高中英語人教版一輪學(xué)案選擇性Unit1PeopleofAchievement

選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit1PeopleofAchievement主題語境：人與自我(做人與做事)【話題詞匯】n.物理學(xué)家n.天文學(xué)家n.技術(shù)專家n.生物學(xué)家n.動(dòng)物學(xué)家n.植物學(xué)家n.證明；證(明)書n.資格；學(xué)歷n.責(zé)任；負(fù)責(zé)vt.承擔(dān)；從事；負(fù)責(zé)n.建立n.靈感adj.潛在的adj.創(chuàng)造性的adj.意志堅(jiān)定的adj.可信賴的【話題短語】greatcontributionsto對(duì)……做出突出貢獻(xiàn)involvedin參與……oneselfto致力于overvarietiesofdifficulties克服各種各樣的困難aleadingrolein起著重要的作用one'sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想maderapidprogressin在某方面取得很大的進(jìn)步research科學(xué)研究thechallenge面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)outanewscientificidea開創(chuàng)科學(xué)新觀點(diǎn)【話題佳句】1.Thereisnodoubtthatwebenefitalotfromthescientificadvancementsinmanydifferentways.毫無疑問，我們?cè)谠S多不同的方面受益于科學(xué)的進(jìn)步。thedifficultiesscientisthopefuturediscoverywillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebeganbutalsohelpussomewhileinthefuture.盡管困難重重，科學(xué)家們希望未來的發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅能使我們了解宇宙的起源，還能幫助我們?cè)谖磥砀玫厣?。technologyplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife,suchasmunicationandtransportationtechnology.科學(xué)技術(shù)在我們的日常生活中發(fā)揮著重要作用，如通信和運(yùn)輸技術(shù)?！驹掝}練習(xí)】technologyhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementthatbenefitusall.科學(xué)技術(shù)已經(jīng)促進(jìn)了造福于我們所有人的技術(shù)改進(jìn)。conclusionscienceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore,itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople'sshorttermandlongtermproblems.總之，科學(xué)提供了許多不同的益處，因此，他應(yīng)該繼續(xù)為人類面臨的短期和長(zhǎng)期的問題提供新的，更好的解決方法。wasoneofthebestprofessorsI'veeverhad,andhereallycaredabouthisstudentsandtheirwork.他是我遇到過的最好的教授之一，他對(duì)他的學(xué)生們和他們的學(xué)習(xí)非常關(guān)心。Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．________________adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的2．________________n.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；?？圃盒?．________________vt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行4．________________n．(pl.geniuses)天才；天資；天賦5．________________n.失?。淮鞌t.擊??；戰(zhàn)勝6．________________n.液體adj.液體的；液態(tài)的7．________________adj.溫柔的；文靜的8．________________vt.分析9．________________vi.流動(dòng)；流n.流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)10．________________vt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在11．________________vt.推斷；推定12．________________vt.偶然碰到；遇到n.邂逅；遭遇13．________________adj.至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的14．________________n.草稿；草案vt.起草；草擬15．________________adj.植物學(xué)的16．________________n.物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)Ⅱ.拓展單詞1．________vt.承諾；保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→________adj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的→mitmentn．承諾；交托；信奉2．________adj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的→distinctionn．差別；區(qū)分；卓著3．________vt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝→________n．承認(rèn)4．________vt.推斷出；得出結(jié)論；使結(jié)束；vi.結(jié)束；終止→________n．結(jié)論；推論；結(jié)束5．a(chǎn)pparentadj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的→________adv.顯而易見；看來；顯然6．sciencen．科學(xué)→scientistn．科學(xué)家→________adj.科學(xué)(上)的；關(guān)于科學(xué)的7．consequencen.結(jié)果→__________adj.隨之發(fā)生的→__________adv.因此8．objectn.物體；對(duì)象；客體→________n．目標(biāo)；目的adj.客觀的9．