日喀則地區(qū)昂仁縣2023年考研《英語一》模擬預測試卷含解析

日喀則地區(qū)昂仁縣2023年考研《英語一》模擬預測試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iwasshoppinginastore,whenalittleboy1mewithadollinhishandandasked,“Sir,the2toldmeIdon’thaveenoughmoneyforthedoll.Canyoucountitforme?”Ididasheaskedandgaveadisappointing3tohim.Thelittleboywasstill4thedoll.“It’sthedollthatmysisterwantedsomuch.Iwantedto5herforherBirthday.ButshehasgonetobewithGod.DaddysaysthatMommyisgoingtoseeGod

verysoontoo;6Ithoughtthatshecouldtakethedollwithhertogiveitto

mysister.”Thenhelookedagainatthedollwith7eyes,veryquietly.Iquickly8

formywalletandsaidtotheboy.“Supposewecheckagain,just9youdohaveenoughmoneyforthedoll?”Heagreedwithhopefuleyes.

I10someofmymoneytohis11seeing.

Therewasenoughforthedollandevensome12money.IfinishedmyshoppinginatotallydifferentstatefromwhenI13.I

couldn’tgetthelittleboyoutofmy14ThenIrememberedapieceofnewsthata15maninatruckhitacar16byayoungwomanandalittlegirl.Thelittlegirldied17,

