新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)lesson22課堂筆記

新概念第三冊(cè)Lesson22ByHeartSomeplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend.Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractorswhoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsbyheartandneverhavecausetofalter.Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.AfamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocratwhohadbeenimprisonedintheBastillefortwentyyears.Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeontothestagewithaletterwhichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.Eventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterateachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.Onenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajokeonhiscolleaguetofindoutif,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhishands.Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothearistocrat.Butthecopyhegavehimhadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.Thegaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustoseeifhisfellow-actorhadatlastlearnthislines.Thenoblestaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:'Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome.'Andhepromptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothegaoler.Findingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,thegaolerreplied:'Thelightisindeeddim,sire.Imustgetmyglasses.'Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.Muchtothearistocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletterwhichheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.有些劇目十分成功，以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來，可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因?yàn)樗麄冃枰灰惯B著一夜地重復(fù)同樣的臺(tái)詞。人們以為，這些演員一定會(huì)把臺(tái)詞背得爛熟，絕不會(huì)臨場(chǎng)結(jié)巴的，但情況卻并不總是這樣。有一位名演員曾在一出極為成功的劇目中扮演一個(gè)貴族角色，這個(gè)貴族已在巴士底獄被關(guān)押了20年。在最后一幕中，獄卒手持一封信上場(chǎng)，然后將信交給獄中那位貴族。盡管那個(gè)貴族每場(chǎng)戲都得念一遍那封信。但他還是堅(jiān)持要求將信的全文寫在信紙上。一天晚上，獄卒決定與他的同事開一個(gè)玩笑，看看他反復(fù)演出這么多場(chǎng)之后，是否已將信的內(nèi)容記熟了。大幕拉開，最后一幕戲開演，貴族獨(dú)自一人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。這時(shí)獄卒上場(chǎng)，手里拿著那封珍貴的信。獄卒走進(jìn)牢房，將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒有像往常那樣把全文寫全，而是一張白紙。獄卒熱切地觀察著，急于想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺(tái)詞。貴族盯著紙看了幾秒鐘，然后，眼珠一轉(zhuǎn)，說道：“光線太暗，請(qǐng)給我讀一下這封信。”說完，他一下子把信遞給獄卒。獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個(gè)字也記不住，于是便說：“陛下，這兒光線的確太暗了，我得去眼鏡拿來?！彼贿呎f著，一邊匆匆下臺(tái)。貴族感到非常好笑的是：一會(huì)兒工夫，獄卒重新登臺(tái)，拿來一副眼鏡以及平時(shí)使用的那封信，然后為那囚犯念了起來。課文講解：Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語(yǔ)run(ran,run)v.（戲劇,電影等）連演，連映--Thefilmissosuccessfulthatitrunsforseveralweeks.Linesn.（劇本中的）臺(tái)詞Partn.劇中的角色,臺(tái)詞Falterv.支吾,結(jié)巴說--Hehaspractisedthepoemseveraltimes,sohehasnocausetofalter.他練習(xí)這首詩(shī)好多次了，所以沒有理由結(jié)巴。Stammerv.口吃,結(jié)巴著說出,結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說Faltervi.蹣跚而行蹣跚踉蹌,搖擺=Staggerv.搖晃,蹣跚,交錯(cuò),搖搖擺擺--Hefalteredhome.cast(cast,cast)v.選派…扮演角色--Theactorwascastintheroleofhero.這個(gè)演員在劇中扮演英雄的角色。Rolen.角色,任務(wù)Rolen.角色Aristocratn.貴族Imprisonv.關(guān)押（=putsbinprison關(guān)押某人）--Hewasimprisonedfor10years.imprisonmentn.關(guān)押--sentencesbtolifeimprisonment判名人終生監(jiān)禁prison,jail=gaoln.監(jiān)獄--sendsbtoprison/putsbinprison/throwsbintoprisoninprison坐牢（不加the）--Heisinprison/jail/gaol.=Heisbehindbars.他在鐵窗之后。Bastillen.巴士底獄Gaolern.監(jiān)獄長(zhǎng)，看守Colleaguen.同事Curtainn.（舞臺(tái)上的）幕布Revealv.使顯露,揭露,揭穿--Thesecrethasn'tbeenrevealed.Revealvt.把什么露出來--Acurtainwasupandrevealedthebeautifulscenery.（n.風(fēng)景,景色）Disclosevt.揭發(fā)（--disclosethetruth）Discovervt.發(fā)現(xiàn)Uncovervt.揭開具體的蓋子--Averytightdressrevealsthebeautifulfigure.Revealableadj.可展現(xiàn)的Revealern.探測(cè)器celln.單人監(jiān)房,監(jiān)號(hào)blankadj.空白的squintv.瞇著（眼）看,瞄squintone'seyes瞇著眼睛--Hesquintedhiseyesandlookedattheletter.pearat瞇著眼睛看dimadj.昏暗--TheroomistoodimsoIcan'treadtheletter.Gloomyadj.(天氣,心情)抑郁的--Theweatherisgloomytoday./Heisingloomymood.Duskyadj.(天色)漆黑的,黑暗的--Towardseveningit’sgettingdusky.Murkyadj.黑暗的,陰沉的--Ican'tgooutatmurkynight.Mistyadj.多霧的,迷蒙的--Thebuildingisoutofsightonsuchamistyday.Siren.（古用法）陛下Proceedv.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行（停頓之后的繼續(xù)）proceedto/with進(jìn)行繼續(xù)某事--Let'sproceedtobusiness.--Youmustproceedwithyourwork.Proceedfrom…從…著手開始繼續(xù)--Theyproceedfromlessonone.proceedagainstsb起訴某人--Hedecidedtoproceedagainsthisneighbour.Expectvt.<口>(料)想,認(rèn)為,指望Expectvt.要求Aloneadj.單獨(dú)的,獨(dú)一無二的adv.獨(dú)自地Anxiousadj.擔(dān)憂的,渴望的,盼望的Fellowadj.同伴的,同事的,同道的Learntvt.記住Linen.