牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè) （Intemational charities）Grammar 習(xí)題課件

GrammarUnit7Internationalcharities

課前自主預(yù)習(xí)單詞闖關(guān)1.創(chuàng)建，建立vt.&vi.________2.舉行vt.________

sethold短語(yǔ)互譯1.分發(fā)；提出____________2．?dāng)?shù)百萬(wàn)的____________3．籌錢(qián)____________4.withitshelp____________5．setup____________handoutmillionsofraisemoney在它的幫助下建起，設(shè)立句型在線1.在飛機(jī)上，手術(shù)由志愿者醫(yī)生們來(lái)做。Ontheplane,operations__________byvolunteerdoctors.2．許多盲人得到了ORBIS醫(yī)生們的救助。Manyblindpeople________________ORBISdoctors.3.樂(lè)施會(huì)的錢(qián)被用來(lái)幫助窮人。Themoney___________Oxfam_______poorpeople.aredonewerehelpedbyisusedbytohelp語(yǔ)法聚焦1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2．主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法3．特殊句型的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課堂互動(dòng)探究詞匯點(diǎn)睛

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handout分發(fā)；提出[觀察]Leafletsarehandedouttopeopleinthestreetbyvolunteers.傳單由志愿者們?cè)诮值郎戏职l(fā)。[探究]handout意為“分發(fā)；提出”，為“動(dòng)詞＋_______”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，_______作其賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能放在hand與out之間。其同義短語(yǔ)為giveout。副詞代詞[拓展]與hand相關(guān)的其他常用短語(yǔ)：handin上交；givesbahand幫助某人；byhand手工；ontheonehand…ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面活學(xué)活用

1．(1)這是我們的試卷。請(qǐng)把它們分發(fā)出去。Hereareourexampapers.Please______________________．(2)2018·連云港Jim,checkyourhomeworkbeforeyou__________(上交它)．handthemout/givethemouthanditin[觀察]

Ourschoolwillholdthesportsmeetingnextweek.我們學(xué)校下周將舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。2

holdvt.舉行[探究]

hold為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“舉行”，其過(guò)去式為held,過(guò)去分詞為held。常見(jiàn)搭配：holdameeting/party舉行會(huì)議/聚會(huì)。[拓展]hold作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還可表示“握住，抓??；容納”。Theclassroomcanholdover100students.這間教室能容納100多名學(xué)生。Heisholdinghisfather'shand.他正握著他爸爸的手。2.2018·上海WewillholdaclassmeetingtotalkaboutteamworknextFriday.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Aclassmeetingwill________totalkaboutteamworknextFriday.beheld[觀察]

OxfamwassetupintheUKin1942…樂(lè)施會(huì)于1942年在英國(guó)成立……3

setup建起，設(shè)立[探究]

setup意為“建起，設(shè)立”，可指具體或抽象事物的“建造”或“建立”。[拓展]與set相關(guān)的其他常用短語(yǔ)：setoff出發(fā)；setout動(dòng)身；setfree釋放3.

—Whatdoyouwanttodointhefuture,Jack?—Iwantto_____aHopeSchooltohelpstudentswhoareunabletogotoschool.A．setoutB．setoffC．setupD．setintoC1．Butmoremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.但是需要更多的錢(qián)來(lái)繼續(xù)我們的工作。2．Theplaneisusedasatrainingcentre.這架飛機(jī)被用作培訓(xùn)中心。語(yǔ)法聚焦教材典句3．Hiseyeproblemwascuredtwomonthsago.他的眼疾兩個(gè)月前被治愈。4．ManyblindpeoplewerehelpedbyORBISdoctors.許多盲人得到了ORBIS醫(yī)生們的救助。1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：_________和_________。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的________。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)承受者語(yǔ)法探究被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“______＋__________________”構(gòu)成。其中，be動(dòng)詞有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與作為系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。不及物動(dòng)詞由于沒(méi)有動(dòng)作的承受者，故無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式?，F(xiàn)將一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)列表如下(以hurt為例)：be及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞時(shí)態(tài)句式主語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)肯定式Iamhurt.You/We/TheyareHe/She/Itis否定式Iamnothurt.You/We/TheyarenotHe/She/Itisnot時(shí)態(tài)句式主語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定式I/He/She/Itwashurt.You/We/Theywere否定式I/He/She/Itwasnothurt.You/We/Theywerenot一般在以下幾種情況下，需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(1)當(dāng)動(dòng)作的________顯而易見(jiàn)時(shí)。如：Wordprocessingskillsaretaughtinourcomputerlessons.我們的微機(jī)課上教授文字處理技術(shù)。(2)不知道或不想知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，只知道動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。如：Whenwegotthere,theroomhadbeencleanedalready.當(dāng)我們到那兒時(shí)，房間已經(jīng)被打掃干凈了。執(zhí)行者(3)當(dāng)認(rèn)為動(dòng)作比動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者更重要時(shí)。如：EducationalCDsaresoldinmanycountries.許多國(guó)家銷售教育光盤(pán)。(4)沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)出或出于禮貌不便說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。如：Iwastoldthatyouwerenothonestenough.我被告知你不夠誠(chéng)實(shí)。

(5)有必要突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常由_____引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：ThewindowwascleanedbyPeter.窗戶被彼得擦干凈了。by1．(1)2018·河北Lookatthepicture.ThetopfiveTVplays_____init.A．listB．a(chǎn)relistedC．willlistD．willbelistedB(2)2018·重慶B—Who'sthelittlegirlinthephoto,Laura?—It'sme.Thisphoto____whenIwasfive.A．istakenB．takesC．wastakenD．tookC(3)Idon'tthinkhestolethepainting.Whenhe________(ask)whathewasdoingat7yesterdayevening,hewasverycalm.(4)2017·常州Allthechildren____________(bring)backtotheirparentsyesterdayafterthepolicefoundthem.wasaskedwerebrought(5)2018·南京—Simon,doyouknowwhoinventedthekite?—Sure!It________byMoziover2，000yearsago.A．isinventedB．inventedC．wasinventedD．willbeinventedC2主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法(1)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的_____變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的______，人稱代詞賓格要變?yōu)開(kāi)_____。(2)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“____________________”。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的_____決定be動(dòng)詞的數(shù)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的_____決定被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)。如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallthepeople.賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)主格be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)2．將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(1)Hewaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowers__________byhimeveryday.(2)2018·黔南Hismothermadeabigcakeforhisbirthday.Abigcake__________byhismotherforhisbirthday.arewateredwasmade3特殊句型的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(1)含有使役動(dòng)詞(make,let,have等)或感官動(dòng)詞(hear,see,listento,watch等)的句子，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，這些詞后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，但是在變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要補(bǔ)出to。另外，help一詞在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，to可以省略，也可以保留，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，to一定要加上。如：Mymotheroftenmakesmedohousework.→Iamoftenmadetodohouseworkbymymother.Weheardsomeoneopenthedoor.→Someonewasheardtoopenthedoorbyus.(2)含可接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(teach,give,pass,show等)的句子在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)可以任選一個(gè)作主語(yǔ)，如果直接賓語(yǔ)被提前，間接賓語(yǔ)前要加相應(yīng)的介詞to/for。如：Shegavemeapen.＝Shegaveapentome.→Iwasgivenapenbyher.→Apenwasgiventomebyher.Mydaughterpassedmeapicture.＝Mydaughterpassedapicturetome.→Iwaspassedapicturebymydaughter.→Apicturewaspassedtomebymydaughter.(3)“不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)＋介詞/副詞＋賓語(yǔ)”的句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，介詞或副詞不能去掉。如：Weshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitelybyus.(4)含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的位置不變。如：WecallhimXiaoLi.→HeiscalledXiaoLibyus.3.(1)2016·安順Thoughheoftenmadehislittlesister________，todayhewasmade________byhislittlesister.A．cry;tocryB．crying;cryingC．cry;cryD．tocry;cryA(2)Lucydoesn'thavetobemade_____.Shealwaysworkshard.A．studyB．studiedC．tostudyD．studying(3)Theyoungmanwasoftenseen________(draw)bythelake.CtodrawIntegratedskills&StudyskillsUnit7Internationalcharities

