外研版高中英語必修三 （Disaster and hope）PartⅠ 新課件

Unit6

DisasterandhopePartⅠ

Startingout&Understandingideas

導(dǎo)讀：這首輕柔搖滾歌曲最早由理查德·卡朋特(RichardCarpenter)和約翰·貝迪斯(JohnBettis)創(chuàng)作于1973年，卡朋特兄妹樂隊(duì)(TheCarpenters)將其收錄于專輯《此時(shí)，彼刻》(Now&Then)中并作為該專輯的主打歌曲。電影《生命因你而動(dòng)聽》將其作為插曲，該歌曲也入圍奧斯卡百年金曲，成為永恒暢銷單曲之一。YesterdayOnceMoreWhenIwasyoungI’dlistentotheradio①____________formyfavoritesongsWhentheyplayedI’dsingalongItmademesmileThoseweresuchhappytimesAndnotsolongagoHowIwonderedwherethey’dgoneButthey’rebackagainJustlikealonglostfriendWaitingAllthesongsIlovesowellEverysha－la－la－laEverywo－wo②____________shinesEveryshinga－linga－lingThatthey’restartingtosingsofineWhentheygettothepart③____________he’sbreakingherheartItcanreallymakemecryJustlikebeforeIt’syesterdayoncemore...stillWhere昨日再現(xiàn)當(dāng)我還很小的時(shí)候我就喜歡收聽電臺(tái)等著我最愛的歌曲音樂聲響我也跟著吟唱那總讓我開心一笑那些快樂的時(shí)光就發(fā)生在不久以前我在好奇它們何去卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們重新歸來就像久違的朋友所有我以前喜愛的歌曲每一聲沙—啦—啦每一聲喔—喔依舊富有魅力每一聲淅—哩—哩如今依舊動(dòng)聽當(dāng)歌曲唱道他讓她傷了心我真的會(huì)淚流滿面就像以前一樣這就是昨日再現(xiàn)……素

養(yǎng)

導(dǎo)

航(1)PickingupafreenewspaperattheTubestation，Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot！”.Today，thetemperatureinLondonisexpected(2)toreach30plusdegrees!TheaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees，(3)soover30isnotusualforLondon.It’sgoingtobeawfulontheCentralLine，withnoairconditioning.WhydidtheyhavetoinventtheTubebeforeairconditioning?It’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines，aswellasoneofthedeepest.It’sthehottestonthewholeTubesystem.Sureenough，(4)goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcano(5)that’serupting.This，however，isnothing(6)comparedtothetrain.(7)Becausethere’snoairconditioning，thetemperatureinsidethetraincanreach35degrees!It’slovelyatthebeach，butnotso(8)whenyou’rewearingasuitandinacrowdofpassengers!I’msure(9)thepassengernexttomeandIaremeltingandbecomingone!Ihadbaconandeggsforbreakfast，andnowI’mfeelingabitsick—Ihope(10)IcanmakeittoBankstation...I’llavoidthefeeling(11)bythinkingaboutwork.Iworkinatall，glassbuilding.Oneveryhotsummer，thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparkedbelow!Willthishappenagaintoday?Yes，eachsummerinLondondefinitelyseemshotterthanthelast.Isuddenlyfeelabitscared.Perhapsnowisthetime(12)tostartplanningforthefuture?Ishouldprobablyputmyflatonthemarketandbuyaboat.Thatway，(13)whentheThamesrisesandthereisafloodinLondon，I’llstillbeabletogettowork.Butwait!WouldIstillhaveaworkplace(14)togoto?Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding，soquitelow.I’llspeakwithmymanagerabout(15)movingtothetopfloor.Mostimportantly，Iwillneedtolearntoswim!I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.ThenI’llbeabletosurvive(16)evenwhenthetallbuildingsareflooded.(17)Lookingthroughmynewspaper，I’mshockedbyphotos(18)showingthatahurricaneinAsiahasdestroyedatown.What’smore，heavyraininEasternEuropehascausedlandslides，andtheheatacrossSouthernEuropehascausedforestfires.Expertssay(19)thisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.Newslikethismakesmefeelnervous.Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth，perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...“ThenextstationisBank！”comestheannouncement.That’smydestination.(20)Steppingoutofthestationwithaheavyheart，Isuddenlyfeelafreshwindonmyface.Well，maybeIhavebeenworryingtoomuch.Afterall，it’sonly30degreesoutside!(1)PickingupafreenewspaperattheTubestation為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語。(2)不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語。(3)so引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。(4)goingdown...為動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。jumpingintoavolcano為動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞like的賓語。(5)that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾volcano。(6)comparedtothetrain為過去分詞作條件狀語。(7)Because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。(8)when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(9)本句為賓語從句，省略了連接詞that。(10)本句為賓語從句，省略了連接詞that。(11)bythinkingaboutwork為bydoing結(jié)構(gòu)作方式狀語。(12)不定式作后置定語，修飾thetime。(13)when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(14)不定式作后置定語，修飾workplace。(15)movingtothetopfloor為動(dòng)名詞作介詞about的賓語。(16)when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，even表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。(17)Lookingthroughmynewspaper為現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語。(18)showingthatahurricaneinAsia...為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語修飾名詞photos；其中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作動(dòng)詞show的賓語。(19)本句為動(dòng)詞say的賓語從句，省略了連接詞that。(20)Steppingoutofthestationwithaheavyheart為現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語。①pickup拿起②averageadj.平均的③awfuladj.糟糕的④airconditioning空調(diào)⑤typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的⑥godown下去⑦platformn.站臺(tái)；平臺(tái)⑧volcanon.火山⑨comparedto和……比起來⑩acrowdof一群

