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洛陽(yáng)市西工區(qū)2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》預(yù)測(cè)密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)LastSunday,Iwenttotheneighborhoodcaféwithmyfriend.Ontheway,I1anoldlady,whosecarthadbeenknockedoverandher2werescatteredacrossthepavement.Shewas3hergoods.Peoplepassingbywere4herasifshewereabeggar.I5Manythingswererunningthroughmymind.“Whatshouldwedo?”Iaskedmyfriendquietly.“It’snoneofourbusiness.6,youmaygetbothofusintotroubleand7itifyouhelp,”myfriendsaid8andthencontinuedtowalkahead.However,Ifeltgreat9forthispoorlady.“Shereallyneedshelp,”Isaidseriouslyandbeganto10thelady.Icautiously11besidethelady,helpingher.Icouldfeelpassersby12medoubtfully.IknewtheywerethinkingIwas13forhelpingherorthatIhadknockedoverhercardandthereforeIwasassistingheroutof14.“Thankyou,”shewhispered.“Youarewelcome,”Imurmured,offeringa15.Shealsosmiled.Afterallgoodswere16,sheslowlyrosetoherfeet.Shethankedmeagain,andcontinueddownthestreet.YetIknewthathersmileand17wouldalwaysbeimpressedonmymind.Atthatmoment,Ididn’tcareanymorewhatotherpeople18.IsmiledtomyselfbecausealthoughIhadhelpedthatladyinsucha19way,shehadhelpedmemorebyshowingmehowIcouldbe20intheworld.1、A.noticedB.hitC.heardaboutD.waitedfor2、A.cartsB.goodsC.foodsD.clothes.3、A.donatingB.enjoyingC.collectingD.providing4、A.servingB.helpingC.scoldingD.a(chǎn)voiding5、A.shoutedB.hesitatedC.promisedD.ignored6、A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Thus7、A.a(chǎn)ppreciateB.mindC.changeD.regret8、A.coldlyB.cheerfullyC.frequentlyD.carefully9、A.honorB.pityC.prideD.joy10、A.a(chǎn)pproachB.observeC.understandD.leave11、A.calmeddownB.kneltdownC.gotoffD.endedup12、A.eyeingB.envyingC.a(chǎn)dmiringD.supporting13、A.gratefulB.greatC.a(chǎn)fraidD.crazy14、A.dutyB.sadnessC.hateD.control15、A.helpB.smileC.jobD.suggestion16、A.usedupB.soldoutC.pickedupD.givenout17、A.mercyB.a(chǎn)ppreciationC.effortD.wish18、A.facedB.gaveC.wantedD.thought19、A.longB.hardC.strangeD.small20、A.politeB.fortunateC.differentD.wealthySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Livingclosertoopenfieldsandtreesreducesyourriskofbeingobese(肥胖),researchsuggestsandthebenefitscanbeseeneveninpoorneighborhoodswhererisksofbothobesityandpoormentalhealthareknowntobemuchhigher.Thenewstudy,supportedbyFriendsoftheEarthEurope(FoE),alsoshowedthatthegreatoutdoorshadbenefitsforpregnantwomen.Thoselivingclosetotreesandopenfields,considereda“naturalhealers”bytheresearchersattheInstituteforEuropeanenvironmentalpolicy,gavebirthtochildrenofmuchhealthiersizes.Itisbelievedthattheincreasedopportunitytobeactiveandbreathinginlessairpollutionmayexplainthereduceddeathratesandobesityprevention.Afterreviewinghundredsofpreviousstudies,scientistssayitcanevenreducethechanceofanearlydeathby16percentcomparedtothoselivinginan“urbanjungle.”Thegreenspacesalsoreduceddepression(抑郁)byallowingforpeopletomeetothersmoreeasilyandgetawayfrombusyandnoisyactivitiesofacity,expertsstate.RobbieBlake,acampaignerforFoE,toldTheGuardian:“Theevidenceisstrongandgrowingthatpeopleandcommunitiescanbeenergeticandlivelywhentheyhaveaccesstonature.