《E時代大學(xué)英語-讀寫教程4》Unit 五

UNIT5InfluentialFiguresE時代大學(xué)英語——讀寫教程4目錄CONTENTSPartⅠ.

Lead-inPartⅡ.StudyFocusPartⅢ.AbilityEnhancementPartⅣ.TranslationSkillsLead-inPartⅠPartⅠPartⅠⅠ

Influentialpeoplealwaysinspireusindifferentways.Watchthevideoandthensharewithyourpartnersaboutthesuccessfulrulesoftheinfluentialpeopleyouadmire.Thegivenexamplesareforyourreference.PartⅠⅠ

Influentialpeoplealwaysinspireusindifferentways.Watchthevideoandthensharewithyourpartnersaboutthesuccessfulrulesoftheinfluentialpeopleyouadmire.Thegivenexamplesareforyourreference.PartⅠⅡ

Howmanyinfluentialpeopledoyouknowintheworld?Discusswithyourpartnersandlistsomeofthemandtheirachievementsormasterpiecesyouknow.Thegivenexampleisforyourreference.ElonMuskHeisthefounderofSpaceXandcofounderofPayPal,TeslaMotors,andZip2._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SteveJobsHe'saco-founderofApple.BillGatesHe'sthefounderoftheMicrosoftcompany.LionelMessiHe'safamousArgentinefootballplayer.IsaacNewtonHe'safamousphysicist.Albert.EinsteinHewasconsideredthegreatestscientistofthe20thcenturyandoneofthegreatestofalltime.PartⅡStudyFocusPartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingPre-ReadingQuestions:1WhatdoyouknowaboutYuanLongping?2WhatcontributionsdidYuanLongpingmaketoourcountry?PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice1

ChinesechildrenreciteaTangDynastypoemthatcredits1thefarmer’ssweat2andtoil3forthericeontheirplates.Theyshouldalsoacknowledge4

cropscientistYuanLongping,the“fatherofhybridrice”,thehigher-yielding5cropthatfeedsbillions.2WhenMr.YuanLongpingpassedaway

on22May2021attheageof91,inChangsha,HunanProvince,China,thefieldofagriculturalsciencelostatruegiant6.Mr.YuanwasoneofthegreatestagriculturalscientistsofourtimeandaherowhowillbeforeverrememberedinChinaandaroundtheworld.Hedevotedhisentirelifetotheresearchofhybridriceandmadegreatcontributionstoglobalfoodsecurity

andpovertyalleviation.袁隆平：雜交水稻之父1中國的孩子都背誦過一首唐詩，該詩記載著農(nóng)民用汗水和辛苦勞作換來了盤子里的稻米。而他們還應(yīng)該感謝一位農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家，“雜交水稻之父”袁隆平，他培育出的高產(chǎn)作物養(yǎng)活了數(shù)十億人。22021年5月22日，袁隆平在中國湖南省長沙市逝世，享年91歲，農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域失去了一位真正的巨人。袁老是我們這個時代最偉大的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家之一，是會被中國乃至全世界永遠(yuǎn)銘記的英雄。他一生致力于雜交水稻的研究，為全球糧食安全和脫貧做出了巨大貢獻?！?/p>

credit

/?kred?t/v.tobelieveorsaythatsb.isresponsiblefordoingsth.,especiallysth.good認(rèn)為是……的功勞e.g.Allthecontributorsarecreditedonthetitlepage.所有撰稿人的姓名均刊登在扉頁上。

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sweat

/swet/n.dropsofliquidthatappearonthesurfaceofone’sskinwhenhe/sheishot,ill/sickorafraid汗水e.g.Growingyourownvegetablessoundslikealotofsweat.自己種菜吃恐怕很累。★

toil

/t??l/n.hardunpleasantworkthatmakespeopleverytired辛勤勞作e.g.Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,toil,tearsandsweat.我所能奉獻的只有熱血、辛勞、眼淚與汗水。

