2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版必修二Unit6 Earth first學(xué)案

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版必修二Unit6Earthfirst學(xué)案eq\a\vs4\al(分類背單詞)Ⅰ.“妙記”簡(jiǎn)單詞匯1．sharkn． 鯊(魚)2．finv. 切去(魚的)鰭n. 魚鰭3．targetv. 把……作為目標(biāo)4．a(chǎn)ttituden. (尤指通過(guò)行為表現(xiàn)出的對(duì)某事的一般)看法，態(tài)度5．oceann. 海洋，大海6．huntingn. 打獵，狩獵7．staffn. 員工8．damagev. 破損，損害，損傷9．floodn. 洪水，水災(zāi)10．supplyn. (煤氣、電力、自來(lái)水等)供應(yīng)(系統(tǒng))11．solaradj. 利用太陽(yáng)光(能)的12．smogn. 煙霧，霧霾13．fogn. 霧14．falseadj. 不正確的，錯(cuò)誤的15．a(chǎn)mountn. 數(shù)量，數(shù)額16．moden. (機(jī)器、設(shè)備的)運(yùn)行方式，狀態(tài)，模式17．leakv. (使)漏，(使)滲漏18．litren. 升，公升19．a(chǎn)verageadj. 平均(數(shù))的Ⅱ.“勤回首”易忘詞匯1．highlightv. 使……突出，使注意力集中于2．reserven. (野生生物)保護(hù)區(qū)3．droughtn. 旱災(zāi)，干旱4．restorev. 使恢復(fù)5．a(chǎn)doptv. 采取(某種方法)6．bulbn. 燈泡7．renewableadj. (能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢復(fù)的8．carbonn. 碳9．greenhousen. 溫室，暖房10．brochuren. 小冊(cè)子11．releasev. 釋放，排放12．severeadj. (問(wèn)題、傷勢(shì)、疾病等)很嚴(yán)重的13．sliden. 幻燈片14．devicen. 設(shè)備，儀器，裝置15．stand－byadj. 備用的16．a(chǎn)ppliancen. 家用電器，家用器具17．plugn. (電)插頭18．campaignn. (宣傳)活動(dòng)19．canteenn. (工廠、學(xué)校等的)食堂，餐廳Ⅲ.“辨清用準(zhǔn)”形變?cè)~匯1．scarev.使(某人)驚恐，嚇?！鷖caredadj.害怕的，擔(dān)心的→scaryadj.恐怖的；嚇人的2．divev.(通常指使用呼吸設(shè)備的)潛水→divingn．跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)→divern．跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)員；潛水員3．fortunen．運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的；吉利的→fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地4．extinctadj.滅絕的，絕種的→extinctionn.滅絕，絕種5．devotev．致力，獻(xiàn)身，傾注→devotionn．奉獻(xiàn)，專心→devotedadj.專心致志的，忠誠(chéng)的6．crueladj.殘酷的→cruellyadv.殘酷地；非?！鷆rueltyn.殘忍，殘酷，殘暴7．presentv.提出；頒發(fā)；展現(xiàn)；表達(dá)，介紹→presentationn.報(bào)告，(觀點(diǎn)的)陳述，說(shuō)明；展示會(huì)；演示；頒發(fā)8.establishv．建立，設(shè)立→establishmentn．建立，創(chuàng)立9．a(chǎn)ffectv．影響→effectn．影響；結(jié)果→affectionn．喜愛(ài)；鐘愛(ài)10．sustainv．維持(生命、生存)；使保持→sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的，不破壞環(huán)境的→sustainabilityn．耐久性；可持續(xù)性11．reusen．重新使用→reusableadj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的12．reducev．減少，降低→reductionn．減少，降低13．infectv．傳染，使感染→infectionn．感染，傳染病→infectiveadj.傳染性的14．lecturen．(尤指大學(xué)里的)講座，講課，演講→lecturern．講授者；講師15．permitv．允許n．許可證→permissionn．允許，許可16．majoradj.主要的，重要的v．主修→majorityn．多數(shù)，大多數(shù)(人或物)17．electricityn．電→electricadj.電的；用電的→electricaladj.電的；發(fā)電的；與電學(xué)有關(guān)的18．removev．移走，搬走，去掉→removaln．移動(dòng)；消除；搬遷→removableadj.可去除的19．urgev．竭力主張，強(qiáng)烈要求，敦促→urgencyn．緊迫；緊急的事→urgentadj.緊急的；迫切的→urgentlyadv.急迫地；緊急地20．concernn．關(guān)心，擔(dān)心v.使關(guān)心；和……有關(guān)→concernedadj.焦急的，擔(dān)憂的→concerningprep.關(guān)于21．contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)→contributionn．貢獻(xiàn)，捐款Ⅳ.“歸類串記”族群詞匯1．“災(zāi)難”名詞集錦①flood水災(zāi)，洪水②catastrophe大災(zāi)難③typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)④drought旱災(zāi)，干旱⑤earthquake地震⑥tsunami海嘯2．“情緒”形容詞多變①scared驚恐的；害怕的②terrified非常害怕的③frightened害怕的④confident自信的⑤bored無(wú)聊的⑥ashamed羞愧的⑦excited興奮的⑧confused迷惑的3．“允許；禁止”須知①permitv．允許②allowv．允許③admitv.允許④banv．&n.禁止⑤prohibitv.禁止⑥forbidv.禁止eq\a\vs4\al(聯(lián)想積詞塊)Ⅰ.再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)單元內(nèi)詞塊1．in_fear 處于恐懼中2．be_scared_of 害怕……3．due_to 由于，因?yàn)?．cut_off 切斷；中斷；剪掉5．have_a(n)_．.._effect_upon/on 對(duì)……有影響6．see_...as_... 把……看作……7．the_other_way_round_ 相反；相反的情況8．mistake_...for_... 把……誤認(rèn)為……9．break_down 分解；出故障；(談判等)失敗10．up_to 多達(dá)；由……決定11．common_sense 常識(shí)12．take_...into_account 把……考慮進(jìn)去13．call_on 呼吁，號(hào)召；拜訪(某人)14．come_up_with 提出；想出；趕上Ⅱ.類比串記單元外詞塊1．“be＋情感形容詞＋of”的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)bescaredof 害怕……beafraidof 害怕……befrightenedof 害怕……befondof 喜歡……betiredof 厭惡……beashamedof 為……感到羞恥beproudof 為……感到自豪2．