英語名師講練大一輪復(fù)習(xí)外研版通用核心素養(yǎng)測評三十五選修6Module5Cloning

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請按住Ctrl,滑動鼠標滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。核心素養(yǎng)測評三十五選修6Module5Cloning(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AInthe1950s,CentralAmericanmercialbananagrowerswerefacingthedeathoftheirmosteconomicalproduct,theGrosMichelbanana.Nowit’shappeningagaintoitssuccessor—theCavendish.Withitseasilytransported,thickskinnedandsweettastingfruit,theGrosMichelbananaplantdominatedtheplantationsofCentralAmerica.UnitedFruit,themaingrowerandexporterinSouthAmericaatthetime,massproduceditsbananasinthemostefficientwaypossible:itclonedshootsfromthestemsofplantsinsteadofgrowingplantsfromseeds,andcultivatedthemindenselypackedfields.Unfortunately,theseconditionsarealsoperfectforthespreadofthefungus(真菌),whichattackstheplant’srootsandpreventsitfromtransportingwatertothestemandleaves.TheTR1strainofthefunguswasresistanttocropspraysandtravelledaroundonbootsorthetyresoftrucks,slowlyinfectingplantationsacrosstheregion.Inanattempttoescapethefungus,farmersabandonedinfectedfields,floodedthemandthenreplantedcropssomewhereelse,oftencuttingdownrainforesttodoso.Theireffortsfailed.Sotheysearchedforavarietyofbananasthatthefungusdidn’taffect.TheyfoundtheCavendish,whichwasn’taswellsuitedtoshippingastheGrosMichel,butitsbananastastedgoodenoughtokeepconsumershappy.Mostimportantly,TR1didn’tseemtoaffectit.Inafewyears,UnitedFruithadsaveditselffrombankruptcybyfillingitsplantationswiththousandsofthenewplants.However,theCavendishbananaitselfisfarfromsafe.In2015,theexportsofCavendishbananashaddroppedby46percentthankstoabinationofanotherstrainofthefungus,TR4,andbadweather.Racingagainsttheinevitable,scientistsareworkingonsolvingtheproblembygeneticallymodifyingtheCavendishwithgenesfromTR4resistantbananaspecies.Researchershavesuccessfullygrowntwokindsofmodifiedplantswhichhaveremainedresistantforthreeyearssofar.ButsomeexpertsthinkthisisjustaplicatedversionofthesametemporarysolutiontheoriginalCavendishprovided.Ifthenewbananasareplantedinthesamemonoculture(單種栽培)astheCavendishandtheGrosMichel,theriskisthatanotherstrainofthediseasemayriseuptothreatenthemodifiedplantstoo.【文章大意】本文主要講了香蕉種植者不斷提高香蕉抵御病毒的能力,然后作者提到了轉(zhuǎn)基因香蕉。1.Massproducedbananasare.

A.grownfromseedsbecauseit’sefficientB.clonedbecauseit’sfastandcheaptogrowthemC.sweeterthanotherbananasD.exportedtoCentralAmerica【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的UnitedFruit,themaingrowerandexporterinSouthAmericaatthetime...itclonedshootsfromthestemsofplantsinsteadofgrowingplantsfromseeds,andcultivatedthemindenselypackedfields.可知該大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的香蕉是農(nóng)民克隆而成的。所以選B。2.ThespreadoftheTR1strainwas.

A.causedbylackofwaterB.spedupbythefloodingofbananafieldsC.sloweddownbycropsprayingD.helpedbythemovementofpeopleandvehicles【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的...andtravelledaroundonbootsorthetyresoftrucks,slowlyinfectingplantationsacrosstheregion.可知這種病毒可以通過待在卡車的行李箱或輪胎上進行傳播。所以選D。3.Geneticallymodifiedbananasmay.