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acknowledge

/?k?n?l?d?/v.topubliclyexpressthanksforhelpyouhavebeengiven表示感謝；認(rèn)可（某人的成就、地位或品質(zhì)）e.g.Igratefullyacknowledgefinancialsupportfromseverallocalbusinesses.我對本地幾家企業(yè)的資助表示感謝。

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passaway去世e.g.ItwasthefirsttimethatIfoundlifecouldsoeasilypassaway.那是我第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)原來生命可以這樣輕易逝去。

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thefieldof

……領(lǐng)域e.g.Confuciuswasapioneerinthefieldofeducation.孔子是教育領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)。

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giant/?d?a??nt/n.apersonwhoisverygoodatsth.偉人；卓越人物e.g.Heisagiantofamanwithenormouscharisma.他有一個有超凡個人魅力的偉人。

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makegreatcontributionsto為……做出巨大貢獻e.g.Theymadegreatcontributionstotheirmotherland.他們?yōu)樽约旱淖鎳龀隽司薮筘暙I。

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foodsecurity食品安全；糧食安全e.g.Itishightimetoattachmoreimportancetofoodsecurity.現(xiàn)在正是重視對食品安全的時候。

★povertyalleviation脫貧e.g.Thisorganizationhasbeencommittingitselftopovertyalleviation.這個組織一直致力于脫貧。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice3YuanbecameoneofChina’smostfamousscientists,risingtodirecttheChinaNationalHybridRiceResearchandDevelopmentCenterinChangsha.WhentheOlympicscametoChinain2008,hecarriedthetorch7.4Askedaboutthesecrettohissuccess,helistedfourfactors:knowledge,hardwork,intuition8andopportunity,quotingLouisPasteur’ssayingthat“chancefavoursthepreparedmind”.3袁隆平是中國最富盛名的科學(xué)家之一，并在長沙國家雜交水稻工程技術(shù)研究中心擔(dān)任主任一職。2008年中國舉辦奧運會時，袁隆平是首棒火炬手。4當(dāng)被問及成功的秘訣時，他列舉了四個因素：知識、勤奮、直覺和機遇，并引用了路易斯·巴斯德的名言“機遇只偏愛有準(zhǔn)備的頭腦”。★

intuition/??ntju???(?)n/n.anideaorastrongfeelingthatsth.istruealthoughyoucannotexplainwhy直覺e.g.Herintuitionwastellingherthatsomethingwaswrong.她的直覺告訴她事情有些不對頭。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice5YuanLongpingwasbornon7September1930inBeiping,asBeijingwascalledatthetime.Hereceivedhisdegreeinagronomy9fromtheSouthwestAgriculturalUniversity(nowSouthwestUniversity)in1953.Subsequently,hebeganhisteachingcareeratAnjiangAgriculturalSchoolinHunanProvince,China.Inthefaceoftheseverefamine10ofthattime,hewasdeterminedtouseagriculturalscienceandtechnologytodefeatthethreatofhunger.Asricewasastaple11cropandhadgreatpotentialforyield12improvement,hebegantostudyricebreeding13

tosolvetheproblemoffoodshortages

inChinaandmanydevelopingcountries.51930年9月7日，袁隆平出生于北平，即現(xiàn)在的北京。1953年，他畢業(yè)于西南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)（現(xiàn)西南大學(xué)），并獲得農(nóng)學(xué)學(xué)位。隨后，他在中國湖南省安江農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)校開始了他的教學(xué)生涯。面對當(dāng)時的嚴(yán)重饑荒，他決心利用農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)來戰(zhàn)勝饑餓。由于水稻是（當(dāng)?shù)兀┲饕魑?，而且有很大的增產(chǎn)潛力，所以他開始研究水稻育種，以解決中國和許多發(fā)展中國家的糧食短缺問題。★

staple

/?ste?pl/adj.