?meltv.融化?baconn.咸肉；熏肉?sickadj.惡心的?makeit成功?thinkabout思考，考慮?reflectoff反射?definitelyadv.無疑地，一定StepⅠ

GeneralreadingMatcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.Para.1

A.DisastersaroundtheworldPara.2 B.ThehightemperatureinLondontubePara.3 C.ThepreparationforthehotfuturePara.4 D.TheterribleexperienceinthehottrainPara.5 E.Tryingtobeoptimistic答案

Para.1—B

Para.2—D

Para.3—C

Para.4—A

Para.5—EStepⅡ

FactualreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1.WhatcanweknowabouttheTubesysteminLondon?A.Allthenewspapersarealwaysfreeofcharge.B.Theauthorneverexperiencesahotterjourneythanthisone.C.AirconditioningwasinventedbeforetheTube.D.Theplatformwasbuiltclosetoanactivevolcano.2.Whydoestheauthorfeelabitsickinthetrain?A.Becausethereisnoairconditioning.B.Becauseworkinginatallglassbuildingisawful.C.Becauseitisextremelyhotinsidethetrain.D.Becausethebreakfastsmellsterrible.3.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tbelongtotheauthor’spreparationsforthefuture?A.Movetheflattoanothercity.B.Buyaboat.C.Movetheofficetothetopfloor.D.Learntoswim.4.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthereportsofnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld?A.Excited. B.Relaxed.C.Shocked. D.Embarrassed.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.JourneyinLondon.B.TheTubesysteminLondon.C.Crowdedsituation.D.Theextremeweatherconditions.答案

