地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果野外工作方法及技術措施

地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果野外工作方法及技術措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果野外工作方法及技術措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果野外工作方法及技術措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果野外工作方法及技術措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果野外工作方法及技術措施眾所周知，鐳具有較強的活動性，因此它容易形成范圍很廣的次生分散暈。疏松層中的鐳分散暈，往往是覆土下的基巖鈾礦化的一個重要標志。當鐳的含量很高時，分散暈容易為伽瑪總量測量所發(fā)現(xiàn)。由于伽瑪總量測量測得的射線強度不只與鐳含量的多少有關，而且還與別的放射性元素（如釷、鉀）變化有關，因此其異常/干擾比值較小。伽瑪能譜測量則能消除上述缺點，從而提高來異常 /干擾比值。Aseveryoneknows,radiumhasstrongeractivity,soitiseasytoformawiderangeofsecondarydispersionhalo.Thelooselayerofradiumdispersionhalo,isoftenanimportantsymbolofthebedrockofuraniummineralizationinsoilunderthe.Whentheradiumcontentisveryhigh,dispersionhaloeasilyfoundbyGamagrossmeasurement.Becausetherayintensitygammatotalmeasurementmeasurednotonlywiththeradiumcontentrelatedtohowmuch,butalsowithotherradioactiveelements(suchasthorium,potassium)change,thereforetheabnormal/interfereneeratio.Gammaenergyspectrummeasurementcaneliminatethedisadvantages,soastoimprovetheunusual/interfereneeratio.測區(qū)位于xx火山盆地。自I960年以來先后有華東608隊、中南309隊、華南292隊開展了大量的伽瑪、徑跡普查、詳查等工作，其中包括不同比例尺的綜合方法詳查、水化普查、放射性地質測量、地表揭露等。發(fā)現(xiàn)了5103礦床,并在深部揭露評價了礦區(qū)南部的礦化點，礦區(qū)以北的五里橋 3104礦化點。為了擴大找礦范圍，對該區(qū)進行了1：2000地面伽瑪能譜測量，取得了一定的成果。LocatedattheXXvolcanobasinarea.Since1960therehavebeen608teams,SouthEast309teams,292teamsinSouthernChinacarriedoutalargenumberofgamma,tracksurvey,reconnaissaneework,detailed,comprehensivemethodsincludingdifferentscalehydrationcensus,radioactivegeologymeasurement,surfaceexposure.Found5103deposit,andexposetheevaluationofmineralizationinthedeepsouthernminingarea,miningareanorthoffivemilebridge3104mineralization.Inordertoexpandtheprospectingscope,ontheareaofthe1:2000groundgammaenergyspectrum,andachievedcertainresults.工作區(qū)地質及地球物理特征Geologicalandgeophysicalcharacteristics1.1地質特征geologicalfeatures

礦區(qū)位于盆地南緣。區(qū)內(nèi)中生代以來，巖漿活動頻繁，早期大規(guī)?；◢弾r侵入，形成了該盆地東部的大神壩花崗巖巖體及盆地西部的桂坑花崗巖體， 到晚白堊世末期火山活動已近尾聲，大量的酸性火山物質攜帶著豐富的鈾銑絡合物涌上地表或近地表淺處，在后來的結晶、 脫玻過程中使一部分活動的鈾活化出來， 成為成礦物質的重要來源，同時火山熱液也為鈾的聚集創(chuàng)造了良好的條件。Mineislocatedinthesouthernmarginofthebasin.SineetheMesozoic,frequentmagmaticactivities,earlymassivegraniteintrusion,formedaGUIKenggranitebodyofthebasintotheeastofthewesternrockgoddamgraniteandbasin,toattheendofthelateCretaceousvolcanoactivityisneartheend,alargenumberofsubstancesacidicvolcanowithuranylcomplexesabundantChungonornearthesurfaceofshallowoffice,laterinthecrystal,thedevitrificationprocessthatapartofactiveuraniummobilization,becomeanimportantsourceofmetallogenicmaterials,atthesametimevolcanohydrothermaluraniumaccumulationtocreategoodconditions.地層較為簡單，主要有寒武系一泥盆石炭系地層、白堊系上統(tǒng)葉塘組地層。Theformationofrelativelysimple,mainlyofCambrian,DevonianCarboniferousseriesleafpondformation,Cretaceousstrata.寒武系（€）—泥盆石炭系（D—C）:分布于南部和東南部，為一套復理式碎屑建造。