高考英語全程考評 特訓(xùn)卷 課下天天練三十六 含解析

課下天天練(三十六)40分閱讀提分練姓名________班級________考號________時(shí)間：40分鐘閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A[2022·大連高三測試]VolunteerOpportunitiesVolunteersareavitalpartofourmissionofprovidinghigh-qualityenvironmentaleducationalprogrammesforthelocalyouth,HudsonRiverresearch,andcommunityevents.Wearecurrentlyseekingvolunteersforthefollowingpositions：?EducationAssistant—Assisteducationstaffwitheverydayschoolwork,after-schoolenvironmentalclubsandcommunitygroupvisitseveryWednesdayafternoon.?Marsh(沼澤)Assistant—HelpmaintainriverfrontmarshonThursdaysandSaturdays.Workonoccasionalmarshrepairsincludingtheremovalofforeignspeciesofplantsandtheclean-upofrubbish.(Seasonal)?ResearchAssistant—Participateinwaterqualitymonitoring,thesealifestudy,andotherprojectsastheyaredeveloped.Eighthourseachweekonworkdays.?Aquaria(水族館)Assistant—Providecareforthecenter'scollectionofaquaticwildlifeincludingtankmaintenanceandanimalfeedingattheweekend.Volunteerpositionsareavailablethroughouttheyear!Previousexperienceisnotrequired.Trainingwillbeprovideduponthestartofvolunteerservice.Formoreinformationaboutourvolunteerprogramsaswellassingle-dayvolunteerevents,call(914)377-1900orvisitwww.centerfortheurbanriver.org.1．WhatdoestheEducationAssistantneedtodo?A.Helpwithschoolroutine.B．Givelecturesafterschool.C．Coachstudentsinsportsclubs.D．Visitpoorstudents'communities.2．Ifyouarebusyonweekdays,whichvolunteerpositionisprobablysuitableforyou?A.EducationAssistant.B．MarshAssistant.C．ResearchAssistant.D．AquariaAssistant.3．What'srequiredtobeoneofthevolunteers?A．Workingexperience.B．Academictraining.C．Concernfortheenvironment.D．Around-the-clockavailability.B[2022·河北高三六校聯(lián)考]Notlongago,LindaKhanwassittingbyahospitalbedinHouston,feelingillatease.Besideherlayherfatherwhoneededheartsurgery.Thetwoofthemhadengagedinnothingbutdepressingsmalltalk.Then,hereyesfellonapileofbooks.Shepickedupone,andstartedtoreaditoutloud.“Rightawayitchangedthemoodandatmosphere，”shesays.Readinggavethedaughterawaytoconnectwithherfather.Listeningallowedthefathertotravelonthesoundofhisdaughter'svoiceintoaplacewherehefelthimselfagain.“Fromthenon，”Khansays,“Ialwaysreadtohim.”Ina2010surveyintheUnitedKingdom,elderlyadultswhojoinedweeklyread-aloudgroupsreportedbetterconcentration,lessanxiety,andanimprovedabilitytosocialize.Thesurveyauthorsowedtheseimprovementsinlargeparttothe“rich,varieddietofseriousliterature”thatgroupmembersconsumed,withfictionencouragingfeelingsofrelaxationandcalm,poetryfosteringfocusedconcentration,andnarrativesgivingrisetocognitive(認(rèn)知的)thoughts,feelings,andmemories.Intruth,almostanykindofreadingtoanotherpersoncanbebeneficial.Readersgetrewardstoo.ForNeilBush,thelate-lifehospitalizationofhisfamousparents,GeorgeH．W.andBarbaraBush,becameopportunitiestorepayadebtofgratitude.“WhenIwasakid,theywouldreadtome，”hesaid.Withhisparentsinandoutofcare,“We'vebeenreadingbooksaboutDad'sforeignpolicyand,morerecently,Mom'sautobiography.”Bushwenton,hisvoicethickwithemotion,“Andtoreadtheiramazinglifetothemhasbeenaremarkableblessingtome,personally,astheirson.”Tomanypeople,readingtoparentsmayseemsofaroutsidethenormalrangeofregularactivities,anditmayevenfeeloddandimproper.However,therearestillmanypeoplewhobravethemomentarystrangenessofreadingtoelderlyadultsandbothreadersandlistenersare,toborrowaphrasefromWordsworth,surprisedbythejoyofit.4．WhatdidreadingoffertoLindaandherfather?A．