江西省贛州市部分學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期4月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

高三英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上，選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。4.本試卷主要命題范圍：高考范圍第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whichticketoptiondoesthemantake?A.Firstclass.B.Secondclass.C.Businessclass.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeavacation.B.Finishworkontime.C.Findanassistant.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.TheInternet.C.Asearchengine.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapostoffice.B.Inagrocerystore.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Interesting.B.Exciting.C.Disappointing.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesthewomanusuallydoonSaturdays?A.Spendtimewithherfriends.B.Gotothegymtodoexercise.C.Payavisittohergrandmother.7.Whenwillthewomanpractiseherguitar?A.ThisSaturday.B.ThisSunday.C.NextTuesday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whattimeisthewoman’swatchnow?A.4:50.B.5:50.C.6:30.9.Howwillthespeakersgototheairport?A.Byunderground.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny11.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Gobiking.B.Playfootball.C.Dothecleaning12.Whichteamdoesthemanlikebest?A.StateCollege.B.StateYouthTeam.C.St.Martins.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdidthemandobeforegoingtotheAntarctic?A.Hereceivedspecialtraining.B.Hetaughtsomecouplesalesson.C.Hewroteanarticleaboutsurviving.14.Whatwastheworstdangerfortheman?A.Fallingintoicyholes.B.Lackingmunication.C.ingacrossastrongwind.15.Whatwasinthebox?A.Somecannedfood.B.Freshmeat.C.Vegetables.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Guideandtraveler.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisBirdsontheWingmainlyabout?A.Greekhistory.B.Anisland’sculture.C.Alovestory.18.WhyshouldyoubookforTuesday’sentertainmentnow?A.Itwillofferdiscountsforitstickets.B.Thenumberofparticipantsislimited.C.DianaFransenneedstomakepreparations.19.WhatcanyouenjoyonWednesday?A.Dance.B.Drumming.C.Jazzmusic.20.WhoisLeslieAger?A.Thedirectorofaband.B.Anindependentsinger.C.Anexcellentguitarist.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestSleepMusicAppsIfyouwanttosleepbetteratnight,tryingasleepmusicappmightbetheanswer.Herearesomeidealsleepmusicappstochoosefrom.CalmCalmisoneofthemostpopularsleepmusicappsanditslargelibraryofrelaxingandsleepcausingtracksislargelyresponsibleforthat.Thisappoffersafreeversion,buttoreallytakeadvantageofwhatCalmhastooffer,youhadbetterchoosethepaidversion,whichcosts$69.99foroneyear.Alifetimemembershipis$399.99.RelaxMelodiesRelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalmyourmindwithrelaxingsound.Theposerisvisualandeasytouse,andtheDiscoverpagegivesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestoriesandbreathingexercises.Thoughitsfreeversionprovidesagreatintroductiontotheideaofsleepmusic,thepaidversionunlocksalargerlibraryofsounds.Considerpayingforitifthere'reparticularsoundsorfeaturesthatreallyattractyou.HeadspaceHeadspaceisafeaturerichappdesignedinasimplewaythatmakesitquickandeasytouseitslibraryofsleepspecificmusic.TheSleepiconatthebottomoftheappiseasytoidentifyandleadstoalibraryofoptionsthatincludeSleepMusicandSleepRadio.It'sworthnotingthatnearlyeverythinginHeadspace'sSleepLibraryrequiresanextrasubscription.Headspacecosts$69.99annually,oryoucanpay$12.99permonth.PzizzPzizzofferssleepmusictracksyoucanuseatnaptime,bedtime,ortoimprovefocus.OnethingthatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofacalmingvoicetobefortingorbenefitfromsomeonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyandmind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleandfemalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthevoiceislowandcalm.Ithasafreeversionbutyoushouldpayforextrasubscriptions.1.Whichappallowsyoutobinesleepmusicwithbreathingexercises?A.Calm. B.Headspace. C.Pzizz. D.RelaxMelodies.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayatleastfortheoneyearsubscriptionofHeadspace?A.$12.99. B.$69.99. C.$155.88. D.$399.99.3.WhatisspecialaboutPzizz?A.Itsvoicefornarrationisfixed. B.Itprovideslowandcalmmusic.C.Itoffersvoicenarrationoptions. D.Itsfocusissleepspecificmusic.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四種睡眠音樂(lè)應(yīng)用軟件?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RelaxMelodies部分“RelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalmyourmindwithrelaxingsound.Theposerisvisualandeasytouse,andtheDiscoverpagegivesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestoriesandbreathingexercises.(放松旋律旨在用放松的聲音讓你的頭腦平靜下來(lái)。作曲家是可視化的，易于使用，探索頁(yè)面讓你可以訪問(wèn)其他應(yīng)用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸練習(xí)。)”可知，RelaxMelodies不僅提供睡眠音樂(lè)，而且向用戶分享呼吸練習(xí)技巧。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Headspace部分“Headspacecosts$69.99annually,oryoucanpay$12.99permonth.(Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。)”可知，Headspace一年的訂閱費(fèi)用至少是69.99美元。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pzizz部分“OnethingthatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofacalmingvoicetobefortingorbenefitfromsomeonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyandmind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleandfemalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthevoiceislowandcalm.(讓Pzizz與眾不同的一點(diǎn)是它的聲音敘事選項(xiàng)。如果你覺(jué)得有人幫助你放松身心會(huì)讓你感到安慰或受益，那么Pzizz是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。男聲和女聲可選，聲音低沉而平靜。)”可知，Pzizz的特別之處是它提供多種旁白音的選擇。故選C項(xiàng)。BItsoundsimpossiblefora500poundbeartobreakintoahousethroughasmallwindow.ButtheanimalknownasHanktheTankisnoordinarybear:Hehasusedhisextraordinarystrengthtoforceintoatleast28garagesinSouthLakeTahoeandisresponsiblefor152reportsofconflictbehaviorwiththelocalpeopleoverthepastsevenmonths.“Thissmartbeardoesnotbreakintoagaragewheretrashiskept,”thepolicedepartmentsaidinastatement.“Hehangsoutintheneighborhoodquiteoftenbecausehehasbeencontinuouslyrewardedwithfoodstoredingarages.”Themostrecentincidentoccurredlatelastweek,whenlocalpoliceofficerswerecalledtoahomeonCatalinaDrivewhenHankbrokeintoanothergarageandthepolicedepartmenthasplannedaspecialtrappingefforttoremoveHanktheTankfromtheneighborhood.Afterhe’scaught,itwilldecidewhetherhecanbeplacedinacontrolledhabitatorwhetherheshouldbekilled.“WehopethatHankcanavoidthesadendingofanotherfamousbearfromtheTahoearea,”itsaid.LikeHanktheTank,the500poundbearnamedtheSafewayBearhadlostitsfearofpeople.ItwasknownfordrivingawayKingsBeachgettogethers,helpingitselftoabirthdaycakeandothertreats.In2020,itwascaughtoncamerastealingfoodfromagrocerystoreatLakeTahoe’snorthernshore.ThebearwaseventuallytrappedandsenttoaremotewildhabitatinElDoradoCounty.Itstrackingcollarwasfoundinthewoodsinthespringof2021,leadingbiologiststohopethatithadsuccessfullygottenusedtoanaturaldietandlostweight,allowingthecollartoslipoff.Butthetruthwasveryheartbreaking.Thebigbearwasreducedtoashellofitsformerselfandwaskilledatacampgroundwhereafamilygatheringincludedsmallchildren.