evaluatevt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)→________n.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)10．passionn.酷愛，熱情→________adj.熱愛的，酷愛的聯(lián)想拓展-ment表名詞，“行為或結(jié)果”①movementn.運(yùn)動(dòng)②agreementn.協(xié)議③managementn.管理④establishmentn.建立，設(shè)立⑤improvementn.改善⑥argumentn.爭(zhēng)論表示“成就”的動(dòng)詞薈萃①improvev.改進(jìn)，改善②promotev.促進(jìn)，推動(dòng)③inspirev.鼓舞④contributev.有助于⑤achievev.取得⑥gainv.獲得Ⅲ.核心短語1．________________承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)2．________________堅(jiān)決要求3．________________冒生命危險(xiǎn)4．________________(開始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)5．________________擔(dān)任；任職6．________________總結(jié)；概括7．________________磨損；損耗8．________________經(jīng)得起；抵抗9．________________偶然；意外地聯(lián)想拓展動(dòng)詞＋up短語薈萃(up完全；徹底地)breakup分裂，打碎burnup完全燒盡useup全部用盡tearup撕碎eatup吃光表示“評(píng)價(jià)”的形容詞薈萃①remarkableadj.非凡的②dedicatedadj.有獻(xiàn)身精神的③outstandingadj.杰出的④respectedadj.受尊敬的⑤responsibleadj.負(fù)責(zé)任的⑥admirableadj.令人欽佩的Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)句型1．過去分詞作定語In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearchers________.(入選的)2．upon/ondoing...當(dāng)……時(shí)；一……就……________________(一聽到)thatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine...”3．主語＋bethought＋過去分詞Artemisininhasbeeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,and________________________(被認(rèn)為挽救了)100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.高頻考點(diǎn)探究Ⅰ.核心詞匯1．vitaladj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的【教材原句】Artemisininhasbeeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.青蒿素已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分。bevitalto...對(duì)……很重要Itisvitaltodosth.做某事是很重要的Itisvitalthat...……是十分重要的(that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即shoulddo,should可以省略)【練透考點(diǎn)】單句語法填空①Asweallknow,waterisvitalto/forkeepingeverythingalive,without________theworldwouldbeadeadplace.②________isvitalthatyou(should)keepaccuraterecordswhenyouareself-employed.③Theconservationoftropicalforestsis________vitalimportance.【佳句背誦】Understandinghistoryisvitalto/forunderstandingourselvesasapeopleandnation.作為一個(gè)民族和一個(gè)國家，了解歷史對(duì)于了解我們自身是至關(guān)重要的。2．mitvt.承諾；保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)【教材原句】TuYouyou,amittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,andgraduatedfromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.屠呦呦，一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。(1)mit...to把……送交，托付給……；對(duì)……作出承諾，承擔(dān)義務(wù)，擔(dān)負(fù)責(zé)任；使(自己)致力于……mitoneselftodo...承諾；保證做某事mitacrime犯罪(2)mittedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的；堅(jiān)信的mitmentn.承諾；交托；信奉【知識(shí)拓展】過去式、過去分詞mitted,mitted【練透考點(diǎn)】單句語法填空①Borrowersshouldthinkcarefullybeforemittingthemselves________takingoutaloan.②Bothsidesmittedthemselves________(settle)disputepeacefully.③Tomisa________(mit)memberofourfootballteam.④Amanwhomittedamistakeanddoesn'tcorrectitis________(mit)anothermistake.【佳句背誦】Betotallymittedtowhatyoudo,asexcellenceisonlypossiblewithmitment.完全致力于你所做的事，因?yàn)橹挥型耆冻霾趴赡苓_(dá)到卓越。3．evaluatevt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)【教材原句】Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.她的團(tuán)隊(duì)查看了2000多本古老的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)，并對(duì)28萬種植物的藥用性能進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。