2023-2024學年度外研版必修二Unit6 Earth first學案

2023-2024學年度外研版必修二Unit6Earthfirst學案eq\a\vs4\al(分類背單詞)Ⅰ.“妙記”簡單詞匯1．sharkn． 鯊(魚)2．finv. 切去(魚的)鰭n. 魚鰭3．targetv. 把……作為目標4．a(chǎn)ttituden. (尤指通過行為表現(xiàn)出的對某事的一般)看法，態(tài)度5．oceann. 海洋，大海6．huntingn. 打獵，狩獵7．staffn. 員工8．damagev. 破損，損害，損傷9．floodn. 洪水，水災(zāi)10．supplyn. (煤氣、電力、自來水等)供應(yīng)(系統(tǒng))11．solaradj. 利用太陽光(能)的12．smogn. 煙霧，霧霾13．fogn. 霧14．falseadj. 不正確的，錯誤的15．a(chǎn)mountn. 數(shù)量，數(shù)額16．moden. (機器、設(shè)備的)運行方式，狀態(tài)，模式17．leakv. (使)漏，(使)滲漏18．litren. 升，公升19．a(chǎn)verageadj. 平均(數(shù))的Ⅱ.“勤回首”易忘詞匯1．highlightv. 使……突出，使注意力集中于2．reserven. (野生生物)保護區(qū)3．droughtn. 旱災(zāi)，干旱4．restorev. 使恢復5．a(chǎn)doptv. 采取(某種方法)6．bulbn. 燈泡7．renewableadj. (能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢復的8．carbonn. 碳9．greenhousen. 溫室，暖房10．brochuren. 小冊子11．releasev. 釋放，排放12．severeadj. (問題、傷勢、疾病等)很嚴重的13．sliden. 幻燈片14．devicen. 設(shè)備，儀器，裝置15．stand－byadj. 備用的16．a(chǎn)ppliancen. 家用電器，家用器具17．plugn. (電)插頭18．campaignn. (宣傳)活動19．canteenn. (工廠、學校等的)食堂，餐廳Ⅲ.“辨清用準”形變詞匯1．scarev.使(某人)驚恐，嚇?！鷖caredadj.害怕的，擔心的→scaryadj.恐怖的；嚇人的2．divev.(通常指使用呼吸設(shè)備的)潛水→divingn．跳水運動→divern．跳水運動員；潛水員3．fortunen．運氣；財富→fortunateadj.幸運的；吉利的→fortunatelyadv.幸運地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地4．extinctadj.滅絕的，絕種的→extinctionn.滅絕，絕種5．devotev．致力，獻身，傾注→devotionn．奉獻，專心→devotedadj.專心致志的，忠誠的6．crueladj.殘酷的→cruellyadv.殘酷地；非?！鷆rueltyn.殘忍，殘酷，殘暴7．presentv.提出；頒發(fā)；展現(xiàn)；表達，介紹→presentationn.報告，(觀點的)陳述，說明；展示會；演示；頒發(fā)8.establishv．建立，設(shè)立→establishmentn．建立，創(chuàng)立9．a(chǎn)ffectv．影響→effectn．影響；結(jié)果→affectionn．喜愛；鐘愛10．sustainv．維持(生命、生存)；使保持→sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的，不破壞環(huán)境的→sustainabilityn．耐久性；可持續(xù)性11．reusen．重新使用→reusableadj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的12．reducev．減少，降低→reductionn．減少，降低13．infectv．傳染，使感染→infectionn．感染，傳染病→infectiveadj.傳染性的14．lecturen．(尤指大學里的)講座，講課，演講→lecturern．講授者；講師15．permitv．允許n．許可證→permissionn．允許，許可16．majoradj.主要的，重要的v．主修→majorityn．多數(shù)，大多數(shù)(人或物)17．electricityn．電→electricadj.電的；用電的→electricaladj.電的；發(fā)電的；與電學有關(guān)的18．removev．移走，搬走，去掉→removaln．移動；消除；搬遷→removableadj.可去除的19．urgev．竭力主張，強烈要求，敦促→urgencyn．緊迫；緊急的事→urgentadj.緊急的；迫切的→urgentlyadv.急迫地；緊急地20．concernn．關(guān)心，擔心v.使關(guān)心；和……有關(guān)→concernedadj.焦急的，擔憂的→concerningprep.關(guān)于21．contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)→contributionn．貢獻，捐款Ⅳ.“歸類串記”族群詞匯1．“災(zāi)難”名詞集錦①flood水災(zāi)，洪水②catastrophe大災(zāi)難③typhoon臺風④drought旱災(zāi)，干旱⑤earthquake地震⑥tsunami海嘯2．“情緒”形容詞多變①scared驚恐的；害怕的②terrified非常害怕的③frightened害怕的④confident自信的⑤bored無聊的⑥ashamed羞愧的⑦excited興奮的⑧confused迷惑的3．“允許；禁止”須知①permitv．允許②allowv．允許③admitv.允許④banv．&n.禁止⑤prohibitv.禁止⑥forbidv.禁止eq\a\vs4\al(聯(lián)想積詞塊)Ⅰ.再認再現(xiàn)單元內(nèi)詞塊1．in_fear 處于恐懼中2．be_scared_of 害怕……3．due_to 由于，因為4．cut_off 切斷；中斷；剪掉5．have_a(n)_．.._effect_upon/on 對……有影響6．see_...as_... 把……看作……7．the_other_way_round_ 相反；相反的情況8．mistake_...for_... 把……誤認為……9．break_down 分解；出故障；(談判等)失敗10．up_to 多達；由……決定11．common_sense 常識12．take_...into_account 把……考慮進去13．call_on 呼吁，號召；拜訪(某人)14．come_up_with 提出；想出；趕上Ⅱ.類比串記單元外詞塊1．“be＋情感形容詞＋of”的相關(guān)短語bescaredof 害怕……beafraidof 害怕……befrightenedof 害怕……befondof 喜歡……betiredof 厭惡……beashamedof 為……感到羞恥beproudof 為……感到自豪2．“因為，由于”的相關(guān)短語dueto由于，因為thanksto幸虧；由于becauseof因為owingto因為；由于inviewof由于；鑒于onaccountof因為；由于eq\a\vs4\al(熟背好句好段)Ⅰ.背好句——一句點亮篇1．