江西省新余市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)答案

新余市2022—2023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高三英語(yǔ)試題(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無(wú)效。5.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlike?ARainy.B.Sunny.C.Snowy.2.Whatwillthewomando?A.Washthedishes.B.Cleanthetoilet.C.Tidyupthebooks.3.Whydidpeoplevoteforthewoman?A.Sheispopular.B.Sheisclever.C.Sheisreliable.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutengineering?A.It’sdifficult.B.It’sinteresting.C.It’sboring.5.Whatdoesthemanlikebestabouttheboxofchocolates?A.Thesize.B.Theamount.C.Thevariety.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhathappenedtoLucy’ssister?A.Shewasill.B.Shefoundanewjob.C.Shecouldn’tsleepatnight.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Brotherandsister.C.Friends.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cleaningahouse.B.Lookingaroundahouse.C.Decoratingahouse.9.Whatisthewoman?A.Acleaner.B.Arenter.C.Agardener.10.Howmuchisthehouseworthnow?A.Onemilliondollars.B.Fourmilliondollars.C.Eightmilliondollars.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheman’sfavoritevideogameprobably?A.Minecraft.B.GenshinImpact.C.HonorofKings.12.WhatgamemodedoesthewomanliketousewhenplayingMinecraft?A.AdventureMode.B.SurvivalMode.C.CreativeMode.13.WhatdoesthewomansuggestthemansearchforfirstwhenplayingMinecraft?A.Wool.B.Wood.C.Iron.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inatrainstation.C.Inahotel.15.Howmanydayswillthebikeridelast?A.Six.B.Seven.C.Eight.16.Howwillthespeakersreachthehotelfromthevillage?A.Bytrain.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.17.What’stheman’sattitudetowardsthewoman’sidea?A.Doubtful.B.Worried.C.Supportive.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhereisMont-Saint-Michellocated?A.InEngland.B.InFrance.C.InIreland.19.Whenwasthechurchbuiltontheisland?A.Inthe8thcentury.B.Inthe6thcentury.C.Inthe3rdcentury.20.Whywerethegreatwallsbuilt?A.Forshelter.B.Forpleasure.C.Fordefense.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列材料，全科免費(fèi)下載公眾號(hào)《高中僧課堂》從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AAreyouinterestedinrobot-science?Whatdoyouthinkrobotsarecapableof?Let’shaveareviewofworld-leadingtechnologygatheredattheWorldRobotConference(WRC)2022.TechnologyinagricultureAfruit-pickingrobotattractedvisitors’attention.WiththehelpofvarioussensorsandanAIsystem,therobotcancollectfruitaccordingtoitsripeness,qualityandsize.Therobotfirstlocatesthefruitandthenusessensorstodecidewhetheritisripe,witharoboticarmpickingthefruitgently.Thefruitisthencategorized,endingupinabasketaccordingtoitssize.Itissaidthatmorerobotictechnologywillbeusedinagricultureinthefuture,includingrobotsfordailyinspectionandweeding.RobotsfightingCovid-19Medicalstaffconductingnucleicacidtestsoftenfindtheirworktoilsome,especiallyunderthesummerheat.AnucleicacidtestrobotdevelopedbyTsinghuaUniversityandaChinesebiotechcompanywaspresentedattheWRC.Itlookslikeavendingmachine,buttherobotcancollectthroatswabs(拭子),processsamples,aswellasproduceanduploadtheresultswithin45minutes.Thewholeprocesswillnotrequiretheinvolvementofhumansorlaboratories.InventionsoftheyouthThosevisitingtheexhibitalsowitnessedtheintelligenceofanewgeneration.WangZirun,ajuniorstudentattheschool,designedathree-dimensionalparkingfacilitymodel.Sincethereareusuallytoofewparkingspacesinolderresidentialareas,Wang’sworkaimstofitmorecarsintocurrentparkingspots.Thefacilityworkslikeaskywheelwithsixparkingspots.Whencarsneedtobepickedup,thefacilityrotatessteadily,placingthecarontheground.1.Whyistheparkingfacilitydesignedlikeaskywheel?A.Tomakethemostoflimitedspace.B.Topreventcarsfrombeingstolen.C.Toincreasegroundparkingspaces.D.Tosavebuildingmaterials.2.