(1)evaluatesb.on/by根據(jù)……評(píng)價(jià)某人(2)evaluationn.估計(jì)；評(píng)價(jià)makeanevaluationof對(duì)……進(jìn)行評(píng)估【練透考點(diǎn)】單句語法填空①Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbe________(evaluate)intermsofoverallquality.②Thestudentsshouldrewritetheirpapersandsubmitthemfortheirfinal________(evaluate)．③Don'tevaluatepeople________theirclothes.【佳句背誦】Writingdownyourprogressallowsyoutoobjectivelyevaluateyourwork.寫下你的進(jìn)度可以讓你客觀地評(píng)估你的工作。4．a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝【教材原句】However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.然而，屠呦呦并不接受失敗。acknowledge(doing/havingdone)sth.承認(rèn)(做了)某事acknowledgesb./sth.tobe/as承認(rèn)某人/某物是……acknowledgethat...承認(rèn)……It'sgenerally/universallyacknowledgedthat...大家公認(rèn)……acknowledgementn.承認(rèn)；感謝；謝禮【詞源解讀】acknowledge由ac-“在(at)”和knowledge“知道(know)”構(gòu)成，即“處于知道的狀態(tài)”。其詞源義及基本義為“承認(rèn)”?！揪毻缚键c(diǎn)】單句語法填空①Thecountryhasacknowledged________________(take)everymeanstofightagainstanypossibleattack.②“Sheisusuallyacknowledged________(be)oneofourbestartists.③It'sgenerallyacknowledged________educationshouldn'tbemeasuredonlybyexaminationresults.【佳句欣賞】Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatwealthdoesn'tnecessarilymeanhappiness.眾所周知，財(cái)富并不一定意味著幸福。5．circumstancen．[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.我們幫不了琳達(dá)什么忙。她的處境是我們無法控制的。(1)in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下(2)in/undernocircumstances決不；無論如何都不(置于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝)【知識(shí)拓展】以下短語均意為“決不；無論如何也不”，置于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝語序。atnotime,innoway,innosense,onnoaccount,onnocondition【練透考點(diǎn)】完成句子①我知道我在任何情況下都能信任她。IknowIcantrusther________________.②這些故事使我們深思，在類似情況下我們應(yīng)該做什么。Suchstoriessetusthinking，wonderingwhatweshoulddo________________________.③在任何情況下，我都沒想到，當(dāng)我決定接受這份工作時(shí)，我會(huì)遇到這么多問題。________________________expectthatIwouldmeetsomanyproblemswhenIdecidedtotakethejob.【佳句背誦】Undernocircumstancesshallwegiveupourbeliefthatwecanmakethisworldabetterplacetolivein.在任何情況下，我們都不會(huì)放棄我們的信念，即我們可以使這個(gè)世界成為一個(gè)更美好的居住地。Ⅱ.核心短語6．etopower(開始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)【教材原句】Circumstanceschangedin1933,whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.1933年，當(dāng)希特勒在德國掌權(quán)時(shí)，情況發(fā)生了變化。beyond/outofone'spower力所不能及的beinpower執(zhí)政takepower掌權(quán)doall/everythinginone'spowertodosth.竭盡所能做某事【誤區(qū)釋疑】etopower表示動(dòng)作，beinpower表示狀態(tài)，etopower不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，而beinpower可以?！揪毻缚键c(diǎn)】完成句子①盡管他執(zhí)政兩年了，但他還沒有找到解決國家經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的有效方法。Thoughhehasbeen________fortwoyears，hehasn'tfoundaneffectivesolutiontothecountry'seconomicproblems.②他上臺(tái)執(zhí)政已經(jīng)兩年了。Ithasbeentwoyearssincehe________________.③是我的朋友關(guān)心我，盡他的力量幫助我。Itwasmyfriendwhowasconcernedaboutmeand________________________.④近年來，婦女開始擔(dān)任越來越重要的職位。Womenarestartingto________________inmoreandmoreimportantpositionsinrecentyears.7．takeupaposition/post擔(dān)任職務(wù)，任職【教材原句】AfterspendingtimeinEurope,hefinallytookupapositionasaresearcherattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,USA.在歐洲待了一段時(shí)間后，他最終在美國普林斯頓大學(xué)高等研究院找到了一份研究員的工作。takeup拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù)；占據(jù)(時(shí)間或空間)takeaway解除；消除takedown拿下；取下；記下takein理解；欺騙；接納takeoff脫去；起飛；突然受歡迎takeon呈現(xiàn)；開始雇用【練透考點(diǎn)】寫出下列句中takeup的含義①Ricktookupthechallengeandcycledthe250mileroutealone.