V型濾池計算(自編)

一、設(shè)計參數(shù)確定,,,,,,,,,,,

,設(shè)計水量,Q,=,80000,m3/d,,,,,,

,,,=,3333.333333,m3/h,,,,,,

,濾池沖洗確定(見下表),,,,,,,,,,

,,沖洗強度(L/S.㎡),,沖洗時間(min),,,,,,,

,第一步(氣沖),15,,3,,,,,,,

,第二步(氣水同時沖洗),空氣,15,4,,,,,,,

,,水,4,,,,,,,,

,第三步(水沖),5,,5,,,,,,,

,則總沖洗時間,t,=,12,min,,,,,,

,,,=,0.2,h,,,,,,

,沖洗周期,T,=,48,h,,,,,,

,反沖橫掃強度,,=,1.8,L/(s·㎡),,一般取1.4-2.0L/（s*㎡）,,,,

二、濾池計算,,,,,,,,,,,

,濾池濾速,V,=,10,m/h,,,,,,

1、,濾池工作時間,t’,=,23.9,h,,,,,,

2、,濾池總面積,F,=,334.7280335,㎡,,,,,,

,濾池組數(shù),N,=,2,座,,,,,,

,每座濾池格數(shù),n,=,4,格,,,,,,

,單格濾池面積,s,=,41.84100418,㎡,取長度,12,m,寬度,3.486750349,m

3、濾池高度確定,,,,,,,,,,,

,濾池超高,H5,=,0.3,m,,,,,,

,濾池口水深,H4,=,1.5,m,,,,,,

,濾層厚度,H3,=,1.4,m,,一般取(0.95～1.50m),,,,

,濾板厚,H2,=,0.15,m,,,,,,

,濾板下布水區(qū)高度,H1,=,0.9,m,,一般取(0.70～0.90m),,,,

,濾池總高度,H,=,4.25,m,,,,,,

4、水封井設(shè)計(不用管道排水則有水封井和溢流堰),,,,,,,,,,,

,"濾池采用單層加厚均粒濾料,粒徑0.95～1.35㎜,不均勻系數(shù)1.20～1.60

均粒濾料清潔濾料層的水頭損失按下式計算

",,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,,,,,,,,

,"式中:

△—水流通過清潔濾料層的水頭損失,㎝;

",,,,,,,,,,

,"V—水的運動黏度,cm2/s;20℃時為0.0101cm2/s

",,,,,,,0.0101,cm2/s,,

,"g—重力加速度,981cm2/s2;

",,,,,,,981,cm2/s2,,

,"m0—濾料孔隙率;取0.50;

",,,,,,,0.5,,,

,"d0—與濾料體積相同的球體直徑,㎝,取=0.141cm;

",,,,,,,0.141,cm,,

,"—濾層厚度,=140cm。",,,,,,,140,cm,,

,"v—濾速,㎝/s,v=10m/h=0.28㎝/s;

",,,,,10,m/h,0.277777778,cm/s,,

,"∮—濾料粒徑球度系數(shù),天然砂粒為0.75～0.8,取0.75",,,,,,,0.75,,,

,,△H,=,12.88901265,cm,,,,,,

,"當(dāng)濾速為8～10m/h時,清潔濾料層的水頭損失一般為30～40㎝,計算值比經(jīng)驗值低,取經(jīng)驗值的低限30㎝",,,,,,,,,,