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Humancanbereplacedbytherobotinthefuture.B.TheWRCisintendedtoinspiretheintelligenceofayounggeneration.C.Alltheinventionsmentionedhavebeenputintopracticaluse.D.Boththefruit-pickingrobotandthenucleicacidtestrobotcansavemanpower.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Asciencemagazine.C.Atechnologytextbook.D.Aproductadvertisement.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)上的幾款新研發(fā)的機(jī)器人?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Inventionsoftheyouth中的“Sincethereareusuallytoofewparkingspacesinolderresidentialareas,Wang’sworkaimstofitmorecarsintocurrentparkingspots.Thefacilityworkslikeaskywheelwithsixparkingspots.Whencarsneedtobepickedup,thefacilityrotatessteadily,placingthecarontheground.(由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位通常太少，王子潤(rùn)的作品旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。該設(shè)施就像一個(gè)空中摩天輪，有六個(gè)停車位。當(dāng)需要取車時(shí)，該設(shè)備會(huì)穩(wěn)定旋轉(zhuǎn)，將汽車放置在地面上。)”可知，由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位太少，所以王子潤(rùn)設(shè)計(jì)了這樣一款機(jī)器人，旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。由此可推之，王子潤(rùn)的設(shè)計(jì)目的在于最大程度地利用停車空間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Technologyinagriculture中的“WiththehelpofvarioussensorsandanAIsystem,therobotcancollectfruitaccordingtoitsripeness,qualityandsize.Therobotfirstlocatesthefruitandthenusessensorstodecidewhetheritisripe,witharoboticarmpickingthefruitgently.(在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來(lái)收水果。機(jī)器人首先定位水果，然后用傳感器判斷它是否成熟，機(jī)械臂輕輕采摘水果。)”可知，在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來(lái)收水果。由此可推知，這種機(jī)器人的應(yīng)用可以節(jié)省人力。根據(jù)文章RobotsfightingCovid-19中的“Thewholeprocesswillnotrequiretheinvolvementofhumansorlaboratories.(整個(gè)過(guò)程不需要人類或?qū)嶒?yàn)室的參與。)”可知，用來(lái)采集核酸的機(jī)器人不需要人類或?qū)嶒?yàn)室的參與，這也節(jié)省了人力。由此可推知，這兩種機(jī)器人都能節(jié)省人力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了三款2022年世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)上出現(xiàn)的新研發(fā)的機(jī)器人，包括其功能和優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此可推知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)科技方面的期刊雜志上。故選B項(xiàng)。BLikemostforeignersfromEnglish-speakingcountries,Holt’sfirstjobinChinawasteachingEnglishintrainingcentersandmiddleschools.SinceNovember,2021,hehasbeenateacheratNewChannel,aBeijing-basedlanguagetraininginstitute.“Iteachthemtheater,”hesaid.Holtwasveryshyasakid.Inthefirstgrade,hewasinvitedto“star”inRomeoandJuliet.Hedeclined.Buthisteacherinsistedongivinghimthebiggestpart.“Hegavemethepowertoempower(給予力量)myself,”Holtexplained.Heintendedtopassonthatsamefeeling.SohestudiedtheaterandeducationattheEvergreenStateCollegeintheUS,andthenwenttoAsia,firsttheRepublicofKorea,thenChina.“TeachingtheaterandpublicspeakinginChinaiswonderful,”hesaid.Trainingaside,heandhiscolleaguesalsoadaptChinesestories,likeTheMonkeyKing,intoEnglishscreenplaysforstudents.“Childrenliterallywanttobeasdramaticaspossibleinsteadofjustrecitingwords,”hesaid.Butteachingisnotallit’scrackeduptobe.