“Theactionoftheshooterwasthemosthumaneouteforthisbear,”saidoneofthebiologists.4.Whatdothepoliceofficersprobablysuggestthepublicdo?A.Avoidmixingfoodleftoverswithgarbage.B.Replacesmallwindowswithbiggerones.C.CallthepoliceoncetheyseeHanktheTank.D.Putfoodoutsidetohelpthetrappingeffort.5.WherewastheSafewayBearsent?A.ElDoradoCounty. B.KingsBeach.C.CatalinaDrive. D.LakeTahoe.6.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheSafewayBear?A.IthadahardlifeintheTahoearea.B.Itlostitsabilitytoliveinthewild.C.Itsuccessfullygotusedtoanaturaldiet.D.Itstolefoodandkilledpeopleonthebeach.7.Whatisthebiologist’sattitudetotheactionoftheshooter?A.Opposed. B.Skeptical. C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章講述了進(jìn)入人類居住區(qū)的兩只熊，一只熊經(jīng)常闖入車庫(kù)尋找食物，另一只熊不害怕人類，最終沒(méi)有適應(yīng)野外生活被射殺?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的““Thissmartbeardoesnotbreakintoagaragewheretrashiskept,”thepolicedepartmentsaidinastatement.“Hehangsoutintheneighborhoodquiteoftenbecausehehasbeencontinuouslyrewardedwithfoodstoredingarages.”(“這只聰明的熊不會(huì)闖入存放垃圾的車庫(kù)，”警察局在一份聲明中說(shuō)?！八?jīng)常在附近閑逛，因?yàn)樗粩嗟玫酱娣旁谲噹?kù)里的食物作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?！?”可推知，警方很可能建議避免把剩余的食物與垃圾混在一起。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“ThebearwaseventuallytrappedandsenttoaremotewildhabitatinElDoradoCounty.(這只熊最終被困住，并被送到了位于埃爾多拉多縣的一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的野生棲息地)”可知，SafewayBear被送到了ElDoradoCounty。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Itstrackingcollarwasfoundinthewoodsinthespringof2021,leadingbiologiststohopethatithadsuccessfullygottenusedtoanaturaldietandlostweight,allowingthecollartoslipoff.(2021年春天，人們?cè)跇淞掷锇l(fā)現(xiàn)了它的追蹤項(xiàng)圈，這讓生物學(xué)家們希望它已經(jīng)成功適應(yīng)了自然飲食并減肥，讓項(xiàng)圈得以滑落)”和第二段的“Butthetruthwasveryheartbreaking.Thebigbearwasreducedtoashellofitsformerselfandwaskilledatacampgroundwhereafamilygatheringincludedsmallchildren.(但事實(shí)卻非常令人心碎。這只大熊淪落為以前的自己的外殼，在一個(gè)營(yíng)地被殺死，在那里，一個(gè)有孩子的家庭聚會(huì)在舉行)”可知，SafewayBear失去了在野外生活的能力，在一個(gè)宿營(yíng)地被殺死了。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的““Theactionoftheshooterwasthemosthumaneouteforthisbear,”saidoneofthebiologists.(“射擊者的行為對(duì)這只熊來(lái)說(shuō)是最人道的結(jié)果，”其中一位生物學(xué)家說(shuō))”可知，這位生物學(xué)家對(duì)射擊者的行為是支持的。故選C。CWhenwe’rethirsty,wedrink.Itseemssosimple.Butthesciencebehindthatdecisionisamazinglyplex.aCaltcchresearcherreportsinthejournalNature.“Therearemanythirstrelatedcheckpointsthroughoutthebodyandbrain,”saysYukiOka,theauthor.Oneofthefirstcheckpointsispassedwhenwaterreachesourmouth,whichgivesourbrainarefreshingfeeling.Thenourbrainneedstoknowhowmuchwaterwearetakingintofigureoutwhenweshouldstop.Itcan’twaituntilthewaterisabsorbedintothebloodstreambecausethatcantake15minutesormore.Sothebodyhasanadditionalcheckpoint,whichisswallowing.Theactofswallowingactslikeameter,whichthebrainmonitorstoquicklydeterminehowmuchwaterisenteringthebody.“Still,thebraintakesaplextrustbutconfirmapproachtothisinformationandtheconfirmingprocesstakesacoupleofminutes,”O(jiān)kasays.