A.meanfarmerscangrowtheGrosMichelagainB.causefarmerstorepeatthemistakesofthepastC.encouragefarmerstotrynewgrowingmethodsD.onlybeashorttermsolution【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的...isjustaplicatedversionofthesametemporarysolutiontheoriginalCavendishprovided.可知,這僅僅是一個臨時的解決方案。4.Howwouldyoudescribethewriter’sopinionaboutthefutureoftheCavendish?A.Optimistic. B.Pessimistic.C.Cautious. D.Uninterested.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Ifthenewbananasareplantedinthesamemonoculture...theriskisthatanotherstrainofthediseasemayriseuptothreatenthemodifiedplantstoo.可知,作者對theCavendish的未來還是有點擔憂,希望能謹慎行事。故作者對香蕉轉(zhuǎn)基因的態(tài)度是小心謹慎的,所以選C?！局R拓展】長難句分析UnitedFruit,themaingrowerandexporterinSouthAmericaatthetime,massproduceditsbananasinthemostefficientwaypossible:itclonedshootsfromthestemsofplantsinsteadofgrowingplantsfromseeds,andcultivatedthemindenselypackedfields.分析:句子主語是UnitedFruit。themaingrowerandexporterinSouthAmericaatthetime是UnitedFruit的同位語。謂語是massproduced。賓語是itsbananas。inthemostefficientwaypossible作狀語。冒號后面對way作了具體的解釋說明。翻譯:UnitedFruit,那時南美主要的種植者和出口者,以最有效的方法大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)香蕉:它從植物的莖上克隆幼苗,而不是用種子育苗,然后在密集的田地里種植它們。BAresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomedegreeourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoamountofeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomedegreesomethingwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligent.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbepletelydifferent.If,ontheotherhand,wetaketwoidenticaltwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.【文章大意】本文主要講述的是遺傳和環(huán)境都對智力起著重要的作用。5.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthataman’sintelligenceisgiventohim.

A.atbirthB.througheducationC.bothatbirthandthrougheducationD.throughenvironmentofhisfamily【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Thusthelimitsofperson’sintelligence...willdependonhisenvironment.”可知,一個人的智力在出生時就固定了,但能否達到極限,要視后天的環(huán)境而定。以及第二段的描述Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomedegreesomethingwearebornwith.可知作者贊同的觀點是,人的智力受到出生和教育的影響。故選C。6.Ifachildisbornwithhighintelligence,hecan.

A.surelybeeageniusB.stillbeeageniusifheisn’tgivengoodeducationC.reachhisintelligencelimitsthroughhisowneffortsD.probablyreachhisintelligencelimitsinrichandvariedsurroundings【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“Thusthelimitsofperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.”可知,一個人的智力在出生時就固定了,但能否達到極限,要視后天的環(huán)境而定。以及上句achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.生活在無聊環(huán)境中的孩子沒有生活在富足多變環(huán)境中的孩子智力發(fā)展得快?？芍粋€出生時高智商的孩子,可能在富有的環(huán)境中達到他的智力極限。故選D。7.Theexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshows.

A.theimportanceoftheirintelligenceB.theroleofenvironmentonintelligenceC.theimportanceoftheirpositionsD.thepartthatbirthplays【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.我們很快能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們智力發(fā)展的區(qū)別,這就暗示了環(huán)境和出生一樣對智力有影響。故選B。8.Thebesttitleofthepassagecanbe.

A.OnIntelligenceB.OnGeniusC.DependenceonEnvironmentD.EffectofEducationonIntelligence【解析】選A。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章主要講述的是遺傳和環(huán)境都對智力起著重要的作用。故標題用OnIntelligence合適,故選A?！局R拓展】佳詞積累1.intelligence n.智力2.strangelyenough 奇怪的是3.tosomedegree 在某種程度上4.genius 天才5.atrandom 隨機,任意Ⅱ.完形填空導(dǎo)學(xué)號Therewasalmostnoreasonformetosingonmy51stbirthday.Beingrecent“emptynesters”,myhusbandandIweredoingourbestto1tothetooquiethouse.ThiswasadaywhenI2alltogathertogether.Theplan,formy3day,wastomeetourdaughters,JaimeandKatieatafancy4.

