傅獻彩《物理化學》（第5版）（下冊）配套題庫【考研真題精選＋章節(jié)題庫】

絎竴閮ㄥ垎銆€鑰冪爺鐪熼綺鵑€?/a>

涓€銆侀€夋嫨棰?/a>

1鍘熺數(shù)姹犲湪瀹氭俯瀹氬帇鍙€嗘潯浠朵笅鏀劇數(shù)鏃訛紝榪囩▼涓笌鐜浜ゆ崲鐨勭儹閲忓湪鏁板€間笂涓庝笅鍒楀摢涓噺鏁板€肩浉絳夛紵錛堛€€銆€錛?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[鍖椾含縐戞妧澶у2011騫寸爺]

A錛幬?sub>rHm

B錛庨浂

C錛嶵螖rSm

D錛幬?sub>rGm

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>C

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>絳夋俯鍙€嗚繃紼嬶紝Qr錛漈螖rSm銆?/p>

2閲囩敤瀵規(guī)秷娉曪紙鎴栫О琛ュ伩娉曪級嫻嬪畾鐢墊睜鐢?shù)鍔ㄥ娍鏃跺Q岄渶瑕侀€夌敤涓€涓爣鍑嗙數(shù)姹犮€傝繖縐嶆爣鍑嗙數(shù)姹犳墍鍏峰鐨勬渶鍩烘湰鏉′歡鏄紙銆€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[棣栭兘甯堣寖澶у2010騫寸爺]

A錛庣數(shù)鏋佸弽搴旂殑鍙€嗘€у緢澶э紝甯哥敤鍋氬弬姣旂數(shù)鏋?/p>

B錛庣數(shù)鍔ㄥ娍綺劇‘宸茬煡錛屼笌嫻嬮噺娓╁害鏃犲叧

C錛庣數(shù)姹犲彲閫嗭紝鐢?shù)鍔垮呬h湁鐑姏瀛︽剰涔?/p>

D錛庨珮搴﹀彲閫嗭紝鐢?shù)鍔ㄥ娍娓╁害绯绘暟灏忓Q岀ǔ瀹?/p>

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>D

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>鏍囧噯鐢墊睜鎸囨祴瀹氱數(shù)姹犵數(shù)鍔ㄥ娍鏃訛紝闇€瑕佺殑鐢?shù)鍔ㄥ娍宸茬煡鐨勻q朵笖紼沖畾涓嶅彉鐨勮緟鍔╃數(shù)姹犮€傚叾鐢墊睜鍐呯殑鍙嶅簲鏄彲閫嗙殑錛屼笖涓庢俯搴︾殑鍏崇郴寰堝皬銆?/p>

3涓哄歡闀垮緩絳戠墿鐨勫鍛藉拰闄嶄綆鎴愭湰錛屾渶濂戒笉鐢ㄤ笅闈㈠摢縐嶆按鏉ユ悈鎷岀敤浜庢祰娉ㄩ挗絳嬬殑娣峰嚌鍦燂紵錛堛€€銆€錛?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?010騫寸爺]

A錛庢渤姘?/p>

B錛庤秴綰按

C錛庢搗姘?/p>

D錛庡幓紱誨瓙姘?/p>

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>C

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>閽㈢瓔娣峰嚌鍦熺殑涓昏鎴愬垎鏄搧錛屾搗姘翠腑鍚湁澶氱鐭跨墿璐紝浼氫笌閾佸艦鎴愬師鐢墊睜錛岃€岃厫铓€閽㈢瓔銆?/p>

4涓€璐按閾佺涓婅鑵愯殌浜嗕竴涓礊錛屼粖鐢ㄤ竴閲戝睘鐗囩剨鎺ュ湪媧炲闈互鍫墊紡錛屼負浜嗗歡闀塊搧綆辯殑瀵垮懡錛岄€夌敤鍝閲戝睘鐗囦負濂斤紵錛堛€€銆€錛?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?010騫寸爺]

A錛庨晙閿￠搧

B錛庨搧鐗?/p>

C錛庨摐鐗?/p>

D錛庨攲鐗?/p>

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>D

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>涓轟簡杈懼埌闃茶厫铓€鐨勭洰鐨勶紝鐒婃帴鐨勯噾灞炲簲璇ヤ笌閾佹瀯鎴愬師鐢墊睜錛屼笖閫夋嫨鐨勯噾灞炵墖鐨勬椿鎬ц楂樹簬閾侊紝鎵€浠ヤ負閿岀墖銆?/p>

5鍙嶅簲A錛婤鈫扨絎﹀悎Arrhenius鍏紡錛屽綋浣跨敤鍌寲鍓傛椂錛屽叾媧誨寲鑳介檷浣庝簡80kJ路mol錛?/sup>1錛屽湪瀹ゆ俯錛?98K錛変笅榪涜鍙嶅簲鏃訛紝鍌寲鍓備嬌鍏跺弽搴旈€熺巼甯告暟綰︽彁楂樹簡錛堛€€銆€錛夊€嶃€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?010騫寸爺]