“因?yàn)椋捎凇钡南嚓P(guān)短語(yǔ)dueto由于，因?yàn)閠hanksto幸虧；由于becauseof因?yàn)閛wingto因?yàn)?；由于inviewof由于；鑒于onaccountof因?yàn)椋挥捎趀q\a\vs4\al(熟背好句好段)Ⅰ.背好句——一句點(diǎn)亮篇1．形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)教材原句Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.由于害怕遇上電影里描繪的這種可怕生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了。推薦佳句①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Shockedandproud,theirmothersaidinasweetwhisper,“Thanks,mykids.Ireallyappreciatewhatyouhavedoneforme！”他們的母親既震驚又驕傲，愉快地低聲說(shuō)道：“謝謝，我的孩子們。我真的很感激你們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺校　雹贒evotedandunited,ChinesepeopleareworkingforanewChina.中國(guó)人民團(tuán)結(jié)一心，為建設(shè)新中國(guó)而奮斗。2．倍數(shù)表達(dá)法教材原句However,makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.然而，生產(chǎn)紙袋的耗能為塑料袋的四倍，耗水則多達(dá)三倍。推薦佳句①Aslongasyoudevotetwicemoretimeandenergythanyoudidbefore,Ibelieveyouaresuretomakegreatprogress.只要你投入比以前多兩倍的時(shí)間和精力，我相信你一定會(huì)取得很大的進(jìn)步。②(新教材北師大版選擇性必修1佳句)Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1,000timesfasterthannormal.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致物種滅亡的速度是正常滅亡速度的1000倍。Ⅱ.背好段——細(xì)節(jié)見功夫形體描寫之“面”Afterawhile,Ifeltsomethingawakingmefromsleep.Itwaswarmbreathhittingmerightintheface.Islowlyopenedmyeyesandsawasweet－lookingfacecoveredinwhiteandgoldfur.Itspinknosewasbreathingonme,anditsbig,browneyeswerelookingatmewithlove.Ismiledandsaid,“Hello,Fluffy.”Suddenlymyfacewascoveredindogkisses.Ihuggedhisneck,pattedhishead,scratchedhisbellyandlaughedashecontinuedtoshowermewithhislove.過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，我感到有什么東西把我從睡夢(mèng)中喚醒。那是溫暖的呼吸，撲面而來(lái)。我慢慢睜開眼睛，看到一張?zhí)鹈赖哪槪厦娓采w著白色和金色的毛發(fā)。它粉紅色的鼻子在嗅著我的身體，棕色的大眼睛帶著愛(ài)看著我。我笑著說(shuō)：“你好，毛毛?！蓖蝗?，它狂吻著我的臉。伴隨著它繼續(xù)向我傾訴愛(ài)，我擁抱它的脖子，輕拍它的頭，撓撓它的肚子，笑著。[點(diǎn)評(píng)]本段中從“face,eyes,nose”等與面部相關(guān)的部位進(jìn)行描述，形象地刻畫了主人和寵物狗之間的溫馨互動(dòng)畫面。同時(shí)，作者也動(dòng)用了觸覺(jué)、視覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)和聽覺(jué)等各種感官進(jìn)行生動(dòng)地描寫。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Fortunately(幸運(yùn)地)forthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.2．(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)June8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay,whoseaimistoraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingoceans(海洋).3．(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff(員工),oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.4．(2022·北京高考)Oneday,Iattendedapresentation(報(bào)告)bywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.5．(2022·浙江1月高考)Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricity(電)ismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier.6．Ittakesalongtimetorestore(使恢復(fù))natureonceitisdamaged.7．Mysistermethimatthecinemayesterdayafternoon,sohecouldn'thaveattendedyourlecture(講座)．8．Itreallyseemedagesbeforethepolicecameonthesceneandclearedawaythedamaged(破損的)cars.9．Thecampaign(活動(dòng))isdesignedtoincreasepublicawarenessoftheissues.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2022·北京高考)Wemaynothaveanydiseasebutstillhaveaweakbody,whichisreadyto_be_targeted(target)byviruses.2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staffincarehomeshavereportedareduction(reduce)intheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwas_established(establish).4．(2022·浙江1月高考)Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylifewas_affected(affect).5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandideaandcalledBetsy'sdadwiththeirpermission(permit)．6．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcerned(concern)thattheydecidedtopayhuntersD|S5atail.7．Jackiehas_been_devoted(devote)tovoluntaryworkeversincehegraduatedfromcollege.