英語（第二冊）第八章

Warming-upListening&SpeakingPronunciationHavingFun01030204Reading05GrammarFocus06WritingReviewCultureCornerCreativePracticalActivities07090810Self-assessment1101Warming-upⅠRead,watchandtalk.讀下列觀點，看視頻，談談你對文化多樣性及文化自信的認識。ⅠRead,watchandtalk.讀下列觀點，看視頻，談談你對文化多樣性及文化自信的認識。Thankstoglobalization(全球化),peoplefromallovertheworldwithdifferentlanguages,lifestyles,traditionsandbeliefsmayworkorevenlivetogether.It’stimetoappreciateculturaldiversity.Tobeabletolearnfromotherdifferentculturegroups,wemustunderstandoneanother.Learningaboutotherculturesgivesusdifferentperspectives(視角)ontheworldweliveintoday.ⅠRead,watchandtalk.讀下列觀點，看視頻，談談你對文化多樣性及文化自信的認識。TheChinesenationwillnotbeabletorejuvenateitselfwithoutstrongculturalconfidenceandarichandprosperous(繁榮的)culture.ⅡWatchanddiscuss.看視頻，兩人一組討論以下問題。1.WhatisyourattitudetowardsWesternculture?2.Whatisyourattitudetowardsourculture?3.Whatdoyouthinkisthefoundationofourcountry’sculturalself-confidence?4.Whatshouldwedotoenhanceourculturalself-confidenceandpromotetraditionalculture?02Listening&SpeakingⅠListenanddecide.聽錄音，判斷對錯。

Dialogue1TheCulturaldifferencesimpressedmemost.1.KyleisinAmericanow. ()2.KylethoughtChineseandAmericansthinksimilarly. ()3.WhenAmericansfeelill,theyliketotakeadvicefromthosewhoshowcaretothem. ()4.Offeringhelporadviceisn’talwaysregardedasbeingkindinAmerica. ()FFFTⅡListenandfollow.聽錄音，跟讀對話。

Paige: How’syourtimespentintheUnitedStates?Kyle: Well,prettygood.Paige: I’mgladtohearthat.Whatimpressedyoumost?Kyle: Well,theculturaldifferencesimpressedmethemost.Paige: YoumeanweChinesethinkdifferentlyfromtheAmericans?Kyle: That’sright,quitedifferent.OnedayoneofmyAmericanfriendslookedpale,soIaskedhimwhetherhewassickornot.Buthewasreluctanttoanswermyquestion.Paige: That’sweird.Kyle: Andwhat’smore,whenhetoldmehehadcaughtacoldforseveraldays,Isuggestedthatheshouldgotothehospitalassoonaspossible.Paige: Youreallycaredaboutyourfriend.Kyle: SureIam.Butheresponded,“Whatdoyoumean?”Paige: I’mconfused.Whydidhesaythat?

Kyle: Ifeltthesameatfirst.LaterhetoldmethatI’dbetternotgivehimanysuggestionswhenhewassick.Offeringunsolicitedhelporadviceislikeshowingsympathytotheweakorthepoor.BackinChina,helpingothersisalwaysregardedasbeingkind.Paige: Absolutely.NowIunderstandwhyherespondedinthatway.Notesimpress /?m?pres/ v. 給……留下深刻的好印象pale /pe?l/ adj. 蒼白的reluctant /r??l?kt?nt/ adj. 不情愿的weird /w??d/ adj. 奇怪的respond /r??sp?nd/ v. 回答；回應confused /k?n?fju?zd/ adj. 迷惑的unsolicited /??ns??l?s?t?d/ adj. 未經(jīng)要求的sympathy /?s?mp?θi/ n. 同情ⅢListenandcomplete.聽錄音，完成對話。

A:Haveyouadaptedtothe_________inChina?B:Yeah,almost.ButIstillwonderwhysomeofmyChinesecolleaguessharetheirpersonalstories_________others.A:Don’tyoudothatinyourcountry?B:No.Weneverdothatina____________.A:

Perhapsthat’sbecausewe____________differentideasaboutprivacy.lifestyleinfrontofpublicofficeholdⅣGroupdiscussion.小組討論。

