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第一章綜合說(shuō)明1.1工程概況香柏河、清水河、中山河均屬于薩爾溫江水系曼辛河二級(jí)支流,本區(qū)規(guī)劃的曼辛河中下游河段有支流香柏河、清水河、南棒凹河、南田凹河、中山河等地理位置:東經(jīng)98°22,?98°30/,北緯24°06,?24°12/之間,主支流香柏河發(fā)源于潞西市中山鄉(xiāng)塔山頭,河源高程在2015米,河長(zhǎng)26.47公里,自然落差1315.2m,平均比降4.28%,流域面積36.65Km2,支流清水河,流域面積17.19Km3,河源高程在1726米,河長(zhǎng)8.15公里,自然落差1157m,平均比降10.38/%,南田凹河、南棒凹河、中山河等流域面積42.92Km2,本區(qū)規(guī)劃的河曼辛河(國(guó)界河流)干流河中國(guó)段長(zhǎng)12.25公里,沿曼辛河(國(guó)界河流)左岸中國(guó)一側(cè)興建設(shè)兩個(gè)梯級(jí)電站,涉及流域總徑流面積96.76km2。本區(qū)域位于青、藏、滇、緬、印尼“歹”字型構(gòu)造西支中段與三江經(jīng)向構(gòu)造帶中南段及南嶺緯向構(gòu)造帶西延部份的復(fù)合部位。地質(zhì)構(gòu)造比較復(fù)雜,褶皺、斷裂構(gòu)造形跡相當(dāng)發(fā)育。在漫長(zhǎng)的地質(zhì)歷史中,在多次不同方向主壓應(yīng)力作用下,形成了多方向、不同力學(xué)性質(zhì)的構(gòu)造形跡,分別歸屬于不同的構(gòu)造體系。本區(qū)以龍(陵)一一瑞(麗)大斷裂(F13)為主控?cái)嗔眩浯笾卵乇睎|40°方向延伸,傾向北西,傾角30°?40°,為一逆斷層,在潞西盆地隱伏于第四系沉積層之下。香柏河、清水河水能規(guī)劃報(bào)告香柏河、清水河水能規(guī)劃報(bào)告#區(qū)域內(nèi)出露有:松散巖類孔隙水、碎屑巖類裂隙、孔隙水。場(chǎng)地的地基土,除上部耕土層外,第四系Q4)沖洪積相及志留系地層。據(jù)鉆孔揭露,由上至下土層結(jié)構(gòu)及其分類如下:耕土:褐、灰褐色。由粉質(zhì)粘土組成,含草根等。濕、結(jié)構(gòu)松散,屬高壓縮性土,厚0.20?0.80米。砂卵礫石層:混次圓狀礫卵石,含量約為30?40%,成分主要為砂巖、石英巖等。層厚5.50?6.50米。全風(fēng)化泥質(zhì)砂巖:紫紅、紅黃色。濕,可?硬塑。土質(zhì)均勻,可見(jiàn)黃色粉質(zhì)粘土呈斑狀相間分布。含少量鈣質(zhì)結(jié)核,局部夾粉土等,偶見(jiàn)礫卵石。上部局部結(jié)構(gòu)松散屬中偏高壓縮性土。土層分布廣,層厚4.70?10.00米。強(qiáng)風(fēng)化泥質(zhì)砂巖:紫紅、紅黃色,濕,塊狀,稍硬,埋深11.30?17.0米。根據(jù)1:400萬(wàn)《中國(guó)地震動(dòng)參數(shù)區(qū)劃圖》(GB18306-2001)和《建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GB50011-2001):潞西地區(qū)地震基本烈度為訓(xùn)度區(qū),設(shè)計(jì)地震動(dòng)峰值加速度為0.30g;地震動(dòng)反應(yīng)譜特征周期為0.40s。曼辛河中下游支流屬南亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候,具有夏長(zhǎng)冬短,熱量豐富、日照長(zhǎng)、年溫差小,月溫差大,干雨季分明,降雨充沛等氣候特點(diǎn),極端最低氣溫一0.6°C,極端最高氣溫38.6°C,年平均氣溫19.5°C,年平均日照時(shí)數(shù)2452小時(shí),年平均降水量達(dá)2665毫米,雨季(5—10月)降水量占全年的80%左右,尤以7、8月最多。無(wú)霜期達(dá)300天,年平均相對(duì)濕度78%,全年多為西南風(fēng),年平均風(fēng)速1米/秒,最大風(fēng)力8級(jí),常見(jiàn)的氣候?yàn)?zāi)害為春旱夏澇,有時(shí)也有冰雹、霜凍和大風(fēng)等災(zāi)害。洪水均由暴雨形成,發(fā)生時(shí)間與暴雨相對(duì)應(yīng),一場(chǎng)暴雨籠罩面積小,歷時(shí)短,多為單一的非邊續(xù)性暴雨。由于曼辛河中下游支流面積相對(duì)較小,河流比降較大,屬典型山區(qū)性小河流,洪水具有歷時(shí)短、過(guò)程陡漲陡落的特點(diǎn),洪水過(guò)程尖瘦,產(chǎn)匯流歷時(shí)短。流域地勢(shì)東高西低。測(cè)區(qū)地貌以構(gòu)造剝蝕地貌為主,次為山間凹地及河流堆積地貌,構(gòu)造剝蝕地貌。a、中等切割中山:主要分布于諾谷寨背斜以西地區(qū),分布高各1600—2400m,切割深度1000m左右,水系呈羽狀或樹(shù)枝狀,山頂多呈穹狀及饅頭狀,山脊寬緩,河谷多為“V”型谷,谷坡一般40—50°,溯源侵蝕、風(fēng)化侵蝕均較強(qiáng)烈。b、淺切割低中山:主要分布于大竹棚寨背斜以西地區(qū),分布高程1700—2100m,切割深度小于500m,水系呈樹(shù)枝狀,山頂渾圓,山脊寬緩,河谷多為寬緩“V”型谷,谷坡一般20°—30°。c、堆積地貌:山間凹地堆積地貌以洪沖積類型為主,巖性為砂壤土、砂卵礫石層,堆積較厚,河流堆積地貌主要為沿河發(fā)育的階地。曼辛河中下游支流在潞西市境內(nèi),2004年,全市有行政機(jī)構(gòu)74個(gè),事業(yè)單位197個(gè),轄芒市、遮放、芒海、勐戛、風(fēng)平、法帕、城郊7個(gè)鎮(zhèn),軒崗、江東、五岔路、三臺(tái)山、西山、中山、東山、象滾塘8個(gè)鄉(xiāng),共80個(gè)村委會(huì)、5個(gè)居民委員會(huì)???cè)丝?4.34萬(wàn)人,人口密度每平方公里115人。在總?cè)丝谥校簼h族17.06萬(wàn)人,占總?cè)丝?0%;少數(shù)民族17.28萬(wàn)人,占總?cè)丝?0%。當(dāng)?shù)匚宸N少數(shù)民族16.81萬(wàn)人,占總?cè)丝?9%。其中:傣族125181人,占總?cè)丝?6%;景頗族28644人,占總?cè)丝?%;德昂族9264人,占總?cè)丝?