Ouryoungest,Katiecalledtosayshemightnotbeableto5thecelebrationdinner.Shehadheavy6earlierthatdayand,withthelongrideahead,shethoughtit7tostayatherownhouseandhaveagoodsleep.

Afterall,thiswasmybaby.Howcouldshemovesofarawayfrommeinthefirstplace?ButtherealityIhadto8wasthatshedidn’tfeeltheneedto9meeveryday.Itmademe10myabilitiesasamother.IfelttearsfallingasI11whatshehadjustsaidtome.Maybeshefeltthe12inmyvoicebecause,onsecond13,shechangedhermind.“But”,shewarned,“Ididn’thavetimeto14youagift.”

WearrivedwithKatiealreadywaitingforusto15.Afterdinnerinit,Katiehandedmeashoppingbag.AsIopenedit,the16warmthfilledmyheartagain:amommysittinginarockingchair,holdinga17inherarms.Theallexplanationsread:18neverleavesamother’sarms.

Igotthemessageloudand19,mydaughterstilllovesmethoughshelivesfarawayfromme,and20muchlessthanI’dlike.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者51歲生日的時候,打給女兒,希望她們回來團聚,但小女兒凱蒂推脫再三后答應(yīng)了作者的邀請。飯后,女兒送給作者一份禮物,因此作者感受到了女兒也是深深愛自己的。1.A.submit B.adjust C.react D.contribute【解析】選B。根據(jù)前文“Beingrecent‘emptynesters’”的描述可知作者最近成為空巢老人,所以需要調(diào)整以適應(yīng)太過于安靜的家。submitto提交,順從;adjustto調(diào)整以適應(yīng);reactto對……作出反應(yīng);contributeto有助于,導(dǎo)致。2.A.attracted B.assistedC.expected D.attached【解析】選C。此處意為這是我期望全家人在一起的一天。attract吸引;assist幫助;expect期望;attach系,捆,依戀。3.A.special B.painful C.exact D.cautious【解析】選A。根據(jù)前文可知,今天是作者的生日,作者希望全家人能夠在一起,所以對作者來說今天是特殊的日子。special特別的;painful痛苦的;exact確切的;cautious謹慎的。4.A.market B.shopC.hotel D.restaurant【解析】選D。根據(jù)前文修飾詞“fancy”及后文“...thecelebrationdinner”的提示,并結(jié)合文化常識可知,此處杰米和凱蒂在一家高級餐廳。market市場;shop商店;hotel旅館;restaurant餐館。

5.A.miss B.hold C.prepare D.attend【解析】選D。句意:我們最小的女兒凱蒂打來說她可能不能參加慶生宴了。miss思念,錯過;hold抓住;prepare準備;attend參加,照顧。6.A.weight B.traffic C.work D.rain【解析】選C。根據(jù)后文“withthelongrideahead,shethoughtitto...”可知,那天早些時候工作繁重,而且回家還需要很長的路。weight重量;traffic交通;work工作;rain雨。

7.A.simpler B.better C.wore D.easier【解析】選B。根據(jù)前文“Shehadheavyearlierthatdayand,withthelongrideahead...”的描述可知,此處她認為最好還是回自己家休息吧。simpler更簡單的;better更好的;worse更糟的;easier更容易的。

8.A.deny B.stress C.face D.burden【解析】選C。句意:但我不得不面對的現(xiàn)實是,她覺得沒有必要每天給我打。deny否認;stress強調(diào);face面對;burden負擔。9.A.understand B.teachC.visit D.phone【解析】選D。根據(jù)前文“Ouryoungest,Katiecalledtosayshemightnotbeabletothecelebrationdinner”可知,此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),我不得不面對的現(xiàn)實是她覺得沒有必要每天給我打。understand理解;teach教;visit參觀,拜訪;phone打。