formingabasic,largeorimportantpartofsth.主要的；基本的e.g.Riceisthestaplefoodofmorethanhalftheworld’spopulation.大米是世界半數(shù)以上人口的主食。

★yield

/ji?ld/n.

thetotalamountofcrops,profits,etc.thatareproduced產(chǎn)量e.g.Thisyear’syieldofwheatishigherthaneverbefore.今年小麥產(chǎn)量高于往年。

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breeding

/?bri?d??/n.

theproducingofyounganimals,plants,etc.育種；選育e.g.Theinventiondisclosesahigh-efficiencyricebreedingmethod.這項發(fā)明公開了一種高效水稻育種方法。

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foodshortages食物短缺e.g.Foodshortagesmayforcetownspeopleintothecountrytogrowtheirownfood.食物短缺可能會迫使城市人口來到鄉(xiāng)下自己種植糧食。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice6Inthesummerof1961,YuanLongpingunexpectedlyfoundan“outstanding”riceplantwithexcellentcharacteristics(largepaniclesandfullgrains).Aftercarefulanalysis,hesuggestedthatthis“outstanding”ricewasnaturalhybridrice—thereforeproposingthatricecouldbehybridized—whichcastdoubtsonthepopularauthoritativetheorythatself-pollinatedplants,suchasrice,hadnoheterosisandwerenotsuitableforhybridization.InanarticleintheApril1966issueofthepremiersciencejournal,ChineseScienceBulletin,Yuanreportedhisdiscoveryofmale-sterilericeplants.61961年夏天，袁隆平意外發(fā)現(xiàn)了一株“鶴立雞群”的，具有優(yōu)良性狀（圓錐花序大、籽粒飽滿）的水稻植株。經(jīng)過仔細(xì)分析，他認(rèn)為這一株“鶴立雞群”的水稻是自然雜交水稻，因此提出“水稻可以雜交”。這一想法對當(dāng)時流行的權(quán)威理論——自花授粉植物，如水稻，沒有雜種優(yōu)勢，不適合雜交——提出了質(zhì)疑。1966年4月，在最著名的科學(xué)雜志《科學(xué)通報》出版的一篇文章中，袁隆平報告了他發(fā)現(xiàn)的水稻的雄性不孕性。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice7YuanLongpinggainedconfidencebecauseofthe

emergence14

ofacleardirectionintheresearchandtheexpertise15onmale-sterile16

phenotype17.Bysuccessfullydevelopingthefirsthybridricevarieties,YuanLongpingmadetremendouscontributions.Theadvent18ofhigh-yieldhybridricegreatlyalleviatedChina’sfoodproblems,increasingtheyieldofconventional19ricebyabout20%.7由于明確了研究方向，并掌握了“雄性不育株”專業(yè)知識，袁隆平和他的團隊信心大增。而后，袁隆平成功培育出了第一個雜交水稻品種，（為提高水稻產(chǎn)量）做出了巨大的貢獻。高產(chǎn)雜交水稻的問世大大緩解了中國的糧食問題，使常規(guī)水稻的產(chǎn)量提高了20%左右?！?/p>

emergence/??m??d??ns/n.

theprocessofappearingorbecomingrecognized出現(xiàn)；顯現(xiàn)e.g.The1960ssawtheemergenceofmanynewnations.20世紀(jì)60年代出現(xiàn)了許多新興國家。

★expertise/?eksp???ti?z/n.

expertknowledgeorskillinaparticularsubject,activityorjob專業(yè)知識；專業(yè)技能；專長e.g.Idoubthisprofessionalexpertise.我對他的專業(yè)知識持懷疑態(tài)度。

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advent/??dvent/n.thecomingofanimportantevent,person,invention,etc.出現(xiàn)；到來e.g.Withtheadventofspring,everythingcomestolifeagain.隨著春天的到來，萬物復(fù)蘇了。

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conventional/k?n?ven??nl/adj.followingwhatistraditionalorthewaysth.hasbeendoneforalongtime傳統(tǒng)的；普通的e.g.conventionalmethods/approaches傳統(tǒng)方法

