山東省德州市夏津縣2023年考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試題含解析

山東省德州市夏津縣2023年考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Jakewasbornhealthy,buthisparentsnoticedtherewassomethingwrongwhenhewas5.Jake1about20poundsinjustsixmonths.Hekeptputtingonweight2eatingonlysalad.In2015,JakewasdiagnosedwithROHHAD,a3conditionthataffectsthebrainandcausesrapidweightgain.Only75caseshaveeverbeenreported,and4ofthesufferersisknowntohavesurvivedtwentyyears.ButJakewantstofightforhis5.Althoughthereisnowaytofully6theweightgain,hedoeseverythinghecantoslowitdown,including7competingintriathlons(鐵人三項(xiàng)).Triathlonshelphimkeepfitandactive.It’sgoodforhis8andalsogiveshimachancetosocializewithotherkids.He9withtheMaltaYouthTriathlonAssociationthreetimesaweek.“Heisextremely10.Henevermissesatrainingsessionwithoutvalid11andisconstantlyeagertotrain,”Jake’strainersaid.“Jakeisverylovableandstealstheheartofallwhoknowhim.It’sheartbreakingtoseewhathehasto12.Ilookathisfamilywithamixtureof13—despitethehardshiptheytrytheirbesttoensurethatJakegetsas14alifeaspossible.”EverybodyismorethanhappytohelpJake,andthey15changeeventdatesandtrainingschedulesjusttomakeiteasierforhimto16.Heisalwaysverydetermined,butduetohiscondition,hecan’t17himselftopushhisheartratetoohigh.Jake’s18istomeettwofamousBritishTriathlonplayers,19duetohisdisease,hecannottravel.AfterJake’sstorywasmadepublic,someone20thathewoulddoeverythinghecouldtomaketheboy’sdreamareality.1、A．collected B．gained C．reduced D．recovered2、A．for B．beyond C．without D．despite3、A．rare B．poor C．difficult D．deadly4、A．each B．one C．none D．neither5、A．goal B．life C．career D．future6、A．influence B．reduce C．a(chǎn)ffect D．stop7、A．strongly B．faithfully C．regularly D．truly8、A．mind B．health C．heart D．growth9、A．trains B．plays C．works D．competes10、A．proud B．smart C．positive D．caring11、A．reason B．evidence C．result D．date12、A．seethrough B．getacross C．gothrough D．putdown13、A．expressions B．feelings C．tastes D．ideas14、A．impressive B．regretful C．crazy D．normal15、A．luckily B．gladly C．impatiently D．unwillingly16、A．join B．believe C．a(chǎn)ttend D．organize17、A．stop B．a(chǎn)llow C．pretend D．protect18、A．dream B．task C．intention D．story19、A．but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．so20、A．warned B．explained C．predicted D．a(chǎn)nnouncedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1EndlessplayingofsongslikeAllIwantforChristmasinshopsduringthefestiveseasondoesn’tjustdriveusmad—thesongsalsomakeusmorecarelesswithourmoney,researchhaswarned.WhilerepeatedperformanceofJingleBellsmayseemlikeaninnocentattempttoraisecustomers’spiritsduringthenightmareofChristmasshopping,thesongsalsohaveamoredelicateimpact.“Backgroundmusic,or“Muzak”,canbeusedbymarketerstoimposecultures---suchasthecommercializationofChristmas---ontoconsumersandinfluencetheirbehaviour,”expertssaid.Dr.AlanBradshawofRoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon,said,“Festivejinglesareforce-fedtoChristmasshoppersinabidtochangetheirmood,influencetheirsenseoftimeandwhatsortofproductstheybuy.Inotherwords,thisisanattempttocontrolyourshoppinghabitsinawaythatyoumighthardlybeawareof.”“Oftenwearetoldthatwehavethefreedomtochoosewherewewanttoshop,butduringChristmastheuseofmusicinthiswayissocommonthatourfreedomtochoosedisappears.”Dr.BradshawandProfMorrisHolbrookofColumbiaUniversityexaminedthephenomenonandfoundthatretailersoften“dumbdown”themusicplayedinshopstorelaxcustomers,meaningitiseasiertocontroltheirbehaviour.Itisthoughtthatslowingdowntherhythmofmusicinshopscantrickcustomersintothinkinglesstimehaspassed,andthereforespendmoretimeexaminingtheshelves,forexample.Someprovidersofbackgroundmusichavebeenknowntopromotetheirservicesbyclaimingtheycanboostprofitsbycontrollingthebehaviourofcustomers.