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.C

5.DStepⅢ

ClozetestFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.WhenIamtravellingontheLondonTube，itisveryhotwiththetemperature1.____________(reach)30plusdegreesoutside，2.____________makesmefeelawful.Itiseven3.____________(hot)insidethetrainthanoutside，causingmetofeelabitsickandevenmeltwith4.____________passengernexttome.5.____________(think)thatLondonwillprobablygethotter，Ifeelscared.6.____________(prepare)forthefuture，Iplantosellmyflat，buyaboat,movemyofficetothetopfloor，andevenlearnswimmingreachingwhichhottertheThinkingToprepareimmediately.Lookingthroughanewspaper，I’m7.____________(shock)bythereportsofnatural8.____________(disaster)aroundtheworld，whichmakesmenervousandconsidermovingtospace.9.____________，goingoutside，IfeelrefreshedandthinkIhavebeen10.____________(worry)toomuch.shockeddisastersHoweverworryingⅠ.詞匯語境認(rèn)知——寫出語境中加黑單詞或短語的意義1.Itwasthesecondairdisasterintheregioninlessthantwomonths.____________2.Itookthetubethenthetrainandcamestraighthere.____________3.There’seasilyenoughroomfortwoadultsandthreechildren，plusadog.____________4.Thehurricaneismovingtothewestatabout18milesperhour.____________5.Afteraweek’sheavyrain，theirhousewasburiedbyalandslide.____________6.Wemustpickuprubbishandkeepourcityclean.____________7.You’rebraveandcourageous.Youcanmakeit.____________8.Theynoticedacrowdofpeopleshoutingandcheering.____________災(zāi)難，災(zāi)禍地鐵和，加上颶風(fēng)山崩，滑坡?lián)炱鸪晒σ蝗孩?單詞語境記憶——根據(jù)英語提示寫出單詞的適當(dāng)形式1.Thevolcano____________(eruption)in1980，devastatingalargeareaofWashingtonstate.2.Igotintouchwithhim____________(immediate)afterIreceivedtheletter.3.It____________(occur)tomethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.4.Peopleare____________(scare)tousethebuseslateatnight.5.Everyoneinthestreetwas____________(shock)whentheyheardthenews.6.I____________(definite)remembersendingtheletter.7.Iwasn’ttotallypreparedforthe____________(announce)onthenextday.eruptedimmediatelyoccurredscaredshockeddefinitelyannouncementⅢ.短語語境填空——根據(jù)漢語提示寫出適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z1.________________(和……比起來)peoplelivingonlyafewgenerationsago，wehavegreateropportunitiestohaveagoodtime.2.Iwavedgoodbyeand________________(下去)thestoneharboursteps.3.Itriedto________________(考慮)alltheproblemsthatwereaheadofmetomorrow.4.Thesun________________(反射)thesnow-coveredmountains，andcreatedbeautifulscenery.5.He’snottoblame.________________(畢竟)，itwasthefirsttimehe’ddoneit.6.Ineedsomemoney.I’mgoingto________________(瀏覽)thenewspaperforaholidayjob.Comparedwith/towentdownthinkaboutreflectedoffAfteralllookthrough1.eruptv.(火山等)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)·Sureenough，goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat’serupting.(教材P62)果然，下樓梯上月臺(tái)就像跳進(jìn)一座正在噴發(fā)的火山?！savolcaniceruptiontakingplacenow？火山噴發(fā)現(xiàn)在還在發(fā)生嗎？?單句語法填空①Thevolcano____________(erupt)andkilledallthedinosaur.②Tsunamisarehugewavesofwaterthatareusuallycausedbyearthquakesorvolcanic____________(erupt).單詞一族e(cuò)ruptionn.爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)eruptederuptions2.immediatelyadv.即刻；馬上

conj.一……就……·I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.(教材P63)我馬上就要參加一個(gè)游泳初學(xué)者班?！ecamearoundtoseemeimmediatelyhecheckedinthehotel.他剛一入住賓館就來看我。·Shedemandedthatwegiveheranimmediateanswer.她要求我們立即給她回復(fù)。·AssoonasIgettoBeijing，I’llwritetoyou.我一到北京就給你寫信?！osoonerhadhearrivedthanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.他剛到就再次被支走了。?一句多譯他一到達(dá)電影院，電影就開始了?！鷂______________________________________________________________________，thefilmhadbegun.→_________________________________atthecinemawhenthefilmbegan.→_________________________________atthecinemathanthefilmbegan.→_________________________________atthecinema，thefilmbegan.Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Themoment/minute/secondhearrivedatthecinemaHardlyhadhearrivedNosoonerhadhearrivedOn(his)arriving/arrival單詞一族immediateadj.立即的，馬上的名師提醒①表示“一……就……”的詞或短語有：themoment/theminute/thesecond/theinstant；immediately/directly/instantly；assoonas/hardly...when/nosooner...than...；on＋n./doing等。②在hardly...when/nosooner...than...句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，when和than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)。當(dāng)hardly，nosooner置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝，即將助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語之前。3.occurv.發(fā)生·Expertssaythisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.(教材P63)專家說這種壞天氣是由于氣候變化造成的?！toccurredtometovisitmyparents.我突然想去探望我的父母?！tneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.我決沒想到你能成功地說服他改變主意。?單句語法填空/一句多譯①Fluoften____________(occur)inwinterandspring.②Itneveroccurredtoher____________(ask)foranyonewhenshewasintrouble.③他想起他把鑰匙落在辦公室里了?！鷂_____________________________thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(occur)→______________________________thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)→______________________________thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)occurstoaskItoccurredtohimIthithimItstruckhim用法總結(jié)sthoccur(s)tosb某事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中Itoccurstosbthat.../todosth...某人突然想起……名師提醒occur不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。名師提醒表示“某人想到……”還可以用下列句式：