%;傈僳族3190人,占總?cè)丝?.93%;阿昌族1788人,占總?cè)丝?.52%;其它少數(shù)民族4772人,占總?cè)丝?.40%。2004年,全市完成生產(chǎn)總值16.56億元,其中:一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)分別為4.80億元、4.31億元、7.44億元;工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值8.97億元;農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值7.03億元;財(cái)政收入1.47億元;外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總額3.40億元,農(nóng)民人均純收入1386元。2004年全市植糧食作物42.03萬(wàn)畝,總產(chǎn)11140萬(wàn)千克;種植油料作物21400畝,總產(chǎn)154萬(wàn)千克;種植蔬菜38500畝,產(chǎn)量3540萬(wàn)千克;種植西甜瓜34453畝,總產(chǎn)3792.10萬(wàn)千克;甘蔗面積22.60萬(wàn)畝,總產(chǎn)10.69億千克;茶葉面積66622畝,總產(chǎn)228.31萬(wàn)千克;橡膠面積20968畝,產(chǎn)量145.70萬(wàn)千克;咖啡面積15567畝,產(chǎn)量149.61萬(wàn)千克;園林水果面積11511畝,產(chǎn)量347.70萬(wàn)千克;香料作物面積11123畝,產(chǎn)量18.99萬(wàn)千克。1.2綜合利用與開(kāi)發(fā)任務(wù)香柏河發(fā)源于潞西市中山鄉(xiāng)塔山頭,河源高程在2015米,河長(zhǎng)26.47公里,自然落差1315.2m,平均比降4.28%,流域面積36.65Km2,支流小清水河,河源高程在1726米,河長(zhǎng)8.15公里,自然落差1157m,平均比降10.38/%,南田凹河、南棒凹河、中山河等流域面積42.92Km2,規(guī)劃的河曼辛河干流河長(zhǎng)12.25公里,自然落差270m,沿曼辛河左岸興建設(shè)兩個(gè)梯級(jí)電站,涉及流域總徑流面積96.76km2。流域規(guī)劃各電站對(duì)農(nóng)田灌溉及人畜飲水沒(méi)有影響,在實(shí)施時(shí)若與水利工程有矛盾,優(yōu)先考慮水利工程取水。經(jīng)綜合分析,曼辛河支流開(kāi)發(fā)的首要任務(wù)是水力發(fā)電。本規(guī)劃各電站的對(duì)下游灌溉都沒(méi)有影響,因此,其開(kāi)發(fā)任務(wù)為單一發(fā)電。1?3梯級(jí)開(kāi)發(fā)曼辛河中下游支流水資源豐富,自然落差大,具有較好的水能開(kāi)發(fā)條件。根據(jù)河道地形、地質(zhì)、水文特征情況,按照相對(duì)集中的原則,經(jīng)野外實(shí)地踏勘,綜合分析,近期推薦該河新建2個(gè)梯級(jí)電站,電站設(shè)計(jì)保證率90%。上游河段開(kāi)發(fā)香柏河一級(jí)電站2X1.6Mw、香柏河二電站2X3.5Mw共新增總裝機(jī)規(guī)模10.2Mw。二個(gè)新建電站均不影響農(nóng)田灌溉、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)人畜飲水。其工程布置情況如下:香柏河一級(jí)電站采用兩壩取水,1號(hào)壩布置布置香柏河上取水高程1000m,引渠道沿香柏河左岸布置長(zhǎng)3.35Km,進(jìn)入前池;2號(hào)壩布置在清水河上取水高程1001m,引渠道沿清水河右岸布置長(zhǎng)3.81Km,進(jìn)入前池。壓力管道長(zhǎng)196m,廠房布置在高程為880m,香柏河與曼辛河交匯口上游100m左右處,香柏河與清水河之間,香柏河左岸,清水河右岸,利用水頭110m,設(shè)計(jì)流量3.48m3/s,裝機(jī)2X1.6Mw,保證出力0.532Mw,多年平均發(fā)電量1503萬(wàn)KW.h,年利用小時(shí)數(shù)4698h。香柏河二級(jí)電站取用香柏河一級(jí)電站尾水,在清水河上設(shè)一道取水壩取水高程為874m、沿曼辛河左岸引水,沿曼辛河左岸引水,引水系統(tǒng)全長(zhǎng)9.6Km,采用暗渠及無(wú)壓引水隧洞結(jié)合布置,其中引水隧洞全長(zhǎng)6.3Km,暗兩段共長(zhǎng)3.3Km,引水系統(tǒng)沿線有南田凹河、南棒凹河、中山河等8條河流及一些山間溪流作為期間徑流補(bǔ)給水源,廠房設(shè)置在曼辛河與中山河匯口下游2.6Km處,曼辛河左岸高程為730m的地方,取,利用落差126m,設(shè)計(jì)流量6.66m3/s,裝機(jī)2X3.5MW,保證出力1.193MW,多年平均發(fā)電量3856萬(wàn)KW.h,年利用小時(shí)數(shù)5508h。規(guī)劃電站開(kāi)發(fā)指標(biāo)見(jiàn)表1-1。表1-1開(kāi)發(fā)方案指標(biāo)表電站名稱正常蓄水位(m)尾水位(m)裝機(jī)容量(Mw)臺(tái)數(shù)冶)多年平均發(fā)電量(萬(wàn)kwh)保證出力(MW)年利用小時(shí)(h)額定水頭(m)引用流量(m:/s)香柏河一級(jí)電站10008803.2215030.53246981103.48香柏河一級(jí)電站8747307.0238561.19855081266.661.3.2近期工程根據(jù)近期工程選擇的原則,通過(guò)對(duì)2個(gè)電站進(jìn)行綜合比較,建議香柏河一級(jí)電站、香柏河二級(jí)電站作為首期開(kāi)發(fā)。1?4結(jié)論及今后工作意見(jiàn)1?4?1結(jié)論⑴潞西市水資源豐富,水能資源開(kāi)發(fā)潛力大,現(xiàn)狀開(kāi)發(fā)利用程度較低。近、遠(yuǎn)期水平年隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展和“以電代柴”生態(tài)工程的實(shí)施,用電量劇增,按照現(xiàn)有州縣電網(wǎng)供電能力,電力電量均存在供電缺口。