andthemotherwasleftinacriticalstate.Twodays18thisencounterwiththelittle

boy,Ireadinthenewspaperthattheyoungwomanhad19.Icouldn’t

stopmyself.The20thatthelittleboyhadforhismotherandhissisterisstill,to

thisday,hardtoimagine.Andinafractionofasecond,adrunkdriverhad

takenallthisawayfromhim…1、A．providedB．turnedtoC．greetedD．turnedup2、A．cashierB．guideC．customerD．guard3、A．permissionB．replyC．allowanceD．impression4、A．takingB．showingC．holdingD．keeping5、A．celebrateB．appreciateC．sendD．gift6、A．soB．butC．thereD．besides7、A．regretfulB．guiltyC．sadD．surprised8、A．appliedB．reachedC．pickedD．found9、A．asifB．evenifC．sothatD．incase10、A．putB．attachedC．addedD．saved11、A．beyondB．withoutC．withinD．from12、A．spareB．abundantC．availableD．possible13、A．sawB．startedC．stayedD．entered14、A．abilityB．heartC．mindD．control15、A．tiredB．sleepyC．lostD．drunk16、A．occupiedB．drivenC．obtainedD．bought17、A．bycoincidenceB．byaccidentC．rightnowD．rightaway18、A．beforeB．afterC．atD．upon19、A．wentthroughB．turnedawayC．passedawayD．diedout20、A．connectionB．admirationC．loveD．gratitudeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ABriefIntroductiontoSomeDictionariesNormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850DictionaryThishandytranslatorprovidesyouwith5,000,000totaltranslationtoandfromSpanishandEnglish!Thisdictionaryisspeciallydesignedforalllevelsoflanguageskillfrombeginnertoadvanced.BrandV7Dictionary/TranslatorThisspecialmodelfeaturesthelargestandmostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary.AdvancedEnglishspeech,accentcorrectionfunctionandspecializedtermsdatabasewillhelpyoucommunicate.Businessorganizerswillallowyoutostayintouchwiththeworldthroughallkindsofadvancedfeatures.SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionaryItisthenearestwordfinder.Itisalsogreatforcrosswordpuzzles.Itwillshowyouthetime,dayanddateoflocaltimezoneandthesameforover100citiesthroughouttheworldbysimplyenteringthefirstletterofthenameofthecity.EctacoKD-800Dictionary/TranslatorThisadvancedtalkinghandheldtranslatorfeaturesthefollowingdictionaries:thegeneralEnglish-Koreandictionaryfor215,905entries（詞條）；popularKorean-Englishdictionaryfor183,279entries,andthedictionaryofChinesetraditionalcharactersfor7,24entries.TheLingoTraveler18ItisagreatvalueaswellasanInternationaltranslator.Drawonover96,000wordsand8,000usefulphrases.Equippedwithapowerfuldatabank,TheLingoTraveler18allowsyoutostoreallofyourappointments,telephonenumbers,andaddresses.1、WhichdictionarycanBetty'smotherbuytohelpherdaughterimproveherSpanish?A．NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850DictionaryB．EctacoKD-800Dictionary/TranslatorC．SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionaryD．BrandV7Dictionary/Translator2、WhatisthefunctionofTheLingoTraveler18?A．Itprovidesyouwith96,000phrasesand8,000words.B．Itshowsyouthetime,dayanddateoflocaltimezoneover100cities.C．Youcanstoreyourappointments,telephonenumbersandaddressesinit.D．Itwillallowyoutostayintouchwiththeworldthroughallkindsofadvancedfeatures.3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthedictionariesfromthetext?A．TheLingoTraveler18isapopularKorean-EnglishandChinesedictionary.B．NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850Dictionaryisthenearestwordfinder.C．EctacoKD-800Dictionary/Translatorisdesignedforalllevelsoflanguageskill.D．BrandV7Dictionary/TranslatoristhemostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary.Text2Ithurtstokeepsecrets.Secrecy(保密)isassociatedwithlowerwell-being,worsehealth,andlesssatisfyingrelationships.Researchhaslinkedsecrecytoincreasedanxiety,depression,symptomsofpoorhealth,andeventhemorerapidprogressionofdisease.Thereisaseeminglyobviousexplanationfortheseharms:hidingsecretsishardwork.Youhavetowatchwhatyousay.Newresearch,however,suggeststhattheharmofsecretsdoesn’treallycomefromthehidingafterall.Therealproblemwithkeepingasecretisnotthatyouhavetohideit,butthatyouhavetolivewithit,andthinkaboutit.Tobetterunderstandtheharmsofsecrecy,researchersfirstsetouttounderstandwhatsecretspeoplekeep,andhowoftentheykeepthem.Theyfoundthat97%ofpeoplehaveatleastonesecretatanygivenmoment,andpeoplehave,onaverage,13secrets.Acrossseveralstudies,researchersaskedparticipantstoestimatehowfrequentlytheyhidtheirsecretduringconversationswithothers,andalsohowfrequentlytheythoughtaboutthesecretoutsideofsocialinteractions.Theyfoundthatthemorefrequentlypeoplesimplythoughtabouttheirsecrets,thelowertheirwell-being.Followingupthisresearch,anewpaperrevealswhythinkingaboutsecretsissoharmful.Turningthequestionaround,theconsequencesoftellingsecretsareexamined.Researchersfoundthatwhenapersonrevealsasecrettoathirdparty,itdoesnotreducehowoftentheyhavetohidethesecretfromotherswhoarestillkeptinthedark.Rather,itreduceshowoftentheirmindwanderstowardthesecretinirrelevantmoments.Therefore,ifyouchoosetostillkeepsomethingsecret,talkingtoanotherpersoncanmaketheworldofdifference.Secretsdon’thavetohurtasmuchastheydo.1、Whichisnotoneoftheharmsofkeepingsecrets?A．