江蘇省南京市2022-2023學年高三上學期期初考試英語試題（原卷版）

第1頁/共1頁南京市2023屆高三年級學情調研英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Cool.B.Windy.C.Hot.2.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Buyagift.B.Visitafriend.C.Havesomecoffee.3Whydoesthewomanphoneup?A.Toaskforamorningcall.B.Topayfortheroomservice.C.Tosearchforanartmuseum.4.Whenwillthefootballgamestart?AAt6:00.B.At6:30.C.At7:00.5.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisavictim.B.Sheisafastrunner.C.Sheisshortsighted.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanlikebestabouttheoldtrains?A.Theirpower.B.Theirsize.C.Theirsteam.7.Whatkindoftrainsdoesthewomanwanttoseetomorrow?A.Blacktrains.B.Greentrains.C.Redtrains.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inacustomercenter.9.Howmuchisthewomanchargedfortheservice?A.5dollars.B.10dollars.C.55dollars.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Takingonmorestaff.B.Puttingonsomemusic.C.Focusingonfoodquality.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Workmates.C.Coachandtrainee.12.Whyhasthewomangainedweight?A.Shelivesanunhealthylife.B.Shehasnotimetoexercise.C.Shesuffersfromworkpressure.13.Whatwillthemandoaheadoftime?A.Jogtowarmup.B.Buyanexercisebike.C.Reserveatenniscourt.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Gradepoints.B.Timemanagement.C.Universitymajors.15.Whichsubjectisthewomangoodat?A.Economics.B.History.C.Psychology.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhiscollegeteachers?A.Theyarehumorous.B.Theyareverystrict.C.Theyarehard-working.17.Whatcausedtheman’spoorperformance?A.Hangingoutwithhisfriends.B.Wastingtimecheckinghisphone.C.Beingaddictedtocomputergames.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdopeopleusuallydoinateahouse?A.Workonalaptop.B.Associatewithothers.C.PerformBeijingOperas.19.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkoftraditionalteahouses?A.Quiet.B.Crowded.C.Elegant.20.Whatdiscouragesordinarypeoplefromvisitingtoday’steahouses?A.Highcosts.B.Poorservice.C.Old-fashioneddecoration.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AYoudon’thavetobeaGrammy-awardwinnerlikeBeyoncétosing.Actually,it’saskillyoucanlearnandpractice.GiveyourselfpermissiontotryFromthebeginning,setyourexpectationsinareasonableplace.Everybodycandomusic—singingwithkidsorinachorus.Youplaytheguitar,butyouneedn’tbeaperformerwithaband.Allowyourselftotrywithoutworryingaboutsounding“good”atfirst.Singingisaskillthattakespracticeandtimetodevelop.PracticestretchingyourspeakingvoicetoyoursingingvoiceAfewexerciseshelpmakethattransition:Takeaspeakingphraseandstarttostretchit.Makeitapositiveone,like“Myvoiceisstrong!”fortheextrabonusofhearingsomeencouragement.Whilerepeatingthephrase,addsomeexcitementtoyourspeech—that’llhelpyouslideintosingingnaturally.Therearealsomanyvocal(發(fā)聲)exercisesonline.FindyourownsingingstyleTofindwhatsongsandstylessuityoubest,amusictalenthasestablishedasingingmethod(ClickHEREtofindout)focusingoncreatingstrategiesspecifictoyou.Youcancopysoundsbutrememberyou’retryingtofindyourvoice.LetBeyoncébeBeyoncé.Letwhoeverbewhoever.That’stheiridentity.It’simportanttosay,“WhatdoIsoundlike?”ThinkaboutsingingasagatewaytoothersThisprocessisasmuchaboutself-acceptanceasitisaboutbuildingcommunity.Beitinabandorachorus,youandabunchoffriendsjustgettogetherandthere’ssomethingamazingaboutmakingmusic.Itpromisesareallygoodanddeepcommunity.Formorehelp,youcanemailusatmoreinfo@.1.