Topic:Howtodealwiththecultureshock?A:Manystudentsstudyingabroadexperiencethecultureshock.B:Sowhatiscultureshockexactly?A:Cultureshockis…B:Whatcanwedotodealwiththecultureshock?A:Ithinkwecan…ⅠListenandchoose.聽錄音，選擇合適的答案。

Dialogue2It’sveryinterestingtolearnaboutdifferentcultures.1.WhatimpressedMarkthemost?AA.B.ⅠListenandchoose.聽錄音，選擇最佳答案。

2.WhatdoMark’sfriendsenjoywatching?BA.B.ⅡListenandfill.聽錄音，補全對話。

Mark: IhavebeeninChinaforayear.It’ssobeautiful!IlikeChinaverymuch.IparticularlylikethetouristattractionsinChina,suchastheForbiddenCityand____________.WhatimpressedmemostistraditionalChinesemedicine.Itisreallymiraculous!Jane: Thanks,thecultureofChinaisindeedextensiveandprofound.Mark: The5000-year-longcivilizationisasourceofprideforeveryChinese.Jane: ____________.AretheremanypeoplelearningChineseinyourcountry?Mark: Yes.TherearemanyConfuciusInstitutesinourcountry,andevenmany____________offerChineselanguagecourses.Jane: Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,moreandmorepeoplearelearningChinese,andenjoyingChineseculture.Mark: Yes.Alotofmyfriendsenjoy____________

andwatchingBeijingOpera.Jane: Soundswonderful.Mark: BothChinesecultureandWesternculturehavetheirspecialcharacters,languagesandcustoms.Ifweabsorbtheadvantagesofeachother,itwillbeeasytomaketheculturesmorevariedandglobalized.Jane: ____________.It’sveryinterestingtolearnaboutdifferentcultures.Mark: Exactly.Notestouristattraction /?t??r?st//??tr?k?n/ 旅游勝地miraculous /m??r?kj?l?s/ adj. 奇跡般的；不可思議的extensive /?k?stens?v/ adj. 廣泛的profound /pr??fa?nd/ adj. 意義深遠的civilization /?s?v?la??ze??n/ n. 文明source /s??s/ n. 根源ConfuciusInstitute /??nst?tju?t/ 孔子學院globalization /?gl??b?la??ze??n/ n. 全球化absorb /?b?s??b/ v. 吸收YourfriendisfromAmerica.Heisveryinterestedinthe12ChineseZodiac(十二生肖).Andyouintroduceittohim.Situation:ⅢRoleplay.兩人一組根據(jù)下述情景編一段對話，并進行角色扮演。

UsefulexpressionsIt’sinterestingthatwehavetwelveChineseZodiac,andyouhavetwelvesigns(十二星座)inyourculture.真有意思，我們有十二生肖，而你們文化中有十二星座。Rat鼠

Ox牛

Tiger虎 Rabbit兔 Dragon龍 Snake蛇Horse馬 Goat羊 Monkey猴 Rooster雞 Dog狗 Boar豬ⅢRoleplay.兩人一組根據(jù)下述情景編一段對話，并進行角色扮演。