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice8Aftermakingsignificantprogressinthe1970s,YuanLongpinggenerouslysharedtheresultsofthethree-linemethodwithdomesticandinternationalagronomistsfornoprofit.In1980,hevolunteeredtodonatekeyricevarietiestotheinternationalcommunityandlatertrainedfarmersinAfrica,SoutheastAsia,andSouthAsiatogrowhybridrice.Thehybridricetechnologyhasbeenintroducedandpromotedinmorethan40countriesaroundtheworld,andthecultivated20

areaoutsideChinahasattained9millionhectares21.

820世紀(jì)70年代，在雜交水稻研究取得重大進展后，袁隆平慷慨地將三系法育種的研究成果無償分享給了國內(nèi)外農(nóng)學(xué)家。1980年，他主動向國際社會捐贈主要雜交水稻品種，后來又培訓(xùn)非洲、東南亞、南亞等地的農(nóng)民種植雜交水稻。雜交水稻技術(shù)已在全球40多個國家推廣，除中國以外，其種植面積已達到900萬公頃?！?/p>

cultivated/?k?lt?ve?t?d/adj.grownonafarm,etc.inordertobesold（土地）用于耕作的e.g.90%ofthelandiscultivated.90%的土地是可耕種的。

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attain/??te?n/adj.toreachaparticularage,levelorcondition達到（某年齡、水平、狀況）e.g.Thecheetahcanattainspeedsofupto97kph.獵豹的奔跑速度每小時可達97公里。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice9YuansawagricultureashisvocationandcontinuedvisitingtheHainanresearchstationuntilhehadafallinMarch,2021.Theonlyconcession22hemadetooldagewasdrivingtothefields,insteadofwalkingorbicyclingasearlierinlife.Tothelast,heexpressedoptimismintheendlesspossibilitiesofscienceandtechnology,andthatthenextyieldincrease,withthepotentialtocontributetoworldfoodsecurityandpeace,iswithinreach.9袁隆平將農(nóng)學(xué)視為自己的事業(yè)，并一直在（國家雜交水稻工程技術(shù)研究中心）海南基地做研究，直到2021年3月摔傷。他晚年唯一一次妥協(xié)就是開車去田間，而不是像年輕時那樣步行或騎自行車前往。直到生命的最后一刻，他還表達了對科學(xué)和技術(shù)無限可能性的樂觀態(tài)度，并表示下一次增產(chǎn)就在眼前，而且可能會對世界糧食安全與和平也有所貢獻?！?/p>

concession/k?n?se?n/n.somethingthatyouallowordo,orallowsb.tohave,inordertoendanargumentortomakeasituationlessdifficult讓步；妥協(xié)e.g.winaconcessionfromsb.取得某人的讓步amajor/animportantconcession重大讓步

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asearlier與先前一樣e.g.Gettingthedataisthesameasearlier.獲取數(shù)據(jù)的方法與之前相同。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice10YuanLongpinghaswonnumeroustitlesandawardsthroughouthislife,butthesewerenothispursuits.Ina2019interviewwithChinaCentralTelevision,hesaidthathehadtwodreams:onewas“forsuperricetogrowtallerthansorghum23,withthestems24

ofeachearaslongasabroom25,andeachgrainasbigasapeanut26”,sohecould“enjoythecoolunderneath27thericecrops”;theotherwasfor“hybridricetobegrownallovertheworld”.Fordecades,Mr.Yuanandcountlessresearchersworkedhardtorealizethesedreams.10袁隆平一生中獲得了無數(shù)的頭銜和獎項，但這些都不是他追求的。在2019年中國中央電視臺采訪中，袁隆平表示他有兩個夢想：一個是“水稻長得有高粱那么高，穗子像掃把那么長，顆粒像花生那么大”，這樣他就可以“禾下乘涼”；另一個是“雜交水稻覆蓋全球”。數(shù)十年來，袁老和無數(shù)科研人員都在為實現(xiàn)這兩個夢想而努力。★

stem

/stem/n.themainlongthinpartofaplantabovethegroundfromwhichtheleavesorflowersgrow;asmallerpartthatgrowsfromthisandsupportsflowersorleaves莖e.g.Themainstemwillextendto12ftiflefttodevelopnaturally.如果讓自然生長，其主干會長到12英尺高。