“Thebiggestchallengeistogettheintroverted(內(nèi)向的)kids—oradults—tospeakup,”Holtadded.Makingtheshyestkidthedirectorisoneofhismethodstobuildthemup.Andthechangewiththemisnoticeable:studentswho’dbarelyutterawordbeforeendupbeingtheloudestpersonintheroom.“Ilovetoseethatturnaround,”Holtsaid.Hisfutureplanistogetasmanychildrenaspossibletofeelmoreempowered,and“maketheateralittlebridge”betweenChinaandothercountries.Artmakesforauniversalconversationstart.Despitedisagreementsamongdifferentcountries,peoplefromdifferentcountriescangetalongwellthroughart.“Ithinkit’sareallypowerfulthingthatwecanallshare,”hesaid.4.HowdidHoltreactwheninvitedto“star”inRomeoandJuliet?A.Hedidn’tshowinterestintheleast.B.Hejoinedinwithoutanyhesitation.C.Hewonderedifhecouldplaytherole.D.Heturneditdownowingtoshyness.5.WhichofthefollowingdoesHoltwanttoconveyabouttheatre?A.Itcanremoveallbarriersbetweencultures.B.Itcangiveshychildrenpowertospeakup.C.Itcanhelpchildrenovercomeanychallenge.D.Itcanchangeconventionalteachingmethods.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthelastparagraphmean?A.Makesup.B.Takesover.C.Resultsin.D.Breaksdown.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Artbuildsaculturalbridge.B.Theateristobeatrendinteaching.C.ArtappealstokidsinChina.D.Theaterwillmakeallkidsloveart.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)霍爾特的故事，說(shuō)明了藝術(shù)是世界文化的橋梁。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Holtwasveryshyasakid.Inthefirstgrade,hewasinvitedto“star”inRomeoandJuliet.Hedeclined.SohestudiedtheaterandeducationattheEvergreenStateCollegeintheUS,andthenwenttoAsia,firsttheRepublicofKorea,thenChina.(霍爾特小時(shí)候很害羞。一年級(jí)時(shí)，他被邀請(qǐng)出演《羅密歐與朱麗葉》。他拒絕了。)”可知，霍爾特小時(shí)候很害羞，所以當(dāng)他被邀請(qǐng)出演《羅密歐與朱麗葉》時(shí)，他拒絕了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的““Hegavemethepowertoempower(給予力量)myself,”Holtexplained.Heintendedtopassonthatsamefeeling.(“他給了我賦予自己力量的力量，”霍爾特解釋道。他打算把同樣的感受傳遞下去。因此，他在美國(guó)常青州立學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)戲劇和教育，然后去了亞洲，先是韓國(guó)，然后是中國(guó)。)”根據(jù)第三段“Thebiggestchallengeistogettheintroverted(內(nèi)向的)kids—oradults—tospeakup,”Holtadded”（最大的挑戰(zhàn)是讓內(nèi)向的孩子或成年人暢所欲言）。可知，戲劇可以給害羞的孩子力量讓他們可以大聲地表達(dá)自己。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Artmakesforauniversalconversationstart.Despitedisagreementsamongdifferentcountries,peoplefromdifferentcountriescangetalongwellthroughart.(藝術(shù)makesfor世界溝通的開始。盡管不同國(guó)家之間存在分歧，但不同國(guó)家的人們通過(guò)藝術(shù)可以很好地相處。)”可知，后一句話提到了“盡管不同國(guó)家存在分歧，但不同國(guó)家的人們可以通過(guò)藝術(shù)很好地相處”，由此可推知，藝術(shù)可以促進(jìn)世界溝通，是世界溝通的橋梁，進(jìn)而推知，makesfor的含義與“促進(jìn)、造成”一意相近。A.Makesup彌補(bǔ)、化妝；B.Takesover接管；C.Resultsin導(dǎo)致、造成；D.Breaksdown出故障。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)resultin與makesfor(導(dǎo)致、有助于、走向)含義相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容并根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Artmakesforauniversalconversationstart.Despitedisagreementsamongdifferentcountries,peoplefromdifferentcountriescangetalongwellthroughart.(藝術(shù)有助于世界溝通的開始。盡管不同國(guó)家之間存在分歧，但不同國(guó)家的人們通過(guò)藝術(shù)可以很好地相處。)”可知，本文通過(guò)霍爾特的故事說(shuō)明了藝術(shù)可以促進(jìn)世界文化溝通，是世界文化的橋梁。A項(xiàng)“Artbuildsaculturalbridge.(藝術(shù)架起了文化的橋梁)”最能概括本文內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。CItseemsnoonecanreallyagreeonthequestionof“What’ssofunny?”Soimaginetryingtoteacharobothowtolaugh.Butthat’sexactlywhatateamofresearchersatKyotoUniversityinJapanaretryingtodesignanAIthattakesitscuesthroughasharedlaughtersystem.ThescientistsdescribetheirinnovativeapproachtobuildingafunnybonefortheJapaneseandroid‘Erica’inthelatestissueofthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.