①Itstrikes/hit(s)sbthat...②Sthstrike(s)sb③Sthcome(s)tosb④Sbhit(s)on/uponsth4.announcementn.通告；公告·“ThenextstationisBank！”comestheannouncement.(教材P63)“下一站是銀行！”喇叭宣布?！wothingshappenedafterDolly’sbirthwasannouncedtotheworld.多莉綿羊的誕生向世界宣布之后，發(fā)生了兩件事?！heresultsoftheelectionwillbedeclaredtomorrow.選舉結(jié)果將在明天公布?！ewtrafficruleswillbepublishednextmonth.下個(gè)月將頒布新的交通法規(guī)。?選詞填空(declare/announce/publish)①Onlyin1687didheatlast____________hisnewtheory.②SoonGermany____________waronFrance.③Thebell____________theendoftheclass.publishdeclaredannounced單詞一族announcev.宣布；宣告易混辨析declare，announce，publishdeclare“宣布，宣告”，通常指官方正式公布，宣告某事。announce“宣布”，指對公眾或特定的一群人宣布他們關(guān)心的事情，特別是具有新聞性的事件。publish“宣布”，主要指印成文字，通過報(bào)刊或其他媒介向公眾公布某事。1.pickup拿起，拾起；接人，取物；學(xué)會(huì)；接收到(信號或聲音)；好轉(zhuǎn)·PickingupafreenewspaperattheTubestation，Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot！”.(教材P62)在地鐵站撿到一份免費(fèi)報(bào)紙，我看到標(biāo)題是“熱！熱！熱！”·Itdidn’ttakemelongtopickuptheelementaryknowledgeofthelanguage.我沒有費(fèi)多少時(shí)間就學(xué)會(huì)了這一語言的初步知識?！ouldyoudomeafavourandpickupmybrotherfromschooltoday?今天你能幫我個(gè)忙去學(xué)校接我弟弟嗎？·IfyougotoEnglandyou’llsoonpickupEnglish.你如果到英國去，很快就能學(xué)會(huì)英語的?！ecanpickupItaliantelevision.我們能收看到意大利電視臺(tái)的節(jié)目。?用pick的相關(guān)短語填空①Youshouldnotpick____________anyoftheflowers.②HehassuchadistinctiveappearancethatIcouldpickhim____________anywhere.③Idon’tunderstandwhyheisalwayspicking____________me.④Iseehimsitinthechairandpick____________thenewspaperagain.offoutonup短語記牢pickon指責(zé)，刁難pickout挑選，認(rèn)出pickoff采摘pickover篩選，精心挑選名師提醒口訣記憶pickup含義pickup詞義雖多變，口訣巧記挺簡單：拿起撿起開車接，接收收聽視野開；好轉(zhuǎn)改善又增強(qiáng)，學(xué)到知識也偶然；商場買到便宜貨，想必心情會(huì)很high。2

pareto和……比起來·This，however，isnothingcomparedtothetrain.(教材P62)然而，與火車相比，這算不了什么?！tisinterestingtocomparetheirsituationwithours.把他們的狀況與我們的相比很有意思?！hisschoolcompareswiththebestinthecountry.這所學(xué)?？膳c全國最好的學(xué)校媲美?！eoftencompareateachertoacandle.我們常把老師比喻成蠟燭?！omparedto/withhisbrother，hemadegreaterprogress.和他弟弟相比，他取得了更大的進(jìn)步。

?單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①____________(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth，thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.②____________(compare)thistimetoyourlasttimetoChinathisJune，what’sthedifference?③Bookscan________________________friends.書可以比喻為朋友。④Wecarefully____________thefirstreport____________thesecond.我們仔細(xì)比較了第一份報(bào)告和第二份報(bào)告。ComparedComparingbecomparedtocomparedwith用法總結(jié)compare...with...把……和……作比較comparewith比得上compare...to...把……比作……；把……和……作比較comparedto/with和……相比3.afterall畢竟；終究·Afterall，it’sonly30degreesoutside！(教材P63)畢竟，外面只有30度！·Thereweretwelvepeopleinallpresentatthemeeting.共有十二個(gè)人出席了會(huì)議?！omakemembersofateamperformbetter，thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.為了讓組里成員做得更好，訓(xùn)練者首先要了解他們的優(yōu)勢和劣勢?！certainlydonotremembertalkingtoyouatall.我當(dāng)然完全不記得和你講過話。?補(bǔ)全句子Youshouldn’thavescoldedtheboy____________；heisachild____________；____________，hemadeonlytwomistakes____________.你根本不應(yīng)該責(zé)備那個(gè)男孩，