“Weallneednatureinourlivesanditgivesusfreedomandhelpsuslivehealthily;yetpoorcommunitiesareroutinelycutofffromnatureintheirsurroundingsanditisholdingbacktheirwellbeing.”Thefindingsbackupmuchevidencethatshowssettingupahomeinaheavily-pollutedcitycanbedamagingtosomeone’shealth.Afterstudyingthewell-beingofnearly110,000women,theyfoundlivingincitiesalsoincreasedtheriskofcancerandrespiratory(呼吸)illnesses.Thoseinthegreenestareashada34percentlowerrateofrespiratorydisease-relateddeathsanda13percentlowerrateofcancerdeaths.1、WhatcanweknowaboutobesityfromParagraph1?A.Theoutdoorscanpreventobesity.B.Obesitycancausementaltrouble.C.Urbanmotherscanhaveobesebabies.D.Pregnantwomencangetobeseeasily.2、Whatisthesocialbenefitoflivinginthecountryside?A.Havingmorefreedomtorest.B.Meetingotherpeoplemoreconveniently.C.Breathinghealthierair.D.Keepingmorewealthandhappiness.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“We”inParagraph4referto?A.Pregnantwomen.B.Patientswithrespiratoryillnesses.C.Ordinarypeople.D.Peoplelivinginpoorcommunities.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WaysoflivinginthecountrysideB.LivinginhealthyneighborhoodsC.Countryside,thegreenestareaD.AccesstonatureText2OnSept.15,TripAdvisor,oneoftheworld’slargesttravelreviewwebsites,namedtheworld’stop25museumsinitsTravelers’ChoiceAwardaccordingtothereviewsandopinionsoftravelersworldwide.Nowlet’stakealookatthetopfourmuseumswhicharerankedasfollowsbythepopularityaroundtheworld.MetropolitanMuseumofArt,NewYorkCityItisthelargestmuseumintheWesternHemisphere,withacollectionof2millionitemsfrommorethan5,000yearsofworldculture.TheiconicmuseumincludesimportantcollectionsfromancientEgyptandmedievalEuropeaswellasancientGreeceandRome.Here,visitorscangetlostindifferentcenturies:TheycanseetheTempleofDendurfromearlyEgypt,DutchpainterVincentvanGogh’sWheatfieldWithCypressesanUSpopAndyWarhol’sSouperDress,allinoneplace.Mused’Orsay,ParisLocatedinthecenterofParisonthebankoftheRiverSeine,theMuseed’Orsayhousestheworld’smostamazingcollectionsofimpressionistandpost-impressionistart.ItoffersthechancetoviewmajorworksfromgreatslikeVanGoghandClaudeMonet.ThemuseumisfamousforbeinghometoStarryNightovertheRhone,anoilpaintingbyVanGoghthatisoftenpraisedalongwithhismasterpieceStarryNight.ArtInstituteofChicago,IllinoisItwasnamedtheworld’sbestmuseumin2014.Theworld-famousWindyCitymuseumhousesnearly300,000works,includingoneofthelargestcollectionsofmodernart,includingpiecessuchasSpanishpainterPabloPicasso’sTheOldGuitarist,USartistGeorgiaO’Keeffe’sBlackCrossandFrenchartistHenriMatisse’sBathersbyaRiver.ATripAdvisorreviewercommented,“NomatterhowmanytimesIvisit,itnevergetsold.Paintingsfromeveryera,worksfroeverygreatartist.”MuseoNacionaldelPrado,MadridNowhereisabletopresenttheentirehistoryofSpanishartliketheMuseoNacionaldelPrado.Here,visitorscanenjoyadetailedviewoftheSpanishschooloftheModernAge.OutstandingmasterpiecesbyartistssuchasDiegoVelazquez,FranciscoGoyaandJoaquiinSorollamakeupaninternationally-famouscollection