因此,進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)水能資源,在滿足本區(qū)用電的基礎(chǔ)上,余電進(jìn)入省網(wǎng)參與“西電東送”、“云電外送”把水能資源優(yōu)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì),對(duì)于發(fā)展本區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、提高供用電水平,增加市財(cái)政收入等均具有重要意義。⑵曼辛河中下游支流植被好,水資源充沛,河道陡,落差大,水能蘊(yùn)藏量豐富,水質(zhì)好,水能開(kāi)發(fā)條件較好。是潞西市近期水能開(kāi)發(fā)優(yōu)選點(diǎn)之。⑶曼辛河中下游支流下游河段,河道坡陡、河谷狹窄,無(wú)建庫(kù)蓄水的地形;因此曼辛河水能開(kāi)發(fā)推薦按河道徑流引水式開(kāi)發(fā)。⑷曼辛河中下游支流規(guī)劃電站的建設(shè)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響主要是施工期各建筑物的開(kāi)挖對(duì)地表造成的破壞,和由此產(chǎn)生的水土流失,因其面積較小,危害又是臨時(shí)性的,只要加強(qiáng)施工管理和采取得當(dāng)?shù)乃4胧溆绊懣傻玫綔p免。因此,從環(huán)境保護(hù)的角度來(lái)看,電站興建不存在環(huán)境制約因素,工程興建是可行的。⑸本階段基本弄清了電站的工程技術(shù)問(wèn)題,工程地質(zhì)資料,提出了推薦方案,推薦方案在技術(shù)上是可行的,經(jīng)濟(jì)上是合理的也是較為客觀和科學(xué),對(duì)下一步工作具有指導(dǎo)意義。1?4?2建議為早日開(kāi)發(fā)曼辛河水能資源,需弄清水河流水文、地質(zhì)、地形等更詳細(xì)準(zhǔn)確的情況,為下一步工程設(shè)計(jì)奠定基礎(chǔ),建議加緊完成以下基礎(chǔ)工作:⑴曼辛河中下游支流降雨大,高程變化大,水文氣象要素變化強(qiáng)烈,在實(shí)測(cè)資料短缺的情況下,對(duì)于較準(zhǔn)確合理計(jì)算水文成果來(lái)說(shuō)較為困難,因此,建議在建設(shè)電站的同時(shí),在廠房地址位置設(shè)立水文專用站。進(jìn)行水位、流量、泥砂、降雨觀測(cè),積累資料,便于今后運(yùn)行管理。2、盡快開(kāi)展前期工作,進(jìn)一步研究梯級(jí)電站布置的合理性,為電站的建設(shè)提供準(zhǔn)確的決策參數(shù)。3、開(kāi)發(fā)順序建議先開(kāi)發(fā)挖香柏河一級(jí)電站、再次開(kāi)發(fā)香柏河二級(jí)電站,為德宏州經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)。4、開(kāi)發(fā)單位應(yīng)經(jīng)常與外事部門(mén)聯(lián)系,嚴(yán)格按外事部門(mén)的意見(jiàn)或批復(fù)意見(jiàn)盡快開(kāi)工建設(shè),確保在中華人民共和國(guó)政府和緬甸聯(lián)邦政府關(guān)于中緬邊境管理與合作的協(xié)定期限內(nèi)完成此項(xiàng)目的全部建設(shè)工作,免除不應(yīng)有的糾紛和損失,盡早把資源優(yōu)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì),實(shí)現(xiàn)邊境地區(qū)的穩(wěn)定持續(xù)發(fā)展。

規(guī)劃電站特性指標(biāo)表項(xiàng)目單位香柏河一電站香柏二級(jí)電站建設(shè)地點(diǎn)潞西市中山鄉(xiāng)流域面積km253.8496.76多年平均流量m3/s2.384.25多年平均輸沙量萬(wàn)t1.794.4正常蓄水位m1000874利用落差m110126(226)裝機(jī)容量MW3.2007.0(12.0)保證出力MW0.5321.198多年平均年發(fā)電量萬(wàn)kwh15033856年利用小時(shí)h46985508發(fā)電引用流量m3/s3.486.66水庫(kù)淹沒(méi)hm200壩型重力壩最大壩高m4.0-54引水道長(zhǎng)度m72609600河床最大覆蓋層厚m3.04地震基本烈度度主要工程量土方開(kāi)挖m31601225253石方開(kāi)挖m323502153漿砌石m315825253混凝土m325005351鋼材t246425靜態(tài)投資萬(wàn)元1465.633425.74單位千瓦投資元/kw45804894單位kwh投資元/kwh0.970.94工期月1724香柏河、清水河水能規(guī)劃報(bào)告香柏河、清水河水能規(guī)劃報(bào)告iiii第二章水文泥沙2.1流域概況2.1.1地理位置及河流水系香柏河、清水河、中山河均屬于薩爾溫江水系曼辛河支流,本區(qū)規(guī)劃的曼辛河中下游河段有支流香柏河、清水河、南棒凹河、南田凹河、中山河等,主支流香柏河發(fā)源于潞西市中山鄉(xiāng)塔山頭,河源高程在2015米,河長(zhǎng)26.47公里,自然落差1315.2m,平均比降4.28%,流域面積36.65Km2,支流清水河,流域面積17.19Km3,河源高程在1726米,河長(zhǎng)8.15公里,自然落差1157m,平均比降10.38/%,南田凹河、南棒凹河、中山河等流域面積42.92Km2,規(guī)劃的河曼辛河(國(guó)界河流)干流河中國(guó)段長(zhǎng)12.25公里,沿曼辛河(國(guó)界河流)左岸中國(guó)一則興建設(shè)兩個(gè)梯級(jí)電站,涉及流域總徑流面積96.76km各電站取水口及廠房斷面的流域特征值見(jiàn)表2.1。流域地勢(shì)東高西低,曼辛河中下游支流徑流區(qū)內(nèi)流域植被較好,植被率達(dá)70%以上,下墊面地層分布主要是混合花崗巖。曼辛河中下游支流規(guī)劃各電站工程地理位置及流域水系見(jiàn)圖2.1。表2.1各規(guī)劃電站取水口及廠房斷面流域特征值斷面名稱徑流面積(km2)河長(zhǎng)(km)河道平均比降香柏河一級(jí)清水河取水口8.2624.250.0428香柏河一級(jí)電站香柏河取水口34.426.270.1038香柏河電站一級(jí)電廠址53.8426.860.1677香柏河二級(jí)站取水53.8427.170.1684香柏河二級(jí)站廠址96.7612.720.0125圖例梁叫T■s./II=.縣1堤廣耶%;!■%窕東'號(hào)L%一瑞電麗,」,4sz市沖圖例梁叫T■s./II=.縣1堤廣耶%;!■%窕東'號(hào)L%一瑞電麗,」,4sz市沖%-5ft廠'■X.敘■-

