourism促進(jìn)——promote跨文化交流——cross-culturalcommunicationItiswidelyacceptedthatinternationaltourismhaspromotedcross-culturalcommunication.精選寫作練習(xí)人們普遍認(rèn)為國(guó)際旅游業(yè)促進(jìn)了跨文化交流。精選15That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置4.It+vi.+that-從句；It+vt.+O+that-從句Ithappenedthatshewasnotinthatday.

碰巧Itturnedoutthatsheusedtobeaman.

結(jié)果是Itoccurredtomethatperhapsshewaslying.

突然想起Itstruckmethatweoughttomakeanewplan.

我忽然想起(strike)精選That引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置4.It+vi.+tha16寫作練習(xí)父母和教育家認(rèn)為，電視“成功”阻礙了孩子心理的發(fā)展。Itoccurstoparentsandeducatorsthat…asuccessfuldestroyer心理的發(fā)展——mentaldevelopmentItoccurstoparentsandeducatorsthatTVhasbeenasuccessfuldestroyerofchildren’smentaldevelopment.精選寫作練習(xí)父母和教育家認(rèn)為，電視“成功”阻礙了孩子心理的發(fā)展。17主語從句特殊疑問詞what,who,whom,which,where,when,why,how,whether——不能用if精選主語從句特殊疑問詞what,精選18人們是否應(yīng)該到了某一年齡就應(yīng)該被強(qiáng)制退休是一個(gè)公眾話題。atacertainagebeforcedtoretire公眾話題——publicfocusWhetherpeopleshouldbeforcedtoretireatacertainagehasbeenapubicfocus.精選人們是否應(yīng)該到了某一年齡就應(yīng)該被強(qiáng)制退休是一個(gè)公眾話題。精選19找到能夠處理我們?cè)絹碓蕉嗬牡胤绞窃S多政府都非常頭疼的一件事。處理——disposeofheadacheWherewecandisposeoftheincreasingrubbishisagreatheadachetomanygovernments.精選找到能夠處理我們?cè)絹碓蕉嗬牡胤绞窃S多政府都非常頭疼的一件20表達(dá)“越來越”的寫作升級(jí)(1)mounting+n.

※mounting修飾的名詞n.為

抽象、不可數(shù)名詞 Eg.mountingprice/criticism/complaint/praise精選表達(dá)“越來越”的寫作升級(jí)(1)mounting+n.21表達(dá)“越來越”的寫作升級(jí)(2)ever+adj.

比較級(jí)： TheEnglishexamisbecomingevermoredifficult.精選表達(dá)“越來越”的寫作升級(jí)(2)ever+adj.比較22表達(dá)“越來越”的寫作升級(jí)(3)increasing ①修飾可數(shù)名詞： anincreasingnumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ②修飾不可數(shù)名詞： anincreasingamountof+不可數(shù)名詞

③修飾形容詞：increasingly+adj.