.TheItalianschoolisanotherhighlightofthemuseum’scollection,asitincludesthe15thcenturymasterpiecessuchasTheAnnunciationbyFraAngelico,TheDeathoftheVirginbyAndreaMantegnaandTheDeadChristSupportedbyAngelsbyAntonellodaMessina.1、HowistheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdifferentfromtheotherthreemuseums?A.ItisthelargestartmuseumintheworldB.ItissobigthatvisitorsmayeasilygetlostinitC.ItisthemostpopularmuseumofthefourmuseumsD.ItsmaincollectionisfromancientEgyptandmedievalEurope2、Ifyouareinterestedinimpressionistart,_____isaplaceyoucannotmiss.A.MetropolitanMuseumofArtB.Museed’OrsayC.ArtInstituteofChicagoD.MuseoNacionaldelPrado3、Whichisacorrectmatchofthepaintingandthemuseum?A.PabloPicasso’sTheOldGuitarist—Museed’OrsayB.HenriMatisse’sBathersbyaRiver—MetropolitanMuseumofArtC.VincentvanGogh’sWheatfieldWithCypresses—ArtInstituteofChicagoD.AndreaMantegna’sTheDeathoftheVirgin---MuseoNacionaldelPradoText3Theadvancementofhumancivilizationispossiblejustbecauseofenormouscontributionmadebyscientists.Theyareoneofthemostinfluentialpeopleoftoday’sworld.Withpracticaladvantagesinengineering,medicine,andtechnology,theyhavehelpedustogrowbetterunderstandingabouttheworldanddifferentworkingphenomenonthatgovernsus.Theirnamesarerememberedinthesandsoftimefortheirworkinthewelfareofmankindwithdifferentinventionsthathasmadeourmodernliveseasy.Hereisalistofthefourgreatscientistswe’veeverseenwhochangedtheworld.LouisPasteur(1822-1895)Pasteurcontributedgreatlytowardstheadvancementofmedicalsciencesdevelopingcuresforrabies,anthraxandotherinfectiousdiseases.Healsoinventedtheprocessofpasteurization(加熱殺菌法)tomakemilksafertodrink.Heprobablysavedmorelivesthananyotherperson.OttoHahn(1879-1968)HahnwasaGermanchemistwhodiscoverednuclearfission(裂變)in1939.Hewasapioneeringscientistinthefieldofradio-chemistry,anddiscoveredradioactiveelementsin1921.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1944.NikolaTesla(1856-1943)Teslaworkedonelectro-magnetismandACcurrent.Heobtainedaround300patentsworldwideforhisinventionsfromelectricitytoradiotransmission,butmanyinventionsdevelopedbyTeslawerenotputintopatentprotection.Heplayedakeyroleinthedevelopmentofmodernelectricity.JamesClerkMaxwell(1831-1879)Maxwellmadegreatprogressinunderstandingelectro-magnetism.Hisresearchinelectricityandkineticslaidthefoundationforquantum(量子)physics.EinsteinsaidofMaxwell,“TheworkofJamesClerkMaxwellchangedtheworldforever.”1、WhatcontributiondidLouisPasteurmaketosociety?A.Thedevelopmentofmedicine.B.Radio-chemistry.C.Modernelectricity.D.Quantumphysics.2、WhowasthoughthighlyofbyEinstein?A.LouisPasteur.B.OttoHahn.C.NikolaTesla.D.JamesClerkMaxwell.3、Whatcanweinferaboutthefourpeople?A.Theyaremedicalpioneers.B.TheyareNobelPrizewinners.C.Theyaregreatcontributorstosociety.D.Theyarefoundersofmodernphysics.Text4Connectingwithpeoplehasbecomesomucheasierwithadvancingtechnology.Tasksthatoncerequiredapostagestamporcarrierpigeonarenowassimpleastappinganameorevenafaceonyourscreen,andyou’reconnected.Butalsoeasierisunconsciouslygettingcaughtupinadilemmabyviolatingcertainnewrulesforcommunicating.Abigoneforsome:Don’tcalluntilyou’vetextedtoconfirmit’sOKtocall.Butthat’sjustthebeginning.