老高考適用2023版高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第四部分高考題型組合練組合練4

組合練4Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共8小題；每小題2分，滿分16分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2022·安徽省江南十校高三下學(xué)期一模聯(lián)考)Watchinghisfatherdiewithoutoxygensupportwhilesufferingfromaheartattackin2020,TaherMahmudTarif,aBangladeahiboy,madeuphismindtobuildadevicetopreventanymoresuchtragicdeaths.Afterwards,manyCOVID-19patientsexperiencedlowoxygenlevelsintheirblood,withdemandforoxygenconcentrators(濃縮器)amongothermedicalequipmentshootingupduringtherecentsharpriseincases.Tarifsaidthesituationgavehimmoredrivingforcetobuildthedevice.WiththefinancialandoverallsupportofIshwardiUNOofficeandhiseducationalinstitution,Tarif?sdeterminationandtirelesseffortswererewardedwithsuccessastheninthgraderofIshwardiSaraMarwariHighSchoolmanagedtomaketheconcentratoraftertryingfivetimesforaboutsevenmonths,mainlyusingdomesticcomponents.Hesaidthatalocallymadeoxygenconcentratorlikehiscostsapproximately$760whereasanimportedonedoesover$2，600.InJune,TarifgaveadetailedaccountofhisinventionandmanufactureattheUNOofficeinIshwardiat11:00amonTuesday.Hesaiditwascreatedfromhisownthinkingandwiththeadditionoflocaltechnologygeneratorsandelectriccomponents.Anoxygenconcentratortakesinairandremovesnitrogen(氮?dú)?fromit,leavingoxygen-enrichedgasforusebypeopleneedingmedicaloxygen.“About90percentoxygenconcentrationcanbegeneratedfrommyoxygenconcentratormachine.Thismachinecanprovidehigh-flowoxygensupplytoo.Itcanbeveryhandyinlocalareaswithnoscopeofgettingoxygensupport，”Tarifadded.“Thisisobviouslyagoodinventionforoxygengeneration.Itiscapableofproducinghigh-flowoxygensoitcanbeusedforpatientsorrefillingoxygenbottles，”saidanassistantprofessorofPabnaMedicalCollegeHospital.“Despitemorelabandotherexaminationsbeforeusingthemachineasmedicalequipment，”theUNOsaid,“Tarif?sinventionwillprobablybeagreatachievementduringthisalarmingCOVID-19situation.”1．WhydidTarifbuildanoxygenconcentrator?A．Becausehisfatherneededone.B．BecausehisfatherdiedofCOVID-19.C．BecauseCOVID-19patientsneedoxygen.D．Becausehewantstohelpsaveotherpatients.2．WhatcanweknowaboutTarif?sinventioninParagraph2?A．Itmostlyconsistsoflocalparts.B．Itsucceededatthefirstattempt.C．Itwasmadewithoutothers?help.D．Itcostsmorethan2，600dollars.3．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Tarif?sinventionhasnotbeentestedyet.B．Tarif?sinventionhasapromisingfuture.C．Tarif?sinventionproducesoxygenbottles.D．Tarif?sinventionhasprovedusefulforCOVID-19.4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Abrochure.C．Anewspaper. D．Anovel.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。孟加拉國的一位少年在經(jīng)歷了父親因缺氧去世，又目睹了新冠疫情下眾多病人因缺氧生命危在旦夕之后，在自己的不懈努力和當(dāng)?shù)芈?lián)合國組織的資助下，成功利用國內(nèi)配件自制出氧氣壓縮機(jī)。1．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Watchinghisfatherdiewithoutoxygensupportwhilesufferingfromaheartattackin2020,TaherMahmudTarif,aBangladeahiboy,madeuphismindtobuildadevicetopreventanymoresuchtragicdeaths.(2020年，孟加拉國男孩塔希爾·馬哈茂德·塔里夫看著父親因心臟病發(fā)作而在沒有氧氣支持的情況下去世，他決心制造一種裝置，以防止更多這樣的悲劇死亡。)”和“Tarifsaidthesituationgavehimmoredrivingforcetobuildthedevice.(塔里夫說，這種情況給了他制造這種設(shè)備的更多動力。)”可知，Tarif的父親因缺氧去世及新冠病人需要氧氣的現(xiàn)狀是他發(fā)明氧氣壓縮機(jī)的動機(jī)，即為了拯救更多因缺氧而危在旦夕的病人。故選D。2．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“WiththefinancialandoverallsupportofIshwardiUNOofficeandhiseducationalinstitution,Tarif?sdeterminationandtirelesseffortswererewardedwithsuccessastheninthgraderofIshwardiSaraMarwariHighSchoolmanagedtomaketheconcentratoraftertryingfivetimesforaboutsevenmonths,mainlyusingdomesticcomponents.