A:It’sinterestingthatwehavetwelveChineseZodiacinChina,andyouhavetwelvesignsinyourculture.B:Yes.WhatarethetwelveChineseZodiac?A:Theyare...B:IheardthatChinesecalendariscyclical.A:You’reright.Eachcycleismadeupof12years.Afterthe12thyear,thecycleisrepeated.B:What’syourChinesezodiac?A:Iamahorse/goat/snake...B:Whataboutme?A:Itdependsonwhichyearyouwereborn.B:Iwasbornin2008.A:Thenyouarearat.B:Wow,it’ssointeresting.03Pronunciation摩擦音/s/和/z/摩擦音/s/和/z//s/的發(fā)音規(guī)則：發(fā)音時，舌尖輕抵下齒齦，氣流由舌尖和下齒齦之間流出，摩擦發(fā)音。該音是清輔音，發(fā)音時聲帶不振動。/z/的發(fā)音規(guī)則：發(fā)音時，舌尖輕抵下齒齦，氣流由舌尖和下齒齦之間流出，摩擦發(fā)音。該音是濁輔音，發(fā)音時聲帶振動。ⅠPronunciationrules.看視頻，學習/s/和/z/的發(fā)音規(guī)則。ⅡLetterpatterns./s/和/z/對應的字母和字母組合。摩擦音字母單詞/s/ssunny、school、bus、safe、student、sorryssboss、presscagency、cancelcesurface、justice、rice、face、practicesepromise、course/z/zzoo、citizen、zip、magazinezesize、gaze、seize、zerosas、easy、clothessebecause、exercise、please、causeⅢListenandfollow.跟讀短句，練習/s/和/z/的發(fā)音。/s/Sadnessandgladnesssucceedeachother.悲喜互繼，哀樂相續(xù)。Secondthoughtsarebest.三思而后行。I’dbesorrytosaythatIwon’tbeabletoacceptthejob.很遺憾，我不能接受這工作。/z/Manproposes,Goddisposes.謀事在人，成事在天。Itisnoteasytozipuphisjacket.給他的夾克衫拉上拉鏈真不容易。Lizisverylazy.莉茲非常懶。04HavingFun

Listenandfollow.欣賞歌曲，并嘗試跟唱。AllOverThisWorldAlloverthisworldAlloverthisworldPeoplearealike,butnotthesameAlloverthisworld

InFrance,it’scalledacrepeInChina,theyarecalledMoo-shooInEthiopia,itdoublesasaplate,andtheyuseittoeatwith,tooThere’sMexicantortillas,latkesinIsrael

InDenmark,they’recalledpandekagerAndjustabouteverywherearoundtheworldYou’llfindsomekindofpancakethereIhavealwaysbeenamazed,whereverIdoroam……05Reading“Culture”hasvariousmeaningsindifferentdisciplines1.Butforthepurposeofintercultural2relationsandresearch,howdowedefineitandhowdoesitinfluence3us?Isitthewaywedress?Thewayweeatorpreparefood?Thekindofcarsweliketodriveorothermeansoftransportationwemightprefer?Cultureisallthesethingsandmuchmore.Itiscommunication,whichinfluenceshowwesendandexplainmessages.Itshapeshumanconductwithinaculturalgroupandmakesitsgroupmembers’behaviorcomprehensible4

andtoacertaindegree5

predictable6

foreachother.Thereisnouniversal7

mode8

ofcivilization,giventhatanycivilizationalwaysbearsahistorical,relativeandethnic9character.Itdevelopsovertime.Onlythroughcreativeabsorption10canacultureincorporate11positiveelements12

fromotherculturesintoitsdevelopment.Anyindiscriminate13

duplication14

ofoutsidemodels,whichwouldshowalackofculturalself-confidence,wouldinevitably15resultinthelossofitsown

foundation16.TheChinesecivilizationistheonlycivilizationwith

uninterrupted17

developmentintheworld,duetoitsuniquelinguistic18,culturalandvaluesystemsanditsabilityforconstantself-renewal19.Thevitality20oftheChinesecivilizationcomesfromitsmillenniums-long21culturalself-confidenceanditscontinuousinteractions22amongitsownethnicgroupsandwithoutsidecivilizations.Cultureisacountryandanation’ssoul.Ourcountrywillthrive23onlyifourculturethrives,andournationwillbestrongonlyifourcultureisstrong.Withoutfullconfidenceinourculture,withoutarichandprosperous24culture,theChinesenationwillnotbeabletorejuvenate25

itself.