Ⅲ.選詞填空breakdown,haveaneffecton,cutoff,dueto,callon,infear,theotherwayround,take...intoaccount1．Ourwatersupplyhasbeencut_offforthepastweek.2．Isittheyearswhenyouworkedinthefactorythathave_an_effect_onyourliteraryworks?3．Thelittlegirlyelledin_fearatthesightofthehugesnake.4．I'dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemysuggestionsinto_account.Idohopemytipswillbehelpfultoyou.5．Thoughtheprogramwaswelldesigned，cooperationbetweenthetwocompanieseventuallybroke_downbecauseneitherofthemwaswillingtomakeacompromise.6．Due_totheapplicationofthismedicaltechnology，somediseasescanbetreatedattheearlystage.7．Thegovernmentcalls_ontheyouthtodonatetheirbloodvoluntarily.8．You'dthinkyouweretheonewhodidmethefavor,andnotthe_other_way_round.Ⅳ.多維表達(dá)(按要求完成句子)1．(完成句子)Not_only_does_she_treatusfriendlybut_(also)_she_teachesinahumorousway.她不但對(duì)我們很友好，而且還用一種很幽默的方式教學(xué)。2．(完成句子)Shehurriedupthesteps,nervous_and_pale.她匆忙走上臺(tái)階，神情緊張，臉色蒼白。3．(完成句子)Everything_taken_into_account,_wewouldn'thavemadethismistake.如果把一切都考慮進(jìn)去，我們就不會(huì)犯這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤了。4．(完成句子)Differentteachersmake_different_contributions_toastudent'sgrowth.不同的教師在學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中做著不同的貢獻(xiàn)。5．(一句多譯)我們學(xué)校最近修建了一個(gè)新體育館，它是原來(lái)的兩倍大。①Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently,whichistwice_as_large_asthepreviousone.(large)②Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently,whichistwice_larger_thanthepreviousone.(larger)③Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently,whichistwice_the_size_ofthepreviousone.(size)1．scarev．使(某人)驚恐，嚇唬(1)scaresb.intodoingsth. 威脅/恐嚇某人做某事scaresb.todeath 使某人大受驚嚇/嚇得要死scare...away/off 把……嚇跑(2)scaredadj. 害怕的，恐懼的，擔(dān)心的bescaredofsb./sth. 害怕某人或某物bescaredofdoingsth.＝bescaredtodosth. 害怕做某事(3)scaryadj. 令人害怕的；嚇人的[演繹法練通](單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Seeingmanycarsgoingupanddownthestreet,theboyswerescaredto_cross(cross)thestreet.②Thesilenceinthedarkbuildingwasscary(scare).Nosoundandvoicewasheardatthatmoment.③Shetriestoscarethechildintobehavingwell.④Havingmademistakes,heis_scared_offacinghisstrictteacher.他犯了錯(cuò)，不敢去面對(duì)嚴(yán)厲的老師。2．devotev．致力，獻(xiàn)身，傾注(1)devote...to... 獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于……bedevotedto 專心于，致力于(2)devotionn. 奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠(chéng)devotionto 對(duì)……的忠誠(chéng)/關(guān)愛(ài)[演繹法練通](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Herstoryisaremarkableexampleofhowhardworkanddevotion(devote)canleadtosportingexcellence.②Forexample,teachersinremoteruralareasaredevotedtochanging(change)thelivesofthepeoplewithlessaccesstotheadvantagesenjoyedbymanyothers.③(2022·浙江1月高考)Idecidedto_devote_myself_tothetaskofworkingwiththesubjects,whilehedevelopedthescientificmodel.我決定全身心地投入到研究課題的工作中，而他則開發(fā)了科學(xué)模型。④(2022·北京高考)Itisimportantforeveryoneto_devote_some_time_tohealthandfitness.對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，花些時(shí)間在健康和健身方面是很重要的。(2)句式升級(jí)⑤BecauseLucyisdevotedtowritingwhatshehasreflectedoninlife,shehasbeenrecognizedasaLuXun.→Devoted_to_writing_what_she_has_reflected_on_in_life,_shehasbeenrecognizedasaLuXun.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)→Devoting_herself_to_writing_what_she_has_reflected_on_in_life,_shehasbeenrecognizedasaLuXun.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)(1)devote用作及物動(dòng)詞，后面的賓語(yǔ)可以是time,life,money,energy，也可以是oneself，作狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)時(shí)用－ing形式；bedevotedto結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用－ed形式。(2)devote...to...中的to為介詞，后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞等。eq\a\vs4\al([名師指津])3．