TheEnglishexamisbecoming increasinglydifficult.精選表達(dá)“越來越”的寫作升級(jí)(3)increasing精選23賓語從句that類連接詞Expertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.不充當(dāng)成分只起到連接作用可以省略精選賓語從句that類連接詞精選24wh-連接詞謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語Iwonderwhyhedeservedhiswell-paidposition.介詞的賓語Thatwilldependonwhereweshallgo.不定式的賓語Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.精選wh-連接詞精選25賓語從句特殊疑問詞what,who,whom,which,where,when,why,how,whether——可以用if精選賓語從句特殊疑問詞what,精選26說到教育，大部分人認(rèn)為其是終生的學(xué)習(xí)。Whenitcomesto…themajorityof…alifetimestudyWhenitcomestoeducation,themajorityofpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.精選說到教育，大部分人認(rèn)為其是終生的學(xué)習(xí)。精選27他們聲稱，通過補(bǔ)習(xí)，孩子可以獲得很多實(shí)踐技能和有用的知識(shí)。補(bǔ)習(xí)——extrastudies聲稱——claim,maintainobtain,gainpracticalskillsusefulknowledgeByextrastudies,theymaintainedthattheirchildrenareabletoobtainmanykindsofpracticalskillsandusefulknowledge.精選他們聲稱，通過補(bǔ)習(xí)，孩子可以獲得很多實(shí)踐技能和有用的知識(shí)。精28一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，許多農(nóng)民工認(rèn)為在城市打工不僅有較高的收入，而且能學(xué)到一些新技術(shù)。show/demonstratefarmerlaborers/ruralemigrantsAninvestigationshowsthatmanyruralemigrantsconsiderthatworkingatcitiescanprovidethemwithnotonlyahighsalarybutalsotheopportunitytolearnnewskills.精選一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，許多農(nóng)民工認(rèn)為在城市打工不僅有較高的收入，而且29我想知道，這個(gè)做法是否經(jīng)得起推敲。經(jīng)得起推敲——bearcloseranalysisIwonderwhether/ifthispracticecanbearcloseranalysis.精選我想知道，這個(gè)做法是否經(jīng)得起推敲。精選30表語從句that類連接詞Thetruthisthathelacksthedecisivenesstobealeader.WhatIdislikeaboutthedealisthatitisreallydishonest.不充當(dāng)成分只起到連接作用不可以省略精選表語從句that類連接詞精選31表語從句——wh-類連接詞what,who,whom,which,where,when,why,how,whether——不能用if精選表語從句——wh-類連接詞what,精選32Theking’sconcerniswhowillsucceedtohisthrone.Thequestionputforwardbytheconsultantiswhatthemanagementistodowiththeworker’sstrike.精選Theking’sconcerniswhowill33其中一個(gè)爭(zhēng)論的問題是一個(gè)人是否應(yīng)選擇舒適的衣服，而不管是不是時(shí)尚。Oneofthequestionsunderdebate不管——regardlessofOneofthequestionsunderdebateiswhetherapersonshouldchoosecomfortableclothes,regardlessoffashion.精選其中一個(gè)爭(zhēng)論的問題是一個(gè)人是否應(yīng)選擇舒適的衣服，而不管是不是34被一些人忽視的是，國(guó)際旅游可能會(huì)給當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史帶來災(zāi)難性的影響。Whatsomepeoplefailtosee…災(zāi)難性的——disastrousimpactWhatsomepeoplefailtoseeisthatinternationaltourismmaybringaboutadisastrousimpactonourenvironmentandlocalhistory.精選被一些人忽視的是，國(guó)際旅游可能會(huì)給當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史帶來災(zāi)難性的35同位語從句很多（抽象）名詞后可以跟that引導(dǎo)的從句，說明其具體內(nèi)容，這樣的從句就是同位語從句。Thereisnodoubt

thathewasanexcellentscholar.Hewasconsciousofthefact

that

shedidnotapproveofwhathewasdoing.Wereceivedamessage

thathewouldbeabsent.精選同位語從句很多（抽象）名詞后可以跟that引導(dǎo)的從句，說36同位語從句舉例Wehaveproof

thatthismancommittedthecrime.Ihaveexpressedtheopinion

thatshecanact.Ihadtheimpression

thatshechoseherwordswithcare.精選同位語從句舉例Wehaveproofthatthis37后面經(jīng)常跟同位語從句的名詞doubt,fact,message,proof,opinion,hopes,impression,evidence,idea,belief,feeling,conclusion,rumour,report,possibility,guarantee,thought,assurance,news,story,order,etc.精選后面經(jīng)常跟同位語從句的名詞doubt,fact,mess38毫無疑問，需求的增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致了價(jià)格的上漲。Thereisnodoubtthat…Thereisnodoubtthattheincreaseindemandleadstotheriseinprices.精選毫無疑問，需求的增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致了價(jià)格的上漲。精選39當(dāng)今的年輕人以自我為中心、對(duì)人冷漠和不顧及他人這樣的事實(shí)，在很大程度上是孩童時(shí)期父母對(duì)他們過分縱容的結(jié)果。self-centeredindifferenceinconsiderateThefactthat

youngpeoplenowadaysareself-centered，indifferentandinconsiderateislargelytheoutcomeofparentaloverindulgence.精選當(dāng)今的年輕人以自我為中心、對(duì)人冷漠和不顧及他人這樣的事實(shí)，在40沒有人能否認(rèn)這一重要事實(shí)：最近幾年交通問題在全世界受到了普遍關(guān)注。Noonecandenytheessentialfactthat