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?A.Dreambigwhenstartingsinging. B.Establishamusicbandwithfriends.C.Copysongsandstylesoffamoussingers. D.Mixvocalexerciseswithself-motivation.2.Accordingtothetext,singingpracticecanhelpyou________.A.liveapositivelife B.landaplaceinchorusC.createmusicstrategies D.strengthenbondswithfriends3.Thetextistargetedatthosewho________.A.lackconfidenceinsinging B.runabandoramusicstudioC.wanttoregisterforamusiccourse D.desiretowinGrammyAwardsB“Canweeatthisone,Dad?”myfour-year-olddaughter,Alicia,asks.We’reononeofourThursdayadventures,searchingthenearbywoodsforeatablemushrooms.She’spointingatabright-redcapcoveredwithwhitedots.Ipulloutmyhandymushroom-identificationapp,whichnotesthatAmanitamuscaria,whileeatableifpreparedproperly,isalsoaknownhallucinogen(致幻劑).Ihaveafirm“tellthemthetruthandbeaspreciseaspossible”philosophyandexplainwhattheappsays,andthatIdon’tthinkourThursdayadventuresarereadytogetquitethatadventurousyet.Watchingyourkidslearnnewskillsisextraordinarilyrewarding,butI’veexperiencedmorepersonalgrowththanIhaveatanyotherpointinmylife.Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombinedandI’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.It’snotalleasy—butsometimesthat’sthepoint.Aliciapracticestheviolineveryday,andalthoughsheenjoysit,even15minutesofpracticecanupsether.Thetrick,I’vefound,istoletherwatchmetrytogetbetteratsomething,too.Istarttakingpianolessonsat41yearsoldwiththeideathatifsheseesmestrugglingasIpracticeandthenimprove,she’llunderstandthatthingsdon’tcomeeasy,evenforgrown-ups.Iknowthere’sgoingtobeatimewhenI’llenduponthesidelinecheeringheronasshefindsherownpassions.I’mokaywiththis,andI’mhopingthatbythenshe’llcarrythejoyofpracticeandknowledgethroughlife.4.Whatdoesthefatherimplybysaying“I’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.”?A.Itisrewardingtolearnnewskills. B.Skiinghasbecomehislifelonghobby.C.Hewillexploremorewithhisdaughter. D.Hisdaughterwillaccompanyhimforever.5.Whydoesthefatherstartlearningtoplaythepiano?A.Toproveitisnevertoooldtolearn. B.Tosetagoodexampleforhisdaughter.C.Toexperiencethejoyofpianopractice. D.Tosharewithhisdaughtermusicalknowledge.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethefather?A.Rigidandhumorous. B.Cautiousandinspiring.C.Creativeandthoughtful. D.Ambitiousandpatient.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheThrilloftheSkill B.PracticeMakesPerfectC.LikeFather,LikeDaughter D.ThePowerofKnowledgeCPlasticfishingnets,theso-calledghostnets,abandonedyearlyinthesea—about1milliontons—aremorethanjustrubbish;they’reakiller.Fish,seabirds,andturtlesgetcaughtinthenettinganddie,withmorespeciesatrisk.Muchshockedatthis,PranveerSinghRathore,amaterials-scienceengineerandmaterialsR&DmanageratSamsung,andhisteamsetthemselvesthetaskofgivingnewlifetothedeadlynets.Lastmonth,SamsungrevealedanewlineofGalaxyproductsmadeinpartfromrecycledplasticfishingnetsforthefirsttime.Thecompanyestimatesthisyearaloneitcanrecycleover50tonsofocean-boundplasticintothekeycomponentsthatwillgointoitssmartphones,tablets,andcomputers,thustakingabiteoutoftheglobalghostnetsproblem.It’snosmalltasktogivewastefishingnetsasecondact.Thenetsaretypicallymadeofasubstancecallednylonwhichtendstodramaticallydegrade(降解)thelongeritsitsintheoceanandisexposedtothesun.