考研《英語一》2023年甘肅省天水市臨考沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語一》2023年甘肅省天水市臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。My12-year-olddaughter，Lauren，camehomefromschoolyesterday．She1wavedhergradebooktome．Shehadbeen2A-1inmostsubjectssuchasmathematics，languageartsandscience—agreat3!ThenshesadlypointedoutthatherperfectscorewasdamagedbyaB-1in4andaC-1inPlaysicalEducation．Iaskedherwhatthescores5．Shesaidthatthe6showedtheachievementandthenumbershowedtheeffort．ThatmomentI7thatthegradesweremisleading．Ireachedoutmyhandsandgaveherabig8andtoldherinmymindshehadaperfectscore．Itdidn’t9thathergradeinFrenchwasa“B”—“l(fā)”10thatshehadtriedherbest．Thatissomethingtomakeanyparentproud．Everybodyis11．Everybodyhasdifferentpotential．Notallofuswillbecomescientistsorsports12．Butwithout100％effortno13canbeachieved．IfIseeasalespersonfailatsales，the14thingIwanttoexamineistheeffortbeingputin．Ifthereisaproblemwith15，thesalespersonhasnofuture．ButifIseeasalespersonisn’t16withl00％effort，heorsheisworthmyeffortinhelping．Maybeabitoftrainingorsome17fromamoresuccessfulpersonwill18．Iknowthat100％effort，focusintherightdirection，willalwaysbringa19whetherthatisan“A”ora“C”．Aslongasyoumake100％effort，youare20．1、A．seriouslyB．patientlyC．cautiouslyD．proudly2、A．handedB．a(chǎn)wardedC．sentD．promised3、A．favorB．reliefC．1essonD．a(chǎn)chievement4、A．PoliticsB．EnglishC．FrenchD．Science5、A．neededB．a(chǎn)ttractedC．a(chǎn)ffectedD．meant6、A．scoreB．1etterC．figureD．word7、A．realizedB．checkedC．recognizedD．remembered8、A．hugB．shakeC．kissD．smile9、A．botherB．workC．matterD．suffer10、A．saidB．showedC．warnedD．included11、A．energeticB．independentC．differentD．curious12、A．trainersB．salesmenC．fansD．stars13、A．safetyB．principleC．experienceD．potential14、A．1astB．firstC．bestD．1atest15、A．a(chǎn)mbitionB．confidenceC．effortD．a(chǎn)ttitude16、A．cheerfulB．carefulC．successfulD．hopeful17、A．a(chǎn)dviceB．moneyC．expectationD．protection18、A．helpB．decideC．a(chǎn)ppearD．match19、A．competitionB．resultC．taskD．choice20、A．greatB．diligentC．famousD．ReliableSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Iamawriter.Ispendagreatdealofmytimethinkingaboutthepoweroflanguage一thewayitcanevoke(喚起）anemotion,avisualimage,acomplexidea,orasimpletruth.Languageisthetoolofmytrade.AndIusethemall—alltheEnglishesIgrewupwith.BornintoaChinesefamilythathadrecentlyarrivedinCalifornia,I’vebeengivingmorethoughttothekindofEnglishmymotherspeaks.Likeothers,Ihavedescribedittopeopleas“broken”English.Butfeelembarrassedtosaythat.IthasalwaysbotheredmethatIcanthinkofnowaytodescribeitotherthan“broken”，asifitweredamagedandneededtobefixed,asifitlackedacertainwholeness.I’veheardothertermsused，“l(fā)imitedEnglish,”forexample.Buttheyseemjustasbad，asifeverythingislimited,includingpeople’sperceptions(認識)ofthelimitedEnglishspeaker.Iknowthisforafact,becausewhenIwasgrowingup,mymother's“l(fā)imited”Englishlimitedmyperceptionofher.IwasashamedofherEnglish.IbelievedthatherEnglishrejectedthequalityofwhatshehadtosay.Thatisbecausesheexpressedthemimperfectlyherthoughtswereimperfect.AndIhadplentyofevidencetosupportme:thefactthatpeopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.Istartedwritingfictionin1985.AndforreasonsIwon’tgetintotoday,IbegantowritestoriesusingalltheEnglishesIgrewupwith:theEnglishsheusedwithme,whichforlackofabettertermmightbedescribedas“broken”,andwhatIimaginetobehertranslationofherChinese,herinternal(內在的）language，andforthatIsoughtlopreservetheessence,butneitheranEnglishnoraChinesestructure:Iwantedtocatchwhatlanguageabilitytestscannevershow;herintention,herfeelings,therhythmsofherspeechandthenatureofherthoughts.1、Bysaying“Languageisthetoolofmytrade”,theauthormeansthat.A．sheusesEnglishinforeigntradeB．sheisfascinatedbylanguagesC．sheworksasatranslatorD．