…thetrafficproblemoverthelastyearshasattractedwidepublicconcernallovertheworld.精選沒有人能否認(rèn)這一重要事實(shí)：最近幾年交通問題在全世界受到了普遍41定語從句在句子中作為定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞“……的人”“……的東西”先行詞——連接詞關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,that,which,as關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why被修飾的名詞或者代詞精選定語從句在句子中作為定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞被修飾的名詞或者42關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(1)1.who,whom,that代替人Youngpeoplewhoabuse

theiragedparentsshouldbecondemned.Youngpeopleshouldbecondemned.Youngpeopleabusetheiragedparents.Youngpeople,abusingtheiragedparentsshouldbecondemned.精選關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(1)1.who,whom,th43養(yǎng)寵物能夠把孩子變成具有同情心的人。Petraising同情心——caringmindturn…intoPetraisingcanturnchildrenintocitizenswhohaveacaringmind.精選養(yǎng)寵物能夠把孩子變成具有同情心的人。精選44先行詞作賓語Thegirlswhoheemploysarealwayscomplainingabouttheirpay.Thegirlsarealwayscomplainingabouttheirpay.Heemploysthegirls.精選先行詞作賓語Thegirlswhoheemploys45先行詞作賓語ThemanwithwhomIwastravellingdidnotspeakEnglish.ThemandidnotspeakEnglish.Iwastravellingwiththeman.精選先行詞作賓語ThemanwithwhomIwas46醫(yī)生對(duì)病人說謊，病人可能活得更長(zhǎng)。enjoyalongerlifewhitelieApatientmayenjoyalongerlife.Doctorstellwhiteliestoapatient.Apatienttowhomdoctorstellwhiteliesmayenjoyalongerlife.精選醫(yī)生對(duì)病人說謊，病人可能活得更長(zhǎng)。精選47關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(2)2.whose,在定語從句中作定語,可以指人，也可以指物Youngsterswhosemindsarecorruptedbypornographiccontentsarehighlylikelytogoastray.Hesawahousewhosewindowwereallbroken.精選關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(2)2.whose,在定語從句中作48醫(yī)生會(huì)進(jìn)退兩難，如果他的病人身患癌癥。beinadilemmagetcancerAdoctorwhosepatientgetscancerwillbeinadilemma.精選醫(yī)生會(huì)進(jìn)退兩難，如果他的病人身患癌癥。精選49關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(3)3.which,that代替物Itisavirtuouscoursetoprovidethepoorwithgoodjobsthatallowthemtosupporttheirfamilies.精選關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句(3)3.which,that代50廣告上出現(xiàn)的具有欺騙性的、誤導(dǎo)性的內(nèi)容受到猛烈批評(píng)。cheatingandmisleadingadsandcommercialsCheatingandmisleadingmaterials,whichappearinadsandcommercials,havebeenstronglycriticized.精選廣告上出現(xiàn)的具有欺騙性的、誤導(dǎo)性的內(nèi)容受到猛烈批評(píng)。精選51關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句2.在從句中的成分——狀語where–地點(diǎn)狀語when–時(shí)間狀語why–原因狀語3.關(guān)系副詞=prep.+關(guān)系代詞精選關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句精選52Thisisthehotelwherewestayedlastsummer.Westayedinthehotellastsummer.where=inwhich精選Thisisthehotelwherewesta53Thereareoccasionswhenonemustlie.Thereareoccasions.Onemustlieonoccasion.when=onwhichThereareoccasionsonwhichonemustlie.精選Thereareoccasionswhenonem54Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouaresounhappy?why=forwhichCanyoutellmethereasonforwhichyouaresounhappy?精選Canyoutellmethereasonwhy55這就是富國(guó)拒絕幫助窮國(guó)的理由。Thisis