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underneath/??nd??ni?θ/

prep.

underorbelowsth.else,especiallywhenitishiddenorcoveredbythethingontop在……下面e.g.Thespaceunderneathcouldbeusedasastoragearea.下面的空間可被用作一個儲藏區(qū)。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingYuanLongping:FatherofHybridRice11Mr.YuanLongpinggeneratedhigh-yieldhybridricebyproposingplantgenetictheoriesandachievingpracticalfieldproduction.Hisbreakthroughboostedthedevelopmentandapplicationofhigh-yieldhybridrice,andimportantcontributionswerealsomadebymanyothertalentedriceresearchers.Mr.Yuan’slegacyisnotonlytheprogressofhybridrice—hiscuriosity,devotion,courage,perseverance28,diligence,cooperationandselflessness29haveleftanindelible30

spiritual31

wealthtousall.(755words)11袁隆平先生提出植物遺傳理論，并結(jié)合田間實際生產(chǎn)，研究出了高產(chǎn)雜交水稻。他的這一突破促進了高產(chǎn)雜交水稻的開發(fā)和食用，其他許多優(yōu)秀的水稻研究人員也對此做出了重要貢獻。袁老留下的不僅是雜交水稻技術(shù)上的進步，他的好奇心、奉獻精神、勇氣、毅力、勤奮、協(xié)作和無私也是留給我們不可磨滅的精神財富。★

perseverance/?p??s??v??r?ns/

n.thequalityofcontinuingtotrytoachieveaparticularaimdespitedifficulties毅力；不屈不撓的精神e.g.Theonlywaytoimproveisthroughhardworkanddoggedperseverance.要更上一層樓，唯一的途徑就是艱苦奮斗，不屈不撓。

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selflessness

/?selfl?sn?s/

n.

thequalityofunselfishconcernforthewelfareofothers無私e.g.Anotherimportantqualitytolookforafriendisselflessness.交朋友的另一個重要品質(zhì)是無私。

★

spiritual/?sp?r?t?u?l/

adj.

connectedwiththehumanspirit,ratherthanthebodyorphysicalthings精神的；心靈的e.g.We’reconcernedaboutyourspiritualwelfare.我們擔(dān)心你的心理健康。

PartⅡProperNames1TangDynasty 唐代2LouisPasteur 路易斯·巴斯德，法國微生物學(xué)家、化學(xué)家，近代微生物學(xué)的奠基人3ChinaNationalHybridRiceResearchandDevelopmentCenter

中國雜交水稻國家研究工程技術(shù)中心4SouthwestAgriculturalUniversity

西南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)，2005年與西南師范大學(xué)合并組建西南大學(xué)5SouthwestUniversity 西南大學(xué)6AnjiangAgriculturalSchool 安江農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)校，2003年與懷化機電工程學(xué)校合并，升格組建

成湖南省懷化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院7SoutheastAsia 東南亞地區(qū)8SouthAsia 南亞地區(qū)9ChinaCentralTelevision 中國中央電視臺，2018年3月，中國中央電視臺、中央人民廣

播電臺、中國國際廣播電臺組建中央廣播電視總臺PartⅡNotes1TheyshouldalsoacknowledgecropscientistYuanLongping,“thefatherofhybridrice”,thehigher-yieldingcropthatfeedsbillions.(Para.1)