“Thismakesitnearlyimpossibletouseabandonedfishingnetsdirectly,”Rathoreexplains.Besides,high-performancesmartphone,tablet,orPChastobewaterproofandcansurvivesevereweather.Thenyloninthefishingnetsfallsfarshortofthatlevelofdurability(耐用).Todealwiththatproblem,Samsunglastsummerteamedupwithtwopartners:onetocollectandtransformthenetsintotinynylonpellets(顆粒)whiletheothertostrengthentheirtoughnessanddurability.Theendresult:Thepartnershituponaneco-friendlyandhigh-performanceplasticmaterialthat’sbeingusedtobuildthecomponentpartsforitslatestlineofproducts.Forexample,twopartsoftheGalaxyS22mobilephone—thekeybracketandtheinnercover—aremadeofthesefishing-netplasticmaterials.Samsungaimstouseevenmoreupcycledmaterialsinfutureproductlines.“That’sthehopefortheglobeandourmission,”Rathoresmiles.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph2referto?A.Rubbishinthesea. B.Recyclingthedeadlynets.C.Oceanspecies’extinction. D.Ghostnets’threattosealife.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thelowlevelofdurabilityofnylon. B.Thesecondactofwastefishingnets.C.Thegreatdifficultyinreusingghostnets. D.ThepositivecommentonSamsung’sproducts.10.WhatisspecialaboutSamsung’snewGalaxyproducts?A.Theyaremadefromtinynylonpellets. B.Theyputanendtotheproblemoffishingnets.C.Theycanstanduptowaterandsevereweather. D.Theycontainmaterialsrecycledfromghostnets.11.WhatcanwelearnaboutRathore’swork?A.Itmakesplasticeasiertobreakdown. B.ItmarkstheshiftofSamsung’smission.C.Itprotectstheplanetfromchokingonplastic. D.Itraisespublicawarenessofoceanexploration.DTofigureoutifwecandieofboredom,wefirsthavetounderstandwhatboredomis.Forhelp,IcalledJamesDanckert,apsychologistwhostudiesboredomattheUniversityofWaterlooinCanada.“Alotofpeoplethinkaboutbeingboredasbeinglazy.Andit’sabsolutelynotthat,”hesays.“Boredpeoplewanttobeengagedwiththeirworld,eagertodosomethingsatisfyingandexciting.Butanyattempttodosoisfailing.”Thatmeansboredomisusuallyveryupsetting.Anditcanhavephysicalconsequences.Inoneofhisexperiments,Danckertmadepeopleextremelyboredbyshowingthemavideooftwopeoplehangingclothestodry.Hefoundthatwhenpeoplegotbored,theirheartsbeatfasterandtheirlevelsofahormonecalledcortisol(皮質醇)wentup,comparedtowhentheywatchedanothervideothatmadethemsad.Thesephysicalchangesweresignsthatboredomwasstressingthemout.“It’snotlikehavingafull-onpanicattack,”Danckertsays.Butit’scertainlyenoughtomakeboredomunpleasant.Let’scomebacktoifboredomcankillyou.Backinthe1980s,scientistsaskedpeoplewhoworkedfortheBritishgovernmentawholebunchofquestions,includinghowboredtheyfeltintheirdailylives.Thestudytrackedtheparticipantsovertime.Whenanyoneofthemdied,thesurveyrecordedthecauseofdeath.In2010,tworesearchersmatchedupthesecausesofdeathwiththeparticipants’levelofboredom.Itturnedoutthatpeoplewhosaidtheyweremoreboredwerealsomorelikelytohavediedofheartdisease.“Weknowthatprolongedexposuretostressisbadforyourhealth,”Danckertsays.Asingleboringdaycan’tkillyou.Butifyou’realwaysbored,thestresscouldaddupintosomethingdangerous.“Ohno,”youmightbethinking.