“Acommontrickistotakeapopularcurrentsongandrecordaninstrumentalversionwhichcanbesloweddownorspedupatdifferenttimeofthedaytoinfluencebehaviourindifferentways,”Dr.Bradshawsaid.Backgroundmusicisoftenclassedas“Muzak”inhonoroftheSeattle-basedcompanywhichbeganproducingitssoft-soundingmelodiesinthe1930s.1、AccordingtoDr.Bradshaw,inwhatwaysdoesChristmasmusicinfluencecustomers?①theirmood②theirincome③theirsenseoftime④thesortofproductstheybuyA．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④2、Shopkeepersslowdowntherhythmofmusicinshopsto___________.A．letcustomersspendmoretimeshoppingB．makecustomersandsalesassistantsrelaxedC．letcustomersenjoythebeautifulmusicD．helpcustomersfindwhattheyreallywant3、Whatkindofmusicisnowoftenadaptedtoinfluencecustomersinshops?A．Classicalmusic B．Popularmodernsongs. C．Folksongs. D．Jazzmusic.4、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．MusicmakeshappyChristmasB．Christmas“Muzak”C．HowtomakeChristmasmusic?D．ChristmasmusicmakesusspendmoreText2Noteveryparentlooksforwardtothedaywhentheirchildgoesofftoschool.Infactsomeparentsarenotsendingtheirchildrentoschoolatall.Insteadtheyarechoosingtoteachtheirchildrenathome.Thisiscalledhomeschooling.Parents,caregivers,orprivatetutorseducatechildrenindividuallyathomeinsteadofsendingthemofftobeformallyeducatedinpublicorprivateschools.IntheU.S.onlyaboutthreepercentofchildrenarehomeschooled.Therearemanyreasonswhysomeparentschoosetohomeschool.Onereasonisthatsomeparentsdonotfeeltheirchildrenaresafeinschoolbecauseofbullying（恃強(qiáng)凌弱）.Itissaidthatbullyingisverycommonintheschool.Otherparentswanttheirchildren'seducationtobebasedontheirreligionormoralbeliefs.Yetotherparentsthinktheeducationinschoolisnotgoodenough.Homeschoolingisalsoseenasachoiceforfamiliesthatliveinruralareas,andfamiliesthatmovefrequently.Therearemanydifferentwaystohomeschool,andhomeschoolingallowsparentstodesignlessonsbasedontheirchildren'sneeds.Familiescanpurchasetextbookstouseorcreatetheirownmaterials.Someparentsfollowaphilosophycalledunschooling,whichallowsachildtodeterminewhenandhowtheywanttolearnbasedontheirnaturalability.Someworrythathomeschoolingmeansstudentswon'thaveopportunitiestocommunicatewithothers.Tosolvethisproblem,somefamilieshavecreatedactivities,whereagroupofhomeschooledstudentswilllearnandplaytogetherandparticipateinactivitiesthatwouldnormallyhappeninschoollikefieldtrips.Besides,beinghomeschooleddoesn'tmeanastudentcannotgotocollege.Mostcollegesaccepthomeschooledstudents.Andthehomeschooledstudentscangetthesamedegrees,too.1、HowmanyAmericanstudentsgotopublicorprivateschools?A．About3%.B．About97%.C．About50%.D．About70%.2、Whichisthereasonthatsomeparentschoosehomeschooling?A．Schoolbullyingexistsinsomeschools.B．Someparentscannotaffordtheeducationfeesinschool.C．Somechildrenwanttheireducationtobebasedontheirreligion.D．Someparentsthinktheschoolistoofaraway.3、Whatwilltheparentsdotohelptheirchildrencommunicate?A．Theparentscanbuysometextbooks.B．Theparentswillallowchildrentochoosewhattolearn.C．Theparentswillorganizethechildrentoplaytogether.D．Theparentswillteachthechildrenbythemselves.4、Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Homeschooledstudentscannotgetenoughchancestogotocollege.B．Americancollegesarefondofthehomeschooledstudents.C．