majorityn．多數(shù)，大多數(shù)(人或物)(單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Whentheheadmasterspokeouthisplan,themajority(major)ofthestudentsintheclasswereagainstit.②Themajorityofthebuildingswere(be)builtinthe1970s.③Themajoritywas/were(be)infavourofthesuggestionatthemeetingheldyesterday.④So,itmaybeonlyaminority(minor)ofyoungpeoplewhoplayclassicalinstruments.⑤HowIwishIhad_majored_in_medicineinsteadofhistorywhenIwasatcollege!我多么希望我在大學(xué)時(shí)主修的是醫(yī)學(xué)而不是歷史！[歸納法記牢](1)a/themajorityof... 大多數(shù)……beinthe/amajority 占多數(shù)(2)majoradj. 主要的；主修的n. 主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi. 主修majorin 主修(3)minoradj. 較小的；次要的minorityn. 少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族[名師指津](1)“themajorityof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。(2)當(dāng)majority后面不接of短語(yǔ)時(shí)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。4．urgev．竭力主張，強(qiáng)烈要求，敦促n.強(qiáng)烈的愿望；沖動(dòng)(1)urgesb.todosth. 敦促某人做某事urgethatsb.(should)dosth. 強(qiáng)烈要求/極力主張某人做某事Itisurgedthatsb.(should)dosth. 強(qiáng)烈要求某人做某事(2)haveanurgetodosth. 有做某事的強(qiáng)烈愿望(3)urgentadj. 緊急的，急迫的Itisurgentthat... 強(qiáng)烈要求……(4)urgencyn. 緊迫，緊急的事[演繹法練通](單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird－degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.②Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimto_continue(continue),butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.③Becauseofallthisextratime,therewasnosenseofurgency(urge)todomyschoolworkimmediately.④Hearingthatyou'llgiveusalectureaboutwesternartandwanttohearouropinions,Ifeel_an_urge_to_make_my_voice_heard.聽說(shuō)您要給我們做一個(gè)關(guān)于西方藝術(shù)的講座，想聽聽我們的意見，我有一種想發(fā)表意見的沖動(dòng)。⑤Itisurgedthatimmediatemeasures(should)be_taken_to_stopthesituation.敦促立即采取措施，制止這種情況。⑥Itisurgentthatall_the_students_(should)_participate_inthewinterlong－distancerunningactivity.強(qiáng)烈要求所有的學(xué)生都應(yīng)該參加冬季長(zhǎng)跑活動(dòng)。eq\a\vs4\al([名師指津])(1)urge后接that從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，這里的“動(dòng)詞原形”為“do”或“bedone”的形式，should可以省略。(2)It＋be＋urgent/important/strange/natural/necessary...＋that...句式中，that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)部分需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，should可以省略。5．concernedadj.焦急的，擔(dān)憂的；相關(guān)的；關(guān)注的；感興趣的(單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Hecalledthepolicebecausehewasconcernedabout/formysafety.②Honestlyspeaking,Ihavenoconcernwiththematter.③Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerning(concern)thefutureofthecompany.④As/So_far_as_I'm_concerned,_themoreyoupractisepaper－cutting,thebetteryouwillbecomeatit.就我個(gè)人而言，你剪紙練習(xí)得越多，你就會(huì)越擅長(zhǎng)。⑤The_concerned_parentswereallconcerned_aboutthechildren'ssafety.憂心忡忡的家長(zhǎng)們都擔(dān)心孩子們的安危。[歸納法記牢](1)beconcernedabout/for... 關(guān)心/擔(dān)心……beconcernedwith/in 與……有關(guān)as/sofarassb.beconcerned 就某人而言；某人認(rèn)為(2)concernvt. (使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n. 擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系havenoconcernwith... 和……無(wú)關(guān)(3)concerningprep. 關(guān)于；涉及[名師指津]concerned作前置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意為“擔(dān)心的；關(guān)心的”；作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意為“有關(guān)的”。例如：concernedparents憂心忡忡的家長(zhǎng)；theauthoritiesconcerned相關(guān)權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)。6．contributev．促成，造成(某事發(fā)生)；捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)(單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Thecontribution(contribute)hemadetothevillagewasgreat,sohebecameverypopularamongthevillagers.②Whilejokesarelikelytocontributetoapleasantatmosphere,you'vegottobecarefulnottohurtothers.