(13)-3.5 國際貿(mào)易理論的發(fā)展與演變

3.4

the

evolvement

of

international

tradetheories國際貿(mào)易理論的發(fā)展演變Chapter3DynamicworldOvertime,thetradetheoriesareevolvingtomeetcontemporarycircumstances.ChronologicalorderTradebasisTradepolicyTradepatterntradebenefitHorizontaldevelopmentMercantilismclassicaltheoryH-O-StheoryNewtradetheoryWhatunderlineinternationaltrade?PricedifferenceSupplysideDemandsideScaleeconomyExternalInternalEnterpriseproductivityEndogenous-Boundary-of-the-FirmFactoradvantageClassicalandneo-classicaltradetheoryNewtradetheoryNew-newtradetheoryTradepatternsandtradepolicyClassicaltradetheoryLaborcostComparativeadvantageFreetradepolicyNeoclassicaltradetheory(H-O-S)FactorendowmentsComparativeadvantagefreetradepolicyNewtradetheoryandnew-newtradetheoryImperfectcompetitionandscaleofeconomyuncertainindustrialpolicyValuechainandFactoradvantagetradetheoryTradeBenefitClassicaltradetheoryandneoclassicaltradetheoryclaimthatfreetradeenhancethewelfareoftradingpartners.Andneoclassicaltradetheorygofurtheranddiscusstheinfluenceoftradeondomesticincomedistribution.Newtradetheoryandnew-newtradetheorysayproducerscanenjoyeconomyofscaleandconsumerscanconsumermorevarietyofcommoditieswithinternationaltrade,butmostofbenefitaccruestoindustrializednations.Neo-mercantilismrecursineconomicdepressionattempts

to

clearup

trade

deficits

and

exercise

tradeprotectionismand

hasbeen

wildly

successful

precisely

because

itflouts

international

norms.

Classicaltradetheoryrestorestheirenergyafterdepression.Theclassictradetheoriesstillhavevitalityinnowdays.H-OtheoryH-O商品市場H-O-S要素市場RybczynskiTheorem貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)升級LeontiefparadoxNewandnew-newtradetheoryInternationaltradeevolvesfrominter-industrytointra-industry.Newtradetheoryemerged,andtakesimperfectcompetitionandscaleofeconomyintotheory.PaulKrugmandevelopedthistheoryandexpandedinternationaltradeexplanation.

New-newtradetheoryPuttingthe"New"intoNewTradeTheory:PaulKrugman'sNobelMemorialPrizeinEconomics.Whatis“New”intheNewInternationalTradeTheory——AnAnalysisaboutPaulKrugman'sNewTradeTheoryMr.Melitzisapioneerofnew-newtradetheory.FactoradvantagetradetheoryZhangEr-zhen南京大學(xué)張二震老師Int