sheisawriterbyprofession2、Theauthorusedtothinkofhermother’sEnglishas.A．impolite B．a(chǎn)musingC．imperfect D．practical3、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A．AmericansdonotunderstandbrokenEnglish.B．Theauthor'smotherwasnotrespectedsometimes.C．Theauthor’smotherhadpositiveinfluenceonherD．BrokenEnglishalwaysreflectsimperfectthoughts.4、Theauthorgraduallyrealizeshermother'sEnglishis.A．wellstructured B．intheoldstyleC．easytotranslate D．richinmeaning5、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thechangesoftheauthor’sattitudetohermother’sEnglish.B．Thelimitationoftheauthor’sperceptionofhermother.C．Theauthor’smisunderstandingof“l(fā)imited”English.D．Theauthor’sexperiencesofusingbrokenEnglish.Text2ChinesefashiondesignerWangTaoreleasedherfall-winter2019collectioninNewYorkonFebruary9,thetenthtimeherbrand,TaorayWang,hasbeenfeaturedattheNewYorkFashionWeek.SittingonthefrontrowoftheshowwereU.S.PresidentDonaldTrump’syoungestdaughterTiffanyTrumpwithhermotherMarlaMaples,aswellasformerFoxNewshostKimberlyGuilfoyle.TiffanyTrump,afanofTaorayWang,woreacustommadewhitedouble-breastedcoatbyWangtoherfather’sinauguration(就職典禮)ceremonyinJanuary2017.Wang’slatestcollection,Eternity,ispartlyinspiredbyTiffanyTrump.Inthiscollection,Wangcombinestheunconventionalbeautyofthe1970s,representedbyfamousAmericanmodelLaurenHuttonandthefemalelookfavoredbypeoplesuchasTiffanyTrump.Thetwowomenarefromintwodifferentagegroupswithtwodifferentstylesbutbothareconfidentandbrave,saidWangwhileattendinghershowinManhattan.“Beautyisnotabouttimeorage.It’sallaboutattitude.’’AlongwithChina’sgrowingeconomicstrength,Chinesefashionhasgraduallygainedworldwideattention,saidWang,addingthatonlywhenmoreandmoreforeignerswearclothesdesignedbyChinesepeople,willitmeanarealriseofChinesefashionontheglobalstage.Wanghasadiversebackground.WithadegreeinhistoryfromEastChinaNormalUniversityinShanghai,WanggotaseconddegreeinfashionfromJapan’stopfashioninstituteTokyoModeGakut'n,whereshereceivedfiveinternationalawardsindesign.ShewasselectedbyJunkoKoshino—awell-kownJapanesedesigner,toheadthestudioasthechiefmen’sdesigner.Torealizeherglobalcareerambitions,WangthenleftJapantogototheUKwheresheworkedasaleadingdesigner.In2002shereturnedtoChinaandledtherepositioningofbroadcast:bo,makingitoneofthetop10Chinesewomen’slabels.WangiscurrentlyaboardmemberoftheShanghaiRiboFashionGroup.1、WhoprobablygaveWang’sinspirationforherlatestcollection?A．TiffanyTrumpandMarlaMaples. B．JunkoKoshirioandKirnbrlyGuilfnyle.C．TiffanyTrumpandDonaldTrump. D．TiffanyTrumpandLaurenHutlon.2、WheredidWangTaowinfiveinternationalawardsindesign?A．InTokyo. B．InNewYork. C．InManhattan. D．InShanghai.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．BothTaorayWangandboarewellreceived.B．WangTaoworkedinUKasachiefmen’sdesigner.C．ItistheTrumpwhomakeWangTaobecomefamous.D．WangTaostudiedfashioninEastChinaNormalUniversity.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．WangTao’sdiverseeducationbackground.B．AChinesedesigner’swayontheglobalstage.C．ThedesignstyleofaChinesefashiondesigner.D．WangTao’sfall-winter2019collectioninNewYork.Text3LegendhasitthattheperformingartsbeganwhenaGreeksingernamedThespisinventedtragedy.In534B．C．,Thespiswasperformingahymn（贊美詩）tothegodDionysius.Suchhymns,calleddithyrambs,wereusuallysungbyaleadsingerandachorus.Thespisaddedaspeakingactor.PerformancesattheannualDionysianfestivalsoonincludedplayswiththreeactorsaswellasthestandardhymns.By449B．C．