“Schoolisboring,myfriendsareboring,everythingisboring!What’sgoingtohappentome?”Don’tworry,Danckertsays:“Asyougetolder,yougetlessbored,”mainlybecauseyougainmoreindependenceandhavetogetbusytoachieveyourlong-termgoals.Andtrustme:that’sanythingbutboring.12.AccordingtoJamesDanckert,peoplefeelboredbecause________.A.theyaretoolazytodoanything B.theycan’tgainexcitementinlifeC.theyaretoofrightenedtohaveatry D.theycan’tfullyunderstandboredom13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Doinghouseworkwillmakepeoplebored. B.People’sheartrateincreaseswithboredom.C.Physicalchangescanleadtoextremeboredom. D.Watchingsomethingsadisaboringexperience.14Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prolonged”inparagraph3mean?A.Continued. B.Repeated. C.Sudden. D.Active.15.WhatdoesDanckertrecommendtosavepeoplefromboredom?A.Dependingonfriends. B.Settinglong-termgoals.C.Keepingyourselfoccupied. D.Trustingpeoplearoundyou.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ReneCampbellhasdevotedmostofherlifetoshapingherfigureintoonecompletelyagainstwhatsocietythinksawomanshouldlooklike.“Iwasalwaysveryinsecureaboutmybodyimage,aseveryoneseemedtoknowforsurethatwomenneededtolookacertainway,”shesayswhenreflectingonhermotivationtotransformherself.____16____Forquitesometime,shestruggledwitheatingdisordersbecauseshewastryingtokeepherweightreallylowandappearskinny,likethewomenonmagazinecovers.____17____Itwasthenthatshebecameattractedbythewaytheseseeminglyconfidentwomenheldthemselves.Howeverbuildingherdreambody—gainingover85pounds,goingfromasize8to14—hashaditschallenges,too.“____18____WhenItellthemthatIamafemalebodybuilder,thefirstreactionis,‘Musclesforwomenarejustnotattractive,’”Campbellsays.Thoughshelovesthewayshenowlooks,sheissometimestreatedwithcruelty.____19____Eventhoughthereisahugemarketencouragingwomentobuildmusclesandtightentheirfigures,theidealstillstandsforsmallerwaists,andthinlegs,theso-calledperfectfigure.Forwomentobuildupstrongmuscles,ittakesastrongheart.“Igraduallylearntoignoreothers’voicesandbecomecommittedtothetraining.Itisaverybigshiftforme,andithaswonmeplentyofawards.____20____MybodybuildingjourneymakesmerealizethatIneedtodothingsformyself.”Campbellsays.A.Shewasconstantlyfeelingunderpressure.B.Womenhavetopayahugepricetobuildaslimfigure.C.Itdoesbringasenseofconfidenceandmentalstrength.D.Thebodyofsuper-muscularwomenisconsideredunwelcome.E.Luckily,Campbellwaschosentoshootforoneofthemagazines.F.Peopledon’tunderstandwhywomenwouldwanttobemuscular.G.Purelybychance,Campbellattendedawomen’sbodybuildingshow.第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IwascleaningoutacupboardtheotherdaywhenImadeanamazingdiscovery.InsideI____21____themanuscript(手稿)foranovel.Itincludedanoutlineofthe____22____andapileoftypedpagestellingastory.Itwaswritten,tomy____23____,bymyfatherwhohasbeendeadformorethan50years.Itisn’t____24____,asnovelsgo,perhapsfiftyorsixtytypedpages,butwithoutmy____25____ithassomehowaccompaniedmethroughmyyearsof____26____,severaljobs,amarriage,thebirthofmychildrenandgrandchildren,retirementandevenarelocationacrossthecountrywhereIlive.Yetthereitwas,restingunderalotofpapertoberecycled.Imighthave____27____myfather’slegacy(遺產).Iwastruly____28____bymydiscovery.I’minthemiddleofreadinganotherbook____29____