③Someadvertisementsnowadaysaimtomakea_contribution_to/contributions_tosocietyandwelfare.現(xiàn)在一些廣告的目的在于為社會(huì)和福利做貢獻(xiàn)。④Everyoneiswillingtocontribute_food_and_clothes_tothehomelesspeople.每個(gè)人都愿意為無(wú)家可歸的人捐獻(xiàn)食物和衣服。[歸納法記牢](1)contributeto 有助于；促使；導(dǎo)致contribute...to... 向……捐獻(xiàn)/捐贈(zèng)……(2)contributionn. 貢獻(xiàn)；捐款makeacontribution/contributionsto... 對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn)7．take...intoaccount把……考慮進(jìn)去(1)accountn． 描述；理由；賬戶v. 認(rèn)為是，認(rèn)為takeaccountof 考慮，顧及giveanaccountof 描述，敘述onaccountof 由于，因?yàn)閛nnoaccount 決不(位于句首，句子要用部分倒裝)(2)accountfor 解釋，說(shuō)明(……的原因)；(在數(shù)量上)占……(比例)[演繹法練通](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空/句式升級(jí)①Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyrequestintoaccount.②Thecompanytakesaccountofenvironmentalissueswhereverpossible.③(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.④Onlywhenyougiveseriousconsiderationtotheirpointsofviewwillyoubeabletoseewhataccountsfortheiremotionsandempathizewiththem.⑤Youngpeopleshouldonnoaccountneglecttheirdailyphysicalexercises.→On_no_account_should_young_people_neglect_theirdailyphysicalexercises.(倒裝句)(2)一句多譯把所有的因素考慮進(jìn)去，我們都認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好的提議。⑥Taking_all_the_factors_into_account,_weallthinkthisisagoodsuggestion.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))⑦All_the_factors_taken_into_account,_weallthinkthisisagoodsuggestion.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ))⑧With_all_the_factors_taken_into_account,_weallthinkthisisagoodsuggestion.(用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ))8．callon呼吁，號(hào)召；拜訪(某人)callonsb.todosth. 呼吁某人做某事callfor 要求，需要；提倡callup 給……打電話；召集calloff 取消callat 拜訪(某地)callin 邀請(qǐng)[演繹法練通](單句語(yǔ)法填空)①Anoldfriendofhiscalledonhimathisofficeyesterdayafternoon.②Thelocalgovernmenthastakenactiontocallonpeopleto_plant(plant)trees.③Thejobcalledforallmyresourcesofenergyandpatience.④Tonight'sgamehasbeencalledoffbecauseofbadweather.⑤HecalledheruponedayandsaidthatheandhiswifewerecomingtoNewYork.⑥Theydecidedtocallinadoctor,becausethechildwasnobetter.1．形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)(1)形容詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，說(shuō)明句子主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，可以表示方式、原因或伴隨等。(2)形容詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開。(3)如果用來(lái)修飾句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，則應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。先學(xué)通(通過(guò)題點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練把握用法規(guī)則)(單句語(yǔ)法填空)①Toourrelief,themissingchildreturnedhometendayslater,tiredbuthealthy(health)．②Surprised(surprise)andhappy,hestoodupandacceptedtheprize.③Surprisingly(surprise),theaveragestudentshouldgetfullmarksintheexam.④Ifoundthehomelessmanlyingonthestreetcornerinthefreezingcoldwind,dead(die)．再寫美(通過(guò)句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)⑤我只希望不管特雷弗在哪里，他都能平平安安回家。AllI'mhopingforisthatwhereverTrevoris,he_will_come_home_safe_and_sound.⑥渴望知道外面在發(fā)生什么，一些學(xué)生不時(shí)地向窗外張望。Eager_to_know_what_was_happening_outside,_somestudentswereconstantlylookingoutofthewindow.2．倍數(shù)表達(dá)法倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的三個(gè)基本句型和四個(gè)特殊句型(1)三個(gè)基本句型：①倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)＋as；②倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)＋than；③倍數(shù)＋the＋度量名詞(size,length,height,depth,weight,width...)＋of。(2)四個(gè)特殊句型：①倍數(shù)＋asmany/much＋名詞＋as；②倍數(shù)＋more＋名詞＋than；③倍數(shù)＋that/thoseof；④倍數(shù)＋what從句。先學(xué)通(通過(guò)題點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練把握用法規(guī)則)(單句語(yǔ)法填空)①Thenewbuildingisfourtimeshigher(high)thantheoldone.②Thereisfourtimesasmuchwaterinthispotasinthatone.