“Cellsneartheliver(肝)alsosendmessagestothebrainwhenwearedrinking.Thesecellsaren’tsensingthewaterdirectly.Experimentsshowtheyarerespondingtoachemicalthat’sproducedwhenwatermakesthebloodlesssalty.Inamatterofminutes,thechangeistranslatedintomoresensitivechemicalsignaltotellthebraintheexactchanges.”Thecheckpointneartheliverisnotthefinalone.There’sthengoingtobechangesinbloodpressurealongtheintestine(腸)whichcanbesensedaswell,thestudyreports.“Alloftheseplexmultiplecheckpointstoregulatethirstcanbeexpected,giventhelifeordeathnatureofourdependenceonwater.However,itjustshowshowplexanapparentlysimpleprocessactuallyworksinourbody.”O(jiān)kasays.8.Whereisthecheckpointthatroughlymeasurestheamountofwaterwedrink?A.Inthemouth. B.Inthethroat.C.Alongtheintestine. D.Neartheliver.9Howmanythirstrelatedcheckpointsarementioned?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.10.HowdoesYukiOkafeelaboutthediscovery?A.Surprised. B.Confused. C.Encouraged. D.Overjoyed.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AWhyMultipleCheckpointsAreNeeded?B.WhereAretheThirstrelatedCheckpoints?C.WhichCellMeasurestheWaterWeDrink?D.HowDoOurBodyandBrainTellUstoDrink?【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述在簡(jiǎn)單的喝水過(guò)程中，在整個(gè)身體和大腦中都有許多與口渴相關(guān)的檢查點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Sothebodyhasanadditionalcheckpoint,whichisswallowing.Theactofswallowingactslikeameter,whichthebrainmonitorstoquicklydeterminehowmuchwaterisenteringthebody.”(所以身體還有一個(gè)額外的檢查點(diǎn)，那就是吞咽。吞咽的行為就像一個(gè)儀表，大腦通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)儀表來(lái)快速確定有多少水進(jìn)入身體。)可知，吞咽這動(dòng)作能測(cè)量有多少水進(jìn)入身體，所以是在喉嚨處。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Oneofthefirstcheckpointsispassedwhenwaterreachesourmouth,whichgivesourbrainarefreshingfeeling.”(當(dāng)水到達(dá)我們的嘴里時(shí)，第一個(gè)檢查點(diǎn)就通過(guò)了，這給我們的大腦一種清新的感覺(jué)。)；文章第三段“Sothebodyhasanadditionalcheckpoint,whichisswallowing.”(以身體還有一個(gè)額外的檢查點(diǎn)，那就是吞咽。)；文章第五段“Thecheckpointneartheliverisnotthefinalone.”(靠近肝臟的檢查點(diǎn)不是最后一個(gè)。)以及文章第五段“There’sthengoingtobechangesinbloodpressurealongtheintestinewhichcanbesensedaswell,thestudyreports”(研究報(bào)告稱，隨后會(huì)有血壓沿腸道的變化，這種變化也可以被感知到)可知，總共有四個(gè)檢查點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Alloftheseplexmultiplecheckpointstoregulatethirstcanbeexpected,giventhelifeordeathnatureofourdependenceonwater.However,itjustshowshowplexanapparentlysimpleprocessactuallyworksinourbody.”(考慮到我們對(duì)水的依賴是生死攸關(guān)的，所有這些復(fù)雜的多重檢查點(diǎn)都可以用來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)口渴。然而，它只是顯示了一個(gè)看似簡(jiǎn)單的過(guò)程在我們身體中的實(shí)際作用是多么復(fù)雜。)可知，YukiOka認(rèn)為喝水這么簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)作卻是如此復(fù)雜的過(guò)程，所以可推測(cè)他對(duì)這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)也比較驚訝。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“Therearemanythirstrelatedcheckpointsthroughoutthebodyandbrain”(這里有許多與口渴有關(guān)的檢查點(diǎn)遍布全身和大腦)以及后文可知，本篇文章主要介紹在簡(jiǎn)單的喝水過(guò)程中，在整個(gè)身體和大腦中都有許多與口渴相關(guān)的檢查點(diǎn)。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，B項(xiàng)WhereAretheThirstrelatedCheckpoints?(渴相關(guān)的檢查點(diǎn)在哪里？)符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。