(在IshwardiUNO辦公室和他的教育機(jī)構(gòu)的財(cái)政和全面支持下，Tarif的決心和不懈的努力得到了成功的回報(bào)。IshwardiSaraMarwari高中的九年級學(xué)生在嘗試了大約七個月后，成功地制作了集中器，主要使用國產(chǎn)組件。)”可知，UNO和他的教育機(jī)構(gòu)給予了Tarif資助和支持，Tarif經(jīng)歷了七個月、五次嘗試才發(fā)明出氧氣壓縮機(jī)，氧氣壓縮機(jī)主要使用國內(nèi)配件。故選A。3．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitemorelabandotherexaminations...agreatachievementduringthisalarmingCOVID-19situation.(盡管進(jìn)行了更多的實(shí)驗(yàn)室和其他檢查……但在這種令人擔(dān)憂的COVID-19形勢下，取得了巨大的成就。)”可知，盡管這項(xiàng)發(fā)明在正式作為醫(yī)療器械之前還需要更多的試驗(yàn)和測試，它很可能將在應(yīng)對疫情中發(fā)揮重要的作用。故選B。4．C推理判斷題。本文圍繞孟加拉國少年Tarif發(fā)明氧氣壓縮機(jī)而展開，第一段介紹了氧氣壓縮機(jī)的發(fā)明背景，第二段敘述了Tarif發(fā)明氧氣壓縮機(jī)的過程，第三段說明了氧氣壓縮機(jī)的工作原理，最后一段展望了氧氣壓縮機(jī)的應(yīng)用前景。所以本文很有可能是一篇選自報(bào)紙的新聞報(bào)道。故選C。B(2022·黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市高三第一次模擬考試)Theworldisgettinggreener,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinNaturethisweek.ChiChen,leadauthorofthestudy,andhiscolleagueshavebeenminingdatacollectedbyanorbitingNASAcamerathatmonitorsgreenvegetationonEarth?ssurface,daybyday.Evenmoreinteresting：Theyareabletoshowtheexactcausesofincreasingordecreasingleafcoverinparticularareas.Insomecoldplaces,increaseinleafcoverapparentlyresultedfromglobalwarming.Sincetheclimateisbecomingmoreandmoretemperateandthegrowingseasonisgettinglongerandlonger,theplantsaregrowingbiggerandleafierthere.“OnelargeareaofBrazillostvegetation.Ipersonallycheckedthedata,andthat?sbecauseoflackofrain，”Chensaid.Themoststrikingchanges,though,weretheresultofhumandecisionsinChinaandIndia.Bothcountrieshavebeengettingalotgreener.ThegreeningofIndia,Chensays,comesfromahugeexpansionofirrigatedagriculture.“Insteadofhavingjustcropswhenit?sraining,theyalsohaveawholesixmonthsofcroppingandgreennesswhenit?snotraining，”hesays.“Thisversionofgreeningisn?treallysogreatfortheenvironment,though.Theirrigationdrainsgroundwater,vegetationiswipedawayatharvesttimeandtheextrachemicalsfarmersuseproducegreenhousegases.”InChina,though,abouthalfofthenewleafcoverthatChendetectedappearstobetheresultofamassivereforestationeffort.It?sagovernment-supportedattempttopreventdisastrousduststormsthatresultedfromearlierdeforestation.“Theyarereallydoingagoodjob，”Chensays.“Theyhavealargeandcomprehensivetreeplantingprogram.Thosetreeswillstayinplace,capturing(捕捉)dustandalsoCO2,thegreenhousegas.They?llstoreitinwood,rootsandsoil,doingtheirparttoslowglobalwarming.”5．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“temperate”inParagraph3?A．Warm. B．Wet.C．Cold D．Dry.6．WhathasledtothedecreaseofleafcoverintheBrazilianarea?A．Treecutting. B．Dryweather.C．Seasonalharvest. D．Desertification.7．HowdoesChiChenprobablyfeelaboutthegreeninginIndia?A．Excited. B．Puzzled.C．Worried. D．Annoyed.8．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thebenefitsoftreeplanting.B．Theharmofglobalwarming.C．ThecostsofgreeninginChina.D．ThecauseofgreeninginChina.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了ChiChen利用在軌衛(wèi)星的地面監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)分析全球綠地面積變化。5．A詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前“Insomecoldplaces,increaseinleafcoverapparentlyresultedfromglobalwarming(在一些寒冷的地方，植被覆蓋的增加明顯是由全球變暖引起的。)”及后面的“andthegrowingseasonisgettinglongerandlonger,theplantsaregrowingbiggerandleafierthere(生長季節(jié)變得越來越長，那里的植物長得越來越大，葉子也越來越多)”可知，植物長得越來越大，葉子也越來越多是因?yàn)闅夂蜃兣?