HomeschooledstudentsfinditeasytogotosomeAmericancolleges.D．Homeschooledstudentshavethesamerightsasstudentswhoareformallyeducatedinschools.Text3Wolvesstrikefearintotheheartsofmanyspecies,humansincluded.Ourfearofthemhasbroughtthemtotheedgeofdyingout,aswehavecruellykilledthemascompetitorsandtrouble-makers.Butresearchersarediscoveringthattheveryfeartheyputintoprey（被捕食者）speciesisexactlywhathelpsmakeecosystems（生態(tài)）healthy.YellowstoneNationalParkisatypicalexampleofjusthowwolvescanhelprepairanecosystem.AnOctober2018studyanalyzed40yearsofresearchonlargeanimalsinsidethepark.“Yellowstonehasbenefitedfromthereintroductionofwolvesinwaysthatwedidnotanticipate,especiallythecomplexityofbiologicalinteractions（互動）inthepark,”explainedMarkBoyce,aprofessorintheDepartmentofBiologicalSciences.“Wewerereallysurprisedatthatandwe’dneverhaveseentheseresponsesiftheparkhadn’tadoptedecological-processmanagement—allowingnaturalecologicalprocessestotakeplacewithleasthumanintervention.”Afterthewolveswerere-introducedatYellowstone,willowandcottonwoodtreesincreasedinnumber.Thepopulationofbearsandbisonalsoroseandwhatwasoncearulingdeer-wolfinteractionisnowmorediverse.Tolearnmoreaboutjusthowwolvesarebeneficial,ashortdocumentaryfromQuestexplainshowthepresenceofwolvesinfluencesthebehaviorofdeer,whicheventuallymakesentireecosystemsmorebiologicallydiverseandhealthy.Inthisdocumentary,biologistAaronWirsingexploredwhywolvesandothertoppredators（捕食者）wereneededfordiverseecosystemstodevelop.Usingasimplevideocamera,Wirsingisgainingauniqueviewpointonpredator-preyrelationshipsandchangingthewaywethinkaboutwolves.Theresearchisonemorepieceofevidenceforwhyprotectingthesetoppredatorsisimportantnotjustforwolvesasaspecies,butforhundredsofspeciesateverylevelofanecosystem.Thefeartheybringalongmaybetheveryanglethathelpssavethemfromdyingout.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anticipate”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Expect. B．Understand.C．Notice. D．Accept.2、Forwhatpurposewasadocumentarymade?A．Tointroducehowwolvesbehaveinthewild.B．Toshowhowwolvesbenefitfromecosystems.C．TorecordhowAaronWirsingobservedwolves.D．Tostudywhatgoodwolvescandotoecosystems.3、Whatisthesignificanceoftheresearch?A．Itproveswolvesfeedonhundredsofspecies.B．Ithelpsprovetheimportanceofprotectingwolves.C．Itshowsthecomplexrelationshipsbetweenspecies.D．Itprovidesevidencethatwolvesareendangeredanimals.4、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thefearofwolvesisbeneficialtoecosystems.B．Thefearofwolvesputthemindangerofdisappearing.C．YellowstoneNationalParkowesitshealthyecosystemstowolves.D．TheintroductionofwolvesinYellowstoneNationalParkisasuccess.Text4ChristmaseventsinLosAngelesYouwon'tfindsnow-coveredtreesandbelow-zerotemperaturesinLA,buttherearestillplentyofChristmaseventsandholidayactivitiestogetyouinvolved.BeverlyHillsHolidayLightingCeremonyRodeoDrive,BeverlyHillsSundayDecember17,2017DuringChristmas,youcanseethetwinklinglightsanywherealongRodeoDrivebetweenSantaMonicaandWilshireBoulevards.Onweekendsthroughouttheholidayseason,youcanswingbythePaleyCentertomeetSantaorboardatrolleybuswithMrs.Claus.HollywoodChristmasParadeVariouslocationsinLASundayDecember17,2017Nowinits84thyear,theannualHollywoodChristmasParadewillfeaturefloats,balloons,bandsandHollywoodstarsastheyrideinaU-shapedroutethatbeginsatHollywoodandOrangeandendsupatSunsetandOrange.Reservedseatscanbepurchased,butfreesideseatingisalsoavailable.CulverCityDowntownHolidayTreeLightingCelebrationMusicCenter,DowntownMondayDecember18,2017DowntownCulverCitylightsuptheholidayseasonatTownSquare.Thecityopenstheswitchonitsrespectablegreentree:a22-footRockyMountainpinewithover7,500LEDlights.Stickaroundforhotcocoaandcookies,alongwithaspecialvisitfromSanta.Parkfreefortwohoursinthenearbyparkingspaces.AngelCityBandHolidayConcertandSing-AlongPomonaFridayDecember22,2017—SundayDecember24,2017HeadovertotheMethodistChurchtolistenandsingalongtoChristmasclassics.The160-memberAngelCityBand,famousforitsclassical,pop,worldandcontemporary,isputtingon“BringontheJoy”itsannualholidayconcert.Sojoininontheholidaytradition.1、WhereshouldyougotohaveabusridewithMrs.Claus?A．MethodistChurch,Pomona.B．TownSquare,CulverCity.C．RodeoDrive,BeverlyHills.D．HollywoodandOrange.2、WhatdoyouknowabouttheChristmastreeatTownSquare?A．It'sthetallestChristmastreeintheUS.B．It'scollectedfromRockyMountain.C．Itoffersfreedrinksandfoodtovisitors.D．IthasthemostChristmaslightsinthecity.3、IfyouareatravelerinLosAngeles,youcan.A．meetSantaandMrs.ClausthroughouttheweekB．reserveseatstoviewtheHollywoodChristmasparadeC．switchonthegreentreebyyourselfD．singanddancealongwiththebandPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankEathealthierwithoutquittingsugarNotlongago,fatwasregardedastheevilforahealthydietBeforethatitwassaltNowthesugar-freediet1．(explode)ontothehealthscene—andseemstohavetoppedmanypeople’slistofNewYear’sresolutionsSugar-freedietsencouragepeopletoavoidsweetenerssuchashoney,softdrinksandsomefruitsSomealsorecommend2．(restrict)dairyproductsThediet’sadvocatesnotethatexcessivesugarconsumptionmayincreasetheriskofheartdiseaseandsomecancersSomanysugar-freefollowersavoidmilk,yoghurtandcheese3．theassumptionthattheseproductscontainsugarsIt’strueweareswallowingtoomuchofthesweetstuff,withtheaverageAmericanconsumingaround20teaspoonsof4．(add)sugaradayButyoudon’tneed5．(quit)sugarforhealthyeatingQuittingsugarisunlikelytoimproveyourhealthanymorethancuttingdownonover-processedfoodsandeatingmorevegetablesResearchshowsdietingisnoteffectiveoverthelongtermandcanleadtogreaterweightgainovertimeThebraininterpretsdietingandrestrictionashunger,6．causesthestorageoffatBesides,thesugar-freedietisconfusingandimposesasetofrulesthat7．(make)upwithoutscientificevidenceSucharestrictivedietcancreatefoodfearoranunhealthyrelationshipwithfoodPeoplewhoworryaboutfoodaremorelikelytodietThismaybe8．theyareworriedabouttheirweight,orabouttheimpactcertainnutrientshaveontheirhealthThroughseriesofexperiments,9．theresearchersarecertainaboutisthatyoucaneatplentyofplants,enjoywholegrainsandbeansFruitisyourfriend,notyourenemyMostpeoplecouldprobablyeatalittlelesssugar,alittle10．(often),butyoudon’thavetoquititforgoodtobehealthyDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankWhenJenniferLawrencetrippedonherwaytoacceptherbestactressOscaroneyear,herpinkprincess-likeDiordress1．(capture)inallitsgloryTheunscriptedmomentbecamehottopicthroughoutsocialmediaThatbonusair-timeforasingledressatoneoftheworldsglobaleventsispricelessforthelikesofDior,oneofthe2．(influential)fashionhousesintheluxurymarketplaceSuccessontheredcarpetcanearnexposureandprofitsforluxurybrandsforyears3．(come)Theredcarpet,whichwillbetelevisedlivebeforeAcademyAwardceremony,presentsagreatopportunityforadesignertoreachanaudiencethatexpands4．thefashionsettingTheLawrencedressreceivedabout40millionmentionsonvarioussocialmediaOnewayofestimatingthemonetarybenefitsofhavingastandoutdressontheredcarpetistocomparehowmuchabrandwouldotherwisespendoncommercialadvertisingduringthesametime5．