③Inthisworkshop,theoutputofJulywas4.5timesthatofJanuary.④Thisstreetisfourtimesthelength(long)ofthatone.再寫美(通過(guò)句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)⑤這條路是三年前的兩倍寬。(what)Thewidthoftheroadistwice_what_it_was_three_years_ago.⑥在面積上，這個(gè)城市是那個(gè)城市的三倍大。(倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞＋of...)Thecityis_three_times_the_size_of_thatcity.1．賞用詞與場(chǎng)景之美Weseeawomanswimmingatnightinadarksea.Suddenly,sheispulledunderwater.Shesurfaces,criesinfear,thendisappearsforever.賞析：本段文字為電影《大白鯊》的開場(chǎng)畫面，呈現(xiàn)了鯊魚攻擊人類的一幕?！皊wimmingatnightinadarksea”讓讀者仿佛看到了夜晚在漆黑的大海上一位女士在游泳的畫面，這一場(chǎng)景的渲染為下文要發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)的事情作了鋪墊；“Suddenly”一詞的運(yùn)用讓讀者的心開始懸起來(lái)；“ispulledunderwater,surfaces,criesinfear,thendisappearsforever”這些詞語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用，讓讀者看到了一個(gè)驚心動(dòng)魄的畫面，仿佛身臨其境，心情久久不能平靜。2．賞結(jié)構(gòu)之美Itseemslikecommonsense：eatinglocalfoodshouldbebetterfortheenvironment,becauseitdoesnotneedtobetransportedlongdistancesandkeptcoldduringtransport.Unfortunately,itisnotthatsimple.Itistheproductionoffood,notitstransport,thatusesmostoftheenergyandproducesmostofthegreenhousegases.Insomecases,localproducemighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthanproducegrownalongwayaway—eventakingintoaccountitstransport.賞析：本段文字主要是敘述本地農(nóng)產(chǎn)品未必環(huán)保。本段句式結(jié)構(gòu)豐富多彩，靈活多變，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔有力。“It”為形式主語(yǔ)，“eatinglocalfood”為動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，“tobetransportedlongdistancesandkeptcold...”為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，“Itistheproductionoffood,notitstransport,that...”為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，“mighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthan...”為比較級(jí)的靈活運(yùn)用，“grown...”為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾“produce”，“eventakingintoaccount...”為獨(dú)立成分作狀語(yǔ)。(一)用本單元知識(shí)完成下列語(yǔ)段主題語(yǔ)境——保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物Mostpeopleareafraidof(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：①are_scared_of)tigers,alwaysholdingthebeliefthattheyaredangerous,butsometigerssuchasSiberiantigers②are_endangered(endanger).Itisestimatedthattherearecurrentlylessthan35SiberiantigersinChina.Obviously,theyareonthebrinkof③extinction(extinct),asisthecasewithnumbersofwildanimals.Whyaresomanywildanimalssuffering?First,somepoachersaimat(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：④target_at)wildanimalsfortheirmeatandskins,whichleadsto(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：⑤contributes_to)theirdyingout.Ofcourse,thatisnotonlybecauseof(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：⑥due_to)huntingbutalsohumans'destroyingwildanimals'habitatsorlivingenvironmentextremelyseriously(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：⑦severely).Protectingwildanimalsmeanskeepingthebalanceofnature,whichbenefitswildlifeaswellashumans.Onlywhenwelearn⑧to_coexist_in_harmony_with_nature(與自然界和諧共存；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ))canwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.So⑨it_is_urgent_that_everyone_should_adopt_proper_ways(迫切需要每個(gè)人采用適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ǎ籭tisurgentthat...)tolookafterwildanimals.⑩Let's_together_devote_ourselves_to_protecting_wild_animals(讓我們一起致力于保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物；devote).(二)根據(jù)提示，續(xù)寫語(yǔ)段結(jié)合主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語(yǔ)和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個(gè)80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：受到一位穿著黃色馬甲撿拾垃圾的女士(VestLady)的影響，“我”也開始撿垃圾——但是“我”很快意識(shí)到一個(gè)人的力量是不夠的，于是創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站來(lái)號(hào)召更多的志愿者加入清除垃圾的行動(dòng)中來(lái)……Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.