臺(tái)詞Text課文Whichactorreadtheletterintheend,thearistocratorthegaoler?Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend,Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractorswhoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.Byheart熟記onend=continuouslyadv.連續(xù)的（位于具體的時(shí)間之后）--Hesatthereforhoursonend.--Wehadhardlyanythingtoeatfordaysonend.onend=uprightadv.豎著--Thecat'sfurstoodonend.--Igotabigshock,somyhairstoodonend.我被嚇了一跳,以至于我毛骨悚然。Who=actor關(guān)系代詞做主語(yǔ),不能省略--Thestudentwhowasrequiredtorecitethepoem100timesisreallypoor.Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsbyheartandneverhavecausetofalter.learn/knowbyheart把什么牢記在心--Thesentenceissoimportantthatyoumustlearnitbyheart.heartandsouladv.全心全意的,全身心的--Weseverthestudentsheartandsoul.takeheart鼓起勇氣,恢復(fù)信心loseone’sheart失去信心loseone’shearttosb=giveone’shearttosb親信于某人--Theboylosthishearttothegirl.putone'sheartintosth致力于某事--Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上無難事,只怕有心人。haveone'sheartinone'sboots提心吊膽--Hehadhisheartinhisbootswhenhewentoutalongatnight.Wouldv.(will的過去式)1>[表示過去將來時(shí),用于第二、三人稱](第一人稱英國(guó)用should,美國(guó)用would)將,會(huì)--Hesaidhewouldcome.他說他要來。2>[表示意愿]愿;偏要,肯--Hewouldeatnothing.他不肯吃東西;他什么也不愿吃。--Itoldhimnottogo,buthewouldnotlisten.我叫他別去,可他偏不聽。--Hewouldgoinspiteofourwarnings.他不聽我們的勸告,執(zhí)意要去。3>[表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作]常常,總是--Hewouldsitforhoursdoingnothing.過去他常常坐幾個(gè)鐘頭什么事也不做。--HewouldcometoseeusonSundays.過去星期天他經(jīng)常來看望我們。5>[表示某種假設(shè)的意志]想要,愿意--IcoulddosoifIwould.要是我愿意,我能夠這樣做(但我不愿意)。--Ifyouwoulddothisforme,Ishouldbegratefulindeed.8>[表示請(qǐng)求或個(gè)人想法、看法,使語(yǔ)氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)]請(qǐng)--Wouldyoukindlyshowmethewaytothestation?勞駕,請(qǐng)問到車站的路怎么走?--Iwouldliketospeakafewwords.我想講幾句話。--Itwouldseemthathewasright.看來他倒是對(duì)的。9>[表示假想的愿望]但愿,要是...多好--Would[Iwould]thattheyweresafehomeagain!愿他們?cè)倌芷桨不丶?--WouldthatIwereyoungagain.我若能再年青些該多好啊!--Wewishthathewouldcomeagain.我們但愿他會(huì)再來。--IwouldratheryoucameonSunday.希望你星期天來。10>[表示能力](=could)能--Thebarrelwouldhold100litres.這桶能裝一百升。Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.=Thiscaseisnotlikethis.AfamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocratwhohadbeenimprisonedintheBastillefortwentyyears.Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeontothestagewithaletterwhichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.WhichletterEventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterateachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.eventhough=evenif=though/althoughateachperformance=ateveryperformanceinsist（vt.堅(jiān)決要求）,suggest（vt.建議）order（vt.命令）,demand（vt.要求）,require（vt.要求）表示建議／要求／希望的動(dòng)詞加that賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),that從句必須使用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should可以省略）。infull=fully=completelyOnenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajokeonhiscolleaguetofindoutif,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.playajoke/cheekonsb開某人玩笑（cheekn.臉頰,面頰）Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.onthefinalact=inthelastactbehindbars鐵窗之后Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhisbands.with獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)precious表明這信對(duì)演員很重要Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothearistocrat.presentsthto=handto=passtoButthecopyhegavehimhadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.asusual如往常一樣,照例Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.Thegaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustoseeifhisfellowactorhadatlastlearnthislines.lookon旁觀,觀看anxious形容詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀況狀語(yǔ)Thenoblestaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.stareat凝視,盯住Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:'Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome'.ing形式做方式狀語(yǔ),伴隨狀況狀語(yǔ)Andhepromptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothemptly=immediatelyFindingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,thegaolerreplied:'Thelightisindeeddim,sire,Imustgetmyglasses.'現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.hurryoff匆忙離開Muchtothearistocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletterwhichheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.much用來加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣whichletterHelaughsbestwholaughslast.笑到最后的,才是笑的最好的。Multiplechoicequestions多項(xiàng)選擇1...AHelaughsbest,wholaughslast.Proverbn.格言,諺語(yǔ)Suitv.合適,適合Gistn.要點(diǎn),梗概,要旨Silvern.銀,銀子Leapv.跳,跳越,跳躍Goldenadj.貴重的,金色的,金黃色的H