他畢竟還是個(gè)孩子；

最重要的是，

他總共才出了兩處錯(cuò)。atallafterallaboveallinall短語記牢aboveall最重要的是；

尤其是firstofall首先

not...atall根本不；一點(diǎn)也不notatall不客氣allinall總而言之inall總共，合計(jì)1.Oneveryhotsummer，thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparkedbelow！(教材P63)一個(gè)非常炎熱的夏天，太陽反射過來，融化了停在下面的汽車！【分析】

parkedbelow為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾名詞cars?！就卣埂?/p>

過去分詞作定語的用法：(1)單個(gè)過去分詞及由過去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語時(shí)，通常置于被修飾詞之前，但修飾代詞時(shí)，需要置于被修飾詞之后。過去分詞短語作定語要后置，放在被修飾詞之后。(2)過去分詞作定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句，但它比定語從句更簡短。(3)一些不及物動(dòng)詞也有過去分詞形式，由于不及物動(dòng)詞不可以直接跟賓語，所以不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作的完成，而沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的意義?！hestudentdressed(＝whoisdressed)inwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的學(xué)生是我的女兒?！hisbook，written(＝whichiswritten)insimpleEnglish，issuitableforbeginners.這本書是用淺顯的英語寫的，適合初學(xué)者。·Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.地上有許多落葉?！hechildstandingoverthereismybrother.站在那兒的男孩子是我弟弟。單句語法填空①Theparty____________(hold)lastnightwasasuccess.②Thegirl____________(ask)questionswasourmonitor.③Themeeting____________(attend)byoverfivethousandpeoplewelcomedthegreathero.④Therewasaterriblenoise____________(follow)thesuddenburstoflight.heldaskingattendedfollowing名師提醒過去分詞作定語時(shí)，過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，有時(shí)表示完成?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，其所表示的動(dòng)作與被修飾詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，有時(shí)表示被修飾詞的特征。2.Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth，perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...(教材P63)既然地球上很難避免災(zāi)難，也許我應(yīng)該開始考慮搬到太空去……【分析】

本句中Nowthatit’shard...onEarth為原因狀語從句?！就卣埂?/p>

原因狀語從句：(1)because語氣最強(qiáng)，表示的是直接的理由?？捎脕砘卮饂hy引導(dǎo)的問句，可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，它所引導(dǎo)的從句常放在主句后。(2)as語氣較弱，較口語化，表示較明顯的原因或已知的事實(shí)，它所引導(dǎo)的從句常放在主句前。(3)since/nowthat語氣較弱，所表示的原因?yàn)槿藗円阎氖聦?shí)。常譯為“既然”。since常和nowthat互換。(4)for后跟句子時(shí)，是并列連詞，用來說明、補(bǔ)充解釋或表示一種推理，所以for跟從句時(shí)不能置于句首?！can’tgettosleepbecausethereismuchnoiseoutside.由于外面聲音嘈雜我睡不著?！shewasinahurry，heleftthisbaghome.由于他太匆忙才把包丟在了家里?！ince/Nowthattherainhasstopped，let’sgohomeatonce.既然雨已停了，我們馬上回家吧?！hedaybreaks，forthebirdsaresinging.天亮了，因?yàn)轼B兒都在叫了。補(bǔ)全句子①Iwaslateforschool__________________________(因?yàn)槲义e(cuò)過了第一輛公共汽車).②__________________________________(既然你恢復(fù)了健康)，youcantravel.③Itmusthaverainedlastnight，______________________(因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦?.④______________________(因?yàn)樗麤]準(zhǔn)備好)，weleftwithouthim.becauseImissedthefirstbusSince/NowthatyouarewellagainforthegroundiswetAshewasn’treadyUnit6