Beingphysicallysick. B．Mentalproblems.C．Harmedrelationships. D．Hidingsomewhere.2、Whyiskeepingsecretssoharmful?A．Becauseyoumusthidethem.B．Becauseyouoftenthinkaboutthem.C．Becauseit’sdifficulttokeepsecrets.D．Becauseyoumustwatchwhattosay.3、Howcanpeoplereducetheharmofkeepingsecrets?A．Byworkinghard. B．Bykeeping13secrets.C．Bythinkingaboutthesecrets. D．Bytellingsecretstoathirdperson.4、Whichisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anadvertisement B．AresearchreportC．Abiologytextbook. D．Atravelbrochure.Text3Itisoneoftheoldestmagictricksinthebook—amagicianlocksawomaninabox,withherheadandfeetstickingoutfromeitherend,andsaws(鋸)itinhalf.Butwhenshefinallyjumpsoutofthebox,thewomanisunharmed.Thistrickwasintroducednearlyacenturyago.Ithasbeenaroundforsometime,butitnevergoeswrong.Whyisitsosuccessful?Theanswerissimple:thehumanmindiseasilyfooled.Ourbrainprocessestheworldaroundusbasedoninformationthatsensoryorgans,includingtheeyes,pickup.Forinstance,whenweseeacoworahorsestandingbehindatree,weautomatically“fillin”thepartoftheanimal’sbodythatishiddenfromoursight.“Sothebrainistakingthiskindofverysparse(匱乏的)informationabouttheworldandit’sgeneratingthisrichworldbyfillingininformation,”StephenMacknik,ascientistattheBarrowNeurologicalInstituteinArizona,US,toldSciencemagazine.Butsinceourbrainsarefillinginthegaps,sometimestheygetitwrong.Theytendtobedrivenbyourpreviousexperiencesandweexpectthingstogoastheyhaveinthepastevenifsometimestheydonot.Thistendencyexplainsmagicians’successinfoolingpeoplewithwell-knowncointricks.Forexample,whenyouseeamagicianthrowacoinupanddowninonehandandthenfakeacointhrowntotheotherhand,youwouldnaturallybelievethatthecoinisintheotherhand.Apartfromtheinformationgaps,magiciansalsousethe“blindspots”theorywhendoingtheirshows.Themostwell-knownexperimentdemonstratingthistheoryiscalledthe“invisiblegorilla(大猩猩)”,inwhichvolunteerswatchavideooftwobasketballteams.Theyareaskedtocounthowmanytimestheteamswearingwhiteshirtspasstheball.Inthemeantime,apersondressedasagorillawalksontothecourt.Butshockingly,halfoftheviewersdon’tnoticethegorilla,evenwhentheyappeartobelookingdirectlyatit.Magiciansemploythistactic(招數(shù)),whattheycall“misdirection”,inalmosteveryoneoftheiracts.Theydirectourattentionsomewhereelseusingcomedyandmusic,whichcanmakeusmissstuffduringtheperformance.1、Themagictrickismentionedinthefirstparagraphto________.A．introducethestepsofthemagictrickB．provemagictricksseldomgowrongC．revealhowmagictricksaredesignedD．getustowonderhowmagicianstrickthemind2、Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatthehumanmindiseasilyfooledbecauseourbrain________.A．mayhavedifficultyrememberingwhatwejustsawB．fillsininformationaboutthemagicworldC．isinfluencedbyourpreviousexperiencesD．processesfarmoreinformationthanoursensoryorganspickup3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“invisible”inparagraph7referto?A．Unnoticed.B．Unimportant.C．Unpleasant.D．Unprepared.4、Duringthe“invisiblegorilla”experiment,peoplewatchingthevideoignorethe“gorilla”because________.A．theydon’tlookdirectlyatitB．theyarenotinterestedinitC．theyaretoofocusedoncountingD．theyconsiderittobeadistraction5、Whydomagiciansusuallyusecomedyandmusicwhentheyplaymagictricks?A．Togetviewerstostayfocusedontheshow.B．Tomaketheshowmorefunandexciting.C．Todrawviewers’attentionawayfromasecretaction.D．Tocreateinformationgapsbetweenmagiciansandviewers.Text4Regardlessofhowfarwe’dliketobelievegender（性別）equalityintheworkplacehascome,there’sstillayawninggapbetweenmaleandfemaleleadersintheprofessionalworld.A2018statisticshowsthatwomennowadaysholdjust5.8percentofCEOspositionsatS&P500companies,accordingtoCatalyst.Whileit’snotahugeshockthatwomenaresomewhatunderrepresentedinleadershippositions,whatissurprisingthough,isthefactthatfemalesmayactuallybebettersuitedtoleadinalmosteveryarea,atleastaccordingtonewfindingsfromtheBINorwegianBusinessSchool.Intheirresearch,ProfessorOyvindL.MartinsenandProfessorLarsGlassurveyed(調查)2,900managerswithaspecialfocusonpersonalitytypes.Theresultswereclear:Womenscoredhigherthanmeninfourofthefivemajorleadership-centriccategories.Whilesomepeoplebelievethatmen