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班、誦j翩-/齊兌£”皆甩'威帝備I■^1.'■",\丸內(nèi)稔?'n/a姝馬I/>訶/'■.■R縣十洞.昔I香柏泳清水脫域水系圖2.2水文氣象特征曼辛河中下游支流屬亞熱帶濕潤(rùn)氣候,水汽充沛,干、濕季分明,日溫差變幅較大,但年際溫差變幅不大;降水量較為豐富,年際變化較小,但年內(nèi)分配不均,每年5月?10月為雨季,降雨量高度集中,水汽充沛,其中,5月?10月降雨量約占年降雨量的89%,6月?8月降雨量占全年降雨量的64%,11月至次年4月為旱季,降雨量約占全年降雨量的11%,該地區(qū)屬于滇西南多雨區(qū),多年平均降雨日數(shù)多達(dá)171天,由于受地形、地貌及高程等地理因素的作用及影響,降雨量在時(shí)空上分布不均,山區(qū)大于壩區(qū)、河谷區(qū),降雨量隨高程變化較明顯。據(jù)潞西市氣象站觀測(cè)資料統(tǒng)計(jì),多年平均氣溫19.6°C,極端最高氣溫36.2°C,(1966年5月17日),極端最低氣溫-0.6°C(1963年1月6日);多年平均降雨量1655.2mm,多年平均蒸發(fā)量1710.2mm;多年平均日照時(shí)數(shù)2402小時(shí);多年平均相對(duì)濕度80%;風(fēng)向多為靜止風(fēng)及西南風(fēng),多年平均風(fēng)速1.0m/s,最大風(fēng)速15.7m/s(1986年4月27日);一日最大降雨量123.6mm(2000年9月8日)。2.3基本資料2.3.1氣象資料流域內(nèi)僅有1個(gè)氣象站,即潞西氣象站,另有三個(gè)雨量站,分別是:回賢、樺桃?guī)X和背陰山。各氣象、雨量站在流域內(nèi)的資料觀測(cè)情況見(jiàn)表2-1。表2-1潞西市水文、氣象測(cè)站一覽表河名站別集水面積收資年限觀測(cè)項(xiàng)目(km》潞西氣象1954年?今降水、蒸發(fā)回賢雨量1966年?今降水樺桃?guī)X雨量1976年?今(缺79年)降水背陰山雨量1976年?今(缺79年)降水等戛水文10211959?今水位、流量、降水、蒸發(fā)、泥沙木康水文2181960?今水位、流量、降水、蒸發(fā)蠻蔑水文721959.6?62.6,98.7?今水位、流量、降水芒究水庫(kù)水庫(kù)31.71961?今(缺63、66)水位、流量、降水、蒸發(fā)黑魚(yú)溝水文專用25.41998.7?今水位、流量、泥沙2?3?2水文資料相鄰流域有等戛、木康、蠻蔑三個(gè)水文站及芒究水庫(kù)出流姑,1998年7月在黑漁溝河上設(shè)立曼辛河水庫(kù)水文專用站(稱黑漁溝站),同時(shí)恢復(fù)蠻蔑站的觀側(cè)。各站在流域內(nèi)的觀測(cè)情況見(jiàn)表2-1o2.4徑流2.4.1徑流特性曼辛河中下游支流徑流來(lái)源于降水,屬大氣降水補(bǔ)給型河流,流域內(nèi)降水量豐沛,植被良好,地下水豐富,產(chǎn)水量較穩(wěn)定,為多水地區(qū)。徑流與降水量的年際變化及年內(nèi)分配關(guān)系密切,由于下墊面條件以及地表覆蓋的調(diào)節(jié)作用,流域內(nèi)地表來(lái)水補(bǔ)給較為豐富,徑流年內(nèi)分配不均,枯、汛期明顯。據(jù)分析計(jì)算,最枯流量一般經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在3月?5月,其中,3月?5月徑流總量約占年徑流量的4.88%,汛期(6月?10月)徑流總量約占年徑流量的77.9%,徑流年際變化不大,年徑流變差系數(shù)CV在0.15左右。2.4.2參證站木康水文站年徑流頻率計(jì)算由于木康水文站缺1986年資料,因此采用同一流域的芒市大河下游等戛水文站與木康水文站同期實(shí)測(cè)歷年各月平均流量相關(guān),相關(guān)圖見(jiàn)圖2-2,相關(guān)系數(shù)為0.989,利用相關(guān)關(guān)系插補(bǔ)出木康水文站2005年各月平均流量,組成完整的木康水文站1960年?2005年徑流系列。對(duì)木康水文站I960年?2005年水文年年徑流系列進(jìn)行頻率計(jì)算,采用P-III型曲線、以優(yōu)選參數(shù)通過(guò)點(diǎn)群重心目估適線相結(jié)合配線。表2-2芒市大河流域水文站年徑流成果表測(cè)站項(xiàng)目P(%)統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)徑流深(mm)105090均值cvC/CSV木康站(F=218km2)流量(m3/s)12.910.78.7910.80.152.01562.3徑流量(億m3)4.073.372.773.410.152.0等戛(F=1021km2)流量(m3/s)47.438.931.439.20.162.01211徑流量(億m3)14.912.39.9012.40.162.02.4.3參證站徑流成果合理性分析點(diǎn)繪木康站1960年6月至2005年5月徑流系列的年徑流差積曲線,見(jiàn)圖2-2,從圖中可以看出,木康站1960年6月至2005年5月徑流系列包含了豐、枯水段,在時(shí)程分布上具有一定的周期變化,有較好的代表性。流域內(nèi)多年平均流量隨著流域面積的增大而增大,徑流深隨著流域面積的增大而減小,符合本流域降雨上游大于下游的實(shí)際。CV隨著流域面積的增大而增大,主要原因是流域植被上游好于下游,降水量年際變化較小,地下徑流豐富,而下游植被相對(duì)較差,降水量小,人類活動(dòng)影響較大等原因所致。4.4壩址徑流計(jì)算香柏河規(guī)劃電站壩址徑流系列按下式計(jì)算:Q1=kQ2,其中:K二F1/F2[1+(P1-P2)/Y2]式中:Fl、F2、Y2、Pl、P2設(shè)計(jì)斷面、參證站流域面積、多年平均徑流深、多年平均面雨量,其中木康站多年平均徑流深1562.3mm、多年平均面雨量2250mm,香柏河規(guī)劃電站多年平均面雨量2364mm。面雨量的計(jì)算:采用云南省水文水資源局繪制的云南省1/75萬(wàn)的降雨等值線圖,按面積加權(quán)法計(jì)算流域平均面雨量。