,"為清潔濾料層的過濾水頭損失,正常過濾時通過長柄濾頭的水頭損失△h=0.20m,忽略其他水頭損失,",,,,,,,,,,

,"則每次反沖洗后剛開始過濾時,水頭損失為:",,,,,,,,,,

,清潔濾層水頭損失,,=,30,cm,,,,,,

,長柄濾頭水頭損失,,=,20,cm,,,,,,

,,△H,=,50,cm,0.5,m,,,,

,"為保證濾池正常過濾時池內(nèi)的液面高出濾料層,水封井出水堰頂標(biāo)高與濾料層相同。",,,,,,,,,,

,設(shè)水封井堰底板比濾池底板低0.3m,,,,,,,,,,

,出水堰高,H=0.3+H1+H2+H3,,2.75,m,,,,,,

,每組濾池過濾水量,Q,=,418.4100418,m3/h,,,,,,

,,,=,0.116225012,m3/s,,,,,,

,設(shè)水封井正方形，邊長,L,=,1.5,m,,,,,,

,"所以水封井出水堰上水頭由矩形堰的流量公式

Q=1.84b

",,,,,,,,,,

,水封高,h,=,0.121039469,m,,,,,,

,反沖完畢濾池液面比濾料層高,H,=,0.621039469,m,,,,,,

三、反沖洗管渠系統(tǒng),,,,,,,,,,,

,"②長柄濾頭固定板下的氣水室高度為0.70～0.90,其中沖洗時形成的氣墊層厚度為0.10～0.15m.",,,,,,,,,,

,③向長柄濾頭固定板下氣水室配氣的出口應(yīng)該緊貼濾頭固定板的底面，由配水干管向氣水室配水的支管出口應(yīng)該緊貼池底。,,,,,,,,,,

,④長柄濾頭配氣系統(tǒng)的濾帽縫隙與濾池過濾面積之比為1/80，每平方米的濾頭數(shù)量為49～64個。,,,,,,,,,,

,⑤沖洗水和空氣同時通過長柄濾頭的水頭損失按產(chǎn)品的實測資料確定。,,,,,,,,,,

,⑥向長柄濾頭配水配氣系統(tǒng)氣水室配氣的干管的進口流速為5m/s左右；配氣支管或孔口流速為10m/s左右。配水干管進口流速為1.5m/s左右；,,,,,,,,,,

,配水支管或孔口流速1-1.5m/s。,,,,,,,,,,

1、反洗水量計算,,,,,,,,,,,

,反洗水水量,Q1,=,209.2050209,L/s,,,,,,

,,,=,753.1380753,m3/h,0.209205021,m3/s,,,,

,"V型濾池反沖洗時,表面掃洗同時進行,其流量:",,,,,,,,,,

,,Q2,=,75.31380753,L/s,,,,,,

,,,=,271.1297071,m3/h,0.075313808,m3/s,,,,

2、反沖洗配水?dāng)嗝?,,,,,,,,,,

,配水干管進口流速,v1,=,1.5,m/s,,,,,,

,配水干管的截面積,s1,=,0.139470014,㎡,,,,,,

,干管管徑,D1,=,0.421507779,m,,,,,,

,取干管管徑,,=,450,mm,,,,,,

,校核流速,v',=,1.316065241,m/s,,,,,,

,"反沖洗水由反沖洗配水干管輸至氣水分配渠,由氣水分配渠底側(cè)的布水方孔配水的濾池底部布水區(qū),",,,,,,,,,,

,反沖洗水通過配水方孔的流速按反沖洗配水支管的流速取值,,,,,,,,,,

,則配水支管方孔流速,v2,=,1.316065241,m/s,,一般取值1.0～1.5m/s,,,,

,方孔總面積,s2,=,0.1589625,㎡,,,,,,

,設(shè)方孔數(shù)量,n,=,30,個,,,,,,

,單個方孔邊長,L,=,0.072792513,m,,,,,,

3、反沖洗氣量,,,,,,,,,,,

,反洗氣量,Q2,=,627.6150628,L/s,,,,,,

,,,=,2259.414226,m3/h,0.627615063,m3/s,,,,

,配氣干管進口流速,v1,=,5,m/s,,,,,,

,配水干管的截面積,s1,=,0.125523013,㎡,,,,,,

,干管管徑,D1,=,0.39987739,m,,,,,,

,取干管管徑,,=,400,mm,0.2,m,,,,

,校核流速,v',=,4.996935213,m/s,,,,,,

,"反沖洗用空氣有反沖洗配氣干管輸送至氣水分配渠,由氣水分配渠兩側(cè)的布?xì)庑】着錃獾綖V池底部布水區(qū),布?xì)庑】拙o貼濾板下緣,",,,,,,,,,,