形容詞短語作狀語教材原句Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.由于害怕遇上電影里描繪的這種可怕生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了。推薦佳句①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Shockedandproud,theirmothersaidinasweetwhisper,“Thanks,mykids.Ireallyappreciatewhatyouhavedoneforme！”他們的母親既震驚又驕傲，愉快地低聲說道：“謝謝，我的孩子們。我真的很感激你們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺?！”②Devotedandunited,ChinesepeopleareworkingforanewChina.中國人民團結(jié)一心，為建設(shè)新中國而奮斗。2．倍數(shù)表達法教材原句However,makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.然而，生產(chǎn)紙袋的耗能為塑料袋的四倍，耗水則多達三倍。推薦佳句①Aslongasyoudevotetwicemoretimeandenergythanyoudidbefore,Ibelieveyouaresuretomakegreatprogress.只要你投入比以前多兩倍的時間和精力，我相信你一定會取得很大的進步。②(新教材北師大版選擇性必修1佳句)Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1,000timesfasterthannormal.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)人類活動導致物種滅亡的速度是正常滅亡速度的1000倍。Ⅱ.背好段——細節(jié)見功夫形體描寫之“面”Afterawhile,Ifeltsomethingawakingmefromsleep.Itwaswarmbreathhittingmerightintheface.Islowlyopenedmyeyesandsawasweet－lookingfacecoveredinwhiteandgoldfur.Itspinknosewasbreathingonme,anditsbig,browneyeswerelookingatmewithlove.Ismiledandsaid,“Hello,Fluffy.”Suddenlymyfacewascoveredindogkisses.Ihuggedhisneck,pattedhishead,scratchedhisbellyandlaughedashecontinuedtoshowermewithhislove.過了一會兒，我感到有什么東西把我從睡夢中喚醒。那是溫暖的呼吸，撲面而來。我慢慢睜開眼睛，看到一張?zhí)鹈赖哪槪厦娓采w著白色和金色的毛發(fā)。它粉紅色的鼻子在嗅著我的身體，棕色的大眼睛帶著愛看著我。我笑著說：“你好，毛毛?！蓖蝗?，它狂吻著我的臉。伴隨著它繼續(xù)向我傾訴愛，我擁抱它的脖子，輕拍它的頭，撓撓它的肚子，笑著。[點評]本段中從“face,eyes,nose”等與面部相關(guān)的部位進行描述，形象地刻畫了主人和寵物狗之間的溫馨互動畫面。同時，作者也動用了觸覺、視覺、嗅覺和聽覺等各種感官進行生動地描寫。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Fortunately(幸運地)forthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.2．(2022·全國甲卷)June8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay,whoseaimistoraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingoceans(海洋).3．(2022·全國乙卷)ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff(員工),oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.4．(2022·北京高考)Oneday,Iattendedapresentation(報告)bywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.5．(2022·浙江1月高考)Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricity(電)ismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier.6．Ittakesalongtimetorestore(使恢復)natureonceitisdamaged.7．Mysistermethimatthecinemayesterdayafternoon,sohecouldn'thaveattendedyourlecture(講座)．8．Itreallyseemedagesbeforethepolicecameonthesceneandclearedawaythedamaged(破損的)cars.9．Thecampaign(活動)isdesignedtoincreasepublicawarenessoftheissues.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．(2022·北京高考)Wemaynothaveanydiseasebutstillhaveaweakbody,whichisreadyto_be_targeted(target)byviruses.2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staffincarehomeshavereportedareduction(reduce)intheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwas_established(establish).4．(2022·浙江1月高考)Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylifewas_affected(affect).5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandideaandcalledBetsy'sdadwiththeirpermission(permit)．6．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcerned(concern)thattheydecidedtopayhuntersD|S5atail.7．Jackiehas_been_devoted(devote)tovoluntaryworkeversincehegraduatedfromcollege.Ⅲ.選詞填空breakdown,haveaneffecton,cutoff,dueto,callon,infear,theotherwayround,take...intoaccount1．