Q=10.8Cv=0.15Q=10.8Cv=0.15Cs/Cv二2*7■:*表2.4各規(guī)劃電站斷面年徑流統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)表斷面名稱F(km2)H(m)P(mm)Q(m3/s)0CvCs/Cv香柏河一級(jí)電站清水河取水口8.26100117680.460.152香柏河一級(jí)電站香柏河取水口34.42100017681.920.152香柏二級(jí)電站期間徑流35.6586016551.870.152各規(guī)劃電站年徑流量計(jì)算:香柏河規(guī)劃電站按自然徑流、香柏河一級(jí)電站引水徑按清水河取水口、香柏河取水口同頻率徑流相加,香柏河二級(jí)電站取用一級(jí)電站尾水,將南田凹河、南棒凹河、中山河視為期間徑流,引入香柏河二級(jí)電站中,多年平均流量為:4.98m3/s,規(guī)劃電站取水口均按自然經(jīng)流計(jì)算。香柏河一級(jí)站清水河取水口設(shè)計(jì)徑流年內(nèi)分配過(guò)程表單位:m3/s

頻率6月7月8月9月10月11月12月1月2月3月4月5月年平均10%0.820.951.090.920.590.540.430.320.230.230.130.320.5550%0.670.831.040.720.550.440.390.290.180.180.160.280.4890%0.430.550.640.510.470.330.350.260.130.110.180.230.35香柏河一級(jí)電站香柏河取水口設(shè)計(jì)徑流年內(nèi)分配過(guò)程表單位:ms/s頻率6月7月8月9月10月11月12月1月2月3月4月5月年平均10%3.634.224.814.062.612.371.921.411.021.010.591.432.4250%2.523.123.922.732.061.681.481.110.690.680.591.031.8090%1.912.432.822.282.11.461.531.160.590.470.811.011.55香柏河一級(jí)電站香柏河設(shè)計(jì)徑流年內(nèi)分配過(guò)程表頻率6月7月8月9月10月11月12月1月2月3月4月5月年平均10%4.455.175.94.983.22.912.351.731.251.240.721.752.9750%3.193.954.963.452.612.121.871.40.870.860.751.312.2890%2.342.983.462.792.571.791.881.420.720.580.991.241.9香柏河二級(jí)電站期間徑流補(bǔ)償水源設(shè)計(jì)徑流年內(nèi)分配過(guò)程表單位:ms/s頻率6月7月8月9月10月11月12月1月2月3月4月5月年平均10%4.335.035.744.843.112.832.291.681.221.210.701.702.8950%3.103.844.823.362.542.061.821.360.850.840.731.272.2290%2.282.903.372.712.501.741.831.380.700.560.961.211.85香柏河二級(jí)電站設(shè)計(jì)徑流年內(nèi)分配過(guò)程表單位:ms/s各電站壩址徑流成果表各電站壩址徑流成果表頻率6月7月8月9月10月11月12月1月2月3月4月5月年平均10%8.7810.211.649.826.315.744.643.412.472.451.423.455.8650%6.297.799.786.815.154.183.692.761.721.71.482.585.0490%4.625.886.835.55.073.533.712.81.421.141.952.454.05名稱年平均流量Mb/s洪峰流量Ms/s最小流量Ms/s頻率香柏河一級(jí)電站0.559.510.1810%0.484.410.1750%

清水河取水口0.353.100.1390%香柏河一級(jí)電站香柏河取水口2.4261.760.9510%1.8040.650.8350%1.5521.190.4590%香柏河二級(jí)電站取水口2.9771.271.1310%2.2845.061.0050%1.924.290.5890%香柏河二級(jí)電站(期間徑注補(bǔ)給水源)5.86110.661.4510%5.0453.701.2950%4.0550.710.9090%2.4.5壩址代表年日流量計(jì)算根據(jù)水能調(diào)節(jié)計(jì)算的需要,需計(jì)算曼辛河各規(guī)劃電站壩址P=10%豐水年、P=50%平水年、P=90%枯水年三個(gè)代表年日流量。各規(guī)劃電站勻采用木康站上述各年日流量資料,小清水河電站、香柏河電站按自然徑流香柏河一級(jí)站小清水河取水口壩址、香柏河取水口壩址、香柏河二級(jí)電站取水口直接引用一級(jí)電站尾水,將南田凹河、南棒凹河、中山河納入香柏河二級(jí)電站補(bǔ)充水源,建址得出各規(guī)劃壩址、豐、平、枯各頻率設(shè)計(jì)流量修正至壩址。香柏河一級(jí)電站清水河P10%逐日平均流量表單位:m3/s月份日期67891011121234510.570.750.740.580.670.510.470.390.280.170.140.1220.540.870.710.720.660.510.470.390.270.170.140.1230.550.820.730.810.660.510.470.380.270.170.140.12