inherently

makebetterleaders—probablybecausetheypicturealeaderwithacommandingvoice,whichismoretypicalofmenthanwomen—thispieceofresearchsuggeststhatwomenarebetteratmethodicalmanagementandgoal-setting,openness,sociabilityandsupportiveness,aswellasabilitytocommunicateclearly.Therewasoneareainwhichmenscoredhigherthanwomen,though,andthatwasonemotionalstabilityandabilitytofacejob-relatedpressureandstress.Theresultssuggestthatwomenaremoresensitivetotheeffectsofhigh-pressureorhighlyemotionalsituations.Obviously,it’simportanttoconsiderindividual(個人的)differences.Anyone,regardlessofgender,maybeaninspiringleaderandacompetentboss.Butnexttimeyou’rehiringforamanagementposition,youjustmightwanttogivetheresumes(簡歷)fromfemalecandidatesaharderlook.1、（小題1）Whatmakesusshockedmuchatleadershippositions?A．Womenareworsethanmen.B．Mentakealmostallhighpositions.C．Thereisahugegapbetweengenders.D．Womenmightbehavebetterinnearlyeveryfield.2、（小題2）Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“inherently”inParagraph4?A．properlyB．potentiallyC．naturallyD．normally3、（小題3）Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthistext?A．HowWeCanFigureOutTheBossB．WhyWomenAreBetterThanMenC．WhyWomenMakeTheBestBossesD．HowWeCanTellGenderDifference4、（小題4）Whomighthavespecialinterestinthisarticle?A．Jobhunters.B．Employers.C．Employees.D．Malebosses.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)SpringiscomingEverythingiswakingfromitswintersleepThefields1．(dress)inafreshrobeofgreenThewildflowersbegintopeepforth(隱隱露出)Birdssingamongthetrees,andbegintogettheirnestsready2．summerMenarenowsowingseedsinthefieldsThedaysare3．(warm),forbrightersunshinehascomeagainEverythingisfulloflifeandjoyTheworksMiyazaki（宮崎駿）hascreatedhavebeencalledJapan’sanswertoDisneymoviesThoughtbymanytobeoneoftheworld’sgreatestlivinganimators(動畫師),Miyazaki,76,announcedhisretirementinSeptember1．ButitwasinJuly2．heconfirmedhewouldreturntoturnhisshortfilmBorotheCaterpillarintoafeature,3．isexpectedtobereleasedin2019,justbeforeTokyohoststhe2020OlympicGamesItwastheseventhtimethathe4．(announce)hisreturn5．(compare)withDisneymovie,Miyazaki’sworkshavetheirownstyleForinstance,hisworkshavecleardistinctionsbetween6．maleandfemalecharacterscanachieveandhowtheyshouldlookAccordingtoTheAtlantic,thereareimaginarykingdomsandmagicalcreaturesinhismoviesMeanwhileMiyazaki7．(great)concernssocialissuesinreallifeEarth’sfragilityisonethingthatheoftenfeaturesHefrequentlyfocuses8．developmentandpollutionForexample,inPrincessMononokeaudiences9．(show)thatvillagerscutdownforeststoprovidefuelfor10．(they)ThemovieendswithabigbattlebetweenmankindandnaturethathurtstheplanetseriouslyWhatissueswillhecoverinhisnext?We’llhavetowaituntil11．(find)outSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)LanguageLearningLearninganewlanguagecanbetrickyatanyage.Butinarecentstudy,scientistshavepinpointedtheexactageatwhichyourchancesofreachingfluencyinanewlanguageseemtoquicklydropoff:10.DoesthismeanyoushouldquityourFrenchclassifyou’reolderthan10?Non!1、Itfoundthatit’s“nearlyimpossible”toreachfluencyifyoustartlearningalanguageafterage10.That’snotbecauselanguageskillsstarttogodownhill.“You’restilllearningfast,”saysJoshuaHartshorne,oneofthestudy’scoauthors.“It’sjustthatyourunoutoftime,becauseyourabilitytolearnstartsdroppingataround17or18yearsold.”Peoplewhostartlearninganewlanguageafterage10maystillbecomequitegood,theauthorssay.2、Kidsmaybebetterthanadultsatlearningnewlanguagesformanyreasons.Children’sbrainsaremoreadaptablethanthoseofadults.3、“Alllearninginvolvesthebrainchanging,”Hartshornesays.“Children’sbrainsseemtobealotmoregoodatchanging.”Kidsmayalsobemorewillingthanadultstotrynewthings.Andwhileadultstendtofallbackontherulesandpatternsoftheirfirstlanguage,kidsareabletoapproachanewonewithablankslate.4、Itpromisedtoguesspeople’snativelanguage,dialect,andhomecountry,basedontheirresponsestoEnglishgrammarquestions.Attheendofthequiz,peopleenteredtheiractualnativelanguage.Theyalsoreportedifandwhentheyhadlearnedanyotherlanguagesandwheretheyhadlived.Nearly670,000peopletookthequiz.Analyzingpeople’sresponsesandgrammarmistakesallowedthemtodrawconclusionsaboutlanguagelearning.Thefindingsalsoofferideasforadultshopingtopickupanewlanguage.5、Movingtoaplacewhereyourchosenlanguageisspokenallthetimeisthebestwayforadultstolearn.Learnersofallagescansearchoutnativespeakersintheircommunitytotalkwith.Bycreatinganimmersiveenvironment,it’spossibletobecomegoodatspeakinganewlanguage.A．Nowthat’sworthtalkingabout!B．Buttheyareunlikelytobecomefluent.C．ThestudyappearedinthejournalCognition.D．Forthestudy,theresearcherscreatedanonlinequiz.E.Thismeansthey’rebetterabletorespondtonewinformation.F.ThisgaveresearchershugeamountsofdatafromEnglishspeakersofmanyagesandbackgrounds.G.Researchersfoundthatpeopledidbe