mydad’snovelhasaplaceonmybed-sidetable.Iwanttohavesome_____30_____timeforitsoIhaven’t_____31_____examinedityet.I’mgoingtospendawholeafternoontogiveitthe_____32_____itdeserves.AsyetIdon’tknowwhatthestorylineisaboutandIdon’tevenknowifitiscompletebutI_____33_____ahighlyemotionalprocessoffindingout.Ifinditfascinatingtothinkthatthiscouldhappen;thataftermorethanfiftyyearsmyfathercould_____34_____hisonlysonthroughthemistsoftime.It’soneofthosethingsthatwedon’tseecomingandthatmakelifeso_____35_____.21.A.locked B.found C.placed D.hid22.A.notes B.reviews C.chapters D.references23.A.regret B.relief C.satisfaction D.amazement24.A.long B.fun C.popular D.romantic25.A.support B.knowledge C.approval D.reach26.A.life B.writing C.reflection D.education27.A.clearedaway B.passeddown C.countedon D.handedout28.A.bothered B.caught C.shaken D.disturbed29.A.or B.so C.but D.for30.A.easy B.quick C.rough D.clear31.A.briefly B.closely C.happily D.calmly32.A.honor B.comment C.reward D.attention33.A.design B.anticipate C.evaluate D.record34.A.touch B.raise C.help D.protect35.A.peaceful B.successful C.interesting D.smooth第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。ItwasDragonboatDay.Shinywhitetentslinedthewaterfront,____36____(provide)shadeandrefreshmentsforDragonBoatpaddlers(槳手)fromalloverCalifornia,____37____gatheredaroundtheCastaicLakeforafestivecompetition.Gigglingkidsracedcheerfullyalongthelakesidebeach,____38____theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore.“It’sagreatdayout,”saidPaulLin,co-founderforCastaic’sownDragonEyesteam.DragonboatracinghasbeengoingonforthousandsofyearsinChina,____39____(initial)inhonoroftheChinesewaterdragondeity(神)inanefforttocalldownrain____40____avoidmisfortuneanddisaster.Intherace,adrummer____41____(use)alargetraditionalwoodendrumtokeepthepaddlersonbeat,whileasteersmaninthebackkeepsthemintheirlane.Linsaidafriendgothim____42____(involve)indragonboatracingoveradecadeago.In2018,they____43____(decide)tohosttheirownfestival.“There’ssomethingreallyspecialtobelearnedfromourdragonboatmotto:‘OneBoat,OneBeat,’”hesaid.“Paddlerscomefromallwalksoflifeandthatkindof____44____(close)withpeopleisnowhereelsetobeseen.”“Wereallywanttohelpexpandawarenessandgrowthesport,”Linsaid.“We’rehopingonedayit’llbecome_____45_____Olympicsport.”第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，外教Mark邀請你本周日陪他去夫子廟游玩，但你因故不能前往。請你寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：1.感謝邀請;2.說明原因;3.另約時間。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右;2.請按如下格式在相應位置作答。DearMark________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Myteenageson,Jordan,alwayscomplainedabouthavingtobehomeearlierthanallhisfriends.Hewouldtellmethathewasalreadyseventeen,butstillhadacurfew(宵禁).Hebelievedhewaspracticallyanadult.Ipointedoutthathewasnotanadultashewasstillinhighschool.“Youdon’ttrustme!”heyelled.BeforeIcontinued,herolledhiseyes,slammedthedoorandwalkedaway.Isighed.HowcouldImakeJordanseethatIonlywantedtokeephimsafe?Idecidedtogoforawalk,hopingtheDecemberairwouldclearmyhead.Iopenedthefrontdoorandnearlysteppedonher:asmallblackcat,justlikeameatball.“Hi,Meatball,”Isaid,bringingherintomyarms.Iwalkedbackin,touchingherneckgently.Meatballseemedhappyenoughtocomeinthehouse,butafteranhourortwo,shesatbyth