，因此畫線詞temperate意為“暖和的”，即warm。故選A。6．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ipersonallycheckedthedata,andthat?sbecauseoflackofrain(我親自檢查了數(shù)據(jù)，那是因?yàn)槿庇?”可知，巴西地區(qū)樹葉覆蓋的減少是因?yàn)樘鞖飧稍?。故選B。7．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Thisversionofgreeningisn?treallysogreatfortheenvironment,though.Theirrigationdrainsgroundwater,vegetationiswipedawayatharvesttimeandtheextrachemicalsfarmersuseproducegreenhousegases.(不過，這種版本的綠化對環(huán)境并不是很好。灌溉會排干地下水，收獲季節(jié)的植被會消失，農(nóng)民使用的額外化學(xué)物質(zhì)會產(chǎn)生溫室氣體。)”可知，過度耕種會對環(huán)境造成負(fù)面影響。由此推知，ChiChen對印度的過度耕作所造成的綠地面積增加感到擔(dān)心。故選C。8．D主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“InChina,though,abouthalfofthenewleafcoverthatChendetectedappearstobetheresultofamassivereforestationeffort.It?sagovernment-supportedattempttopreventdisastrousduststormsthatresultedfromearlierdeforestation.(然而，在中國，陳檢測到的大約一半的新植被似乎是大規(guī)模植樹造林的結(jié)果。這是一項(xiàng)政府支持的嘗試，旨在防止早期森林砍伐導(dǎo)致的災(zāi)難性沙塵暴。)”可知，最后一段主要講的是中國的綠化事業(yè)。故選D。Ⅱ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2022·河南省百所名校高考猜題壓軸卷)Weliveinavast,complexworld，1newspeciesarebeingdiscoveredallthetime.Yetevenasthese2(excite)creaturesarebeingdiscovered,theincreasinghumanpopulation,climatechange,habitatdestruction,huntingandtheover-exploitationofwildlifemeancountlessnumbersofanimalsarecurrently3(push)totheedgeofextinction.ScientistshaveestimatedthatoverthecourseofEarth?shistory,anywherebetween1and4billionspecies4(exist).Thenaturalextinctionratedescribeshowfastplants,mammals,birdsandinsects5(die)offifhumansweren?tinthepicture.Itisestimatedthattodayspeciesaredisappearingatalmost1，0006(time)thenaturalrate,meaningwe?relosingaround150—200specieseverysingleday.Choosinganimalswhicharelikelytogoextinctbeforeyourchildrenhavetheopportunity7(see)themwasadauntingtask.Byonlypicking10,wehadtoleave8countlessotheranimalsthatarefacing9(similarity)depressingcircumstances.10millionsofotherspecies,manyneverknowntoscience,arealsolikelytodieoutinthecomingdecades.【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了新物種不斷被發(fā)現(xiàn)，但是無數(shù)的物種目前正因?yàn)槿祟惢顒佣煌葡驕缃^的邊緣。1．where考查定語從句。句意：我們生活在一個巨大而復(fù)雜的世界里，在這里新物種不斷被發(fā)現(xiàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，world為先行詞，后接非限制性定語從句，先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。2．exciting考查形容詞。句意：然而，就在這些令人興奮的生物被發(fā)現(xiàn)的同時，不斷增長的人口、氣候變化、棲息地破壞、狩獵和對野生動物的過度開發(fā)意味著無數(shù)的動物目前正被推向滅絕的邊緣。根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后詞匯，應(yīng)用形容詞作名詞creatures的定語，修飾物的excite的形容詞為exciting。故填exciting。3．beingpushed考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：然而，就在這些令人興奮的生物被發(fā)現(xiàn)的同時，不斷增長的人口、氣候變化、棲息地破壞、狩獵和對野生動物的過度開發(fā)意味著無數(shù)的動物目前正被推向滅絕的邊緣。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，mean后接賓語從句，此處為從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)狀語currently，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)，push與邏輯主語animals之間為動賓關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)bebeingdone。故填beingpushed。4．haveexisted考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：科學(xué)家們估計(jì)，在地球的歷史進(jìn)程中，存在過10億到40億物種。根據(jù)時間狀語overthecourseofEarth?shistory，謂語動詞estimated后接的賓語從句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；主語為between1and4billionspecies，為復(fù)數(shù)，助動詞用have。故填haveexisted。5．woulddie考查虛擬語氣。句意：自然滅絕率描述了如果沒有人類，植物、哺乳動物、鳥類和昆蟲的滅絕速度會有多快。根據(jù)后半句中ifhumansweren?tinthepicture，可知設(shè)空處用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)為woulddo的形式。