巖性為青灰色砂質板巖、千枚巖、變質砂巖、絹云母片巖等。TheCambrian(c)-DevonianandCarboniferous(D-C):locatedintheSouthandSoutheast,isasetofflyschclasticrocks.Thelithologyisgreysandyslate,phyllite,metamorphicsandstone,sericiteschist.白堊系上統(tǒng)葉塘組(K2)分為下、中、上三組：UpperCretaceousleafTongGroup(K2)weredividedintothreegroups,:下組（K21）為黑色玄武巖；中組（K22）上部為紫紅色礫巖、砂礫巖、砂巖、粉砂巖；下部為紫紅色礫巖；上組（K23）為一套陸相酸性噴發(fā)巖，在該區(qū)大面積分布，巖性主要為流紋質火山碎屑巖和熔巖。中上組頂部為礦床主要含礦巖系。Thegroup(K21)isablackbasaltgroup(K22);theredbreccia,conglomerate,sandstone,siltstone;thelowerpartispurplishredconglomerate;group(K23)isasetofcontinentalacideruptiverocks,inlargeareadistributioninthisarea,thelithologyismainlycomposedofrhyoliticvolcanoclasticrocksandlava.Inthegroupoftopdepositmainore-bearingrockseries.白堊系上統(tǒng)葉塘組(K2)主要出露在礦區(qū)北部，不整合復蓋在菖蒲群之上，為一套內(nèi)陸河湖相沉積的磨拉石建造。巖性主要為紫紅色砂礫巖、砂巖、 淺色粉砂巖。

UpperCretaceousleafTongGroup(K2)ismainlyexposedinthenorthernminingarea,unconformabilityinChangpugroup,molasseformationisasetofinlandlakefacies.Themainlithologyispurplishredsandyconglomerate,sandstone,siltstone,light.礦床構造主要有陡傾層間硅化破碎帶（F15）和NWW向兩組構造。F15層間硅化破碎帶，是礦床主要控礦、含礦構造。處于麻樓斷裂帶北側，沿含礫晶屑熔結凝灰?guī)r和含礫凝灰?guī)r界面發(fā)育。走向 260?280°傾向350?200°，傾角60?75°長4.5km，寬0.2?2m，西段最寬8m。舒緩波狀，物質成份主要由硅化凝灰?guī)r、含礫凝灰?guī)r、角礫巖、糜棱巖、裂隙破碎巖帶等組成。熱液活動深部顯示較強，地表微弱。主要表現(xiàn)為硅化、赤鐵礦化、含鈾炭質物，顯示與鈾礦化的密切關系。Thestructureofthedepositsaremainlysteepinterlayersilicifiedfracturezone(F15)andNWWtothetwogroupstructure.F15interlayersilicifiedfracturedzone,isthemainore-controlling,ore-bearingstructure.Inthenorthofhempfloorfracturezone,developmentalongthegravelcrystalignimbriteandtuffgravelinterface.Trend260~280 tendencyin350~200 ,theangle60?75°,long4.5km,width0.2~2m,widthofthe8m.Slowwaveshape,materialcompositionismainlycomposedofsilicifiedtuff,lapillituff,breccia,mylonite,fracturerockbeltetc..Hydrothermalactivitydeepshowedstrongweak,surface.Mainlyforthesilicification,hematitization,uraniumcontainingcarbonmatter,showsacloserelationshipwithuraniummineralization.1.2地球物理特征oftheearth'sphysicalcharacteristics區(qū)內(nèi)放射性元素在各地層中分布具有明顯差異。 鈾含量從新到老，從上到下的變化趨勢如表1，古近系鈾含量最低，寒武系釷含量最低，紫紅色晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r鉀最低，大片地段為零。據(jù)礦床鈾鐳平衡系數(shù)測定，地表稍偏鐳，整個礦床平衡，且變化較小，為測區(qū)開展放射性物探工作提供了良好的條件。 水中鈾含量及氡濃度都較低，鈾一般為10X10-7克/升，氡約72.9Bq/升，水質類型為SiO2-H-N型為主。Radioactiveelementswithintheareadistributionhasobviousdiffereneeineachlayerinthe.Uraniumcontentfromthenewtotheold,fromthetrendtothenextastable1,Paleogeneuraniumcontentwasthelowest,theCambrianthoriumcontentwasthelowest,purplecrystalfusedtuffpotassiumminimum,largeareaiszero.AccordingtothedeterminationofdepositU-Raequilibriumcoefficient,thesurfaceslightlyradium,thedepositbalanee,andthechangeissmall,measuringtheradioactivegeophysicalprospectingworkhasprovidedgoodconditions.Thecontentofuraniumandradonconcentrationinwaterarelow,uraniumis10 10Xg/L,radonisabout72.9Bq/litersofwaterquality,typeSiO2-H-N.