10.A.possess B.doubtC.acknowledge D.improve【解析】選B。根據(jù)前文“ButtherealityIhadtowasthatshedidn’tfeeltheneedtomeeveryday”的描述可知,此處使我懷疑自己作為母親的能力。possess擁有;doubt懷疑;acknowledge承認;improve提高。

11.A.analyzed B.tastedC.repeated D.memorized【解析】選C。根據(jù)后文的描述可知,此處當我重復(fù)她剛才對我說的話時,我感到眼淚奪眶而出。analyze分析;taste品嘗;repeat重復(fù);memorize記住。12.A.embarrassment B.confusionC.disappointment D.excitement【解析】選C。根據(jù)后文“onsecond,shechangedhermind”的描述可知,女兒在思考之后改變自己的想法是因為母親對自己的話感到失望。embarrassment尷尬;confusion困惑;disappointment失望;excitement興奮。

13.A.thought B.assessmentC.grade D.sigh【解析】選A。根據(jù)后文“shechangedhermind”的描述可知,此處thought與mind對應(yīng),即再次思考后。thought思考,想法;assessment評價;grade分數(shù),成績,年級;sigh嘆氣。14.A.award B.spare C.buy D.show【解析】選C。根據(jù)后文“Afterdinnerinit,Katiehandedmeashoppingbag.AsIopenedit...”的提示可知,此處女兒說沒時間為我購買禮物。award頒獎;spare勻出,抽出;buy買;show展示。15.A.stayon B.showupC.setoff D.turnaway【解析】選B。句意:我們到達餐廳時,凱蒂已經(jīng)在等我們出現(xiàn)了。stayon繼續(xù)留下;showup出現(xiàn);setoff出發(fā),引爆;turnaway轉(zhuǎn)身離開。16.A.perfect B.contradictoryC.dynamic D.previous【解析】選D。根據(jù)后文“amommysittinginarockingchair,holdingainherarms”的描述可知,以前的溫暖時光再次充盈著作者的心。perfect完美的;contradictory沖突的;dynamic充滿活力的;previous以前的。

17.A.pet B.baby C.toy D.book【解析】選B。根據(jù)前文“Afterall,thiswasmybaby”的提示可知,一個媽媽坐在搖椅里,懷里抱著一個嬰兒。18.A.love B.mercyC.fort D.pity【解析】選A。家永遠是心之所在,無論我們的孩子去哪里,愛永遠不會離開母親的懷抱。love愛;mercy憐憫,仁慈;fort舒適;pity遺憾。19.A.absolute B.entireC.quick D.clear【解析】選D。根據(jù)前文“Igotthemessageloud”中“l(fā)oud”的提示可知,此處用clear“清楚的”前后相對應(yīng),且loudandclear屬于習(xí)慣用語,意為“一清二楚”。20.A.calls B.pensatesC.emails D.cares【解析】選A。根據(jù)前文“ButtherealityIhadtowasthatshedidn’tfeeltheneedtomeeveryday”的提示可知,打的次數(shù)比我想的要少。call打;pensate補償,彌補;email發(fā)電子郵件;care關(guān)心,在乎。

【知識拓展】佳詞積累1.doone’sbest 盡力2.fancy adj.奇特的,美好的3.celebration n.慶祝4.afterall 畢竟5.warmth n.溫暖Ⅲ.語法填空OneofthegreatestconcertsIeverattendednevertookplaceatall.Notquite,anyway.Instead,aviolentthunderstorm,1.cameprettymuchoutofnowhereonasummernight,lefttheSaratogaPerformingArtsCenterwithoutelectricalpower.The2.(expect)stormhitjustminutesbeforethePhiladelphiaOrchestra(交響樂團)wasabouttotakethestagealongwithaguestsoloist,the3.(vio