DWhenculturalheritagesitesdisappear,they’regoneforever.However,theyarebeingendangeredatanalarmingratebyrisingseas(Venice),pollution(theTajMahal)andovertourism(AngkorWat).Justtonameafew.Butwhenwetrytoprotecttheseheritagesites,wealsohavetofacesuchthornyquestionsas“Whatpartofthepastisworthpreservingandpassingontothenextgenerations?Whatdutydoweowetothecreationsofourancestors?Whatstrengthdowedrawfromtheirpresence—andwhen,onthecontrary,dotheybeealeadweight,preventingusfromprojectingourselvesintothefuture?”Humankindhasansweredthesedifficultquestionsdifferentlyindifferentplaces.InDresden,Germany,theFrauenkirchewasan18thcenturychurchwhosebellshapedtopwasalandmark.InFebruary,1945,oneofthemostdestructivebombingattacksofWorldWarIIkilledmorethan25,000peopleandreducedthecitytoruins.WithDresdenslowlyrebuiltafterthewar,theFrauenkirchewasleftinruins.ButafterGermanreunification,thechurchwasreconstructedusingmanyofitsoriginalmaterials,asastatementofpeaceandharmony.LiketheFrauenkirche,NotreDame,alandmarkinParis,whichwasdestroyedbyfirein2019,isbeingrebuiltascloseaspossibletohowitwasbefore,includingusingtheoriginalandpoisonousmetalleadfortheroof.Thatchoicewascontroversial,asfuturechoicesareboundtobeinthedebateabouthowtorestoreandpreservehistoricbuildings.Perhaps,noonecanclaimtohavetherightanswersonpreservation.Theremaynotevenberightanswers.Whatwewilldoistocontinuetotakecareofimportantculturalheritagesites,asamatterofsignificancetohumanity’spast,presentandfuture.12.Whichheritagesiteisovercrowded?A.Venice. B.Dresden. C.TheTajMahal. D.AngkorWat.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“thorny”inparagraph2?A.Tough. B.Smart. C.Interesting. D.Important.14.WhatdoestheauthordislikeabouttherebuildingofNotreDame?A.Thehighrebuildingcosts. B.Thetimingofreconstruction.C.Thechoiceofcertainmaterial. D.Thesignificanceofpreservation15.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Weshouldprotectasmanyheritagesitesaspossible.B.Itisbettertoleavethedamagedhistoricbuildingsalone.C.Historicbuildingsshouldberebuiltwiththesamematerials.D.Heritagesitesserveasanimportantlinkamonghumanbeings.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了文物是一種珍貴的不可再生資源，但是該如何保護(hù)而不讓它變成枷鎖，答案則莫衷一是。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,theyarebeingendangeredatanalarmingratebyrisingseas(Venice),pollution(theTajMahal)andovertourism(AngkorWat).(然而，由于海平面上升（威尼斯）、污染（泰姬陵）和過(guò)度旅游（吳哥窟），它們正以驚人的速度瀕臨滅絕)”可知，吳哥窟過(guò)于擁擠。故選D。【13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的問(wèn)題“Whatpartofthepastisworthpreservingandpassingontothenextgenerations?Whatdutydoweowetothecreationsofourancestors?Whatstrengthdowedrawfromtheirpresence—andwhen,onthecontrary,dotheybeealeadweight,preventingusfromprojectingourselvesintothefuture?(過(guò)去的哪一部分值得保存并傳給下一代？我們對(duì)祖先的創(chuàng)造負(fù)有什么責(zé)任？我們從他們的存在中獲得了什么力量？相反，他們什么時(shí)候會(huì)成為阻礙我們展望未來(lái)的沉重負(fù)擔(dān)？)”以及第三段“Humankindhasansweredthesedifficultquestionsdifferentlyindifferentplaces.(人類在不同的地方對(duì)這些難題給出了不同的回答)”可推斷，人類面臨一系列難題，故畫線詞意思是“困難的”。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“LiketheFrauenkirche,NotreDame,alandmarkinParis,whichwasdestroyedbyfirein2019,isbeingrebuiltascloseaspossibletohowitwasbefore,includingusingtheoriginalandpoisonousmetalleadfortheroof.(像圣母教堂一樣，巴黎的地標(biāo)性建筑巴黎圣母院在2019年被大火燒毀，目前正在盡可能地重建，包括使用原始的有毒金屬鉛作為屋頂)”可知，作者認(rèn)為如果刻板地堅(jiān)持修舊如舊而保留有毒材料是不明智的。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whatwewilldoistocontinuetotakecareofimportantculturalheritagesites,asamatterofsignificancetohumanity’spast,presentandfuture.