“WethinkthatoneoftheimportantfunctionsofconversationalAIisempathy(移情，共鳴),”explainedleadauthorDrKojiInoue,anassistantprofessoratKyotoUniversityintheDepartmentofIntelligenceScienceandTechnologywithintheGraduateSchoolofInformatics.“Onewayarobotcanempathizewithusersistosharetheirlaughter.”Intheshared-laughtermodel,ahumaninitiallylaughsandtheAIsystemrespondswithlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thisapproachrequireddesigningthreesubsystems—onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh,andathirdtochoosethetypeofappropriatelaughter.Thetypeoflaughterisalsoimportant,becauseinsomecasesapolitechucklemaybemoreappropriatethanaloudsnortoflaughter.TheteamtestedErica’snewsenseofhumorbycreatingfourdifferentshortdialoguesbetweenapersonandEricawithhernewshared-laughtersystem.Thentheyaskedmorethan130peopleintotaltolistentoeachdialoguewithinthethreedifferentconditions—sharedlaughtersystem,nolaughter,alllaughter—andevaluatedtheinteractionsbasedonhuman-likeness,naturalnessandunderstanding.Theshared-laughtersystemperformedbetterthaneitherbaseline.“Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter,andwethinkthattheycanshowthisthroughtheirconversationalbehaviors,suchaslaughing,eyegaze,gesturesandspeakingstyle,”Inoueadded.“Wedonotthinkthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10to20yearsbeforewecanfinallyhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”8.Whydoesthetextraisethequestion“What’ssofunny”atthebeginning?A.Toshowopinionsonfunnythings.B.Toencouragereaderstosharetheirideas.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbeingfunny.D.Tostressthedifficultyofteachingarobottolaugh.9.Whichofthefollowingexplainstheunderlinedphrase“afunnybone”inparagraph1?A.Thedistinctcharacter.B.Thetypeoflaughter.C.Thespeakingstyle.D.Thesenseofhumor.10.WhatisNOTneededintheresearchoftheshared-laughtersystem?A.Assessingtheinteractionsbasedonemotions.B.Producingasubsystemtodecidewhethertolaugh.C.CreatingbriefconversationsbetweenahumanandErica.D.Askingpeopletolistentothepreviouslycreateddialogues.11.WhatisInoue’sattitudetowardsconversationalAI?A.IndifferentB.SuspiciousC.ObjectiveD.Optimistic【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了日本正在研究的共享笑聲系統(tǒng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Itseemsnoonecanreallyagreeonthequestionof“What’ssofunny?”Soimaginetryingtoteacharobothowtolaugh.Butthat’sexactlywhatateamofresearchersatKyotoUniversityinJapanaretryingtodesignanAIthattakesitscuesthroughasharedlaughtersystem.(似乎沒有人能在“什么這么好笑?”這個(gè)問(wèn)題上達(dá)成真正的共識(shí)。想象一下教機(jī)器人如何笑。但這正是日本京都大學(xué)的一組研究人員正在嘗試設(shè)計(jì)的一種人工智能，它可以通過(guò)共享笑聲系統(tǒng)來(lái)獲取線索。)”可知，人都沒能在“What’ssofunny”這一問(wèn)題上達(dá)成共識(shí)，更不用說(shuō)教機(jī)器人笑。由此可推知，文章首段提出這一問(wèn)題，主要目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)教機(jī)器人笑的難度。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“ThescientistsdescribetheirinnovativeapproachtobuildingafunnybonefortheJapaneseandroid‘Erica’inthelatestissueofthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.(科學(xué)家們?cè)谧钚乱黄诘摹稒C(jī)器人與人工智能前沿》雜志上描述了他們?yōu)槿毡緳C(jī)器人“艾麗卡”制造幽默感的創(chuàng)新方法。)”可知，這些科學(xué)家的的研究目的是teacharobothowtolaugh，由此可推知，此處的afunnybone應(yīng)是指能使人笑的某種東西。A.Thedistinctcharacter鮮明的性格；B.Thetypeoflaughter笑的類型；C.Thespeakingstyle說(shuō)話風(fēng)格；D.Thesenseofhumor幽默感。