Disasterandhope

PartⅡ

Usinglanguage——省略【思維導(dǎo)圖】名詞所有格修飾的名詞，若表示住宅、店鋪、教堂或上下文已暗示或明確指出過的事物時(shí)，常常可以省略。如：WespenttheweekendatMary’s.(我們在瑪麗家過的周末。)what和how引導(dǎo)感嘆句時(shí)，常可省略主語it和be動(dòng)詞。如：Whatawonderfulvictory(itis)forTom!Howbeautiful(itis)tobetreatedlikeachild!Ⅰ.基本特征感悟【感悟用法】①(You)Comein，please!②Johnisalawyer，andhiswife(is)acleaner.③You’dbetterlookoutwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.④Heistheman(who/whom/that)youcandependon.⑤Theboywantedtoplayfootballinthestreet，buthismotherdidnotallowhimto(playfootballinthestreet).⑥Itshows(that)aknowledgeoffirstaidcanmakearealdifference.【自我總結(jié)】1.例句1為____________句中的省略。2.例句2為____________句中的省略。3.例句3為____________的省略。當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語指的是同一人或物，且由人稱代詞的主格擔(dān)當(dāng)，或當(dāng)狀語從句的主語為it，而且從句謂語中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把從句的____________________一起省略。4.例句4為____________的省略。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作________時(shí)可以省略。5.例句5為__________的省略。有時(shí)可用不定式符號“to”來替代上文中出現(xiàn)的不定式。6.例句6為____________中連接詞____________的省略。簡單并列狀語從句主語和be動(dòng)詞關(guān)系代詞賓語不定式賓語從句thatⅡ.主要用法精講為了避免重復(fù)，或?yàn)榱耸咕渥痈喚?，在一些句子中常常省去一個(gè)或某幾個(gè)成分，這種語法現(xiàn)象在英語中叫省略。在英語句子中，常見的省略情況有以下幾種：一、簡單句中的省略1.省略主語：一般情況下，主語是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧義的情況下，特別是在口語中，主語常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑問句中的主語。 (I)Begyourpardon.請?jiān)僬f一遍。 (It)Doesn’tmatter.沒關(guān)系。2.省略賓語：當(dāng)上、下或前后兩個(gè)句子的賓語一致時(shí)，下句或后句常省略賓語。 —DoyouknowMissGao？——你認(rèn)識高女士嗎？ —Idon’tknow(her).——不認(rèn)識。3.省略主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分)：在某些具體的場合下，主語和謂語都很明確，此時(shí)為了簡化或顯得親切等，可將主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分)同時(shí)省略，只剩下表語、賓語、狀語或其他成分。 (Youcome)Thisway，please.

請這邊走。(省略了主語和謂語) (Haveyou)Gotanyink?

你有墨水嗎？(省略了主語和謂語的一部分)二、并列句中的省略

在由and或but連接的并列句中，常省略一些重復(fù)的詞或詞組。1.省略共同的主語或賓語。 Tompickedupabookonthefloorand(Tom)handedittohisteacher.

湯姆在地板上撿起了一本書并把它交給了老師。2.若主語不同，而謂語部分的系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞相同，則省略后面的系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，瑪麗肯定一直在做家庭作業(yè)。3.若主語與謂語動(dòng)詞相同，則省略后面的主謂成分。 Hisadvicemademehappy，but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.

他的建議使我高興，卻使吉姆生氣。4.若主語不同，但主要?jiǎng)釉~及后續(xù)部分相同，則省略主要?jiǎng)釉~及后續(xù)部分。 Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn’t(haveaknowledgeoffirstaid).