“I’musuallyprettymildandnotmuchbothersme,”saidMarkAngielle,a29-year-oldofficemanagerfromWhitePlains,NewYork.Buttheonethingthathehatesmorethananythingelseinlifeistheterribleone-wordmessage—“K.”“Attheveryleastreplywith,Gotit.”hesaid“Atleastgivemeafewwordshere.You’renotthatbusy.”Therearehundreds,perhapseventhousands,ofotherswhohavetakenLosocialmediatoexpresstheirdistasteforpeoplewhodon’tfollowtheunwrittenrulesofdigitalcommunication.“Theserulesaresimplyanewdisplayofaphenomenonwe’veseeninthepast,”saidJamesIvory,professorofcommunicationaVirginiaTech.Inthesamewaythatgenerationsandsmallgroupsoffriendshavetheirownslangandcustoms,internetculturehasgivenbirthtotechnology-dependentbeingsthathavetheirownuniquesetofroutine.Butnoteveryonegetsthepoint.Unlikelanguage,digitalcommunicationcanbefilledwithambiguousclues(線索、跡象)thatthepersonontheotherendofthecall,textoremailmayormaynoteasilyunderstand.“Assoonaspeoplearen’ttalkingfacetoface,thefirstthingthatgetslostissomeoftherichnessofthebodylanguage,”Ivorysaid,“Peopleimmediatelyfillthatgapbyusingemoji(表情符號(hào))tosumupafeelinginseconds.“There'sgreatpotentialfordanger,”Ivorywarned.“What'sconsideredpoliteinoneformmightbeinappropriateorrudeinanotheroccasion.”1、WhatcanyouinferaboutMarkfromParagraph2?A.Heisabusinessmanwithabadtemper.B.Hecomplainsaboutsocialmanners.C.Hecan’tbearone-wordmessages.D.Hedislikeabusybusinesslife.2、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbreakstherulesforcommunicating?A.Johnsays“Igotit.”tohisbossfacetoface.B.JimcallsBillwithoutconfirminginadvance.C.MarytextsLilytomakesureifshecancallher.D.Jacksends“Thanksalot”tohisbusinessfriends.3、Whymaypeoplemisunderstandeachotherduringdigitalcommunication?A.Emojicannotsumupfeelings.B.Peopleusetheirownslangandcustoms.C.Therearelargequantitiesofwrittenrules.D.Peoplegetswrongmessageswithoutclearclues.4、Whatarepeopleexpectedtodoafterreadingtiepassage?A.Toobeytheirowndigitalcommunicationrules.B.Tobeawareofrulesduringdigitalcommunication.C.Touseadvancingtechnologyevenwithdisadvantages.D.Tokeeppacewithdigitalcommunicationdevelopment.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ifyoustudyabroad,it’snecessarytomixwiththelocalsThisallowsyou1.(test)yourlanguageskillsandfindoutmoreaboutthelocalcultureHavinglivedabroadforthreeyears,I’mabletoputforwardalistoftipstohelpyoumakefriendsinaforeigncountryFirstly,sayyestoeverythingwithinreasonObviously,ifyoudon’tfeel2.ease,youcanchoosenottodoanythingHowever,don’tputofftryingsomethingnewThegroupofstudentsfromyourclasswhoinviteyououtforacoffeemightendup3.(be)yourfriendsforlife!Secondly,developa4.(entire)newhobbyJoinadanceclass,awalkingcluborlearntocookthelocalfood—the5.(possibility)areendless!Thirdly,getoutofthehouse!Hours6.(spend)onthecomputerchattingwithyourfamilybackathomesurelymakeyouevenhomesickJustgetoutandexploretheexcitingplaceyouliveinLastly,be7.