thereason…why;forwhichThisisthereasonwhyrichcountriesrefusetoaidtheirpoorcounterparts.精選這就是富國(guó)拒絕幫助窮國(guó)的理由。精選56限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句ThebeautyoverthereisYH’sgirlfriendwhodressesinred.ThebeautyoverthereisYH’sgirlfriend,whodressesinred.規(guī)律：非限定性定語從句，理解成插入語，或者直接刪除；限定性要翻譯理解成明確的定語。精選限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句Thebeautyove57名詞后that引導(dǎo)的從句名詞后面跟隨that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，一般有兩種可能：（1）that引起定語從句，該名詞是先行詞，在后面的句子中充當(dāng)成分，通常是主語或賓語；（2）that引起同位語從句，解釋說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。精選名詞后that引導(dǎo)的從句名詞后面跟隨that引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，一58名詞后that從句的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有兩個(gè)：第一，看名詞。如果that前面的名詞是具體名詞，那么that從句通常是定語從句；如果that前面的名詞是抽象名詞，那么that從句通常是同位語從句。精選名詞后that從句的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有兩個(gè)：精選59名詞后that從句的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第二，看從句。如果從句中缺少成分，一定是定語從句，而that在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木褪悄莻€(gè)缺少的成分，通常是主語或者賓語；如果從句內(nèi)容完整，一般是同位語從句，that在從句中沒有詞意，只起到引導(dǎo)作用。精選名詞后that從句的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第二，看從句。精選60名詞后that從句的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第三，看先行詞和從句的關(guān)系同位語從句和先行詞是同等的關(guān)系；定語從句是用來修飾先行詞，是從屬的關(guān)系。精選名詞后that從句的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第三，看先行詞和從句的關(guān)系精選61狀語從句狀語從句

狀語從句是行使?fàn)钫Z功能的從句，

其作用相當(dāng)于副詞，因此也稱為副詞性從句。精選狀語從句狀語從句精選62狀語從句種類：時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句方式狀語從句比較狀語從句精選狀語從句種類：精選631、時(shí)間狀語從句常見引導(dǎo)詞：

when,while,as,before,aftersince,untilassoonas;hardly…when;scarcely…when精選1、時(shí)間狀語從句常見引導(dǎo)詞：精選64當(dāng)有許多方法可以代替動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候，就沒有必要在動(dòng)物身上進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)了。alternativesItisunnecessaryto..Itisunnecessarytoconductexperimentsonanimalswhenthereareanumberofalternatives.精選當(dāng)有許多方法可以代替動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候，就沒有必要在動(dòng)物身上進(jìn)行65一旦食物鏈斷裂，整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)就會(huì)永久被改變。foodchain/webecosystemAssoonasthefoodchainisbroken,thewholeecosystemcouldbeforeverchanged.精選一旦食物鏈斷裂，整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)就會(huì)永久被改變。精選662.地點(diǎn)狀語從句where,wherever有人類的地方，野生動(dòng)物都被迫離開。Wildanimalsareforcedtoleavewhereverthereishumanity.精選2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句where,wherever精選673、原因狀語從句該從句表示原因,作原因狀語,引導(dǎo)詞包括:because,as,since,nowthat,considering(that)精選3、原因狀語從句該從句表示原因,作原因狀語,引導(dǎo)詞包括:精68because因?yàn)橛心繕?biāo)的人取得成功，因?yàn)樗麄兎较蛎鞔_。Peoplewithgoalssucceedbecausetheyknowwheretheyaregoing.精選because因?yàn)橛心繕?biāo)的人取得成功，因?yàn)樗麄兎较蛎鞔_。69as/since/for因?yàn)锳syouweren’tthere,Ileftamessage.Iwillseektobalancecareerandfamilysincebothareimportanttome.Iwilllaughforthisisthegreatsecretoflonglife.精選as/since/for因?yàn)锳syouwer70nowthat因?yàn)?既然