Lawrencehadonly75secondsofsolocameratimeforherOscaracceptancespeech,Diorhadtopaymorethan$4millionforacommercialspotofthesamedurationonsimilaroccasionsAndthisdidn'tincludethetime6．(devote)toLawrenceandherdressonthepre-showtelevisedredcarpetLawrence,23,hadanadvertisingcontractwithDior7．thegroup’sdealwithLawrenceaffecteditssaleswasclearlystatedinitsannualfinancialreportThatyear,thegroupclothingsection’sprofits8．(total)165millioneuros,up26percentfromthepreviousyearHeston,thefounderofapublicityfirm,9．successstoriesincludeintroducingJimmyChooshoesanddesignerSaabtoHollywood,believesthattheOscarredcarpetistodaydominatedbyestablishedluxurybrandsFindingitmuchmoredifficulttocompetewithbigbrandnamestodresssuperstarsonbigevents,manyyoungdesignersturnto10．(bet)onpromisingrisingstars,expectinganovernightsuccessiftheyoungstarsrisetosuddenfameSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)BestWaytoSaveMoneyAlthoughthebestwaytosavemoneycanvaryfrompersontoperson,dependingonage,familysizeandothercharacteristics,therearestillsomeeasythingsthatallshopperscandotokeepmoremoneyintheirbankaccounts.●Avoidimpulse(沖動的)purchases.Whenyoushop,abestwaytosavemoneyistohaveaplaninmindtohelpyouavoidimpulsepurchases.1、Andyouonlycarrytheexactamountofcashthatyouwillneedforyourplannedpurchase.Someshoppersagreetodiscussanypurchasesoveracertaindollaramountwiththeirspouses(配偶)first.●2、Sometimesthebestwaytosavemoneyinthelongtermistospendalittlemoremoneyrightnow.3、Ahigh-qualitypairofshoeswilllastlongerthanabargainpairandpreventfootpain.Leaner(瘦的)cutsofmeatandorganicproduceprovidehealthbenefitsforyourfamily.●Buysecondhand.Checkclassifiedads,thriftstoresandgaragesalesforusedclothing,toys,furniture,andmuchmoreavailableatapartoftheiroriginalcost.4、Andtheremembersofferunwanteditemsforfreetoanyonewillingtopickthemup.●Borrowinsteadofbuy.Ifyou’reonlygoingtousesomethingonce,trytoborrowitinsteadofspendingyourmoneyonit.Borrowatoolfromyourneighbor.5、Checkouttheresourcesatyourlocallibrary.You’llalsobereducingdisorderinyourhome.A．Makethingsbyyourself.B．Exchangebookswithafriend.C．Knowwhentopayforquality.D．Refusetobuythingsyoucan’tuse.E.Forinstance,youmightleaveyourcreditcardsathome.F.Agoodpieceoffurniturecanstayinthefamilyfordecades.G.Forthemostsecondhandsavings,checkoutgroupslikeFreecycle.HowtoEnjoyLifeAsaTeenThe"bestyearsofyourlife"?Maybenot,butyoucanlearntomakethemostofyourhighschooldays.1.Learntoappreciatesmallthings.Whetherit'shavingacomputer,havingfriends,havingagoodsupplyoffood,abedtosleepon,familythatlovesyou,havingadecenteducationorsimplybeingborninthisworld.

1、.Behappy,andlifewillrewardyou.Rememberthatthesearethelastfewyearsyouwillbeabletoenjoyyourselfwithouthavingtoworryabouttheresponsibilityofanadult,butmakesureyouprepareyourselfforwhenyoudobecomeone.2.Goforit!Ifyouhaveaspecialgirl/guyyouwanttoaskout,dancewith,etc.justask!Youprobablywon'tberejectedbutifyouare,rememberthattherewillalwaysbesomeoneelsethatlikesyouforwhoyouare.2、.About90%ofthegirlsorguysyoutalktowilllikeyouback,onlyabout10%probablywillrejectorbadmouthyou.3.3、.ThereisnothingmoresatisfyingthanseeingyourhardworkpayoffintheformofA'sandB's(butmainlyA's).Thisalsosetsyouuptogetintoacollegeyouwanttogoto,whichinturnpreparesyouforacareeryouwillenjoy,improvingyourqualityoflifeinthefuture.You'llgetcheapcarinsuranceaswellifyouhaveatleastaBorAaverage.4.Youcanpursueinterestsyouenjoy.Videogames,forexample,aregoodifyou'rethetypewhocangetintothatkindofthing.

4、.