(我們要做的是繼續(xù)保護(hù)重要的文化遺產(chǎn)，這對(duì)人類的過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)都具有重要意義)”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為重要的文物需要保護(hù)，因?yàn)槟鞘侨祟惖木窦覉@。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’simportanttobeabletotalktopeoplewhennetworkingandbuildingstrongrelationships.Ifyouworkinaprofessionalrole,youprobablyneedtomakesmalltalksometimes.However,youmaydon’tknowhowtomakesmalltalk.Don’tworry.____16____Putyourelectronicdevicesaway.Thefirststeptomakingsmalltalkistoputyourdevicesaway.Thisisasmallbutmeaningfulgestureinthisdigitalizedworld.____17____Givingyourfullattentiontothepersonyouarespeakingtoisgoodmanners.Also,itoffersachanceforyoutobuildarelationshipwithhim/her.Listenfirst.Insocialsituations,onewaytoshowyouareofferingyourfullattentionistolisten.____18____Whenyouarelistening,showyouarepayingattentionbypractisingnonverbalcueslikenoddingandmakingeyecontact.It’salsoagoodactivelisteningpracticetorepeatwhatsomeonejusttoldyou.Askopenquestions.____19____Forexample.“Howhavethingsbeen?”isabetterquestionthan“Haveyoubeenalright?”.Thelatterrequiresa“yesorno”response,whiletheformerdrawsoutinformationinaconversationalway.____20____Whensomeonetellsyousomethinginasmalltalkconversation,giveyourenthusiasticresponse.Yourpositivitynotonlycanshowyouarepayingattentionbutalsomightmakethemfeelvalued.Thisisgoodforbuildingarelationshipwithsomeoneyoudon’tknowverywell.A.Respondenthusiastically.B.Herearesometipsforyou.C.Theyaresomesimplebutusefulmethods.D.Behaveproperlyinresponsetoopenquestions.E.Whenyouaretalkingwithsomeone,listeningisalsoimportant.F.Whenyouaskaboutthepersonyouarespeakingto,askopenendedquestions.GPuttingyourphoneorputerawayshowsyoufocusonthepersonyouaretalkingto.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.F20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)閑聊的小技巧?！?6題詳解】分析設(shè)空，位于第一段段尾，應(yīng)是起到承上啟下的作用，根據(jù)前文“However,youmaydon’tknowhowtomakesmalltalk.Don’tworry.(然而，你可能不知道如何進(jìn)行閑聊。別擔(dān)心)”而后文開始介紹具體的方法可知，此處是在推薦一些閑聊的小技巧，所以B項(xiàng)“Herearesometipsforyou.(這里有一些建議給你)”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Putyourelectronicdevicesaway.Thefirststeptomakingsmalltalkistoputyourdevicesaway.Thisisasmallbutmeaningfulgestureinthisdigitalizedworld.(把你的電子設(shè)備收起來(lái)。閑聊的第一步是把你的收起來(lái)。在這個(gè)數(shù)字化的世界里，這是一個(gè)小而有意義的舉動(dòng))”可知，本段主要講述了閑聊時(shí)，把電子設(shè)備收起來(lái)，根據(jù)后文“Givingyourfullattentiontothepersonyouarespeakingtoisgoodmanners.(把你全部的注意力放在和你說(shuō)話的人身上是有禮貌的)”可知，此處在解釋為什么這么做，所以G項(xiàng)“Puttingyourphoneorputerawayshowsyoufocusonthepersonyouaretalkingto.(把或電腦放在一邊，表明你專注于與你交談的人)”符合本段主題，且是在解釋為什么這么做。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Listenfirst.Insocialsituations,onewaytoshowyouareofferingyourfullattentionistolisten.(先聽。在社交場(chǎng)合，表現(xiàn)你全神貫注的一種方式就是傾聽)”可知，本段主要講述了傾聽在閑聊中的重要性，所以E項(xiàng)“Whenyouaretalkingwithsomeone,listeningisalsoimportant.(當(dāng)你和某人交談時(shí)，傾聽也很重要)”符合本段主題，其中l(wèi)istening為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】分析設(shè)空，空處位于第二句話，應(yīng)是對(duì)首句的展開說(shuō)明，根據(jù)前文“Askopenquestions.(問(wèn)開放式問(wèn)題)”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Whenyouaskaboutthepersonyouarespeakingto,askopenendedquestions.