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)與afunnybone(幽默感)含義最相近。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Intheshared-laughtermodel,ahumaninitiallylaughsandtheAIsystemrespondswithlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thisapproachrequireddesigningthreesubsystems—onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh,andathirdtochoosethetypeofappropriatelaughter.Thetypeoflaughterisalsoimportant,becauseinsomecasesapolitechucklemaybemoreappropriatethanaloudsnortoflaughter.(在共享笑聲模型中，人類一開始會(huì)笑，人工智能系統(tǒng)會(huì)以笑聲作為同理心的回應(yīng)。這種方法需要設(shè)計(jì)三個(gè)子系統(tǒng)——一個(gè)檢測(cè)笑聲，第二個(gè)決定是否要笑，第三個(gè)選擇合適的笑聲類型。笑的類型也很重要，因?yàn)樵谀承┣闆r下，禮貌的輕笑可能比大聲的大笑更合適。)”以及第四段“TheteamtestedErica’snewsenseofhumorbycreatingfourdifferentshortdialoguesbetweenapersonandEricawithhernewshared-laughtersystem.Thentheyaskedmorethan130peopleintotaltolistentoeachdialoguewithinthethreedifferentconditions—sharedlaughtersystem,nolaughter,alllaughter—andevaluatedtheinteractionsbasedonhuman-likeness,naturalnessandunderstanding.(研究小組用新的共享笑聲系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)建了四段人與人之間不同的簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話，以此來(lái)測(cè)試愛麗卡的新幽默感。然后，他們讓130多人在三種不同的情況下(分享笑聲系統(tǒng)、沒有笑聲、全部笑聲)聽每一段對(duì)話，并根據(jù)與人類相似度、自然度和理解度來(lái)評(píng)估互動(dòng)。)”可知，共享笑聲系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上是根據(jù)與人類相似度。自然度和理解度來(lái)評(píng)估互動(dòng)，而非根據(jù)情緒，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter,andwethinkthattheycanshowthisthroughtheirconversationalbehaviors,suchaslaughing,eyegaze,gesturesandspeakingstyle,”Inoueadded.“Wedonotthinkthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10to20yearsbeforewecanfinallyhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”(井上補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“機(jī)器人應(yīng)該有獨(dú)特的性格，我們認(rèn)為它們可以通過(guò)對(duì)話行為來(lái)展示這一點(diǎn)，比如笑、眼神、手勢(shì)和說(shuō)話風(fēng)格。我們認(rèn)為這根本不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，我們可能還需要10到20年的時(shí)間才能最終與機(jī)器人像與朋友一樣隨意聊天?！?”可知，Inoue認(rèn)為要想與機(jī)器人像朋友一樣隨意聊天和對(duì)話，并不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，可能還需要10到20年的時(shí)間。由此可推知，Inoue認(rèn)為對(duì)話式的人工智能是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的，但需要時(shí)間，其態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。DTheburningofcoalmaybefallingoutoffavorasameansofgeneratingheatandelectricity,butthatdoesn’tmeanitnolongerhasvaluableuses.TheteamofKingAbdullahUniversityofScienceandTechnology(KAUST)isusingcoalforaneweconomy.TheprojectisledbyAssociateProfessorAndreaFratalocchi.Whilereadingaboutchallengesofendingtheuseofcoalinpowergeneration,Fratalocchiwasstruckbyanovelpossibleuseforcoal.“Whydon’tweusecoalforseawaterdesalination(脫鹽)?”Fratalocchirecalls,stillexcited.Capableoftakinginsunlight,theblackmineraladdstothelistofsubstancesindarkcolorsservingthepurpose,whichtheteamisonalong-standinghuntfor.Fralalocchiandhisteambegantoexploretheuseofamaterialknownascarbonizedcompressedpowder(壓縮粉末),alsoCCP,whichiscreatedbybreakingcoalintopowder,andthenpressingthatpowderbackintoasolidthathasmoretinyholes—itcanalsobemadeintoadesiredshape.TheteammixedCCPwithnaturalcottonfibers,producingablockwhichwasthenplacedwithinaseawater-containingcontainer,withitsbottomtouchingwatersurface.Whilesunlightheatedtheblacksurfaceoftheblock,theinsidefibershelpedwaterflowinandthroughtheblockfromthebottom.Whenthatliquidwaterreachedthehotsurface,itturnedintosteamwhichroseandcondensed(冷凝)ontheinsideofaspeciallyshapedcover.Thatcondensationthenflewdownthecoverandwascollectedasfresh,drinkablewater.Theseawater’ssaltcontentremainedbehindwithintheCCP.Asimplewashwasenoughtoremovemostofit,sothematerialcouldbereusedmultipletimes.KAUSThaspartneredwiththeDutchstart-upPERAComplexitytopromotethetechnology.ThematerialwillseeitsfirstuseinapilotplantinBrazil.