Ourwatersupplyhasbeencut_offforthepastweek.2．Isittheyearswhenyouworkedinthefactorythathave_an_effect_onyourliteraryworks?3．Thelittlegirlyelledin_fearatthesightofthehugesnake.4．I'dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemysuggestionsinto_account.Idohopemytipswillbehelpfultoyou.5．Thoughtheprogramwaswelldesigned，cooperationbetweenthetwocompanieseventuallybroke_downbecauseneitherofthemwaswillingtomakeacompromise.6．Due_totheapplicationofthismedicaltechnology，somediseasescanbetreatedattheearlystage.7．Thegovernmentcalls_ontheyouthtodonatetheirbloodvoluntarily.8．You'dthinkyouweretheonewhodidmethefavor,andnotthe_other_way_round.Ⅳ.多維表達(按要求完成句子)1．(完成句子)Not_only_does_she_treatusfriendlybut_(also)_she_teachesinahumorousway.她不但對我們很友好，而且還用一種很幽默的方式教學。2．(完成句子)Shehurriedupthesteps,nervous_and_pale.她匆忙走上臺階，神情緊張，臉色蒼白。3．(完成句子)Everything_taken_into_account,_wewouldn'thavemadethismistake.如果把一切都考慮進去，我們就不會犯這個錯誤了。4．(完成句子)Differentteachersmake_different_contributions_toastudent'sgrowth.不同的教師在學生的成長過程中做著不同的貢獻。5．(一句多譯)我們學校最近修建了一個新體育館，它是原來的兩倍大。①Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently,whichistwice_as_large_asthepreviousone.(large)②Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently,whichistwice_larger_thanthepreviousone.(larger)③Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently,whichistwice_the_size_ofthepreviousone.(size)1．scarev．使(某人)驚恐，嚇唬(1)scaresb.intodoingsth. 威脅/恐嚇某人做某事scaresb.todeath 使某人大受驚嚇/嚇得要死scare...away/off 把……嚇跑(2)scaredadj. 害怕的，恐懼的，擔心的bescaredofsb./sth. 害怕某人或某物bescaredofdoingsth.＝bescaredtodosth. 害怕做某事(3)scaryadj. 令人害怕的；嚇人的[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Seeingmanycarsgoingupanddownthestreet,theboyswerescaredto_cross(cross)thestreet.②Thesilenceinthedarkbuildingwasscary(scare).Nosoundandvoicewasheardatthatmoment.③Shetriestoscarethechildintobehavingwell.④Havingmademistakes,heis_scared_offacinghisstrictteacher.他犯了錯，不敢去面對嚴厲的老師。2．devotev．致力，獻身，傾注(1)devote...to... 獻身于……；致力于……bedevotedto 專心于，致力于(2)devotionn. 奉獻，忠誠devotionto 對……的忠誠/關(guān)愛[演繹法練通](1)單句語法填空/完成句子①Herstoryisaremarkableexampleofhowhardworkanddevotion(devote)canleadtosportingexcellence.②Forexample,teachersinremoteruralareasaredevotedtochanging(change)thelivesofthepeoplewithlessaccesstotheadvantagesenjoyedbymanyothers.③(2022·浙江1月高考)Idecidedto_devote_myself_tothetaskofworkingwiththesubjects,whilehedevelopedthescientificmodel.我決定全身心地投入到研究課題的工作中，而他則開發(fā)了科學模型。④(2022·北京高考)Itisimportantforeveryoneto_devote_some_time_tohealthandfitness.對每個人來說，花些時間在健康和健身方面是很重要的。(2)句式升級⑤BecauseLucyisdevotedtowritingwhatshehasreflectedoninlife,shehasbeenrecognizedasaLuXun.→Devoted_to_writing_what_she_has_reflected_on_in_life,_shehasbeenrecognizedasaLuXun.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)→Devoting_herself_to_writing_what_she_has_reflected_on_in_life,_shehasbeenrecognizedasaLuXun.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)(1)devote用作及物動詞，后面的賓語可以是time,life,money,energy，也可以是oneself，作狀語或定語時用－ing形式；bedevotedto結(jié)構(gòu)作定語或狀語時用－ed形式。(2)devote...to...中的to為介詞，后跟名詞或動名詞等。eq\a\vs4\al([名師指津])3．majorityn．多數(shù)，大多數(shù)(人或物)(單句語法填空/完成句子)①Whentheheadmasterspokeouthisplan,themajority(major)ofthestudentsintheclasswereagainstit.②Themajorityofthebuildingswere(be)builtinthe1970s.③Themajoritywas/were(be)infavourofthesuggestionatthemeetingheldyesterday.