,theGreeksweregivingprizestothebestactorandthebestplaywrightatthefestival.Amodernwordforactor—thespianrecognizesthedebttoday'sdramaowestoThespis.PerforminginaGreekplayrequiredphysicalstrength.Becauseeachplayhadonlythreeactors,performershadtoplayseveralroles.Chorusmembersbothsanganddanced.BeinginthechorusforthemanyperformancesgivenatafestivalwassaidtobeasdemandingascompetingintheOlympicGames.TheTheaterofDionysiusinAthenscouldhold20,000people.Eventhoseinthefrontrowswerequiteadistancefromtheactors.Performersusedgrandgesturesandworemaskssothattheycouldbeseenbyeveryoneintheirhugeaudience.Tragic（悲劇的）actorsworelongclothesandmasks.Comicactorsworeshortcostumesthatletthemmovefreelyandmasksdesignedtomakethemlookuglyorsilly.Sometimesthechorusweredresseduptolooklikeanimals.Anotherlegacy（遺產(chǎn)）oftheancientGreeksisthedeusexmachina,or"godfromthemachine".Ifaplaywrightwashavingtroublewiththeplot,hemighthaveagodappearthroughatrapdoor（天窗）.Thegodwouldrescuethemaincharacterandfindasolutiontoanydifficultplotsituations.Modemwritersmightnotcallongods,buttheydosometimesuseunlikelywaystoendastory.Acharacteroraneventthatbringsacomplicatedplottoanunlikelyconclusionisstillcalleddeusexmachina.1、WecanlearnfromParagraph1that.A．theword"thespian"means"debt"inEnglishB．theDionysianfestivalwasheldonceayearC．therewerefouractorsinearlyGreekdramaD．thefirsttragedywasperformedin449B．C2、Fromthepassagewecanknow.A．itwasnoteasytogetachancetoperforminthechorusB．thebestactorandthebestplaywrightwouldbegivenmoneyC．theplaywrightmustplayaroleintheperformanceD．theaudiencesatveryclosetoactorstohaveagoodview3、Accordingtothepassage,onedifferencebetweenearlyGreekcomediesandtragediesis.A．theactors'distancefromtheaudienceB．theplay'sbeginningC．thenumberofperformersD．theactors'clothes4、Deusexmachinais.A．a(chǎn)kindoftragedypopularwithancientaudienceB．a(chǎn)typeofcharacterthatmodernwritersoftenwriteaboutC．a(chǎn)wayancientGreekdramatistsusedtodeveloptheplotD．a(chǎn)styleofperformancefirstusedbyancientGreekactorsText4InthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since2000,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirmanufacturing(制造業(yè))foraneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices.“ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible,”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh’seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What’smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit’dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.1、InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A．Transformingnewenergy. B．Creatingmorewell-paidjobs.C．Prohibitingthemanufacturing. D．Sponsoringhighereducation.2、Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A．Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromotherareas.B．Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalcompanies.C．Bysuccessfullykeepingeducatedyouthsworkinglocally.D．Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.3、WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A．Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation.B．Togiveasuggestionaboutincreasingpopulation.C．Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowingincomepercapita.D．Totellareasonwhylower-skilledworkersflee.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthB．HowLess-crowdedCitiesPlanTheirHigh-techEconomyC．WhySomeCitiesareLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierD．WhySomeCitiesareSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulationPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)語法填空。IseldomthoughtIhadapassionIwouldsitbeforetheTVallday,thinking1．nothingbutthenextshadowItwasnotlongagothatIfirstlearnedhowimportanthavingapassionistolifeOnedayIwentwithMumtodropmysisteroffatthegymThen,2．Mumstoppedataredlight,someoneontheroadsidecaughtmyeyesItwasaman3．(dress)inrags,homelessThatdidn’tinterestme,forI4．(see)manylikehimbeforeButhemanwasn’tsittingdownwithasad5．(express)Hehadaradioinhishandandwasdancing6．(merry)tothemusicTheradioseemedtobethemostpreciousthing7．