40.550.870.730.910.660.510.470.350.270.170.140.1250.560.800.730.890.650.510.470.350.260.160.140.1360.550.970.830.860.650.510.470.350.260.160.140.1370.550.790.911.100.650.510.470.400.320.160.140.1380.550.990.891.700.650.510.460.360.270.160.140.1390.550.770.891.670.640.510.460.340.260.160.130.12100.551.010.960.810.630.510.460.340.250.160.130.13110.550.750.830.800.610.500.450.330.250.160.130.13120.551.030.850.830.610.500.450.330.240.160.130.15131.420.741.960.920.600.500.440.330.240.160.130.25142.201.043.121.030.590.500.440.320.230.160.140.33152.781.062.781.020.590.500.440.330.220.240.140.33162.830.722.910.990.581.370.430.310.220.310.140.39171.590.700.941.970.570.750.420.300.210.340.130.40180.551.080.890.930.570.490.420.290.210.330.130.45190.501.550.760.930.560.490.420.290.210.240.130.44200.601.090.840.820.560.490.420.290.200.220.120.42210.550.670.840.810.550.490.410.290.200.180.120.41220.551.110.830.810.550.490.410.280.201.030.130.45230.550.910.900.730.550.490.410.280.200.680.120.47240.550.520.970.730.550.480.400.270.200.160.120.48250.551.131.180.720.550.480.400.260.200.150.120.49260.552.251.180.720.540.480.400.260.190.150.120.52270.561.041.110.680.540.480.400.320.190.150.120.52280.551.521.020.680.540.480.400.320.180.150.120.54290.560.630.580.680.530.480.390.310.150.120.54300.550.700.590.680.520.480.390.290.140.120.55310.720.550.510.000.390.280.140.56平均0.820.951.090.920.590.540.430.320.230.230.130.32香柏河一電站清水河取水口香柏河一電站清水河取水口50%逐日平均流量表月份日期67891011121234510.430.590.530.520.480.350.400.330.210.150.160.1820.410.660.551.020.470.350.400.330.200.150.160.1830.410.650.580.610.480.350.420.330.200.140.160.18單位:M3/s

40.430.660.620.650.470.350.480.320.200.140.160.1950.410.590.580.640.470.350.460.310.200.140.160.1960.430.701.500.630.470.350.530.310.200.140.160.1970.410.590.670.730.470.350.580.340.230.140.160.1980.440.690.661.010.470.350.410.320.200.140.150.1990.400.540.671.020.470.350.400.300.200.140.150.18100.440.690.750.600.460.350.400.300.210.130.150.19110.400.591.101.300.480.340.390.300.200.130.150.19120.452.160.700.600.490.340.390.440.190.130.150.20130.832.061.220.640.480.490.390.300.180.130.150.24141.271.901.840.690.460.780.390.290.200.420.160.28151.571.191.670.680.441.500.390.290.180.320.160.28161.540.581.210.670.571.350.380.280.170.210.150.31170.470.610.711.220.720.760.380.280.170.220.150.32180.460.810.730.711.130.340.370.280.170.220.150.34190.360.590.560.691.700.330.360.280.170.170.140.33200.480.770.611.480.990.350.360.270.160.160.140.32210.390.540.640.590.710.340.350.270.160.140.140.31220.460.750.660.590.430.340.350.270.160.560.140.33230.430.680.690.540.400.340.350.270.160.390.140.33240.420.490.720.380.410.330.350.260.160.130.280.34250.460.790.790.540.420.330.490.260.160.120.280.35261.911.342.320.530.420.330.340.260.160.120.140.36271.910.763.710.510.400.330.340.280.160.120.140.35281.251.002.200.940.400.330.340.280.150.120.140.36290.400.581.360.510.390.330.340.280.120.130.37300.390.590.950.510.390.330.340.270.120.130.38310.590.820.390.000.330.250.120.40平均0.670.831.040.720.550.440.390.290.180.180.160.28香柏河一電站清水河取水90%逐日平均流量表位:M3/s月份日期67891011121234510.280.430.330.470.300.190.330.280.140.120.190.25