(當(dāng)你詢問(wèn)談話對(duì)象的情況時(shí)，問(wèn)一些開放式的問(wèn)題)”符合文意，是對(duì)前句的展開說(shuō)明，其中openendedquestions為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】分析設(shè)空，位于段首，應(yīng)是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Whensomeonetellsyousomethinginasmalltalkconversation,giveyourenthusiasticresponse.Yourpositivitynotonlycanshowyouarepayingattentionbutalsomightmakethemfeelvalued.(當(dāng)有人在閑聊中告訴你一些事情時(shí)，給予你熱情的回應(yīng)。你的積極態(tài)度不僅能表明你在關(guān)注他們，也會(huì)讓他們感到被重視)”可知，本段主要講述了，閑聊時(shí)，需積極回應(yīng)對(duì)方，所以A項(xiàng)“Respondenthusiastically.(積極回應(yīng))”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A,BC和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EnedeliaMottram,whohasbeenworkingasalunchladyataschoolcanteenfor18years,wentstraighttoherhusband,ametalfabricator(裝配工)tocreateamobilecart(小推車).Together,theybothknewtheycoulddosomethingtohelpJuliannotonlygethis____21____easierbutalsomakeiteasierforhimto____22____attheschool.Julianisn’tan____23____firstgraderandheattendsaschoolthatisn’tbuiltforhis____24____becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒癥).Butthatdoesn’tseemtostopthischeerfulkidfrom____25____allthatlifehastoofferevenwiththeproblemswithbeinga____26____person.Andhedid____27____someonhisfirstdayofschool.Hismomhadbeentothe____28____toensureJulianwouldhaveeverythingheneededbutsheforgotto____29____thelunchroom.Juliancouldn’t_____30_____thefoodnordidhehavea_____31_____tocarryitorgetuponthebenchto_____32_____andeathislunch.Enedelianoticedthatandknewherhusbandcouldoffer_____33_____.ThatnightshetoldherhusbandJamesaboutJulian’s_____34_____.Jamesthenstartedto_____35_____—designingacart,pletewithflames,apersonalizedlicenseplate,andabuiltinstepstool(梯凳)sothatJuliancanpullitoutwhenhe_____36_____toreachsomethingattheschool.Julian’smomHeatherwasaballoftearswhenshelearnedofthecartthatwas_____37_____forherson.Itmeantalottoherthatsomeonewouldbeso_____38_____toherchild.Andnowthankstothelunchlady’s_____39_____,Juliancouldenjoyhislunchtimeand_____40_____tourtheschool.21A.lunch B.invention C.learning D.exercise22.A.takeoff B.slowdown C.breakdown D.getaround23.A.intelligent B.ugly C.average D.energetic24.A.character B.race C.size D.major25.A.enjoying B.rejecting C.abandoning D.changing26.A.tall B.large C.fat D.little27.A.accept B.meet C.ignore D.overe28.A.restaurant B.school C.hospital D.factory29.A.decorate B.close C.clean D.check30.A.sell B.smell C.reach D.cook31.A.dream B.way C.permission D.reason32.A.sit B.watch C.speak D.sleep33.A.education B.help C.guidance D.money34.A.responsibilities B.responses C.suggestions D.challenges35.A.research B.resist C.work D.advertise36.A.needs B.forgets C.promises D.pretends37.A.made B.bought C.borrowed D.stolen38.A.polite B.kind C.open D.true39.A.modesty B.ambition C.honesty D.thoughtfulness40.A.aimlessly B.cautiously C.freely D.painfully【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.C25.A26.D27.B28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.B34.D35.C36.A37.A38.B39.D40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。學(xué)校食堂員工EnedeliaMottram看到患有侏儒癥的Julian因?yàn)樯眢w矮小而面臨取餐難題后，她回到家跟身為金屬裝配工的丈夫說(shuō)起了這件事，丈夫?yàn)镴ulian量身定做了一個(gè)小推車，這使得Julian能夠輕松就餐并暢行校園。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們倆都知道，他們可以做些什么來(lái)幫助Julian，不僅讓他的午餐更容易，而且讓他在學(xué)校里更容易走動(dòng)。A.lunch午餐；B.invention發(fā)明；C.learning學(xué)習(xí)；D.exercise鍛煉。根據(jù)“EnedeliaMottram,whohasbeenworkingasalunchladyataschoolcanteenfor18years,wentstraighttoherhusband,ametalfabricator(裝配工)tocreateamobilecart(小推車).”