,"間距與布水方孔相同,共計30個,反沖洗用空氣通過配氣小孔的流速按反沖洗配氣支管的流速取值",,,,,,,,,,

,則配水支管方孔流速,v2,=,10,m/s,,,,,,

,配氣小孔總面積,s2,=,0.062761506,㎡,,,,,,

,設(shè)小孔數(shù)量,n,=,30,個,,,,,,

,單個小孔面積,S,=,0.00209205,㎡,,,,,,

,單個小孔直徑,,=,0.051623949,m,,,,,,

4、氣水分配渠斷面設(shè)計,,,,,,,,,,,

,氣水分配渠的斷面設(shè)計按氣水同時反沖洗的情況設(shè)計,,,,,,,,,,

,氣水同時反沖洗時反沖洗水的流量:,,,,,,,,,,

,,Q1,=,167.3640167,L/s,0.167364017,m3/s,,,,

,氣水同時反沖洗時反沖洗用空氣的流量:,,,,,,,,,,

,,Q2,=,627.6150628,L/s,0.627615063,m3/s,,,,

,氣水分配渠面積,s,=,0.25277,㎡,,,,,,

四、濾池管渠設(shè)計,,,,,,,,,,,

,a氣水分配渠,,,,,,,,,,

,起端寬：,0.4,m,,,起端高：,1,m,,,

,末端寬：,0.4,m,,,末端高：,0.7,m,,,

,起端截面積：,0.4,m2,,,末端截面積：,0.28,m2,,,

,,,,,,末端所需最小截面積：,0.008425667,m2,<末端截面積0.4,,

,b排水集水槽,,,,,高出濾料層頂面：,0.5,m,,,

,起端槽高：,1.95,m,,,末端槽高:,2.25,m,,,

,底坡i：,0.025,,,,,,,,,

五、進水總渠設(shè)計,,,,,,,,,,,

,"濾池分為兩組,當(dāng)一格檢修，一格反洗時，每組進水總渠過水流量按強制過濾流量設(shè)計,流速0.8～1.2m/s,則單格強制過濾流量",,,,,,,,,,

,,Q,=,557.8800558,m3/h,0.154966682,m3/s,,,,

,流速,v,=,1,m/s,,,,,,

,過流面積,s,=,0.154966682,㎡,,,,,,

,過流邊長,L,=,0.393658078,m,,,,,,

,取渠寬,L,=,0.4,m,,,,,,

1、每座濾池的進水孔:,,,,,,,,,,,

,"每座濾池由進水側(cè)壁開三個進水孔,進水總渠的渾水通過這三個進水孔進入濾池,兩側(cè)進水孔孔口在反沖洗時關(guān)閉,中間進水孔",,,,,,,,,,

,"孔口設(shè)手動調(diào)節(jié)閘板,在反沖洗時不關(guān)閉,供給反沖洗表掃用水,調(diào)節(jié)閘門的開啟度,使其在反沖洗時的進水量等于表掃水用水量：",,,,,,,,,,

,"孔口面積按口淹沒出流公式:Q=0.8A計算,因為是淹沒流A=1，其總面積按濾池強制過濾水量計,孔口兩側(cè)水位差取0.10m,則孔口總面積",,,,,,,,,,

,A孔=Q/（0.8A）,,,,,,,,,,

,,A孔,=,0.138363109,㎡,,,,,,

,中間面積按照表面掃水量設(shè)計,,,,,,,,,,

,,A中孔,=,A孔×(Q表水/Q強),,,,,,,

,,,=,0.067244471,㎡,,,,,,

,孔口寬,B中孔,=,0.24,m,,,,,,

,孔口高,H中孔,=,0.280185296,m,,,,,,

,"兩側(cè)孔口設(shè)閘門.采用橡膠囊充氣閥,每個側(cè)孔面孔：",,,,,,,,,,

,,A側(cè),=,0.035559319,㎡,,,,,,

,孔口寬,B側(cè)孔,=,0.4,m,,,,,,

,孔口高,H側(cè)孔,=,0.088898298,m,,,,,,

2、每座濾池寬頂堰,,,,,,,,,,,

,"為了保證進水穩(wěn)定性,進水總渠引來的渾水經(jīng)過寬頂堰進入每座濾池內(nèi)的配水渠，在經(jīng)濾池內(nèi)的配水渠分配到兩側(cè)的V形槽，",,,,,,,,,,