WhyShouldWeBeCulturallyConfident我們?yōu)槭裁匆獔猿治幕孕挪煌瑢W科中“文化”的含義各有不同。那么，在跨文化關系和跨文化研究領域，我們該如何定義它？它又是如何影響我們的？著裝方式、飲食方式或烹飪方式屬于文化的范疇嗎？駕駛偏好或乘車偏好呢？文化是這一切的總和，甚至范圍更廣。文化影響了我們傳遞信息、解釋信息的方式。它塑造了一個文化群體中人的行為，使該群體成員的行為可以被理解，并在某種程度上可以被預測。文明沒有固定的模式，因為任何文明都具有歷史性、相對性和民族性。它是隨著時間的推移而發(fā)展的。只有通過創(chuàng)造性的吸收，一種文化才能將其他文化的積極因素納入其發(fā)展之中。任何對外部文化不加區(qū)分就進行吸收的行為，都是文化群體缺乏文化自信的表現(xiàn)，這必將導致該文化群體失去自身存在的基礎。中華文明因其獨特的語言、文化、價值體系及不斷自我更新的能力，成為世界上唯一沒有中斷的文明。中華文明的生命力源于其千年的文化自信心，源于其自身民族之間，乃至其與外部文明之間不斷的互動。文化是一個國家和民族的靈魂。只有文化繁榮，我們的國家才會繁榮；只有文化強大，我們的國家才會強大。沒有高度的文化自信，沒有文化的繁榮興盛，就沒有中華民族偉大復興。

NewWordsandExpressions1discipline /?d?s?pl?n/ n. 知識領域；學科2intercultural /??nt?'k?lt??r?l/ adj. 跨文化的3influence /??nflu?ns/ v. 影響4comprehensible /?k?mpr??hens?bl/ adj. 可理解的；能懂的5toacertaindegree 在一定程度上6predictable /pr??d?kt?bl/ adj. 可預見的；可預料的7universal /?ju?n??v??sl/ adj. 普遍存在的；廣泛適用的8mode /m??d/ n. 樣式；方式9ethnic /?eθn?k/ adj. 民族的；種族的10absorption /?b?s??p?n/ n. 并入；同化11incorporate /?n?k??p?re?t/ v. 吸收；使并入12element /?el?m?nt/ n. 要素；基本部分13indiscriminate /??nd?s?kr?m?n?t/ adj. 不加分析的；不加判斷的

NewWordsandExpressions14duplication /?dju?pl?ke?t/ v. 復制15inevitably /?n?ev?t?bli/ adv. 不可避免地16foundation /fa?n?de??n/ n. 基礎；根基17uninterrupted /??n??nt??r?pt?d/ adj. 不間斷的；持續(xù)不斷的18linguistic /l???gw?st?k/ adj. 語言的19self-renewal /selfr?nj'u??l/ n. 自我恢復；自動更新20vitality /va??t?l?ti/ n. 生命力；活力21millenniums-long /m??leni?ml??/ adj. 千年之久的22interaction /??nt?r??kt?n/ n. 相互影響；相互作用23thrive /θra?v/ v. 繁榮；蓬勃發(fā)展24prosperous /?pr?sp?r?s/ adj. 繁榮的；興旺的25rejuvenate /r??d?u?v?ne?t/ v. 使年輕；使更有活力

ReadingComprehensionⅠReadanddecide.

讀文章，判斷正誤。1.Thereisonlyonedefinitionofculture. ()2.Culturecanshapepeople’sbehaviorswithinaculturalgroup. ()3.Thereisnouniversalmodeofcivilization. ()4.Toacceptanaliencultureentirelyisasignoflackofculturalconfidence. ()5.TheChinesenationcan’tbeabletorejuvenateitselfwithoutculturalconfidence. ()FTTTF

ReadingComprehension1.“Culture”hasvariousmeaningsindifferentdisciplines.________________________________________________________________________________2.Cultureshapeshumanconductwithinaculturalgroup.________________________________________________________________________________不同學科中“文化”的含義各有不同。文化塑造了一個文化群體中人們的行為。ⅡReadandtranslate.