“CCPisabundantinnatureandreasonabletouse,besidesbeinglightweightandhighlychangeable,”saysteammemberMarcellaBonifazi.“Thedevice’sdesalinationrateperunitofrawmaterialistwotothreetimeshigherthanthatofanyothersolardesalinationsystem,butitproducesfreshwaterataroundone-thirdtheexpenseofcurrentstate-of-the-arttechnologies.”12.WhathasFratalocchi’steambeenseekingfor?A.FibersfunctioningwellwithCCP.B.Greenwaystodesalinateseawater.C.Newindustrialapplicationsofcoal.D.Dark-coloredmaterialsfordesalination.13.HowdidtheseawatergetintotheCCPblock?A.Throughthetinyholes.B.ThroughCCP.C.Throughcottonfibers.D.Throughaspecialcover.14.WhichfeatureofCCPdoesMarcellaBonifazistress?A.Beingeco-friendly.B.Beinglow-cost.C.Beingefficient.D.Beingflexible.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Drinkablewaterwillbegotfromthesea.B.CCPisexpectedtobeinreal-lifeusesoon.C.Coalfindsnewuseindesalinationtechnology.D.Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughindesalination.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是阿卜杜拉國(guó)王科技大學(xué)(KAUST)的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在探索將煤用來(lái)淡化海水這一新用途?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Capableoftakinginsunlight,theblackmineraladdstothelistofsubstancesindarkcolorsservingthepurpose,whichtheteamisonalong-standinghuntfor.(這種黑色礦物具有吸收陽(yáng)光的能力，是該團(tuán)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直在尋找的具有吸收陽(yáng)光功能的深色物質(zhì)的又一項(xiàng))”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)一直在尋找一種深黑色并且能脫鹽的材料。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheteammixedCCPwithnaturalcottonfibers,producingablockwhichwasthenplacedwithinaseawater-containingcontainer,withitsbottomtouchingwatersurface.Whilesunlightheatedtheblacksurfaceoftheblock,theinsidefibershelpedwaterflowinandthroughtheblockfromthebottom.(該團(tuán)隊(duì)將CCP與天然棉纖維混合，制成一塊塊，然后放置在一個(gè)含有海水的容器中，其底部接觸水面。當(dāng)陽(yáng)光加熱塊的黑色表面時(shí)，內(nèi)部纖維幫助水從底部流入并穿過(guò)塊狀物)”可知，海水需要經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)特別的纖維材料過(guò)濾，進(jìn)入容器。故選C。14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的““CCPisabundantinnatureandreasonabletouse,besidesbeinglightweightandhighlychangeable,”saysteammemberMarcellaBonifazi.“Thedevice’sdesalinationrateperunitofrawmaterialistwotothreetimeshigherthanthatofanyothersolardesalinationsystem,butitproducesfreshwaterataroundone-thirdtheexpenseofcurrentstate-of-the-arttechnologies.”(“CCP的性質(zhì)豐富，使用合理，除了輕量級(jí)和高度多變，”團(tuán)隊(duì)成員MarcellaBonifazi說(shuō)?！霸撗b置每單位原料的脫鹽率比任何其他太陽(yáng)能脫鹽系統(tǒng)高兩到三倍，但它生產(chǎn)淡水的成本約為目前最先進(jìn)技術(shù)的三分之一?！?”可知，材料在自然可以輕易獲取，但是成本是現(xiàn)有方法的三分之一，可見強(qiáng)調(diào)的是低成本。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“TheteamofKingAbdullahUniversityofScienceandTechnology(KAUST)isusingcoalforaneweconomy.(阿卜杜拉國(guó)王科技大學(xué)(KAUST)的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在將煤炭用于一種新經(jīng)濟(jì))”和第二段的“Whydon’tweusecoalforseawaterdesalination(脫鹽)?(我們?yōu)槭裁床挥妹簛?lái)淡化海水呢？)”可知，本文主要講的是阿卜杜拉國(guó)王科技大學(xué)(KAUST)的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在探索將煤用來(lái)淡化海水這一新用途，也就是“煤在海水淡化技術(shù)中找到了新用途”，即Coalfindsnewuseindesalinationtechnology。