參考范文：Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.Volunteerscouldbeseenpickinguprubbishintheirsparetime.Theyellowvestsmadebeautifulscenesintheparksoronthestreets.Withourjointefforts,theenvironmentbecamebetterandbetter.Whatdelightedmemostwasthatpeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionwasimproved.Therubbishremovalcampaignwasabigsuccess.ThankstoVestLadywhorootedthesenseofenvironmentalprotectioninmymind,morepeoplebecame“VestLady”．課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·山東濰坊一模)Beingtakenofftheendangeredspecieslistdoesn'tguaranteeacarefreefutureforwhales.RecentresearchestimatesthatthepopulationofPacificgraywhalesoffNorthAmerica'sWestCoasthasdwindledbyalmostaquartersince2016.Startingin2019,alarmingnumbersofdeadgraywhaleswerespottedonbeachesandfloatingoffshorethroughouttheirhabitat,fromMexicotoAlaska.TheNationalMarineFisheriesServicedefineditasan“UnusualMortalityEvent”.UMEsaredeclaredwhena“significantdie－off”occursandwheninformationiscollectedtoclarifywhyitoccurs.TheArctichashistoricallylowlevelsofseaiceinrecentyears,upendingthedelicateecosystemthatsustainsgraywhales.Likeothermigrators,theydon'tfeedontheirwinterbreeding(繁殖)groundsoralongtheirmigration,andmustgainweightduringthesummertosustainthemselvesthroughtherestoftheyear.ObserversusingairphotographynotedthewhaleslookedskinnierandarrivedinMexicoinpoorcondition,whichsuggestedtheywerenotfindingenoughfoodduringthesummer.Thisdie－offisalarminglysimilartotheeventsof20yearsago,whenanotherUMEresultedinasignificantdropinthegraywhalepopulation.Althoughthecausewasultimatelyundetermined,it'sthoughtthatthepopulationreached“carryingcapacity”—itgrewtoolargefortheenvironmenttosupportit.Althoughthatideahasbeensuggestedforthisdie－offaswell,it'smorelikelyblamedonthechangingconditionsoftheArctic.Graywhales,huntedalmosttoextinctionbythemid－20thcentury,wereoneofthefirsttobeprotectedfromhunting.TheEasternNorthPacificpopulationreboundedwithoutpressurefromwhalingandwastakenofftheEndangeredSpeciesList;theWesternNorthPacificpopulationisstilllistedasendangered.Thisdie－offisareminderthat“delisting”doesn'tindicateapopulation'ssecurefuture.Newthreatsarise,climatechangeupendshabitats,andcontinuedmonitoringisneededincaseacrashcomes.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是從瀕危物種名單上被除名并不能保證鯨魚的未來(lái)無(wú)憂無(wú)慮。最近的研究估計(jì)，自2016年以來(lái)，北美西海岸太平洋灰鯨的數(shù)量減少了近四分之一。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindled”inParagraph1mean?A．Increased. B．Bounced.C．Multiplied. D．Dropped.解析：選D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Startingin2019,alarmingnumbers...fromMexicotoAlaska.”可知，畫線詞所說(shuō)的是“自2016年以來(lái)，北美西海岸太平洋灰鯨的數(shù)量減少了近四分之一”，因此畫線詞的意思是“減少”，即“Dropped”，故選D。2．Whatwillgraywhalesusuallydoinwinter?A．Consumefewcalories.B．Travelsouthtobreed.C．MarchbacktoAlaska.D．SeekfoodintheArctic.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Likeothermigrators,they...therestoftheyear.”及“Observersusingairphotography...inpoorcondition.”可推斷出，灰鯨在冬天通常會(huì)南下到墨西哥繁殖，即“Travelsouthtobreed”，故選B。3．WhatmightbethemaincauseofthecurrentUME?A．Seriousillnesses.B．Seapollution.C．Environmentalchanges.D．Limitedcarryingcapacity.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Althoughthatideahasbeensuggested...changingconditionsoftheArctic.”可知，當(dāng)前UME的主要原因是環(huán)境的變化。故選C。4．What'stheauthor'sattitudetothe“delisting”？A．Favorable. B．Concerned.C．Intolerant. D．Regretful.解析：選B觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thisdie－offisareminderthat‘delisting’doesn'tindicateapopulation'ssecurefuture.”