故填woulddie。6．times考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：據(jù)估計(jì)，如今物種消失的速度幾乎是自然速度的1000倍，這意味著我們每天大約失去150到200個物種。跟在數(shù)字1000后，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)times。故填times。7．tosee考查非謂語動詞。句意：選擇那些可能在你的孩子有機(jī)會看到它們之前就滅絕的動物是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。短語havetheopportunitytodosth，動詞不定式作opportunity的定語。故填tosee。8．out考查固定短語。句意：我們只選擇了10種動物，卻沒有考慮到無數(shù)其他正面臨同樣令人沮喪境況的動物。短語leaveout，意為“不考慮，不包括”。故填out。9．similar考查形容詞。句意：我們只選擇了10種動物，卻沒有考慮到無數(shù)其他正面臨同樣令人沮喪境況的動物。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，修飾名詞circumstances，應(yīng)用形容詞，similarity的形容詞為similar。故填similar。10．But考查連詞。句意：但是，數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的其他物種，其中許多從未為科學(xué)所知，也可能在未來幾十年滅絕。根據(jù)上文，我們只是忽略了無數(shù)其他正面臨同樣令人沮喪境況的動物，但是更多的人類尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的物種也在消失，只是我們不知道而已。此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且在句首，應(yīng)首字母大寫。故填But。Ⅲ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題l分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在其下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從11處起)不計(jì)分。(2022·內(nèi)蒙古赤峰市高三模擬預(yù)測)LastSunday,myfriendsandIwenttoseaside.Therewasmanypeopleswimminginthesea.Wefeltabouthappywhenwesawsomewonderfulview.Butsomethingunpleasantcaughttheireyes.Somevisitorsthrowalotofrubbishintothesea.Wealsofoundsomedeadfish,plasticbagsandemptybottlesfloatonthesurfaceofthewater,andtheairsmeltterribly.Themarine(海的)environmentisseriouslydamaged,whatmakesmeworried.Ithinkweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectingtheenvironment.Onlybydoingitwillwelivebetterandbecomehealthier.【答案】LastSunday,myfriendsandIwenttoeq\o(∧,\s\do10(the))seaside.Thereeq\o(was,\s\do10(were))manypeopleswimminginthesea.Wefelteq\a\vs4\al(about)happywhenwesawsomewonderfuleq\o(view,\s\do10(views)).Butsomethingunpleasantcaughteq\o(their,\s\do10(our))eyes.Somevisitorseq\o(throw,\s\do10(threw))alotofrubbishintothesea.Wealsofoundsomedeadfish,plasticbagsandemptybottleseq\o(float,\s\do10(floating))onthesurfaceofthewater,andtheairsmelteq\o(terribly,\s\do10(terrible)).Themarine(海的)environmentisseriouslydamaged,eq\o(what,\s\do10(which))makesmeworried.Ithinkweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoeq\o(protecting,\s\do10(protect))theenvironment.Onlybydoingitwillwelivebetterandbecomehealthier.【解析】這是一篇記敘文，講述了作者和朋友在上個星期日在海邊的所見所聞，呼吁大家愛護(hù)海洋環(huán)境。1．考查冠詞。句意：上個周日，我和朋友去海邊。此處表示特指作者和朋友去的海邊，所以應(yīng)該使用定冠詞。故在seaside前加the。2．考查主謂一致。句意：在海里有很多人在游泳。therebe句型主謂一致用“就近原則”，根據(jù)主語manypeople可知，be動詞應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將was改為were。3．考查介詞。句意：我們感到很開心。feel為感官系動詞，后面直接用形容詞作表語，不需要加介詞about。故將about刪除。4．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)我們看到一些美好的景色時，我們感到很開心。view“景色”是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前面的some可知，此處名詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。故將view改為views。5．考查代詞。句意：但是一些不愉快的事情吸引了我們的眼球。根據(jù)句意可知，一些不愉快的事情吸引了我們的眼球。故將their改為our。6．考查時態(tài)。句意：一些游客向海里扔了很多垃圾。根據(jù)第一句lastSunday，可知事情是發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時。故將throw改為threw。7．考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一些死魚、塑料袋和空瓶子漂浮在海水的表面。findsb.doingsth.意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事”，此處瓶子是正在漂浮的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動和進(jìn)行。故將float改為floating。8．考查形容詞。句意：空氣聞起來很糟糕。smell是感官類系動詞，應(yīng)該使用形容詞作表語而不是副詞。故將terribly改為terrible。9