④So,itmaybeonlyaminority(minor)ofyoungpeoplewhoplayclassicalinstruments.⑤HowIwishIhad_majored_in_medicineinsteadofhistorywhenIwasatcollege!我多么希望我在大學時主修的是醫(yī)學而不是歷史！[歸納法記牢](1)a/themajorityof... 大多數(shù)……beinthe/amajority 占多數(shù)(2)majoradj. 主要的；主修的n. 主修課程；主修學生vi. 主修majorin 主修(3)minoradj. 較小的；次要的minorityn. 少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族[名師指津](1)“themajorityof＋復數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。(2)當majority后面不接of短語時，若強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；若強調(diào)個體，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。4．urgev．竭力主張，強烈要求，敦促n.強烈的愿望；沖動(1)urgesb.todosth. 敦促某人做某事urgethatsb.(should)dosth. 強烈要求/極力主張某人做某事Itisurgedthatsb.(should)dosth. 強烈要求某人做某事(2)haveanurgetodosth. 有做某事的強烈愿望(3)urgentadj. 緊急的，急迫的Itisurgentthat... 強烈要求……(4)urgencyn. 緊迫，緊急的事[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird－degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.②Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimto_continue(continue),butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.③Becauseofallthisextratime,therewasnosenseofurgency(urge)todomyschoolworkimmediately.④Hearingthatyou'llgiveusalectureaboutwesternartandwanttohearouropinions,Ifeel_an_urge_to_make_my_voice_heard.聽說您要給我們做一個關(guān)于西方藝術(shù)的講座，想聽聽我們的意見，我有一種想發(fā)表意見的沖動。⑤Itisurgedthatimmediatemeasures(should)be_taken_to_stopthesituation.敦促立即采取措施，制止這種情況。⑥Itisurgentthatall_the_students_(should)_participate_inthewinterlong－distancerunningactivity.強烈要求所有的學生都應(yīng)該參加冬季長跑活動。eq\a\vs4\al([名師指津])(1)urge后接that從句時，從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”的形式，這里的“動詞原形”為“do”或“bedone”的形式，should可以省略。(2)It＋be＋urgent/important/strange/natural/necessary...＋that...句式中，that引導的從句中謂語部分需要用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”的形式，should可以省略。5．concernedadj.焦急的，擔憂的；相關(guān)的；關(guān)注的；感興趣的(單句語法填空/完成句子)①Hecalledthepolicebecausehewasconcernedabout/formysafety.②Honestlyspeaking,Ihavenoconcernwiththematter.③Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerning(concern)thefutureofthecompany.④As/So_far_as_I'm_concerned,_themoreyoupractisepaper－cutting,thebetteryouwillbecomeatit.就我個人而言，你剪紙練習得越多，你就會越擅長。⑤The_concerned_parentswereallconcerned_aboutthechildren'ssafety.憂心忡忡的家長們都擔心孩子們的安危。[歸納法記牢](1)beconcernedabout/for... 關(guān)心/擔心……beconcernedwith/in 與……有關(guān)as/sofarassb.beconcerned 就某人而言；某人認為(2)concernvt. (使)擔憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n. 擔心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系havenoconcernwith... 和……無關(guān)(3)concerningprep. 關(guān)于；涉及[名師指津]concerned作前置定語時，意為“擔心的；關(guān)心的”；作后置定語時，意為“有關(guān)的”。例如：concernedparents憂心忡忡的家長；theauthoritiesconcerned相關(guān)權(quán)力機關(guān)。6．contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)；捐獻；貢獻(單句語法填空/完成句子)①Thecontribution(contribute)hemadetothevillagewasgreat,sohebecameverypopularamongthevillagers.②Whilejokesarelikelytocontributetoapleasantatmosphere,you'vegottobecarefulnottohurtothers.③Someadvertisementsnowadaysaimtomakea_contribution_to/contributions_tosocietyandwelfare.現(xiàn)在一些廣告的目的在于為社會和福利做貢獻。④Everyoneiswillingtocontribute_food_and_clothes_tothehomelesspeople.每個人都愿意為無家可歸的人捐獻食物和衣服。[歸納法記牢](1)contributeto 有助于；促使；導致contribute...to... 向……捐獻/捐贈……(2)contributionn. 貢獻；捐款makeacontribution/contributionsto... 對……做出貢獻7．