Awaytoestablishabond.B．Awaytotraveltogetherinreality.C．Awaytotreatthedisease.D．Awaytoengageinlearning.5．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Improvementsinmentalhealth.B．Benefitsofreadingtoothers.C．Changesinthecognitiveprocess.D．Developmentofsocialskills.6．WhatdoesNeilBush'sexperienceprove?A．Readingbenefitsmorethanthelistener.B．Parentsshouldreadmoretotheirkids.C．Childrenshouldshowtheirgratitude.D．Readingtoparentsischildren'sduty.7．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutreadingtoanelderlyadult?A．Improperandodd.B．Abnormalbutworthy.C．Rewardingandjoyful.D．Interestingbutunnecessary.C[2022·青島高中質(zhì)量檢測]Nobodywantstosnackonplasticbagsorsodarings,butaccordingtoarecentstudyfromtheUniversityofNewcastle,wecouldbeconsumingroughlyacreditcard'sworthofplasticeveryweek.Microplastics,whicharelessthanaquarter-inchsizeandcomeinvariousshapes,havepollutedthenaturalworldandinfiltrated(滲入)ourbodies.Thefirstcluetomicroplasticexposureinhumanscamearound2013,whenscientistsdiscoveredplasticparticlesinseafoodpreparedforconsumption.Butin2019,whentheUniversityofNewcastlestudywaspublished,thescientificcommunityunderstoodthattheproblemwasconsiderablybroader.Microplasticsshedoffclothesandtiresandhavebeenfoundinbeer,honey,tablesaltandotherfooditems.Webreatheinplasticstayingintheairanddrinkplasticfloatinginourdrinks.It'snostretchtoconcludethatourexposureissignificant.Whatwedon'tknowiswhatthismeansforus.Theamountofevidencecollectedonthis__subjectisgrowingrapidly,accordingtoScottCoffin,atoxicologist(毒理學(xué)家).Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodiescanseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.Becausemicroplasticsaretoosmalltocleanup,theonlysolutionistostopplasticwasteatthesource.Anddoingsowouldtakeathoroughadjustment,giventhatplasticisdeeplyembeddedinoureconomyandlifestyle.Stoppingusingthemwouldfundamentallyaffectcountlessindustries,includingtextiles(紡織業(yè)),transportationandmanufacturing.“Ithinkweneedtohavemorestudiescomingoutthataredirectlyrelatedtohumanhealthbeforeweseealotmoreconcernfromthegeneralpublic，”Scottsaid.“Ittakesalottoconvincepeoplethatsomethingthatisreallyconvenientforthemtouseissomethingtheyshouldsacrifice.”Thequestionofmicroplasticsandhumanhealthneedsmoreattention—fromthescientificcommunity,thegeneralpublic,thegovernmentandfundinggroups.Theissueisn'tbeingignored,butit'snotbeingprioritizedeither.8．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellusaboutmicroplastics?A．Theirwideusageindailylife.B．Theirharmtohumanhealth.C．Theirsignificantexposureinhumans.D．Thenewstudyconductedonthem.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thissubject”referto?A．Thewaythatmicroplasticsexist.B．Thepollutioncausedbymicroplastics.C．Therelationshipbetweenmicroplasticsandhumanhealth.D．Thereasonfortheexistenceofmicroplastics.10．HowtosolvetheproblemaccordingtoScott?A．Tocutdownplasticproduction.B．Tocarryoutmorestudiesonmiceandrats.C.Toinventsomethingmoreconvenientthanplastic.D．Topromotepeople'sawarenessontheharmbroughtbymicroplastic.11．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．Ismicroplasticpollutionharmfultoourhealth?B．Whyismicroplasticpollutioneverywhere?C．Whyisplasticharmful?D．Whatdoyouknowaboutmicroplastics?D[2022·南昌市模擬]Theteam,ledbyMichaelT．Tolley,aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringattheJacobsSchoolofEngineeringatUCSanDiego,detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17,2021issueofthejournalScienceRobotics.