課前自主預(yù)習(xí)單詞闖關(guān)1.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)n．_____2.蒼白的adj._____3.事情，問(wèn)題n.______4.檢查n.______

warpalematter

check短語(yǔ)互譯1.提供某物給某人___________________________2．阻止某人做某事____________________3．檢查一下____________4．服藥____________providesthforsb/providesbwithsthpreventsbfromdoingsthhaveachecktakemedicine短語(yǔ)互譯5.根本不____________6.沒(méi)什么嚴(yán)重的____________7.不停地問(wèn)我自已________________8.發(fā)出許多噪聲_______________not…atallnothingseriouskeepaskingmyselfmakealotofnoise句型在線1.它(聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì))幫助政府、社區(qū)和家庭，讓世界成為一個(gè)對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)更美好的地方。Ithelpsgovernments,communitiesandfamilies_______________________forchildren.2．我不停地問(wèn)我自己。I___________myself.maketheworldabetterplacekeptasking課堂互動(dòng)探究詞匯點(diǎn)睛

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paleadj.蒼白的[觀察]Youlookpale.你看起來(lái)臉色蒼白。Ifeltmyselfturnpalewithfear.我覺(jué)得自己嚇得臉都白了。[探究]lookpale意為“看起來(lái)臉色蒼白的”。[拓展]pale還有“(顏色)淡的”的意思?；顚W(xué)活用

1.

(1)由于生病，他看起來(lái)臉色蒼白。He________becauseofillness.(2)他戴著一條淺藍(lán)色的領(lǐng)帶。Heworea________tie.lookspalepaleblue[觀察]

What'sthematter？怎么了？2

mattern.事情，問(wèn)題[探究]

“What‘sthematter？”常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)病情或某人遇到了什么麻煩、問(wèn)題，通常與介詞______連用，相當(dāng)于“What’swrongwith…？”“What‘sthematterwith…？”的常見(jiàn)答語(yǔ)多是表示身體狀況或所處困境的短語(yǔ)或句子等。with2.—Aliceisnotatschool.____？—Shehasabadcough.A．Who'sthatB．What'sthematterC．HowoldissheD．HowmuchisitB[觀察]

Openyourmouthandletmehaveacheck.張開(kāi)嘴，讓我檢查一下。3

checkn.檢查[探究]

haveacheck意為“檢查一下”。[拓展]

check還可用作______，意為“檢查，核對(duì)”，后可直接跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)。[搭配]

checkover仔細(xì)檢查；checkin登記，報(bào)到；checkon核實(shí)，檢查動(dòng)詞3.你最好檢查一下，看看所有的東西是不是都準(zhǔn)備好了。You'dbetter________________ifeverythingisready.haveachecktosee句型透視Ithelpsgovernments,communitiesandfamiliesmaketheworldabetterplaceforchildren.它(聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì))幫助政府、社區(qū)和家庭，讓世界成為一個(gè)對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)更美好的地方。[探究]

“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋名詞”意為“使……成為……”，其中的名詞作________語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足[拓展]

make的其他用法：(1)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋形容詞/形容詞的比較級(jí)Thenewsmadehimveryhappy.這則消息使他非常高興。(2)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式Mymotheroftenmakesmecleantheroom.我媽媽經(jīng)常讓我打掃房間。(3)make＋賓語(yǔ)＋介詞短語(yǔ)/動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Theteacherraisedhisvoicetomakehimself