take...intoaccount把……考慮進去(1)accountn． 描述；理由；賬戶v. 認為是，認為takeaccountof 考慮，顧及giveanaccountof 描述，敘述onaccountof 由于，因為onnoaccount 決不(位于句首，句子要用部分倒裝)(2)accountfor 解釋，說明(……的原因)；(在數(shù)量上)占……(比例)[演繹法練通](1)單句語法填空/句式升級①Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyrequestintoaccount.②Thecompanytakesaccountofenvironmentalissueswhereverpossible.③(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.④Onlywhenyougiveseriousconsiderationtotheirpointsofviewwillyoubeabletoseewhataccountsfortheiremotionsandempathizewiththem.⑤Youngpeopleshouldonnoaccountneglecttheirdailyphysicalexercises.→On_no_account_should_young_people_neglect_theirdailyphysicalexercises.(倒裝句)(2)一句多譯把所有的因素考慮進去，我們都認為這是一個好的提議。⑥Taking_all_the_factors_into_account,_weallthinkthisisagoodsuggestion.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)⑦All_the_factors_taken_into_account,_weallthinkthisisagoodsuggestion.(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語)⑧With_all_the_factors_taken_into_account,_weallthinkthisisagoodsuggestion.(用with復合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語)8．callon呼吁，號召；拜訪(某人)callonsb.todosth. 呼吁某人做某事callfor 要求，需要；提倡callup 給……打電話；召集calloff 取消callat 拜訪(某地)callin 邀請[演繹法練通](單句語法填空)①Anoldfriendofhiscalledonhimathisofficeyesterdayafternoon.②Thelocalgovernmenthastakenactiontocallonpeopleto_plant(plant)trees.③Thejobcalledforallmyresourcesofenergyandpatience.④Tonight'sgamehasbeencalledoffbecauseofbadweather.⑤HecalledheruponedayandsaidthatheandhiswifewerecomingtoNewYork.⑥Theydecidedtocallinadoctor,becausethechildwasnobetter.1．形容詞短語作狀語(1)形容詞(短語)作狀語時，說明句子主語或賓語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，可以表示方式、原因或伴隨等。(2)形容詞(短語)作狀語時，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開。(3)如果用來修飾句子的謂語動詞或整個句子，則應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。先學通(通過題點訓練把握用法規(guī)則)(單句語法填空)①Toourrelief,themissingchildreturnedhometendayslater,tiredbuthealthy(health)．②Surprised(surprise)andhappy,hestoodupandacceptedtheprize.③Surprisingly(surprise),theaveragestudentshouldgetfullmarksintheexam.④Ifoundthehomelessmanlyingonthestreetcornerinthefreezingcoldwind,dead(die)．再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運用自如)⑤我只希望不管特雷弗在哪里，他都能平平安安回家。AllI'mhopingforisthatwhereverTrevoris,he_will_come_home_safe_and_sound.⑥渴望知道外面在發(fā)生什么，一些學生不時地向窗外張望。Eager_to_know_what_was_happening_outside,_somestudentswereconstantlylookingoutofthewindow.2．倍數(shù)表達法倍數(shù)表達法的三個基本句型和四個特殊句型(1)三個基本句型：①倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞的原級＋as；②倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞的比較級＋than；③倍數(shù)＋the＋度量名詞(size,length,height,depth,weight,width...)＋of。(2)四個特殊句型：①倍數(shù)＋asmany/much＋名詞＋as；②倍數(shù)＋more＋名詞＋than；③倍數(shù)＋that/thoseof；④倍數(shù)＋what從句。先學通(通過題點訓練把握用法規(guī)則)(單句語法填空)①Thenewbuildingisfourtimeshigher(high)thantheoldone.②Thereisfourtimesasmuchwaterinthispotasinthatone.③Inthisworkshop,theoutputofJulywas4.5timesthatofJanuary.④Thisstreetisfourtimesthelength(long)ofthatone.再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運用自如)⑤這條路是三年前的兩倍寬。(what)Thewidthoftheroadistwice_what_it_was_three_years_ago.⑥在面積上，這個城市是那個城市的三倍大。(倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞＋of...)Thecityis_three_times_the_size_of_thatcity.1．賞用詞與場景之美Weseeawomanswimmingatnightinadarksea.Suddenly,sheispulledunderwater.Shesurfaces,criesinfear,thendisappearsforever.