可以和since換用Nowthatyou’vepassedthetestyoucandriveonyourown.Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremembertheincident.精選nowthat因?yàn)?既然可以和since換用精選71considering(that)

考慮到

考慮到計(jì)劃還沒有實(shí)施，會(huì)議取消了。實(shí)施——carryoutTheconferencewascancelledconsideringthattheplanhasnotbeencarriedout.精選considering(that)

考慮到考慮到計(jì)724、結(jié)果狀語從句該從句表示結(jié)果，作結(jié)果狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：so…that,such…that精選4、結(jié)果狀語從句該從句表示結(jié)果，作結(jié)果狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：精選73so/such…that

如此…以至于Youthissowonderfulthatitisacrimetowasteit.Mostpeoplepursuepleasurewithsuchbreathlesshastethattheyhurrypastit.精選so/such…that

如此…以至于Youthis745、條件狀語從句該從句表示條件，作條件狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：

if,unless,incase,aslongas(solongas)assumingsuppose(supposing),provided(providing),精選5、條件狀語從句該從句表示條件，作條件狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：精選75if如果Justimaginehowhorribletheworldwouldbe，ifhumansaretheonlycreatureintheworld.精選if如果Justimaginehowhorrib76unless除非，如果不在意義上，相當(dāng)于

if…not要記住：如果沒有百分之百的把握就不要承諾任何事情。Don’tpromiseanythingunlessyouare100percentsure.精選unless除非，如果不在意義上，相當(dāng)于if…not精77incase假如要記?。杭偃缒闶×?，不要?dú)怵H。要繼續(xù)努力。Incaseyoufail,don’tbediscouraged.Keeptrying.精選incase假如要記?。壕x78as/solongas只要，如果要記住：只要一息尚存，我就要堅(jiān)持。Solongasthereisbreathinme,Ishallpersist.精選as/solongas只要，如果要記?。壕x79suppose(supposing)假如和if同義Suppose(supposing)youmakesomemistakes,itisnottheendoftheworld.精選suppose(supposing)假如和if80provided(providing)假如和if同義Providedthatyouhavethemoneyinyouraccount,youcanwithdrawupto$1000aday.精選provided(providing)假如和if816、目的狀語從句該從句表示目的，作目的狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：

sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat精選6、目的狀語從句該從句表示目的，作目的狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：精選82inorderthat/sothatHeleftearlyinorderthatheshould/would/might/arriveontime.精選inorderthat/sothatHelefte83lest,incase,forfearthat以防，以免Imustconcentrateonaction,lest/incase/forfearthatIwitherindespair.我們必須專注于行動(dòng)，以免在絕望中消沉下去。精選lest,incase,forfearthat以847、讓步狀語從句該句表示讓步關(guān)系，作讓步狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：

although,though,whileevenif,eventhough,no

matter(what,who,which,when,where,how)whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however精選7、讓步狀語從句該句表示讓步關(guān)系，作讓步狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：精85although/though/while

盡管,雖然although語氣較重盡管世界充滿苦難，但苦難總是能夠克服。Althoughtheworldisfullofsufferings,theycanalwaysbeovercome.盡管勝利并不重要，但努力去獲勝卻很重要。Whilewinningisnoteverything,tryingtowiniseverything.精選although/though/while

盡管,86although/though即使有時(shí)可以作evenif解釋Iwouldnotmarryyoualthough/thoughyouwerethelastmanonearth.精選although/though即使有時(shí)可以作even87evenif/eventhough即使，縱然Evenifyoutakeataxi,you’llstillmissyourtrain.Eventhoughyouapologize,shewillmaynotforgiveyou.精選evenif/eventhough即使，縱然精選88nomatter…

what,who,which,how,when,where=whatever,whoever,whichever,however,whenever,whereverWhereveryougo,whateveryoudo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou.RightHereWaiting此情可待精選nomatter…what,who,which,898、方式狀語從句該從句表示方式，作方式狀語，引導(dǎo)詞包括：

as,asif,asthough精選