A錛?脳105

B錛?014

C錛?000

D錛?脳1012

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>B

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>鏍規(guī)嵁Arrhenius緇忛獙寮忕殑鎸囨暟寮?/p>

瑙ｅ緱

6鏌愬叿鏈夌畝鍗曠駭鏁扮殑鍙嶅簲錛岄€熺巼甯告暟k錛?.1dm3路mol錛?/sup>1路s錛?/sup>1錛岃搗濮嬫祿搴︿負0.1mol路dm錛?/sup>3錛屽綋鍙嶅簲閫熺巼闄嶈嚦璧峰閫熺巼鐨?/4鏃訛紝鎵€闇€鏃墮棿涓猴紙銆€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[鍖椾含鑸┖鑸ぉ澶у2010騫寸爺]

A錛?.1s

B錛?33s

C錛?0s

D錛?00s

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>D

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>鐢眐鐨勫崟浣嶅彲鐭ワ紝璇ュ弽搴斾負浜岀駭鍙嶅簲錛屽嵆鍙嶅簲閫熺巼涓庡弽搴旂墿嫻撳害鐨勪簩嬈℃柟鎴愭姣斻€傚綋鍙嶅簲閫熺巼闄嶈嚦璧峰閫熺巼鐨?/4鏃訛紝鍙嶅簲嫻撳害闄嶈嚦璧峰嫻撳害鐨?/2錛屽垯鎵€闇€鐨勬椂闂村嵆鍙嶅簲鐨勫崐琛版湡涓簍1/2錛?/錛坘cA錛?/sub>0錛夛紳[1/錛?.1脳0.1錛塢s錛?00s銆?/p>

7紼€婧舵恫鍙嶅簲S2O82錛?/sup>錛婭錛?/sup>鈫扨灞炲姩鍔涘鎺у埗鍙嶅簲錛屾寜鐓у師鐩愭晥搴旓紝鍙嶅簲閫熺巼k涓庣瀛愬己搴鐨勫叧緋諱負錛堛€€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?014騫寸爺]

A錛嶪澧炲ぇ錛宬鍙樺皬

B錛嶪澧炲ぇ錛宬涓嶅彉

C錛嶪澧炲ぇ錛宬鍙樺ぇ

D錛庢棤娉曠‘瀹氬叧緋?/p>

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>C

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>鍘熺洂鏁堝簲鏄璁烘憾娑茬殑紱誨瓙寮哄害瀵瑰弽搴旈€熺巼鐨勫獎鍝嶃€傚浜庡甫鍚岀鐢?shù)鑽风殑珏瓙闂寸殑鍙嶅簲锛屽弽搴旈€熺巼闅忕瀛愬己搴﹀澶ц€屽澶э紱瀵逛簬甯﹀紓縐嶇數(shù)鑽風殑紱誨瓙闂寸殑鍙嶅簲錛屽弽搴旈€熺巼闅忕瀛愬己搴﹀澶ц€屽噺灝忥紱鑻ヤ綔鐢ㄧ墿涔嬩竴鏄潪鐢?shù)瑙ｈ醇尲浾d瓙寮哄害瀵歸€熺巼鏃犲獎鍝嶃€?/p>

8鍏充簬鍏夊寲瀛﹀弽搴旂殑鐗圭偣錛屼互涓嬭娉曚笉姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸錛堛€€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[鍖椾含鑸┖鑸ぉ澶у2010騫寸爺]

A錛庢棤闇€媧誨寲鑳?/p>

B錛庡叿鏈夎壇濂界殑閫夋嫨鎬?/p>

C錛幬?sub>rGm澶т簬闆剁殑鍙嶅簲涔熻兘鍙戠敓

D錛庢俯搴︾郴鏁板皬

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>A

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>A欏癸紝鍏夊寲瀛﹀弽搴斾篃闇€瑕佹椿鍖栬兘錛屽叾媧誨寲鑳芥潵婧愪簬鍏夊瓙鐨勮兘閲忥紝嬋€鍙戣€屽厠鏈嶈兘鍨掞紱B欏癸紝鍏夊寲瀛︾涓€瀹氬緥鎸囧嚭鍙湁琚垎瀛愬惛鏀剁殑鍏夋墠鑳藉紩璧峰垎瀛愮殑鍏夊寲瀛﹀弽搴斻€傚嵆鍏夊寲瀛﹀弽搴斿叿鏈夎壇濂界殑閫夋嫨鎬э紱C欏癸紝璁稿鍏夊寲瀛﹀弽搴旇兘浣跨郴緇熺殑Gibbs鑷敱鑳藉鍔狅紝濡傛哀杞崲涓鴻嚟姘с€佹皚鐨勫垎瑙ｇ瓑錛汥欏癸紝鍦ㄥ厜鍖栧鍙嶅簲涓紝鍒嗗瓙鍚告敹鍏夊瓙鑰屾縺鍙戠殑姝ラ錛屽叾閫熺巼涓庢俯搴︽棤鍏籌紝鑰屽彈嬋€鍙戝悗鐨勫弽搴旀楠わ紝鍙堟槸媧誨寲鑳藉緢灝忕殑姝ラ錛屾墍浠ワ紝涓€鑸鏉ワ紝鍏夊寲瀛﹀弽搴旈€熺巼甯告暟鐨勬俯搴︾郴鏁拌緝?yōu)畯銆?/p>