hehad“Mum,whydoesthatmanhavearadioeventhoughhe’shomeless?”Iasked“Hebought8．,”shereplied“Butifhe’shomeless,whydoesn’theusethemoneytobuyfoodorclothes?Hewasteditonsomethinghedoesn’tneed”“Well,Sarah,sometimesfoodandclothesaren’t9．onlyimportantthingsWeneedhappiness,too”“Isee”Themanmustcaretoomuchaboutmusic,soheboughtaradioinsteadoffoodandclothesIrealizedthathappinessisthekeytolife10．it,there’snothingtolookforwardtoApassiongivesapersonthehappinesstheyneedtokeepgoing!1．________(praise)bytheneighbour,hebecametheprideofhisparents2．Iexploredeverycorner______(find)aperfectplacetostudy3．Thesunlightisblinding,_______(throw)hard-edgedshadowsontheground4．Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget_______(promote),hedidhisbest5．Asaresult,Iregret______(tell)youthatIhavetochangemyplan6．Womenandchildrenwerethefirst_____(get)ontothelifeboats7．Thiskindofwoolshirt_______(sell)well8．Mygrandmotherwakeup,only______(find)everybodygone9．________(invite)tothecelebrationcanbeanhonorforanordinaryperson10．Themandownstairsfounditdifficult______(get)tosleep11．Thestudentwasluckythathejustmissed_____(punish)12．Havingpassedallthetests,hefeltagreatweight______(take)offhismind13．Sorry,Ididn’tmean______(annoy)you14．_______(make)iteasiertocontactus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand15．Theboypretended_______(read)whenhismotherenteredtheroom16．Myheartwas______(beat)wildlywhenIheardthenews17．Thereisnotime______(leave)todosomeshopping18．I’dlike______(enjoy)thegameswithyou,butIhadextraworktodo19．Ibecame______(attach)tomyhusband,forhehadawisehead20．AfterIenteredtheroom,Isawhim_______(lie)onthegroundSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Researchersdefineself-controlorself-disciplineas“abilitytocontrolorchangeone’sinnerresponses”．1、However，somepeoplethinkthatasanimmediateconsequenceofleadinglivesofconstantself-control，theyaren’tlikelytogainalotofpleasurefromlife．2、Tostart，414adultscompletedononlinesurvey．Inthesurvey，theyratedthetheirself-controlbyindicatinghowmuchtheyagreedwith14statements，suchas“Iindeeddocertainthingsthatarebadforme，iftheyarefun．”Intheirstudy，205adultsweregivensmartphonesandrequiredtoreporttheiremotionsatrandommomentsthroughouttheweek．3、Ifso，theyhadtoreporthowhardtheytriedtoresistthem，andwhethertheyeventuallyendedupactingonthem．Theresearchersfoundthatthemoreself-controlpeoplehad，themoresatisfiedtheywerewiththeirlivesinthelongrun．4、Infact，suchpeople’sincreasedhappinesstoalargeextentaccountedfortheincreasedlifesatisfaction．Theseresearchersalsofiguredoutthatpeoplehighinself-controlaresimplylesslikelytofindthemselvesinsituationswherethat’sevenanissue．Theydon’twastetimefightinginnerbattlesoverwhetherornottoeatasecondpieceofcake．5、Andthat，itwouldseem，makesthemhappier……evenifoccasionallyalittlebitsad．A．Inaword，theyarenotbotheredaboutsuchlittledesires．B．Researcherscheckedthesegeneralideasthroughasurveyandstudy．C．Itisgenerallybelievedthatinthelongrunself-controlcanmakepeoplehappier．D．Meanwhile，theywerealsoaskedtoreportwhethertheywereexperiencinganydesires．E．However，peoplewithmoreself-controlwerealsomorelikelytobehappyintheshortrun．F．Buttheyarestilluncertainwhysomepeoplearemoreabletocontroltheirinnerresponses．G．Mostadultsreportedtheyfailedtocontroltheirdesiretoplayvideogamesbeforeanexam．HowtoOvercomeDepressionSufferingfromdepressionmeansmorethanjustdealingwithabadweekorevenabadmonth.Depressionisaweakeningconditionthatcanmakeitimpossibleforyoutoenjoyyourdailyexistence.Toovercomeyourdepression,youhavetofirstdetermineifwhatyou’refeelingarethesymptomsofdepression.1、Whilemedicationscanhelprelievesymptoms,itisstillimportantfordepressedpersonstounderstandthedisorderanddevelophealthierstrategiesforcopingwithit.Keepyourselfbusy.Fillyourschedulewitheventsandactivitiesyoulove.Keepingabusy