他們還應(yīng)該感謝被稱為“雜交水稻之父”的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家袁隆平研發(fā)了雜交水稻這種高產(chǎn)農(nóng)作物，養(yǎng)活了數(shù)十億人。“thefatherofhybridrice”為同位語，對YuanLongping進行補充說明；thehigher-yieldingcropthatfeedsbillions也是同位語，對hybridrice進行解釋說明；“thatfeedsbillions”為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞crop。PartⅡNotes

Asricewasastaplecropandhadgreatpotentialforyieldimprovement,hebegantostudyricebreedingtosolvetheproblemoffoodshortagesinChinaandmanydevelopingcountries.(Para.5)由于水稻是主要農(nóng)作物，具有很大的增產(chǎn)潛力，他開始研究水稻育種，以解決中國和許多發(fā)展中國家的糧食短缺問題?！癆sricewas...yieldimprovement”是as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句；developingcountries的意思是“發(fā)展中國家”。PartⅡExercisesComprehensionⅠ

ThefollowingchartisChusovitina’ssevenOlympicsrecord.Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblank.Paras.1-4YuanLongpingwillbeforeverrememberedforhiscontributionstotheworld.Paras.5-9ThereasonYuanwhyLongpingbegantostudyricebreedingandthecontributionshemadetotheworld.Paras.10-11TwodreamsofYuanLongpingandMr.Yuan’slegacytous.PartⅡⅡAnswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonTextA.1

WhendidYuanLongpingpassaway?Mr.YuanLongpingpassedawayon22May2021.2

WhydidYuanLongpingstudyhybridriceatthebeginning?HebegantostudyricebreedingtosolvetheproblemoffoodshortagesinChinaandmanydevelopingcountries.PartⅡⅡAnswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonTextA.3WhendidYuanLongpingfindan“outstanding”riceplantwithexcellentcharacteristics?Inthesummerof1961.4WhatcontributiondidYuanLongpingmaketotheworld?Hebredhybridriceandintroducedandpromotedthehybridricetechnologyinmorethan40countriesaroundtheworld,whichhelpedsolvetheproblemofglobalfoodsecurityandpovertyalleviation.PartⅡⅢDiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.1WhatdoesYuanLongping’sstorymeantoyou?2AreyouinspiredbyYuanLongping?Inwhatway?PartⅡⅣReadtheparagraph10thaloudandreciteit.YuanLongpinghaswonnumeroustitlesandawardsthroughouthislife,butthesewerenothispursuits.Ina2019interviewwithChinaCentralTelevision,hesaidthathehadtwodreams:onewas“forsuperricetogrowtallerthansorghum,withthestemsofeachearaslongasabroom,andeachgrainasbigasapeanut”,sohecould“enjoythecoolunderneaththericecrops”;theotherwasfor“hybridricetobegrownallovertheworld”.Fordecades,Mr.Yuanandcountlessresearchersworkedhardtorealizethesedreams.PartⅡExercisesLanguageFocusWordstoPracticeacknowledgeunderneathyieldexpertisecultivatedemergencecreditgiantstapleintuition1Peopleinthistown___________mainlyriceandbeans.2Alltheapplicantsfortheposthadtherelevant___________todothejob.3Igratefully_______________financialsupportfromseverallocalbusinesses.4Theaveragemilk_____________percowhasdoubled.5Theyexplorethe___________ofanindustrialmachine.6Hertactand___________neverfailed.7Itiswell-knownthatbambooshootsareapanda’s____________diet.8YuanLongpingwillberememberedasatrue____________inthefieldofagriculturalscience.9Thecompanyis__________withinventingtheindustrialrobot.10Theballrolled_____________thetable.cultivateFillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheform(s)wherenecessary.expertiseacknowledgeyieldemergenceintuitionstaplegiantcredite

underneathPartⅡExpressionstoPracticeFillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow.Changetheform(s)wherenecessary.passaway makegreatcontributionsto foodsecurityfoodshortage fornoprofit1Hestartedthenewbusiness__________________.2“__________________”isaeuphemism(委婉說法)for“die”.3Ifthecropsfail,therewillbeaserious__________________.4__________________hasbecomeacriticalissue.5He______________________________theinventionofthecomputer.fornoprofitPassaway foodshortageFoodsecuritymakesgreatcontributionstoPartⅡWordBuildingⅠ