英譯漢，并背誦句子。06GrammarFocus一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時是表示通常性、規(guī)律性、習慣性的狀態(tài)，或者一般性的事實。1．一般現(xiàn)在時的用法用法例句表示主語經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作，常與often、usually、always、sometimes等頻度副詞及onSaturdays、inthemorning/afternoon/evening、everyday等時間狀語連用Iusuallygetupatsixinwinter.Mymomalwayssmiles.IoftenwatchTVseriesorsports.Idosomeexerciseeveryday.表示主語現(xiàn)時的情況或狀態(tài)IenjoyswimmingalotandIlovediving.Heisverybusynow.Wefeelverycold.一般現(xiàn)在時用法例句表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好和外貌等Mybrotherisgoodatcooking.Myparentsaretall.表示客觀真理、事實和名言警句注意：即使是在過去的語境中，如果表示的是真理、事實，句子仍用一般現(xiàn)在時Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.Practicemakesperfect.IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.表示車、船、飛機等按時刻表出發(fā)Theplanetakesoffat9:30inthemorning.表示預先計劃好或安排好的要發(fā)生的動作，句中通常有表示將來的時間狀語Comeon!Thedinnerstartsinfiveminutes.一般現(xiàn)在時2．一般現(xiàn)在時的結構結構例句肯定句主語be(am/is/are)其他Iamastudent.Heisaworker.Theyareinthelibrary.主語+動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)/動詞原形

其他Shelikesbananas.Theyenjoythemovie.否定句主語be(am/is/are)not其他Iamnotastudent.Heisnotaworker.Theyarenotinthelibrary.主語doesn’t/don’t動詞原形

其他Shedoesn’tlikebananas.Theydon’tenjoythemovie.一般現(xiàn)在時用法結構例句一般疑問句Be(Am/Is/Are)

主語

其他肯定回答：Yes,主語(代詞)

be(am/is/are)否定回答：No,主語(代詞)

be(am/is/are)

not—Isheaworker?—Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.—Areyouastudent?—Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Do

主語

動詞原形

其他肯定回答：Yes,主語(代詞)

does/do否定回答：No,主語(代詞)

does/do

not—Doesshelikebananas?—Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.—Dotheyenjoythemovie?—Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.特殊疑問句疑問詞

be(am/is/are)

主語

其他疑問詞

does/do

主語

動詞原形

其他Whatcoloristhatbird?Whatdoeshelike?Whatdotheyenjoy?一般現(xiàn)在時3．動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式若句子主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則如下：適用情況變化規(guī)則讀音例詞一般情況加-s清輔音后讀/s/help→helpswork→worksget→getslike→likes濁輔音和元音后讀/z/play→playsread→readsenjoy→enjoyssing→sings“輔音字母

o”結尾加-es讀/z/go→goesdo→does以s、sh、ch、x結尾加-es讀/?z/wash→washesteach→teacheskiss→kissesfix→fixes“以輔音字母

y”結尾變y為i再加-es讀/z/study→studiesfly→fliestry→triescarry→carries特殊記憶：have→has

Fillintheblanks.

根據(jù)提示補全句子。

1._________yoursister_________(know)English?2.Herhome___________________________(遠離)herschool.3.Thepot__________________(notlook)likeyoursverymuch.4.Where_________you_________(have)luncheveryday?5.Who_________(想要)togoswimming?6._________she_________(do)thehouseworkeveryday?7.JennyandDannyusually_________(play)gamesintheafternoon.Doesknowisawayfromdoesn’tlookdohavewantsDoesdoplay07Writing

ⅠReadandwrite.

根據(jù)提示，完成文章。

Canknots(結)beaformofart?It’sinChina.Theyhavealonghistoryanda_________(culture)meaningeventoday.AChineseknotiswoven(編織)fromasinglelengthofropetobeavarietyofshapes.Eachshapehas_________(it)ownmeaning,andChineseknotsareusuallywovenintheredcolor,whichindicatesgoodfortune.Originally,peoplemayhavemadethem_________(record)informationandconveymessagesbeforetheystartedtowrite.Itis_________(know)thatthey______________(intend)forartisticdecorationandusedtoexpressthoughtsandfeelingsintheTangDynasty.Now,somepeopleuseknotswhentheydressintraditionalChineseclothing.Theyarea________(mean)of_________(fasten)traditionalclothesinsteadofbuttons.Andsilkismost_________(wide)usedtomaketheseclothingknots.culturalitsrecordedknownwereintendedmeansfasteningwidely

ⅡWriting.

根據(jù)Ⅰ中的例文，寫一篇作文介紹一項你喜歡的傳統(tǒng)文化。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________08Review

ⅠPhoneticreview.