可知，作者對(duì)“除名”的態(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的，即“Concerned”，故選B。BGlobalwarmingwillincreasetheriskofriverfloodingoverthecomingdecades,endangeringmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursday.Usingcomputersimulations,researchersinGermanyexaminedtheimpactofchangingrainfallpatternsandfoundthatflooddefenceswillneedtobeimprovedparticularlyintheUnitedStates,partsofIndiaandAfrica,IndonesiaandCentralEurope.Riverfloodsarealreadyoneofthemostwidespread(廣泛的)anddamagingformsofnaturaldisastersworldwide.Additionalprotectivemeasuresincludeenhancingdykes(堤),betterrivermanagement,improvingbuildingstandardsandevenmovingsettlements,accordingtothestudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances.Thenumberofpeopleaffectedbytheworst10percentofriverfloodingwilldoublefrom76millionto156millioninAsiaaloneby2040,saidtheauthorsatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearch.InNorthAmericathenumberofpeopleatriskcouldincreasetenfold,from100,000toamillion.“Therealnumbersmightbeevenhigherinthefutureaspopulationgrowthandfurtherurbanization(都市化)arenottakenintoaccount，”theysaid.Researcherssaidevenindevelopedcountrieswithgoodinfrastructuretheneedforadaptationisbig.Theyalsowarnedthattheriskofriverfloodingwillriseregardlessofcurrenteffortstocontrolclimatechangebecauseofgreenhousegasesalreadyemittedinpastdecades.“Still,afailuretokeepglobalwarmingbelow2degreesCelsius(3.7Fahrenheit)mayresultinchangestoriverfloodingpatternsthatpopulationscan'tadaptto，”theauthorssaid.“Thetimehascomewhenlimitingfutureclimatechangemustbeaccompaniedbyadaptingtotheclimatechangethatwehavealreadycaused，”saidAndersLevermann,oneofthestudy'sauthors.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文講述了氣候變暖將會(huì)給人類帶來(lái)的災(zāi)難，呼吁人們應(yīng)該重視這個(gè)問(wèn)題。)5．Whatwillneedtobedoneinthefuture?A．Takingstepstostrengthenflooddefences.B．Changingrainfallpatternsindifferentplaces.C．Speedinguptheurbanization.D．Limitingthenumberofbuildings.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Usingcomputersimulations,researchersinGermanyexaminedtheimpactofchangingrainfallpatternsandfoundthatflooddefenceswillneedtobeimproved”可知，必須加強(qiáng)防洪措施。6．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“tenfold”inParagraph4?A．Double. B．Quickly.C．Tentimes. D．Slowly.解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“from100,000toamillion”可知，受災(zāi)人數(shù)從10萬(wàn)增長(zhǎng)到100萬(wàn)，增長(zhǎng)到原來(lái)的10倍，由此可知tenfold的意思為“十倍”。7．Whywilltheriskofriverfloodingriseinthefuture?A．Therearenoeffectivemeasures.B．Bigcitiesignoreflooddisasters.C．Therewillbealargepopulation.D．Thepastemissionofgreenhousegaseshasabigeffect.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句可知，因?yàn)檫^(guò)去幾十年已經(jīng)排放的溫室氣體所造成的影響，河水泛濫的危害在將來(lái)還是會(huì)增加。8．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Humanbeingswillhavegreatsufferingsinthefuture.B．Theworld'spopulationshouldbecontrolledatonce.C．Goodandeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately.D．Climatechangewilldrivehumansoutoftheearth.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段AndersLevermann所說(shuō)的話可推知，我們必須采取有效的措施來(lái)解決氣候變化問(wèn)題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2023·廣東省潮州市高三期末考試)Coveringmorethan2,300km,theGreatBarrierReefsheltersover1,000differentfishspecies.__9__Manypeoplehavedivedandhadalookatthem,butfewknowthemlikeValerieTaylor.Valerieandherhusband,RonTaylor,wereamongthefirsttoexploretheGreatBarrierReefonfilm.__10__In1974,HollywoodcamecallingandtheTaylorsfilmedlivesharksequences(連續(xù)鏡頭)forStevenSpielberg'sthrillerJaws(電影《大白鯊》)．Thoughthemovieturnedouttobeagreatsuccess,itchangedthepublicattitudetowardssharks—theywereterrifiedbythem,andevenhatedthemandbegantohuntthem.Shocked,thecouplechangedtheirlivesforeverandtu