“Thisworkrepresentsafundamentalyetsignificantsteptowardsfully-autonomous,electronics-freewalkingrobots，”saidDylanDrotman,aPhDstudentinTolley'sresearchgroupandthepaper'sfirstauthor.Applicationsincludelow-costrobotsforentertainment,suchastoys,androbotsthatcanoperateinenvironmentswhereelectronicscannotfunction,suchasMRImachines.Softrobotsareofparticularinterestbecausetheyeasilyadapttotheirenvironmentandoperatesafelynearhumans.Mostsoftrobotsarepoweredbyairandarecontrolledbyelectroniccircuits.Butthisapproachrequirescomplexcomponentslikecircuitboards,valves(閥門)andpumps—oftenoutsidetherobot'sbody.TheseComponents,whichmakeuptherobot'sbrainandnervoussystem,aretypicallylargeandexpensive.Bycontrast,theUCSanDiegorobotiscontrolledbyalightweight,low-costsystemofair-poweredcircuits,madeupoftubesandsoftvalves,onboardtherobotitself.Therobotcanwalkoncommandorinresponsetosignalsitsensesfromtheenvironment.“Withourapproach,youcouldmakeaverycomplexroboticBrain，”saidTolley,thestudy'sseniorauthor.“Ourfocusherewastomakethesimplestair-powerednervoussystemneededtocontrolwalking.”Inthefuture,researcherswanttoimprovetherobot'swaystowalksoitcanwalkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces.Thiswouldallowtherobottonavigateoveravarietyofobstacles(障礙).Thiswouldrequireamorecomplicatednetworkofsensorsandasaresultamorecomplexair-poweredsystem.Theteamwillalsolookathowthetechnologycouldbeusedtocreaterobots,whichareinpartcontrolledbyair-poweredcircuitsforsomefunctions,suchaswalking.12．Whatistheachievementoftheteam'sstudy?A．Theirrobotscanwalkahugestep.B．Theirrobotsworkfollowingcommands.C．Theirstudygetstheirelectronicsforfree.D．Theyfindanewtechniqueinwalkingrobots.13．Whatcantheteam'srobotsbeappliedtofromthepassage?A．Toycompanies'products.B．Environmentalprotection.C．Humansafety.D．Factorieswithoutworkers.14．Whatwilltheresearchersprobablydo?A．Changethewayofpower.B.Helprobotswalkashumans.C．Improverobotstoavoidobstacles.D.Buildanetworktocontrolrobots.15．Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A．Theintroductiontoelectronics-freewalkingrobots.B．Thefunctionsofnewly-developedrobots.C．Theapplicationsofsoftwalkingrobots.D．Thewaystoimprovetraditionalrobots.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[2022·山西名校測評]Willyouraiseyourhandstospeakactively,ordoyoujustremainaquietlistenerinclass?It'snotunusualforteenstoavoidansweringquestionsinfrontofothersbecausetheyaretooshyortooafraidofbeingmistaken.Sometimes,however,alackofself-confidencecanarisefromfeelingsofinsecurity.__1__.Butrememberit'sanormalfeelingthatyoucanandshouldchange!__2__．Ifyouhaveafearthatpeoplewillseeyourshortcomings,youwillfinditdifficulttoassertyourself.Inbuildingself-confidence,yourfirstgoalistodeveloparealisticunderstandingofyourstrengthsandweaknesses.You'llhavetotakeatoughfirststepandlookinsideyourself.Celebrateyourstrengths.It'snotsufficienttoidentifyyourweaknessesoryourproblemareas.__3__.Youcangetdowntodoingthisbymakingabiglistofthingsyouhaveaccomplishedandthethingsyoudowell.Haveyoueversparedthetimetoexploreyourstrengths?Youwerebornwithsomenaturaltalent,whetheryouhavediscovereditornot.Areyouartistic?Canyouorganizethings?Doyounavigatewell?Ifyoucandoanyofthemwell,youhavetraitstocherish!Changeyourbehaviour.