(confidence)whenyouaresurroundedbypeoplespeaking8.unfamiliarlanguageEvenifyoumayfind9.difficulttoinvolveyourselfinconversations,youshouldtrytomakeyourvoiceheardOnceyouopenyourmouthandbegintospeak,it’slikely10.youwillfindeveryonewantstoknowmoreaboutyouYiJiefengisaShanghaiwomanwhohasplantedmillionsof1.(tree)inInnerMongoliaoverthepast12yearsIn2000,Yi’sson,YangRuizhe,waskilledinanaccident,2.madeherextremelysadButshe3.(final)foundawaytodealwiththesadnessbydevotingherownlifetoachievingherson'sdream:toplanttreesinInnerMongoliainordertostopthedesertSoYiandherhusbandusedRuizhe'sinsurancemoneytosetupan4.(organize)calledGreenLifein5.Theydidn’thavemuchknowledgeofagriculture,andwithlessthan200mmrainfallthatyear,thetrees6.(blow)awayThecoupledidn’tgive7.Theyaskedforadvicefromexpertsand8.(manage)toplanttreesthenextseasonWhentheywouldgoandplanttreeseveryyear,itrainedeverytime“Inthe9.(begin)weplantedtreesformyson,but10.(late)wefeltasenseofsocialresponsibility,"YisaidWhenthemoneywasusedup,thecouplesoldtheirtwohousestokeepGreenLifegoingVolunteersanddonors(捐贈(zèng)者)haveincreased11.theyear12.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Americansusemanyexpressionswiththeworddog.PeopleintheUnitedStateslovetheirdogsandtreatthemwell.Theytaketheirdogsforwalks,letthemplayoutsideandgivethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.1、Theexpression,toleadadog’slife,describesapersonwhohasanunhappyexistence.Somepeoplesayweliveinadog-eat-dogworld.2、Theysaythattobesuccessful,apersonhastoworklikeadog.Thismeanstheyhavetoworkvery,veryhard.Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledog-tired.And,thesituationwouldbeevenworseiftheybecamesickasadog.Still,peoplesayeverydoghasitsday.Thismeansthateverypersonenjoysasuccessfulperiodduringhisorherlife.Tobesuccessful,peopleoftenhavetolearnnewskills.Yet,somepeoplesaythatyoucanneverteachanolddognewtricks.3、Somepeoplearecomparedtodogsinbadways.Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasmeanerthanajunkyarddog.Husbandsandwivesusethisdoghousetermwhentheyareangryateachother.Forexample,awomanmightgetangryatherhusbandforcominghomelateorforgettingtheirweddinganniversary.Shemighttellhimthatheisinthedoghouse.4、However,thehusbandmaydecidethatitisbesttoleavethingsaloneandnotcreatemoreproblems.Hemightdecidetoletsleepingdogslie.5、Thedogdaysofsummerarethehottestdaysoftheyear.Arainstormmaycooltheweather.Butwedonotwantittoraintoohard.Wedonotwantittoraincatsanddogs.A.Shemaynottreathimnicelyuntilheapologizes.B.Dogexpressionsalsoareusedtodescribetheweather.C.Theyfirmlybeliefthatdogsarethebestfriendsofhumanbeings.D.Shewilldropalinetoremindhimofitorringhimbackatonce.E.However,dogswithoutownerstocareforthemleadadifferentkindoflife.F.Thatmeansmanypeoplearecompetingforthesamethings,likegoodjobs.G.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewthingsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.The“bestyearsofyourlife”?Maybenot,butyoucanlearntomakethemostofyourhighschooldays.Learntoappreciatesmallthings.Whetherit'shavingacomputer,havingfriends,havingagoodsupplyoffood,abedtosleepon,familythatlove
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