地面伽瑪能譜的應用與成果Applicationandresultsof2groundgamma-rayspectrum2.1野外工作方法及技術措施2.1fieldworkmethodsandtechnicalmeasures1:2000伽瑪能譜測量，采用規(guī)則測網(wǎng),用高精度GPS測量儀布置基線，測線距為20m，誤差不超過0.1米。測線長不超過1000m，測線用地質羅盤定方位,點距為10m，用2m木桿丈量，每100m誤差不超過2m?；€基本平行主要控礦構造和巖層走向。測網(wǎng)精度均達到規(guī)范要求。測網(wǎng)覆蓋整個測區(qū)的多種巖性,礦體，構造以及斷裂帶。1:2000gammaspectrummeasurement,usingtheregularsurveygrid,usinghighprecisionGPSmeterisarrangedatbaseline,linespacingis20m,theerrorisnotmorethan0.1meters.Totallengthisnotmorethan1000m,linewithgeologicalcompassorientation,distaneeis10m,2mwoodmeasurement,theerrorislessthan2mper100m.Baselinesubstantiallyparalleltothemainore-controllingstructureandstrike.Measurementprecisionreachedthestandardrequirements.Monitoringnetworkcoveringthewholeareaofthelithology,orebody,structureandfracturezone.2.2異常特征及推斷anomaliesandinferenee從圖中圈出的偏高場分布來看，總量偏高場共劃分7個，編號分別為刀1?7號，鈾偏高場、高場共劃分20個暈圈片或暈圈帶，編號分別為U1?20。其中U1?5號是位于5103礦場西段500m的F15和上增斷裂交匯部分；U6?9號偏高場位于上增斷裂西北和磷石下斷裂附近； U10?13號位于測區(qū)磷石下斷裂西北。U14?17號位于F15帶附近；U18?20號位于麻地坑處?；窘M成三個鈾遠景片。I級遠景片由2、4號偏高場組成。U級遠景片由5、7、14、16偏高場組成；III級遠景片由1、3、6、8、9、10、11、12、13、15、17、18、19、20組成。Fromthepointofviewofdrawingcirclehighfielddistribution,thetotalisdividedinto7,numbered 藝1~7,higheruraniumfield,highfieldisdividedinto20haloorhalozone,numberedU1~20.U1~5islocatedonthe5103fieldof500mF15andincreasedfractureintersectionpart;fracturenearU6~9islocatedonthenorthwestandphosphorusincreasedfractureunderthestone;U10~13islocatedinthenorthwestareaofphosphorusundertherockfracture.U14~17intheF15zone;U18~20mApitlocatedat.Thebasiccompositionofthreeuraniumprospectstablets.Compositionofvisionby2,No.

4highfield.IIvisionchipconsistsof5,7,14,16highfield;IIIvisioniscomposedof1,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,17,18,19,20.圖1工作區(qū)鈾異常及總量異常分布圖AnomalydistributionmapFigure1workareaandthetotaluraniumanomalyI級遠景片由2、4號偏高場組成。Compositionofvisionby2,No.4highfield.2號U偏高場位于F15帶上，產(chǎn)于含礫凝灰?guī)r和晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r的接觸界面附近。U含量一般7?16.4ppm,最高含量達21.8ppm。偏高場呈東西展布，長420m,寬20m?150m，場值較高。通過實地檢查，為5103礦床礦化引起，有較好的找礦意義，可進一步擴邊探深擴大遠景地段。UhighfieldislocatedintheF15zone,neartotuffandtuffgravelchipweldinginterface.Ucontentisgenerally7~16.4ppm,thehighestcontentofupto21.8ppm.Highfieldineast-westdistribution,long420m,wide20m~150m,fieldvaluesofhigher.Throughon-the-spotinspection,duetothe5103mineralization,havegoodprospectingsignificanee,furtherexpansionofsoundingexpandprospectarea.4號位于大塘肚北面和5103礦床南側，產(chǎn)于次流紋斑巖（入n）花崗斑巖（丫冗）的上盤。高場值連續(xù)性較好，暈圈呈東西向，長 220m，寬80m?130m。U含量一般8?12ppm,局部最高達27.7ppm。前人在此進行過鉆探淺部探索，見有藍礦化，可進一步擴邊探深尋找深部礦化擴大遠景。No.4islocatedinNorthandSouthTong5103deposit,producedinthesecondaryrhyoliteporphyry(lambdaPI)andgranite( 丫冗)ofthehangingwall.Highfieldvaluebettercontinuity,halowaseast-west,long220m,wide80m-130m.Ucontentisgenerally8~12ppm,thelocalhighupto27.7ppm.Thepredecessorinthistooshallowdrillingexploration,seebluemineralization,furtherexpansionofdeepinsearchofdeepmineralizationprospectextension.U級遠景片由5、7、14、16號4個U偏高場組成。visionchipconsistsof5,7,14,16,4Uhighfield.5號位于上增斷裂帶東側，產(chǎn)于紫紅色晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r （K23C-2）中，附近有一個800丫的異常點。U含量一般7?9ppm，長340m，寬40m?140m，連續(xù)性較好，暈圈呈北東向。上增斷裂為成礦有利地段，有一定的找礦意義，可進行深部探索。No.5islocatedintheeastofafaultzone,producedinthepurplecrystalweldedtuff(K23c-2),abnormalpointofa800gammanear.Ucontentis