________②Oldbookstakeupmuchspaceintheoffice.________③Iputthephonedownandtookupworkagain.________單句語法填空④Inordertopractisemyspeakingskillsandgetmoreexperience，I'meagertobetaken________forthisjob.⑤Withmostoftheproblemssolved，Ifeltagreatweighttaken________mymind.⑥Themorefatyoutake________beforebedtime，thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.【佳句背誦】Forgivemeforhavingtakenupsomuchofyourtimeandacceptmybestwishesforyourhealthandhappiness.請(qǐng)?jiān)徫艺加昧四氵@么多的時(shí)間，請(qǐng)接受我最美好的祝愿，祝你健康快樂。8．insiston堅(jiān)決要求【教材原句】TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.屠呦呦和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員甚至堅(jiān)持在自己身上測(cè)試藥物，以確保它是安全的。【典型例句】Inconclusion，solongasyouinsistondoingso，youwillsucceedsoonerorlater.總之，只要你堅(jiān)持這樣做，你遲早會(huì)成功的。(1)insiston/upon(doing)sth.堅(jiān)決要求(做)某事(2)在“insist＋that...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)insist作“堅(jiān)持主張，堅(jiān)決要求”講時(shí)，其后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。當(dāng)insist作“堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講時(shí)，其后的賓語從句用陳述語氣?！局R(shí)拓展】與insist的用法相似的詞還有suggest。當(dāng)suggest作“建議”講時(shí)，其后的從句要用虛擬語氣。作“表明，暗示”講時(shí)，其后的從句用陳述語氣?！揪毻缚键c(diǎn)】完成句子①他堅(jiān)持要我收回所說的話，但我堅(jiān)持說我的話是對(duì)的。HeinsistedthatI________________________whatissaid,butIinsistedthat________________.②他剛才說的話表明他在考試中考得不好，所以我建議你現(xiàn)在不要和他說話。________________________didn'tdowellinthetest,soIsuggestedthatyou________________________himatthemoment.③老師要求充分利用時(shí)間做好工作。Theteacherinsistedthateveryminute________________todotheworkwell.Ⅲ.典型句式精析9．UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize，shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine...”一聽到她被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她說，“榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我……”【典型例句】Uponhearingtheexcitingnews,hejumpedwithjoy.聽到這個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的消息時(shí)，他高興地跳起來?！揪涫椒治觥縰pon/ondoing...當(dāng)……時(shí)；一……就……【知識(shí)拓展】表示“一……就……”的結(jié)構(gòu)有：theminute，themoment，theinstant,assoonas，immediately，instantly,directly，hardly...when...，nosooner...than...；on等?！揪毻缚键c(diǎn)】一句多譯讓我非常驚訝的是，她一讀那封信就哭了起來。①M(fèi)uchtomysurprise，sheburstintotears________instantshereadtheletter.②Muchtomysurprise，sheburstintotears________shereadtheletter.③Muchtomysurprise,________readingtheletter，sheburstoutcrying.④Muchtomysurprise,________hadshereadtheletterwhensheburstoutcrying.10．Artemisininhasbeeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素已成為治療瘧疾的至關(guān)重要的成分，被認(rèn)為僅在非洲每年就能拯救10萬人的生命。【典型例句】Itsuniquesceneryissoimpressivethatitissaidtobemorebeautifulthananyothercityintheworld.它獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景是如此令人印象深刻，據(jù)說它比世界上任何其他城市都美麗?！揪涫椒治觥恐髡Z＋bethought＋不定式(1)Sth./Sb.isthoughttodoItisthoughtthat...據(jù)認(rèn)為……不定式根據(jù)情況可用一般式、進(jìn)行式或完成式。(2)該句型可與Itisthoughtthat...互換。常用于該句型的過去分詞還有said,believed,considered,hoped,reported等?！揪毻缚键c(diǎn)】單句語法填空①Theoldmanissaid________________(go)throughvarietiesofsufferingsduringthewar.②Healthisfrequentlythought________(be)associatedwithabalanceddietandplentyofexercise.③________isreportedthatmanyanewhouseisbeingbuiltatpresentinthedisasterarea.【佳句背誦】Heisthoughttobealearnedandmodestscholar.他被認(rèn)為是一位博學(xué)、謙遜的學(xué)者。Ⅰ.高考能力同步化——單句語法填空1．