2023版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題練第17練科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)練習(xí)

2024版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題練第17練科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)練習(xí)第17練科普學(xué)問(wèn)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)

基礎(chǔ)鞏固

Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1．TheInternethasenabledus________________(know)andunderstandthewholeworldmuchbetter.

2．However，someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharm________mankind.3．Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology________________(bring)aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar.

4．Iwilltellyou________(direct)thatscientistsarethosewhopromotethesocialprogress.

5．In18thcentury，the________(invent)ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution.6．Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch________(convenient)tous.

7．Incontrast，thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnected________moderninventionsclosely.8．WhyIsayitnormalisbecauseIbelievethatnothingis________(absolute)goodandrightforus.

9．Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport，thereareplentyofotherthings，________(include)robots.

10．Wecandomanythingsthatwedidn’thavetheabilitytodointhepastby________(use)robots.

11．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，I________(full)believethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.

12．Weliveinanage________moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.13．Thenewtechnology，if________(apply)toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.

14．Hethoughtthatthekeyto________(feed)peoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.15．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmodern________(invent)inourlife—theputernetwork.

話題詞匯

1．a(chǎn)dvantagen．優(yōu)勢(shì)

2．a(chǎn)rtificialadj.人造的，人工的

3．negativeeffect負(fù)面影響

4．breakthroughn．突破

5．surftheInternet上網(wǎng)

6．explorev．探究

7．conveniencen．便利

8．withthedevelopmentof...隨著……的進(jìn)展

9．changeone’slife轉(zhuǎn)變某人的生活

10．drawbackn．缺點(diǎn)，不利條件

力量提升

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

(2024·遼寧葫蘆島一模)

AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland，sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.

Thefarmanimals，whoaresocialandhavelargebrains，werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother，aswellasfamiliarhumans.However，theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.

Therecentstudy，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSocietyshowedthatthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces，includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.

Initially，thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later，theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle，thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”saidProfessorJennyMorton，wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities，closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys.”

Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings，andsomedisordersofthebrain，includingHuntington’sdisease，affectthisability.

“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain，

suchasHuntington’sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitive(認(rèn)知的)abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid.

16．Accordingtothenewresearch，what’sunusualaboutsheep?A．Theyhavelargebrains.

B．Theycanrecognizetheirowners.

C．Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.D．Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.17．Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?

A．Bygivingfoodrewards.

B．Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.

C．Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.D．Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.18．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.B．Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.C．Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.D．Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.19．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．AWonderfulScientist

B．TheLifeofSheep

C．ANewDiscoveryAboutSheep

D．HowSheepRecognizeEachOther

Ⅲ.完形填空

IwasconfusedwhileIwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday.IwassittingtherelookingatwhatI’d__20__andwonderedifanyoneelsecouldseethe__21__inmymind.I’maboutto__22__alotoffatandwashitdownwithadietsoda.

WhatcanIsay？I’mtryingtolosesomeweight.__23__，Idothingslikethatallthetime，whichisprobablywhythepoundsare__24__soslowly.Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmill(跑步機(jī))andI__25__myselfwithpotatochips.I__26__thatIwillnolongereatthemagain，soIjusteatalotatthistime.Imakeitallthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsolutelyright，andthenatbedtime“justonechipwon’t__27__it”turnsinto“wheredidthatentirebagofpotatochipsgo？”

Ofcourse，I__28__dowellwithmyweightlossprogram.OnceIputtogethertwofullweeksofeatingproperlyandexercising__29__.Iwasstartingtofeela(n)

__30__.Icouldbendovertotiemyshoesmoreeasily.Butjustasitwasabouttobeea__31__，Ienteredaperiodoflong，latenightsfilledwith__32__deadlines.Isatinfrontofmyputer，eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpmestay__33__.Withinafewdays，thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa__34__.

Unfortunatebut__35__，Iwastootiredtogetonthetreadmill.__36__，Ihadworktodo，forwhichIneededalltheenergyIcould__37__.SoIstartedskippingexercisesessions.And__38__Istarteddoingso，itbecameeasiertoskipthem.

Therearealwaysreasonsnottodothethingsthatwereallyshoulddo.Everyreasonisjustanother__39__.

20．A.cookedB．ordered

C．designedD．introduced

21．A.battleB．petition

C．performanceD．practice

22．A.burnB．contain

C．loseD．consume

23．A.SurprisinglyB．Happily

C．UnfortunatelyD．Hopefully

24．A.ingoffB．passingaway

C．takingoffD．turningaway

25．A.equipB．connect

C．presentD．reward

26．A.agreeB．pretend

C．imagineD．decide

27．A.hurtB．count

C．changeD．solve

28．A.alwaysB．sometimes

C．seldomD．never

29．A.hardlyB．instantly

C．regularlyD．slightly

30．A.urgeB．a(chǎn)ttraction

C．differenceD．pain

31．A.planB．habit

C．gameD．hobby

32．A.originalB．mon

C．inspiringD．tight

33．A.awakeB．calm

C．healthyD．strong

34．A.goalB．memory

C．realityD．trend

35．A.unbelievableB．changeable

C．understandableD．enjoyable

36．A.ThereforeB．However

C．BesidesD．Otherwise

37．A.lackB．save

C．showD．throw

38．A.onceB．before

C．unlessD．though

39．A.choiceB．fault

C．causeD．excuse

Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作

假定你是班長(zhǎng)李華，請(qǐng)依據(jù)以下內(nèi)容給新任外教Smith先生寫一封信，向他表示歡迎并轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)同學(xué)們對(duì)英語(yǔ)課的建議：

1．介紹西方文化；

2．組織多種多樣的活動(dòng)；

3．關(guān)注同學(xué)發(fā)音，提高聽(tīng)說(shuō)力量。

留意：

1．詞數(shù)80左右，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearMrSmith，

I’mwritingonbehalfofmyclasstoextendourwarmweletoyou.________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________Thankyouverymuch.Wearelookingforwardtomeetingyousoon!

Yourstruly，

LiHua

答案精析話題練

Ⅰ.1.toknow2.to3.hasbrought4.directly5.invention6.convenience7.with8.absolutely9.including10.using11.fully12.when13.applied14.feeding15.inventions

Ⅱ.

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了一項(xiàng)新的討論成果：綿羊能夠從照片中識(shí)別人臉。

16．D

17．A

18．B

19．C

Ⅲ.

20．B

21．A

22．D

23．C

24．A

25．D

26．D