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Cloudstorageisaflexibleandconvenientwaytostoredatawithcompletepeaceofmind.___16___Thismeansyoucanstoreallyourdigitalthingsremotely,withouttakingupspaceonyourcomputer.Therearetwooptionsavailable:publiccloudstorageallowsyoutosharehostingspacewithotherusers;privatecloudstorageistheidealchoiceforcompanieswhowanttohavetheirdatastoredintheirownenvironment.___17___Onceyouhaveregisteredandsetupyouraccount,yousimplysaveyourfilesviatheinternetusingyourusernameandpassword.Thisensuresyourdataremainssecureandinaccessibletoanyoneelse.Shouldyouchoose,youcanputcertainpermissionsinplace,whichmakesiteasytoshareyourdatawithyourcolleaguesoryourfamily.Whenyousignuptocloudstorage,youcanchoosetheamountofspaceyouneed.___18___Youcanstoreanythingdigital:allyourfiles,videosandpictures.Whetheryouwanttousethisstoragesolutiontostoreyourfamilyphotographsoryouwanttouseittostoreyourworkdocumentation,youwillfinditquiteconvenient.Isitbetterthanyourcomputeroranexternaldrive?Theanswerisadefiniteyes.Computerscrashallthetime.Thisisthemostcommoncauseoflostworkandmemories.___19___Hereyoualsohavetheaddedriskofmisplacingitorhavingitstolen.Therearesomanyadvantagestocloudcomputing,fromtheabilitytoaccessyourdatafromwherever,whenever,tonotneedingexpensiveexternalstoragedevices.___20___A.Cloudstorageisverysimpletouse.B.Youwillfindcloudstorageverycheap.C.Externalharddrivescanstillbreak,orfail.D.Itenablesyoutostoreyourdataonhostedservers.E.Cloudstorageprovidersoffermultiplelayersofdatasecurity.F.Theonlydisadvantage,however,isthatyouneedinternettoaccessfiles.G.Youcanstartwithasmallamountandincreasethestoragesizelateron.【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了云存儲(chǔ)是一種靈活、方便、完全放心的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方式。它有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但也有唯一缺點(diǎn)是你需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來(lái)訪問(wèn)文件?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Cloudstorageisaflexibleandconvenientwaytostoredatawithcompletepeaceofmind.”(云存儲(chǔ)是一種靈活、方便、完全放心的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方式。）可知，介紹了云存儲(chǔ)是一種存儲(chǔ)方式。以及空后“Thismeansyoucanstoreallyourdigitalthingsremotely,withouttakingupspaceonyourcomputer.Therearetwooptionsavailable:publiccloudstorageallowsyoutosharehostingspacewithotherusers;privatecloudstorageistheidealchoiceforcompanieswhowanttohavetheirdatastoredintheirownenvironment.(這意味著你可以遠(yuǎn)程存儲(chǔ)所有的數(shù)字物品，而不會(huì)占用電腦空間。有兩種選擇:公共云存儲(chǔ)允許您與其他用戶共享托管空間;私有云存儲(chǔ)是希望將數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在自己環(huán)境中的公司的理想選擇。)可知，Thismeans是指前面云儲(chǔ)存的將數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在托管服務(wù)器上的方式。故D項(xiàng)“Itenablesyoutostoreyourdataonhostedservers.”（它使您能夠?qū)?shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在托管服務(wù)器上。）符合語(yǔ)境。it指代前面的cloudstorage，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Onceyouhaveregisteredandsetupyouraccount,yousimplysaveyourfilesviatheinternetusingyourusernameandpassword.”（一旦你注冊(cè)并設(shè)置了你的賬戶，你只需使用你的用戶名和密碼通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)保存你的文件。）可知，這里解釋了云存儲(chǔ)操作簡(jiǎn)單。故A項(xiàng)“Cloudstorageisverysimpletouse.”（云存儲(chǔ)使用起來(lái)非常簡(jiǎn)單。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whenyousignuptocloudstorage,youcanchoosetheamountofspaceyouneed.”(當(dāng)您注冊(cè)云存儲(chǔ)時(shí)，您可以選擇所需的空間量。）