[2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboats________(stick)milesfromthesea.2．[2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]Theobjectiveofmostspeechesis________(benefit)theaudience.3．[2020·全國卷Ⅱ]AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthe________(mit)Wilsonmadetopreventingthepreventable.4．[2020·全國卷Ⅲ]Asthesmallboatmoved,________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.5．[2020·全國卷Ⅰ]________lostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7：30amto5：00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.6.Interestisasvitalto________(learn)astheabilitytounderstandevenmoreso.7.Whatmademedistinct________othersisthatIhavedevelopedfluencyinEnglish.8．Thelongerthissituation________(obtain),themoreextensivetheproblemsbee.9．Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentwe________(defeat)．10．________(apparent),blindlyfollowingothers'advicewillaffectourjudgment.Ⅱ.必備知識(shí)試題化——完成句子1．我突然感到既恐懼又興奮。Fearandexcitementsuddenly________________me.2．他度假回來就開始寫他的第一部小說。________________fromhisvacation,hebeganwritinghisfirstnovel.3．我們和一只黑熊有一次短距離接觸。Wehadafrighteningly________________________ablackbear.4．總之，如果要保持健康，你必須經(jīng)常鍛煉，停止吸煙。________________，forahealthyheartyoumusttakeregularexerciseandstopsmoking.5．他有一種讓每個(gè)人都賓至如歸的天賦。He____________________makingpeoplefeelathome.Ⅲ.教材語篇高考化——語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In2015,TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinebecauseshediscoveredartemisinin,whichisavital(treat)formalaria.TuYouyouwasborninNingbo,Chinain1930and(graduate)fromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1967,she,togetherwithateamof(scientist),begantodiscoveranewtreatmentformalaria.In1969,astheheadoftheproject,shedecided(find)traditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthediseasefromancientChinesemedicaltexts.Shegotaninspirationfromonemedicaltextofthefourthcentury,whichsuggested(use)theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Atfirstherteamtestedacollectionof(dry)wormwoodleavesbutitdidn'twork.Thentheytriedboilingfreshwormwoodhadnoeffect,either.However,shedidn'tacknowledgethedefeatandfinallyfoundadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.Shedrewouttheextractfromthewormwoodalowertemperatureandfoundasubstancethat(lucky),herteamfinallysucceededin1971andthemedicine,wascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.[2020·全國卷Ⅰ改編]你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請(qǐng)以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1．人物簡(jiǎn)介；2．尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．短文題目和首句已為你寫好。ArespectableteacherMrLiu,aged58,ismyEnglishteacher.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step1斟酌打磨豐富句式1．精挑細(xì)選——核心詞匯想周全①________________幽默的②________________負(fù)責(zé)任的③________________對(duì)……有很大影響④________________記?、輄_______________意識(shí)到2．遣詞造句——句式升級(jí)是亮點(diǎn)句式翻譯：①是劉先生讓我認(rèn)識(shí)到學(xué)好英語的重要性。MrLiumademeawareoftheimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②要不是他的指導(dǎo)和鼓勵(lì)，我不可能在城市英語演講比賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)。Withhisguidanceandencouragement,IwonthefirstprizeinthecityEnglishspeechcontest.(虛擬語氣)→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step2邏輯銜接連句成文ArespectableteacherMrLiu,aged58,ismyEnglishteacher._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________