賞析：本段文字為電影《大白鯊》的開場畫面，呈現(xiàn)了鯊魚攻擊人類的一幕。“swimmingatnightinadarksea”讓讀者仿佛看到了夜晚在漆黑的大海上一位女士在游泳的畫面，這一場景的渲染為下文要發(fā)生危險的事情作了鋪墊；“Suddenly”一詞的運用讓讀者的心開始懸起來；“ispulledunderwater,surfaces,criesinfear,thendisappearsforever”這些詞語的運用，讓讀者看到了一個驚心動魄的畫面，仿佛身臨其境，心情久久不能平靜。2．賞結(jié)構(gòu)之美Itseemslikecommonsense：eatinglocalfoodshouldbebetterfortheenvironment,becauseitdoesnotneedtobetransportedlongdistancesandkeptcoldduringtransport.Unfortunately,itisnotthatsimple.Itistheproductionoffood,notitstransport,thatusesmostoftheenergyandproducesmostofthegreenhousegases.Insomecases,localproducemighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthanproducegrownalongwayaway—eventakingintoaccountitstransport.賞析：本段文字主要是敘述本地農(nóng)產(chǎn)品未必環(huán)保。本段句式結(jié)構(gòu)豐富多彩，靈活多變，語言表達簡潔有力?！癐t”為形式主語，“eatinglocalfood”為動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，“tobetransportedlongdistancesandkeptcold...”為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，“Itistheproductionoffood,notitstransport,that...”為強調(diào)句型，“mighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthan...”為比較級的靈活運用，“grown...”為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾“produce”，“eventakingintoaccount...”為獨立成分作狀語。(一)用本單元知識完成下列語段主題語境——保護野生動物Mostpeopleareafraidof(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：①are_scared_of)tigers,alwaysholdingthebeliefthattheyaredangerous,butsometigerssuchasSiberiantigers②are_endangered(endanger).Itisestimatedthattherearecurrentlylessthan35SiberiantigersinChina.Obviously,theyareonthebrinkof③extinction(extinct),asisthecasewithnumbersofwildanimals.Whyaresomanywildanimalssuffering?First,somepoachersaimat(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：④target_at)wildanimalsfortheirmeatandskins,whichleadsto(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：⑤contributes_to)theirdyingout.Ofcourse,thatisnotonlybecauseof(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：⑥due_to)huntingbutalsohumans'destroyingwildanimals'habitatsorlivingenvironmentextremelyseriously(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：⑦severely).Protectingwildanimalsmeanskeepingthebalanceofnature,whichbenefitswildlifeaswellashumans.Onlywhenwelearn⑧to_coexist_in_harmony_with_nature(與自然界和諧共存；非謂語動詞作賓語)canwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.So⑨it_is_urgent_that_everyone_should_adopt_proper_ways(迫切需要每個人采用適當?shù)姆椒?；itisurgentthat...)tolookafterwildanimals.⑩Let's_together_devote_ourselves_to_protecting_wild_animals(讓我們一起致力于保護野生動物；devote).(二)根據(jù)提示，續(xù)寫語段結(jié)合主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：受到一位穿著黃色馬甲撿拾垃圾的女士(VestLady)的影響，“我”也開始撿垃圾——但是“我”很快意識到一個人的力量是不夠的，于是創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站來號召更多的志愿者加入清除垃圾的行動中來……Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.參考范文：Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.Volunteerscouldbeseenpickinguprubbishintheirsparetime.Theyellowvestsmadebeautifulscenesintheparksoronthestreets.Withourjointefforts,theenvironmentbecamebetterandbetter.Whatdelightedmemostwasthatpeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionwasimproved.Therubbishremovalcampaignwasabigsuccess.ThankstoVestLadywhorootedthesenseofenvironmentalprotectioninmymind,morepeoplebecame“VestLady”．