他具備急救知識，但他朋友不具備。三、復(fù)合句中的省略1.狀語從句的省略(1)在when，while，if，asif，though，although，as，until，once，whether，unless，whenever等連接的狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語跟主句的主語相同且從句謂語中含有系動(dòng)詞be或從句的主語為it時(shí)，則從句中主語和be動(dòng)詞常被省略。Woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhile(itis)burning.木頭燃燒時(shí)產(chǎn)生很多煙。Whenever(itis)possible，theywouldstophimandaskhimthethreequestions.只要有可能，他們就讓他停下并問他這三個(gè)問題。When(itis)heated，icecanbeturnedintowater.加熱的時(shí)候冰可以變成水。WillyoubefreethisSunday?If(itis)so，let’sgocamping.這個(gè)周日你有空嗎？如果有，我們?nèi)ヒ盃I吧。(2)在than，as等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中常省略某些成分。Theydon’tusemorewaterthan(itis)necessary.他們使用的水沒有超出需要量。HerunsasfastasBob(runs).他和鮑勃跑得一樣快。2.定語從句的省略(1)在限制性定語從句中，作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞whom，which，that可省略(但whom，which緊跟在介詞后時(shí)不能省略)。Theexactyear(which/that)AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.安哥拉和她的家人一起在中國度過的那一年是2008年。(2)修飾way的關(guān)系詞that/inwhich可以省略。Theway(that/inwhich)hespeakstousisreallyannoying.他對我們講話的方式真是讓人討厭。3.賓語從句的省略(1)及物動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，連接詞that一般可以省略；但如果及物動(dòng)詞接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，那么只有第一個(gè)that可以省略。Itrulybelieve(that)beautycomesfromwithin.我真的相信美麗源自內(nèi)心。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.他說這篇課文很重要，我們應(yīng)該牢記在心。(2)when，where，how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句有時(shí)可以僅保留引導(dǎo)詞。IknowthatamoviestarwillcometoourcitybutIdon’tknowwhen(hewillcometoourcity).我知道一個(gè)電影明星將要來我們市，但我不知道他什么時(shí)候來。四、其他的省略情況1.動(dòng)詞不定式的省略(1)當(dāng)不定式在形容詞afraid，anxious，eager，glad，happy，ready，willing等后作狀語時(shí)，to后的內(nèi)容常省略。Youcan’tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe’snotreadyto(answerthequestion).如果他不愿意回答這個(gè)問題，你不能強(qiáng)迫他。(2)某些使役動(dòng)詞，如：make，let，have等和感官動(dòng)詞，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省略to，但若這些動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，則to不省略。WeoftenhearhersinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.SheisoftenheardtosinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))我們經(jīng)常聽見她在教室唱英文歌。(3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符號to。但若兩個(gè)不定式之間表示對比關(guān)系時(shí)，不能省略to。Helikestoswimmorethan(to)skate.比起溜冰他更喜歡游泳。Hebelievesitimportanttostudyratherthantomakefriends.(比較)他認(rèn)為最重要的是學(xué)習(xí)而不是交朋友。

(4)當(dāng)不定式在某些動(dòng)詞后作賓語時(shí)，?？墒÷?。常見的動(dòng)詞有agree，afford，expect，forget，hope，know，manage，pretend，remember，refuse，want，wish，wouldlike等。Iwoulddoitforyou，butIdon’tknowhowto(doitforyou).我愿意為你做這件事，但是我不知怎么去做。(5)介詞but，except(除了)前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式時(shí)，后面的不定式不帶to。Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwaitandsee.他所能做的只有等著瞧。(6)當(dāng)不定式在begoingto，beableto，haveto，oughtto，usedto后作復(fù)合謂語時(shí)，不定式可省略。Theydidn’tvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).他們應(yīng)該多看望父母，但他們沒有。2.使用so，not等時(shí)的省略在英語中，可以用so，not或其他方式來省略上文或問句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子。—Canyoufinishyourworktoday？——你今天能完成工作嗎？—Ithinkso.——我認(rèn)為能?！狪don’tthinkso./Ithinknot.——我認(rèn)為不能。3.介詞的省略(1)一些與動(dòng)詞、名詞或形容詞搭配的介詞常?？梢允÷?，而保留介詞后的動(dòng)名詞。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：①havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth②bebusy(in)doingsth③spendsometime(in)doingsth④stop/preventsb(from)doingsthTheheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.大雨使得他沒能按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。(2)表示時(shí)間的介詞at，on和in在next，last，this，these，yesterday，tomorrow，one，any，every，each，some等詞之前時(shí)，一般省略。Wegotoschool(on)everydayexceptSundays.除星期天外，我們每天都上學(xué)。即學(xué)即練1補(bǔ)全下列省略句①Haveaseat，please!____________haveaseat，please!②Lookslikerain.____________lookslikerain.③Let’sdothedishes.I’llwashandyoudry.Let’sdothedishes.I’llwashandyoudry__________________________.④Gotanyideaabouttheplan?____________gotanyideaabouttheplan?YouItthem/thedishesHavey