20.290.450.401.310.280.180.330.280.140.120.180.2530.270.480.430.420.290.190.370.270.140.120.180.2440.320.440.510.380.290.180.480.270.140.120.180.2450.270.380.430.390.290.190.440.270.140.120.170.2460.320.431.300.400.290.180.590.270.140.110.170.2470.260.390.420.370.290.180.700.270.140.110.170.2480.330.380.420.320.290.180.350.270.140.110.170.2490.260.310.450.360.290.180.350.270.130.110.170.24100.330.360.530.390.300.180.340.270.170.110.170.24110.250.431.371.800.350.180.340.270.150.110.170.24120.341.560.470.360.380.180.340.290.130.110.170.24130.241.650.470.350.360.470.340.260.130.110.170.24140.350.590.550.340.331.050.340.260.160.160.160.23150.351.330.560.340.291.620.330.260.130.130.160.23160.240.440.540.350.571.340.330.260.130.100.160.23170.230.510.470.470.860.760.330.260.130.100.160.23180.360.540.570.481.690.180.320.260.130.100.160.22190.230.500.360.452.840.170.300.260.130.100.160.21200.360.440.391.280.540.200.300.250.120.100.160.21210.220.410.440.380.860.180.290.250.120.100.160.21220.370.390.480.380.290.180.290.250.120.100.160.21230.300.450.480.350.250.180.290.250.120.100.160.20240.290.470.470.380.280.180.290.250.120.100.450.20250.370.440.390.350.300.180.320.250.120.100.440.20261.530.431.760.340.300.190.280.250.120.100.150.20271.530.481.090.330.270.190.280.250.120.100.150.19281.950.490.781.200.260.180.280.250.120.090.150.19290.240.520.580.330.250.190.280.250.090.150.20300.240.471.300.330.280.180.280.250.090.150.20310.471.090.280.000.280.210.090.24平均0.430.550.640.510.470.330.350.260.130.110.180.23香柏河一電站香柏河取水口P10%逐日平均流量表單位:M3/S月份日期67891011121234512.513.333.262.552.952.282.101.721.240.760.620.5322.373.833.143.202.922.282.101.711.200.740.610.5332.453.633.213.572.922.282.081.691.200.740.610.55

42.433.853.214.042.902.252.081.571.180.740.610.5552.473.553.213.942.882.252.081.531.160.730.610.5762.434.303.693.782.882.252.081.531.160.730.610.5972.433.474.024.872.882.232.061.781.410.730.610.5782.434.373.947.512.882.232.031.581.200.700.610.5792.433.403.947.402.842.232.031.491.160.700.590.55102.434.454.253.572.762.232.021.491.120.700.590.57112.433.333.693.522.682.222.001.471.100.700.570.59122.434.533.743.692.682.221.981.461.070.680.570.65136.283.268.674.082.652.221.961.461.040.680.571.10149.734.6113.814.552.622.221.961.431.020.680.621.461512.274.6912.274.512.622.201.941.460.981.060.621.461612.493.1812.844.362.556.041.881.380.961.350.611.75177.023.104.168.732.533.331.861.330.941.490.591.78182.434.763.924.112.512.171.861.290.921.460.572.00192.226.863.374.112.502.171.851.290.921.070.571.96202.674.823.713.612.502.171.851.270.900.960.551.85212.452.953.713.592.452.171.831.270.900.810.551.83222.434.903.663.572.452.161.801.240.884.550.572.00232.454.003.963.212.422.161.801.210.883.000.552.06242.432.314.303.212.422.141.781.200.870.680.532.14252.434.985.243.202.422.141.781.160.870.670.552.17262.459.965.213.182.392.111.771.160.840.670.532.30272.474.614.923.022.392.111.771.410.820.650.552.30282.436.704.503.002.372.111.771.410.810.650.552.39292.502.792.573.002.332.111.751.380.650.552.37302.433.102.623.002.302.111.751.270.620.532.42313.182.452.281.721.260.622.47平均3.634.224.814.062.612.371.921.411.021.010.591.43香柏河一電站香柏河取水口50%逐日平均流量表單位:m3/s月份日期67891011121234511.612.222.001.961.811.341.511.250.800.550.610.6821.552.482.093.831.771.311.501.240.760.550.600.6831.552.442.182.301.801.321.581.240.760.530.600.68