查字典，讀下列單詞，體會兩個音素發(fā)音的不同之處。

/s/ press grass impress guess miss

snow star small respond tourist pencil city face nice twice

Sam,passmethesalt. Neitherofthemlikesthisweather./z/

zero zebra civilization globalization please nose confused lose his chairs music means Raiseyourhands,please! Heisalwaysbusywithhisexercise. Thoseboysmadealotofnoise;theircriescouldbeheardformiles./s/和/z/ Sue—zoo seal—zeal sip—zip price—prize place—plays sing—zing loose—lose coarse—cause fussy—fuzzy

ⅡSpokenEnglishreview.

根據(jù)問題完成對話。

1.A:AretheremanypeoplelearningChineseinyourcountry? B:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.A:How’syourtimespentintheUnitedStates? B:_________________________________________________________________________________3.A:Whatimpressedyoumost? B:_________________________________________________________________________________4.A:Whatiscultureshockexactly? B:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.A:Howtodealwiththecultureshock? B:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yes.TherearemanyConfuciusInstitutesinourcountry,andevenmanyprimaryschoolsofferChineselanguagecourses.Prettygood.Theculturaldifferencesimpressedmemost.Cultureshockisthefeelingofuncertainty,confusion,oranxietythatpeopleexperiencewhenvisiting,doingbusinessin,orlivinginasocietythatisdifferentfromtheirown.Weshouldtrytolearnaboutthenewcountry/cultureandunderstandthereasonsforculturaldifferences.

ⅢVocabularyandgrammarreview.

詞匯和語法復習。

1.在掌握的單詞和短語前打鉤，然后復習尚未掌握的單詞和短語。

ⅢVocabularyandgrammarreview.

詞匯和語法復習。

2.根據(jù)中文提示補全句子。(1)ThestoryofNiulangandZhinv___________(給……留下深刻的好印象)her.(2)Shewas___________(不情愿的)toadmitthiscultureisoutdated(過時的).(3)Thegovernment___________(回應)byprotectingthistraditionalculture.(4)Weshould__________(吸收)theexcellenceofforeignculture.(5)TheprofoundcultureoftheChinesenationisthe__________(根源)ofprideforeveryChinese.(6)Tome,thetraditionalChinesemedicineisreally__________(不可思議的).(7)Herearesometipsforassistingyouinyour__________(跨文化的)communication.(8)Ifourculture__________(繁榮),ourcountrywillthrives.impressedreluctantrespondedabsorbsourcemiraculousinterculturalthrives

ⅢVocabularyandgrammarreview.

詞匯和語法復習。

3.用所給短語的正確形式填空，補全句子。(1)I______________learntheknowledgeoftraditionalChineseculture.(2)TheForbiddenCityisafamous_______________.(3)__________________helikeshisjob.toacertaindegree(4)______________theyareinexperienced,they’vedoneagoodjob.amgladtotouristattractionToacertaindegreeGiventhat

ⅢVocabularyandgrammarreview.

詞匯和語法復習。

4.選擇合適的句子補全對話。A:Whatdoyoudoonholidays?B:____________________________A:Stayingathomeisveryboring,isn’tit?B:Yes,butwhatelsecanIdo?Ican’tfindanyinterestingplacetovisit.A:Iwouldliketovisitmyfriendsinsteadofstayingathome.B:___________________________________________A:Thenyouneedtogooutandmakesomefriends.B:Thatisagoodidea.__________________________________________A:Noproblem.Wheredoyoulive?B:____________________________A:Great!Myfriendslivenotfarfromthebusstation.MaybeIcanintroducethemtoyou.B:Soundsgreat.Iusuallystayathome.ButIdonothaveanyfriendnearbymyhouse.Wouldyouliketointroduceyourfriendstome?Ilivenearbythebusstation.

LearningTips.

POV復述POV（pointofview）復述是指以不同人的視角進行復述，且復述時始終保持第一人稱口吻。進行POV復述時，可參考以下幾個步驟。（1）找一則小故事，大聲朗讀若干遍，查明白其中生詞的意義。以APrivateConversation為例，原文如下：LastweekIwenttothetheater.Ihada