,寬頂堰寬b,b,＝,3.486750349,m,,,,,,

,寬頂堰與進水渠平行設(shè)置，與進水總渠側(cè)壁相距0.5m，堰上水頭由矩形堰的流量公式Q＝得：,,,,,,,,,,

,,h,=,0.083560258,m,,,,,,

3、每座濾池配水渠,,,,,,,,,,,

,進入每座濾池的混水經(jīng)過寬頂堰溢流進配水渠，由配水渠兩側(cè)的進水孔進入濾池內(nèi)的V形槽濾池配水,,,,,,,,,,

,渠寬,b,=,0.3,m,,,,,,

,渠高,h,=,1,m,,,,,,

,當(dāng)渠內(nèi)水深H=0.30m時，流速（進來的混水由分配渠中段向渠兩側(cè)進水孔流去，每側(cè)流量為,,,,,,,,,,

,渠內(nèi)水深,H,=,0.3,m,,,,,,

,,V,=,0.860926012,m/s,,0.8～1.2m/s,,,,

4、V型槽設(shè)計,,,,,,,,,,,

,取掃洗孔平均斷面上的過孔流速v,,=,2,m/s,,,,,,

,孔口流量系數(shù),μ,=,0.97,,,,,,,

,V型槽內(nèi)水深,h,=,,,,,,,,

,,,=,0.210393436,m,,,,,,

,取V型槽超高,h,=,0.1,m,,,,,,

,槽高,b,=,0.310393436,m,,,,,,

,槽寬,x,=,b*tan40°+0.12,,,,,,,

,,,=,0.38026387,m,,,,,,

,設(shè)掃洗孔內(nèi)徑,d,=,0.025,m,,,,,,

,單孔流量,Q,=,Q=0.8A,,,,,,,

,,,=,0.000797047,m3/s,,,,,,

,設(shè)掃洗孔間距為a,,=,0.79704674,L/s,,,,,,

,沿長度方向一共有,L/a,個孔,,,,,,,,

,V型濾槽至中間排水槽的寬度,b,=,1.363111305,m,,,,,,

,,a,=,0.324847826,m,,,,,,

,取掃洗孔為,d25@350,,,,,,,,,

（4）沖冼水的供給,,,,,,,,,,,

a管路水頭損失Δh1,,,選用沖冼水泵供水,,,,,,,,

管長總計,60,m,,,沿程水頭損失Δh'f,0.2526,m,0.00421,,,

90度彎頭個數(shù)：,5,個,,,90度彎頭長度換算系數(shù)：,3,,系數(shù)0.6,,,

閘閥個數(shù)：,3,個,,,閘閥長度換算系數(shù)：,0.18,,系數(shù)0.06,,,

等徑三通：,3,個,,,等徑三通長度換算系數(shù)：,4.5,,系數(shù)1.5,,,

,,,,,阻力系數(shù)總計К：,7.68,,,,,

Δh'j,0.678672086,m,,,管路水頭損失Δh'1,0.931272086,m,,,,

b清水池最低水位與排水堰頂高差H0,,,,,,,,,,,

H0,5,m,,,,,,,,,

c濾池配水系統(tǒng)水頭損失Δh'2,,,,,,,,,,,

氣水分配渠內(nèi)水面高h(yuǎn)反水,0.317925,m,,,水力半徑R反水,0.122768741,m,,,,

水力坡降i反渠,0.004797237,,,,氣水分配干渠水頭損失Δh反水,0.05756684,m,,,,

配水方孔水頭損失Δh方孔,0.11664,m,,,反冼水經(jīng)過濾頭水頭損失Δh濾,0.22,m,查手冊,,,

氣水沖時氣水比n,3.75,,,,長柄濾頭中的水流速度v柄,0.32,m/s,說明6,,,

通過濾頭時水頭損失Δh增：,0.2878254,m,,,濾池配水系統(tǒng)水頭損失Δh'2,0.9423904,m,,,,

d砂濾層水頭損失Δh'3,,,,,,,,,,,

濾料容重,2.65,t/m3,,,濾料膨脹前的孔隙率m0,0.41,,,,,

水的容重,1,t/m3,,,濾料層膨脹前的厚度H3,1.2,m,,,,

濾料層水頭損失Δh'3,1.1682,m,,,富余水頭Δh'4,1.5,m,,,,

反沖冼水泵的最小揚程：,9.541862486,m,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,