generally7~9ppm,length340m,width40m~140m,goodcontinuity,halone-trending.Afaultisthemineralizationfavorableareas,hasacertainsignificaneeinprospectingfordeepexploration.7號位于磷石下斷裂下盤，產(chǎn)于紫紅色晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r（K23C-2）和含礫凝灰?guī)r。U含量一般7?9ppm，長190m，寬70m?100m，連續(xù)性較好，暈圈呈北東向。受磷石下斷裂控制，有一定的找礦意義。No.7inphosphorusrockunderthefootwall,producedinthepurplecrystalweldedtuff（K23c-2）andpebbledtuff.Ucontentisgenerally7~9ppm,length190m,width70m~100m,goodcontinuity,halone-trending.Thephosphaterockfracturecontrol,haveacertainsignificaneetooreprospecting.14號位于F15帶南側，處于細花崗巖（丫52巖性中，受中基性巖脈與磷石下斷裂和花崗斑巖（Yn）向。U含量一般7?15ppm。長150m,寬80m?100m。連續(xù)性好，成礦有利。對找礦有意義。No.14islocatedinthesouthoftheF15band,infinegranite（ 丫52）lithology,themaficdikesandphosphorusrockfractureandporphyrygranite（ 丫冗）effect.ThecontentofUis7~15ppm.Long150m,wide80m-100m.Goodcontinuity,mineralization.Thereissignificancetooreprospecting.16號位于F15帶附近，產(chǎn)于含礫凝灰?guī)r（K23a-7）中。U含量一般7ppm?10.8ppm，長250m，寬50m?160m。可能受F15影響，成礦性大，對地質找礦意義較大。值得繼續(xù)工作。No.16islocatedintheF15zone,producedinthegraveltuff（K23a-7）.Ucontentingeneral7ppm~10.8ppm,length250m,width50m~160m.MaybeaffectedbyF15,mineralization,thegeologicalprospectingsignificance.Tocontinuetowork.級遠景片由1、3、6、8、9、10、11、12、13、15、17、18、19、20組成。IIIvisioniscomposedof1,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,17,18,19,20.1、17號產(chǎn)于紫紅色晶屑熔結凝灰?guī)r（K23C-2）中，U含量一般7?11ppm,偏高場的展布方向成正北方向。由幾個小暈圈組成，規(guī)模小， U含量低，連續(xù)性差，無構造痕跡，找礦意義不大。1,No.17inpurplecrystalignimbrite（K23c-2）,Ucontentisgenerally7~11ppm,intothenorthdirectionofhighfield.Composition,consistsofseveralsmallhaloofsmallscale,lowUcontent,poorcontinuity,nostructuraltraces,prospectingsignificance.

3號U偏高場位于5103礦床附近，分布于坑道口及堆礦場。U含量一般12.8ppm?33.4ppm,最高含量為1109.8ppm。長600m，寬80?230m，場值高，連續(xù)性較好。經(jīng)實地調(diào)查由坑口、堆礦場礦渣以及流水沖積礦渣形成的大面積異常。無找礦意義。Uhighfieldislocatedinthe5103depositsnear,distributedintheaditandoreyard.Ucontentingeneral12.8ppm~33.4ppm,themaximumwas1109.8ppm.Long600m,width80~230m,thefieldvalueishigh,goodcontinuity.BasedontheinvestigationfromHangHau,mineslagheapandlargeareaofwaterslagformationofalluvialanomalies.Noprospectingsignificanee.6、8?13、15、17?20號暈圈場值低，連續(xù)性差，無構造痕跡，由花崗斑巖和晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r（K23C-2）局部增高引起，找礦意義不大。6,8-13,15,17~20,halofieldvalueislow,poorcontinuity,nostructuraltraces,bythegraniteporphyryandtuff(K23c-2)chipweldinglocalincreasing,prospectingsignificanee.從整體來看，鈾的暈圈帶的面積遠大于總量的異常面積，其中 U-4、U-7和U-14這幾個較高的鈾偏高場并未在總量暈圈里，這幾個異常帶分別受幾個主要控礦構造帶控制，都具