FindthewordlegendaryinTextA.Doyouknowthemeaningofthesuffix-ary?Lookatthefollowingwords,andthenformnewwordsbyaddingormoving-ary.1determine __________________ 2gift ________________3delighted __________________ 4frighten ________________5interest __________________ 6excited ________________determined gifteddelightfrightenedinterestedexcite

PartⅡWordBuildingⅡ

Fillintheblankswiththenewly-formedwordsinExerciseI.Changetheform(s)wherenecessary.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.1 Iwasvery______________andclingingonlikemad.2 Hisattitudesuggeststhatheisn’treally________________.3 Witha_______________effort,theyfinishedthethree-daytaskinasingleday.4 Sherubbedherhandsin______________.5 Heisaconfidentand_______________Chinesephotographer.6 Activeprojectsthatstill______________youandhaveapurpose.frightenedinteresteddetermineddelightgifted excitePartⅡWordBuildingⅢ

FindthewordnaturalinTextA.Doyouknowthemeaningoftheaffix-al?Lookatthefollowingwords,andthenformnewwordsbyaddingormoving-al.1 convention________________ 2person _________________3 regional ________________ 4exception _________________5 music ________________ 6refusal _________________conventionalpersonalregionexceptionalmusicalrefusePartⅡWordBuildingⅣFillintheblankswiththenewly-formedwordsinExerciseIII.Changetheform(s)wherenecessary.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.1Doctorshavetolaytheir______________feelingsasideduringtheirwork.2I________________tocompromisemyprinciples.3Theirtechnicalabilityis_______________.4Inmanycompanies,the__________________formoforganisationisgivingwaytoanetworkofteams.5Shewasbornintoa_______________family.6This_______________issteepedintradition.personalrefuse

exceptionalconventionalmusicalregionPartⅡFillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.StephenWilliamHawkingisoneoftheworld’sleadingtheoretical1.Hewasbornon8January1942(300yearsafterthedeathofGalileo)inOxford,England.AtelevenStephenwenttoSt.Albansschool,andthenontoUniversityCollege,Oxford,hisfather’soldcollege.StephenwantedtodoMathematics,althoughhisfatherwouldhave2medicine.Mathematicswasnot3atUniversityCollege,sohedidPhysicsinstead.Afterthreeyearsandnotverymuchworkhewasawardedafirst-classhonours4inNaturalScience.StephenthenwentontoCambridgetodoresearchinCosmology(宇宙學(xué)),therebeingnooneworkinginthatareainOxfordatthetime.

IphysicistsBankedClozeAnecessaryBtheoreticalCpreferredDboundaryEdegreeFemitGavailableHdisappearIphysicistsJdisease

Cpreferred

Gavailable

EdegreePartⅡStephenHawkinghasworkedonthebasiclawswhichgoverntheuniverse.WithRogerPenroseheshowedthatEinstein’sGeneralTheoryofRelativityimpliedspaceandtimewouldhaveabeginningintheBigBangandanendinblackholes.Theseresultsindicateditwas5tounifyGeneralRelativitywithQuantumTheory.Oneconsequenceofsuchaunificationhediscoveredwasthatblackholesshouldnotbecompletelyblack,butshould6radiationandeventuallyevaporateand7.Anotherconjectureisthattheuniversehasnoedgeor8inimaginarytime.Thiswouldimplythatthewaytheuniversebeganwascompletelydeterminedbythelawsofscience.Hawkinghasamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS),aneuromuscular9thatgraduallyparalysedhim.Henowcommunicatesusingasinglecheekmuscleattachedtoaspeech-generatingdevice.StephenHawkingcontinuestocombinefamilylifeandhisresearchinto10physicstogetherwithanextensiveprogrammeoftravelandpubliclectures.