41.642.472.322.441.791.311.801.190.760.530.600.7051.552.222.172.421.791.321.721.170.750.520.590.7061.642.635.662.361.771.312.001.170.750.520.590.7071.542.222.512.751.771.312.181.270.860.520.590.7081.652.592.473.801.771.311.541.190.760.520.570.7091.512.022.533.831.761.311.511.130.750.520.570.68101.662.592.822.251.731.311.501.130.800.500.570.70111.502.244.144.881.801.281.491.120.750.500.570.70121.698.122.622.251.851.281.491.660.700.500.570.74133.137.744.592.401.811.841.471.120.680.500.550.91144.787.156.912.591.732.921.471.100.741.580.591.05155.894.486.282.551.665.631.461.100.671.200.591.05165.782.184.552.522.155.071.421.060.650.790.571.17171.792.292.664.592.702.851.421.050.650.820.551.19181.723.042.742.664.241.271.391.040.640.820.551.27191.362.222.112.606.411.241.351.040.640.650.531.24201.812.892.305.573.711.311.351.020.610.600.531.19211.462.022.402.242.661.271.341.020.610.530.531.17221.732.822.472.241.611.271.321.010.612.110.531.24231.612.552.592.031.501.271.321.010.601.470.531.25241.581.852.721.431.551.251.310.980.600.491.061.28251.732.962.972.021.581.251.840.970.600.461.061.31267.195.048.731.991.581.251.280.970.590.460.521.35277.182.8513.941.921.511.251.281.060.590.450.521.34284.693.778.273.541.501.241.281.060.570.450.521.36291.502.175.121.911.471.251.271.050.450.501.40301.492.213.571.911.491.241.271.010.450.501.42312.243.091.491.250.940.451.50平均2.523.123.922.732.061.681.481.110.690.680.591.03香柏河一電站香柏河取水口90%逐日平均流量表單位:m3/s月份日期67891011121234511.241.881.462.061.330.841.461.210.620.530.821.1021.272.001.775.791.260.791.461.210.620.530.811.1031.202.111.921.851.290.821.631.200.620.530.791.07

41.411.942.231.691.290.812.141.200.620.510.791.0751.181.661.881.751.290.821.961.200.610.510.761.0761.431.885.771.771.290.812.621.200.610.490.761.0771.161.751.851.631.290.813.101.200.610.490.761.0781.461.691.861.431.290.811.551.200.610.490.741.0791.131.352.001.581.290.811.551.180.590.490.741.07101.471.612.361.751.330.811.511.180.740.470.741.07111.101.926.047.941.550.811.511.180.650.470.741.06121.516.892.081.611.690.811.491.290.590.470.741.06131.077.292.101.531.612.081.491.160.590.470.741.04141.532.622.431.511.464.621.491.160.700.730.731.02151.555.882.471.491.297.181.471.130.590.590.731.01161.061.942.371.572.515.911.471.130.570.450.731.01171.022.282.082.063.803.351.471.130.570.450.731.01181.582.372.512.117.450.811.411.130.570.450.700.98191.012.201.612.0012.550.741.321.130.570.450.700.94201.611.961.725.652.390.881.321.120.550.450.700.94210.981.801.941.663.780.811.291.120.550.430.700.92221.631.712.141.691.290.811.291.120.550.430.700.92231.331.98

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