課時作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓練(限時40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·山東濰坊一模)Beingtakenofftheendangeredspecieslistdoesn'tguaranteeacarefreefutureforwhales.RecentresearchestimatesthatthepopulationofPacificgraywhalesoffNorthAmerica'sWestCoasthasdwindledbyalmostaquartersince2016.Startingin2019,alarmingnumbersofdeadgraywhaleswerespottedonbeachesandfloatingoffshorethroughouttheirhabitat,fromMexicotoAlaska.TheNationalMarineFisheriesServicedefineditasan“UnusualMortalityEvent”.UMEsaredeclaredwhena“significantdie－off”occursandwheninformationiscollectedtoclarifywhyitoccurs.TheArctichashistoricallylowlevelsofseaiceinrecentyears,upendingthedelicateecosystemthatsustainsgraywhales.Likeothermigrators,theydon'tfeedontheirwinterbreeding(繁殖)groundsoralongtheirmigration,andmustgainweightduringthesummertosustainthemselvesthroughtherestoftheyear.ObserversusingairphotographynotedthewhaleslookedskinnierandarrivedinMexicoinpoorcondition,whichsuggestedtheywerenotfindingenoughfoodduringthesummer.Thisdie－offisalarminglysimilartotheeventsof20yearsago,whenanotherUMEresultedinasignificantdropinthegraywhalepopulation.Althoughthecausewasultimatelyundetermined,it'sthoughtthatthepopulationreached“carryingcapacity”—itgrewtoolargefortheenvironmenttosupportit.Althoughthatideahasbeensuggestedforthisdie－offaswell,it'smorelikelyblamedonthechangingconditionsoftheArctic.Graywhales,huntedalmosttoextinctionbythemid－20thcentury,wereoneofthefirsttobeprotectedfromhunting.TheEasternNorthPacificpopulationreboundedwithoutpressurefromwhalingandwastakenofftheEndangeredSpeciesList;theWesternNorthPacificpopulationisstilllistedasendangered.Thisdie－offisareminderthat“delisting”doesn'tindicateapopulation'ssecurefuture.Newthreatsarise,climatechangeupendshabitats,andcontinuedmonitoringisneededincaseacrashcomes.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是從瀕危物種名單上被除名并不能保證鯨魚的未來無憂無慮。最近的研究估計，自2016年以來，北美西海岸太平洋灰鯨的數(shù)量減少了近四分之一。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindled”inParagraph1mean?A．Increased. B．Bounced.C．Multiplied. D．Dropped.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Startingin2019,alarmingnumbers...fromMexicotoAlaska.”可知，畫線詞所說的是“自2016年以來，北美西海岸太平洋灰鯨的數(shù)量減少了近四分之一”，因此畫線詞的意思是“減少”，即“Dropped”，故選D。2．Whatwillgraywhalesusuallydoinwinter?A．Consumefewcalories.B．Travelsouthtobreed.C．MarchbacktoAlaska.D．SeekfoodintheArctic.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Likeothermigrators,they...therestoftheyear.”及“Observersusingairphotography...inpoorcondition.”可推斷出，灰鯨在冬天通常會南下到墨西哥繁殖，即“Travelsouthtobreed”，故選B。3．WhatmightbethemaincauseofthecurrentUME?A．Seriousillnesses.B．Seapollution.C．Environmentalchanges.D．Limitedcarryingcapacity.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Althoughthatideahasbeensuggested...changingconditionsoftheArctic.”可知，當前UME的主要原因是環(huán)境的變化。故選C。4．What'stheauthor'sattitudetothe“delisting”？A．Favorable. B．Concerned.C．Intolerant. D．Regretful.解析：選B觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thisdie－offisareminderthat‘delisting’doesn'tindicateapopulation'ssecurefuture.”可知，作者對“除名”的態(tài)度是擔憂的，即“Concerned”，故選B。