可知，制造移動(dòng)手推車是為了幫助Julian就餐更容易。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：他們倆都知道，他們可以做些什么來(lái)幫助Julian，不僅讓他的午餐更容易，而且讓他在學(xué)校里更容易走動(dòng)。A.takeoff脫掉；B.slowdown減速；C.breakdown拋錨；D.getaround走動(dòng)。根據(jù)“attheschool.”可知，移動(dòng)手推車很難幫助Julian輕松地在學(xué)校里走動(dòng)。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian不是一個(gè)普通的一年級(jí)學(xué)生，他上的學(xué)校不是為他的身形建造的，因?yàn)樗匈灏Y。A.intelligent聰明的；B.ugly丑陋的；C.average普通的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒癥).”可知，Julian不是一名普通的學(xué)生。故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian不是一個(gè)普通的一年級(jí)學(xué)生，他上的學(xué)校不是為他的身形建造的，因?yàn)樗匈灏Y。A.character角色；B.race種族；C.size尺寸；D.major主修課程。根據(jù)“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒癥).”可知，因?yàn)镴ulian有侏儒癥，學(xué)校不是為他的身形建造的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但這似乎并不妨礙這個(gè)快樂(lè)的孩子享受生活所給予的一切，盡管這個(gè)小小的人兒面臨著種種問(wèn)題。A.enjoying享受；B.rejecting拒絕；C.abandoning拋棄；D.changing改變。根據(jù)“Julianisn’tan____3____firstgraderandheattendsaschoolthatisn’tbuiltforhis____4____becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒癥).”可知，學(xué)校的一切并不妨礙Julian享受生活所給予的一切。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這似乎并不妨礙這個(gè)快樂(lè)的孩子享受生活所給予的一切，盡管這個(gè)小小的人兒面臨著種種問(wèn)題。A.tall高的；B.large大的；C.fat胖的；D.little小的。根據(jù)“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒癥).”可知，因?yàn)镴ulian患侏儒癥，所以這個(gè)小小的人兒面臨著種種問(wèn)題。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他確實(shí)在上學(xué)的第一天遇到了一些問(wèn)題。A.accept接受；B.meet遇到；C.ignore忽略；D.overe克服。根據(jù)“Butthatdoesn’tseemtostopthischeerfulkidfrom____5____allthatlifehastoofferevenwiththeproblemswithbeinga____6____person.”可知，Julian因?yàn)榛假灏Y，上學(xué)的第一天遇到了一些問(wèn)題。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian的媽媽去了學(xué)校，以確保他會(huì)有他需要的一切，但她忘了檢查餐廳。A.restaurant餐館；B.school學(xué)校；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.factory工廠。根據(jù)“toensureJulianwouldhaveeverythingheneeded”可知，Julian的媽媽去了學(xué)校確保Julian在學(xué)校有他需要的一切。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian的媽媽去了學(xué)校，以確保他會(huì)有他需要的一切，但她忘了檢查餐廳。A.decorate裝飾；B.close關(guān)閉；C.clean清潔；D.check檢查。根據(jù)“Hismomhadbeentothe____8____toensureJulianwouldhaveeverythingheneeded”可知，Julian的媽媽忘了檢查餐廳。故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian夠不到食物，也沒(méi)有辦法拿著食物爬到長(zhǎng)凳上坐下來(lái)吃午飯。A.sell賣；B.smell聞；C.reach到達(dá)；D.cook烹飪。根據(jù)“becausehehasdwarfism(侏儒癥).”可知，因?yàn)镴ulian患侏儒癥，所以夠不到食堂餐桌上的食物。故選C。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian夠不到食物，也沒(méi)有辦法拿著食物爬到長(zhǎng)凳上坐下來(lái)吃午飯。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.way方法；C.permission允許；D.reason原因。根據(jù)“tocarryitorgetuponthebenchto____12____andeathislunch.”可知，Julian沒(méi)有辦法拿到食物。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Julian夠不到食物，也沒(méi)有辦法拿著食物爬到長(zhǎng)凳上坐下來(lái)吃午飯。A.sit坐；B.watch觀看；C.speak發(fā)言；D.sleep睡。根據(jù)“getuponthebench”可知，Julian沒(méi)有辦法拿著食物爬到長(zhǎng)凳上坐下來(lái)吃午飯。故選A。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Enedelia注意到了Julian面臨問(wèn)題，她知道她的丈夫可以提供幫助。A.education教育；B.help幫助；C.guidance指導(dǎo)；D.money金錢。根據(jù)“EnedeliaMottram,whohasbeenworkingasalunchladyataschoolcanteenfor18years,wentstraighttoherhusband,ametalfabricator(裝配工)tocreateamobilecart(小推車).”可知，因?yàn)檎煞蚴墙饘僦圃焐?，Enedelia知道她的丈夫可以能夠?yàn)镴ulian提供幫助。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，她將Julian面臨的挑戰(zhàn)告訴了丈夫。A.responsibilities責(zé)任；B.responses回復(fù)；C.