AnecessaryBankedCloze

Femit

Hdisappear

Dboundary

Jdisease

BtheoreticalPartⅡTranslationⅠTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothewordsorphrasesinbold.Mr.YuanwasoneofthegreatestagriculturalscientistsofourtimeandaherowhowillbeforeverrememberedinChinaandaroundtheworld._____________________________________________________________________________Askedaboutthesecrettohissuccess,helistedfourfactors:knowledge,hardwork,intuitionandopportunity,quotingLouisPasteur’ssayingthat“chancefavoursthepreparedmind”.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bysuccessfullydevelopingthefirsthybridricevarieties,YuanLongpingmadetremendouscontributions.______________________________________________________________________________袁老是我們這個時代最偉大的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家之一，是會被中國乃至全世界永遠(yuǎn)銘記的英雄。當(dāng)被問及成功的秘訣時，他列舉了四個因素：知識、勤奮、直覺和機遇，并引用了路易斯·巴斯德的名言“機遇只偏愛那些有準(zhǔn)備的頭腦”。袁隆平成功培育出了第一個雜交水稻品種，做出了巨大的貢獻。PartⅡTranslationThehybridricetechnologyhasbeenintroducedandpromotedinmorethan40countriesaroundtheworld,andthecultivatedareaoutsideChinahasattained9millionhectares.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YuanLongpinghaswonnumeroustitlesandawardsthroughouthislife,butthesewerenothispursuits.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________雜交水稻技術(shù)已在全球40多個國家推廣，除中國以外，其種植面積已達到900萬公頃。袁隆平一生中獲得了無數(shù)的頭銜和獎項，但這些都不是他追求的。ⅠTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothewordsorphrasesinbold.PartⅡⅡTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesinbrackets.1袁隆平的雜交水稻研究讓他成了一名民族英雄。（hybridrice）____________________________________________________________________________________________________2水稻是中國人最重要的主食之一。（staple）____________________________________________________________________________________________________3這不是什么秘密，袁隆平的經(jīng)歷可以概括為：好奇心、有奉獻精神、勇氣、毅力、勤奮、合作和無私。（curiosity,devotion,courage,diligence,cooperation）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4比爾?蓋茨是微軟公司的創(chuàng)始人。（founder）____________________________________________________________________________________________________5斯蒂芬?霍金是為數(shù)不多的科學(xué)名人之一。（celebrity）____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yuan’sresearchonhybridricehasmadehimanationalhero.RiceisoneofthemostimportantstaplefoodsforChinesepeople.ItisnosecretthatYuanLongping’sexperiencecanbesummarizedascuriosity,devotion,courage,diligenceandcooperation.BillGatesisthefounderofMicrosoft.StephenHawkingisararecelebrityscientist.PartⅡⅢTranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.屠呦呦，女，1930年12月30日生，藥學(xué)家，從事中藥和中西藥結(jié)合研究，突出貢獻是創(chuàng)制新型抗瘧藥——青蒿素和雙氫青蒿素。2011年9月，獲得被譽為諾貝爾獎“風(fēng)向標(biāo)”的拉斯克獎。2015年10月，因發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素治療瘧疾的新療法獲諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎。屠呦呦是第一位獲得諾貝爾科學(xué)獎項的中國本土科學(xué)家、第一位獲得諾貝爾生理醫(yī)學(xué)獎的華人科學(xué)家。2016年4月21日，屠呦呦入選《時代周刊》公布的2016年度“全球最具影響力人物”。（參考詞匯：藥學(xué)家pharmacognosist；瘧疾malaria；青蒿素artemisinim；雙氫青蒿素dihydroartemisinim；拉斯克獎LaskerReward）PartⅡⅢTranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.YouyouTu,female,borninDec.30th1930,pharmacognosist,workingonthejointo