BGlobalwarmingwillincreasetheriskofriverfloodingoverthecomingdecades,endangeringmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursday.Usingcomputersimulations,researchersinGermanyexaminedtheimpactofchangingrainfallpatternsandfoundthatflooddefenceswillneedtobeimprovedparticularlyintheUnitedStates,partsofIndiaandAfrica,IndonesiaandCentralEurope.Riverfloodsarealreadyoneofthemostwidespread(廣泛的)anddamagingformsofnaturaldisastersworldwide.Additionalprotectivemeasuresincludeenhancingdykes(堤),betterrivermanagement,improvingbuildingstandardsandevenmovingsettlements,accordingtothestudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances.Thenumberofpeopleaffectedbytheworst10percentofriverfloodingwilldoublefrom76millionto156millioninAsiaaloneby2040,saidtheauthorsatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch.InNorthAmericathenumberofpeopleatriskcouldincreasetenfold,from100,000toamillion.“Therealnumbersmightbeevenhigherinthefutureaspopulationgrowthandfurtherurbanization(都市化)arenottakenintoaccount，”theysaid.Researcherssaidevenindevelopedcountrieswithgoodinfrastructuretheneedforadaptationisbig.Theyalsowarnedthattheriskofriverfloodingwillriseregardlessofcurrenteffortstocontrolclimatechangebecauseofgreenhousegasesalreadyemittedinpastdecades.“Still,afailuretokeepglobalwarmingbelow2degreesCelsius(3.7Fahrenheit)mayresultinchangestoriverfloodingpatternsthatpopulationscan'tadaptto，”theauthorssaid.“Thetimehascomewhenlimitingfutureclimatechangemustbeaccompaniedbyadaptingtotheclimatechangethatwehavealreadycaused，”saidAndersLevermann,oneofthestudy'sauthors.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文講述了氣候變暖將會給人類帶來的災(zāi)難，呼吁人們應(yīng)該重視這個問題。)5．Whatwillneedtobedoneinthefuture?A．Takingstepstostrengthenflooddefences.B．Changingrainfallpatternsindifferentplaces.C．Speedinguptheurbanization.D．Limitingthenumberofbuildings.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Usingcomputersimulations,researchersinGermanyexaminedtheimpactofchangingrainfallpatternsandfoundthatflooddefenceswillneedtobeimproved”可知，必須加強防洪措施。6．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“tenfold”inParagraph4?A．Double. B．Quickly.C．Tentimes. D．Slowly.解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“from100,000toamillion”可知，受災(zāi)人數(shù)從10萬增長到100萬，增長到原來的10倍，由此可知tenfold的意思為“十倍”。7．Whywilltheriskofriverfloodingriseinthefuture?A．Therearenoeffectivemeasures.B．Bigcitiesignoreflooddisasters.C．Therewillbealargepopulation.D．Thepastemissionofgreenhousegaseshasabigeffect.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句可知，因為過去幾十年已經(jīng)排放的溫室氣體所造成的影響，河水泛濫的危害在將來還是會增加。8．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Humanbeingswillhavegreatsufferingsinthefuture.B．Theworld'spopulationshouldbecontrolledatonce.C．Goodandeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately.D．Climatechangewilldrivehumansoutoftheearth.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段AndersLevermann所說的話可推知，我們必須采取有效的措施來解決氣候變化問題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2023·廣東省潮州市高三期末考試)Coveringmorethan2,300km,theGreatBarrierReefsheltersover1,000differentfishspecies.__9__Manypeoplehavedivedandhadalookatthem,butfewknowthemlikeValerieTaylor.Valerieandherhusband,RonTaylor,wereamongthefirsttoexploretheGreatBarrierReefonfilm.__10__In1974,HollywoodcamecallingandtheTaylorsfilmedlivesharksequences(連續(xù)鏡頭)forStevenSpielberg'sthrillerJaws(電影《大白鯊》)．Thoughthemovieturnedouttobeagreatsuccess,itchangedthepublicattitudetowardssharks—theywereterrifiedbythem,andevenhatedthemandbegantohuntthem.Shocked,thecouplechangedtheirlivesforeverandtu