可知，用戶可以在云存儲(chǔ)選擇空間量的大小。故G項(xiàng)“Youcanstartwithasmallamountandincreasethestoragesizelateron.”（你可以從少量開始，然后增加存儲(chǔ)空間。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Isitbetterthanyourcomputeroranexternaldrive?Theanswerisadefiniteyes.Computerscrashallthetime.Thisisthemostcommoncauseoflostworkandmemories.”(它比你的電腦或外接硬盤好嗎?答案是肯定的。電腦總是死機(jī)。這是丟失工作和記憶最常見的原因。）可知，云存儲(chǔ)比電腦和外接硬盤好，先指出電腦缺點(diǎn)，后面要說(shuō)外部硬盤的缺點(diǎn)。故C項(xiàng)“Externalharddrivescanstillbreak,orfail.”（外部硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器仍然可能損壞或失效。）符合語(yǔ)境。it指代前面的cloudstorage，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Therearesomanyadvantagestocloudcomputing,fromtheabilitytoaccessyourdatafromwherever,whenever,tonotneedingexpensiveexternalstoragedevices.”(云計(jì)算有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，從隨時(shí)隨地訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)的能力到不需要昂貴的外部存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備。）可知，介紹了云存儲(chǔ)很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，后面要轉(zhuǎn)折說(shuō)出它的缺點(diǎn)。故F項(xiàng)“Theonlydisadvantage,however,isthatyouneedinternettoaccessfiles.”（然而，唯一的缺點(diǎn)是你需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來(lái)訪問(wèn)文件。）符合語(yǔ)境。it指代前面的cloudstorage，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題每小題分，滿分30分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Desperatetohelphis96-year-oldmothertospeakhermothertongueagain,KeithMcDermottmadean____21____onsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses.Theold____22____,Ray,wasmovedtotearsaftertalkingonthephonewithoneofthe____23____respondentsinWelsh.RaymovedtoAmericaaftermeetingherhusbandwhenshewasonly18,____24____wavinggoodbyetoher____25____inWales.ShecontinuedtospeakWelshwithhermumkeepingalittlebitof____26____.Butshelosther____27____mumfourdecadesagoandhadn’tspokenWelshsince.____28____sufferingfromshort-termmemorylossandsometimesnotrememberingwhatshehasdone____29____,Ray’schildhoodmemoriesinWalesremaincrystal_____30_____.“Shewantsto_____31_____,butIknow,_____32_____herage,suchlong-distancetravelisoutofthequestion,”saidKeith.“Onceshementioned:IwishIcouldspeakWelshagainbutI_____33_____Ineverwill.ItwasthenthatIthoughtIshouldmakeherwish_____34_____.”SoKeith,70,_____35_____onsocialmediaonagroupcalled“NewYorkWelsh”askingforanyWelshspeakersthatcouldspeakWelshwithhismum.Andhewas_____36_____,aswellasalittleshocked,toreceiveover30responseswithinhalfanhour.“SpeakingwithMelisa,her(Ray’s)Welshwasalittlerusty.AfewmoreWelshconversationsandIthinkshe’dbe_____37_____again,”addedKeith.“Whenyouhaveaparentintheirnineties,youwillfindyoutwohavesomething_____38_____:you’rebothold,soIamverysympathetictomymother’sfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation.I’mfeelingitmyself.”Keithhopesto_____39_____moreWelshphoneconversationsforhismumandMelisahaspromisedtosendRaysomeshortstoriesinWelshto_____40_____herofherlifeinWales.21.A.apologyB.indicationC.appealD.assignment22.A.gentlemanB.ladyC.travelerD.explorer23.A.lonelyB.seniorC.originalD.enthusiastic24.A.thusB.soC.andD.instead25.A.relativesB.friendsC.lifeD.tongue26.A.homeB.hopeC.tensionD.similarity27.A.superbB.lovelyC.belovedD.homesick28.A.DuetoB.AsforC.ApartfromD.Inspiteof29.A.beforeB.randomlyC.recentlyD.gradually30.A.clearB.blueC.fadedD.fragile31.A.talkB.leaveC.returnD.quit32.A.neglectingB.givenC.assumingD.remembering33.A.spotB.decideC.supposeD.promise34.A.launchB.realizeC.abolishD.happen35.A