9A鈫扨1涓嶣鈫扨2涓や釜鍙嶅簲鐨勬椿鍖栫創(chuàng)鐩哥瓑錛屼絾媧誨寲鐔電浉宸?0J路K錛?/sup>1路mol錛?/sup>1錛岄偅涔堝娓╋紙298K錛変笅鍏跺弽搴旈€熺巼甯告暟鐩稿樊錛堛€€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?010騫寸爺]

A錛?7鍊?/p>

B錛?0鍊?/p>

C錛?0鍊?/p>

D錛?00鍊?/p>

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>A

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>鍥犱袱涓弽搴旂殑媧誨寲鐒?chuàng)鐩附{夛紝鍒欐椿鍖栬兘涔熻繎浼肩浉絳夛紝褰撴椿鍖栫喌鐩稿樊30J路K錛?/sup>1路mol錛?/sup>1鏃訛紝鏍規(guī)嵁鍏紡

k錛漃exp錛埼擲/R錛塭xp[錛岴a/錛圧T錛塢

鍙緱涓や釜鍙嶅簲閫熺巼甯告暟鐨勬瘮鍊間負

k2/k1錛漞xp錛埼擲2/R錛嵨擲1/R錛夛紳exp錛?0/8.314錛夛紳37

10瀵逛簬鏈夎繃閲廗I瀛樺湪鐨凙gI婧惰兌錛岀數(shù)瑙ｈ川鑱氭矇鑳藉姏鏈€寮虹殑鏄紙銆€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?010騫寸爺]

A錛嶮gSO4

B錛嶧eCl3

C錛嶯aCl

D錛嶬3[Fe錛圕N錛?sub>6]

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>B

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>鑻gI婧惰兌涓璌I榪囬噺錛屽垯AgI鑳跺洟鐨勭粨鏋勪負{錛圓gI錛?sub>m路nI錛?/sup>路錛坣錛峹錛塊錛?/sup>}x錛?/sup>路xK錛?/sup>錛屽鑷磋兌浣撹〃闈㈠甫璐熺數(shù)鑽鳳紝鍥犳闃崇瀛愪環(huán)鏁拌秺楂橈紝鐢?shù)瑙ｈ川鑱氭矇鑳藉姏瓒婂己銆?/p>

11瀵逛簬甯︽鐢電殑Fe錛圤H錛?sub>3鍜屽甫璐熺數(shù)鐨凷b2S3婧惰兌緋葷粺鐨勭浉浜掍綔鐢紝涓嬪垪璇存硶姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸錛堛€€銆€錛夈€?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[鍖椾含鑸┖鑸ぉ澶у2010騫寸爺]

A錛庢販鍚堝悗涓€瀹氬彂鐢熻仛娌?/p>

B錛庢販鍚堝悗涓嶅彲鑳借仛娌?/p>

C錛庤仛娌変笌鍚﹀彇鍐充簬姝ｃ€佽礋鐢?shù)鑽烽噺鏄惁鎺q戞垨鐩哥瓑

D錛庤仛娌変笌鍚﹀彇鍐充簬Fe鍜孲b緇撴瀯鏄惁鐩鎬技

銆愮瓟妗堛€?/span>C

銆愯В鏋愩€?/span>甯︾浉鍙嶇數(shù)鑽風殑婧惰兌娣峰悎錛屽彧鏈夊綋涓ゆ憾鑳舵墍甯︾殑鐢?shù)鑽烽噺鐩附{夋椂錛屾墠浼氬畬鍏ㄨ仛娌夛紝鍚﹀垯鍙兘涓嶅畬鍏ㄨ仛娌夛紝鐢氳嚦涓嶈仛娌夈€?/p>

12瀵逛簬鍔ㄧ數(shù)鐢?shù)鍔垮Q堝嵆味鐢?shù)鍔垮Q夌殑鎻忚堪錛屼笅闈㈠摢涓€鐐逛笉姝ｇ‘錛燂紙銆€銆€錛?spanclass="ZhenTiTag">[涓浗縐戝鎶€鏈ぇ瀛?010騫寸爺]

A錛幬剁數(shù)鍔胯〃紺鴻兌浣撲笌婧舵恫鏈綋闂寸殑鐢?shù)鍔垮?/p>

B錛幬剁數(shù)鍔跨殑鍊奸殢澶栧