__4__，whichwillhelpyoufightofffeelingsofnegativity.Exerciseandgetenoughsleep.Complimentothersontheirstrengthsandyouwillfindthatotherpeoplewillreturnthefavourandcomplimentyougive.Allthesebehaviouraltraitsimproveourmoods.Useathirdpersonapproach.Thereisaninterestingstudythatshowsthattheremaybeatricktomeetourbehaviouralgoalsmorequickly.Thetrick?__5__，orwhenyougothroughtheprocessofenhancingyourself-imageandbuildingupyourself-confidence.A．YoualsohavegreataspectsaboutyourselfthatyouaresupposedtoexploreB．SometimeswehaveawfulfeelingsaboutourselvesandweoftenburythemdeepinsideC．Understandthecauseforyourlackofself-confidenceD．ThinkofyourselfassomeoneelseasyouevaluateyourprogressE．ButitishealthytorootoutsomethinghiddendeepinsideandworkthroughitF．NeverlosefaithinyourownstrengthsandpotentialG．Youcanincreaseself-confidencebyadjustingyourself,suchassmilingmore課下天天練(三十六)40分閱讀提分練第一節(jié)A語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會——廣告——志愿者招募廣告【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了幾個(gè)志愿者工作——教育助理、沼澤助理、研究助理和水族館助理。1．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)EducationAssistant部分中的“Assisteducationstaffwitheverydayschoolwork”可知，教育助理需要協(xié)助教職工做好學(xué)校的日常工作，故A項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：D考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Aquaria(水族館)Assistant部分中的“Providecarefor...attheweekend”可知，水族館助理需要在周末上班，故適合工作日較忙的人，所以D項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：C考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“Volunteersareavitalpartofourmissionofprovidinghigh-qualityenvironmentaleducationalprogrammes”可知，志愿者需要關(guān)愛環(huán)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。B語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——人際關(guān)系——為年邁的父母讀書【語篇解讀】Linda的父親即將進(jìn)行心臟病手術(shù)，可是她和父親的交流很令人沮喪。之后她開始為父親讀書，這改變了氛圍，緩和了父女倆的關(guān)系。其實(shí)，給年邁的父母讀書會給雙方都帶來樂趣。4．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“Readinggave...connectwithherfather”可知，閱讀成了Linda和她的父親之間建立親密關(guān)系的一種方式，故A項(xiàng)正確。5．答案與解析：B考查理解段落主旨要義的能力。通讀第二段可知，該段第一句為主旨句，再結(jié)合該段尾句“Intruth,almostanykindofreading...canbebeneficial”可知，該段主要陳述了給其他人閱讀的好處，故B項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：A考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，給他人閱讀的一方也會有所收獲；根據(jù)第三段尾句可知，能夠給父母讀他們的人生經(jīng)歷對他來說也是一件幸事。據(jù)此可以判斷，不僅僅是傾聽者，讀的一方也能從閱讀中獲益。故A項(xiàng)正確。7．答案與解析：C考查理解觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度的能力。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Readersgetrewardstoo”可知，讀的一方在閱讀時(shí)會得到回報(bào)；再根據(jù)尾段尾句中的“thejoyofit”可知，為年邁的人閱讀會令人愉快，故C項(xiàng)正確。C語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——微塑料威脅人類健康【語篇解讀】沒有人想以塑料為食，但微塑料——塑料的微小顆?！蚱潴w積小、形式多樣，已經(jīng)深深地滲入到我們生活中的各個(gè)方面。研究表明，微塑料會破壞細(xì)胞、造成壓力。對待微塑料問題，應(yīng)從源頭做徹底的調(diào)整，不能完全禁止。與此同時(shí)，還要提高公眾健康意識，犧牲微塑料給人類生活帶來的便利性。8．答案與解析：C考查理解段落主旨要義的能力。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容尤其是“Thefirstcluetomicroplasticexposure”可知，微塑料已經(jīng)滲入到我們的體內(nèi)，例如：海產(chǎn)品、啤酒、蜂蜜、食鹽、呼吸的空氣、飲料等。故第二段主要告知我們?nèi)祟惤佑|微塑料的情況很顯著。故C項(xiàng)正確。9．答案與解析：C考查理解詞匯的能力。前兩段講述微塑料已經(jīng)滲入到我們的體內(nèi)，存在形式多樣，在人類生活中幾乎無處不在，再結(jié)合全文講微塑料和健康的關(guān)系可推知，畫線詞所在句應(yīng)是，關(guān)于微塑料和人類健康的關(guān)系的證據(jù)越來越多。故C項(xiàng)正確。10．答案與解析：D考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第五段尾句可知，Scott認(rèn)為，人們應(yīng)該犧牲因便利而使用的塑料，但要讓人們相信這一點(diǎn)，需要做很多工作。即要解決這個(gè)問題，需要提高人們關(guān)于微塑料帶給人們的傷害的意識。故D項(xiàng)正確。11．答案與解析：A考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。本文主要講述微塑料已經(jīng)滲入到我們生