初三英語九年級期中復(fù)習(xí)時態(tài)專練

第9頁共9頁英語復(fù)習(xí)專題★★初中英語語法——六大時態(tài)概念：英語中表示不同時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，需用不同的動詞形式表示，這種不同的動詞形式稱為時態(tài)。一．一般現(xiàn)在時1.結(jié)構(gòu)①主單三+動單三；②主非單三+動詞原形2.含義&用法1）表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示頻率的副詞連用。常用的頻率副詞：always,often,usually,seldom,never,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays.頻率副詞在句中通常放在行為動詞前，系動詞、助動詞后。例如:Heoftengoesswimminginsummer.Iusuallyleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2）表示主語具備的性格、特征和能力等。例如：Allmyfamilylovefootball.Mysisterisalwaysreadytohelpothers.AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.3）表示客觀真理、客觀存在、自然現(xiàn)象。例如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.4）在復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時，時間或條件狀語從句的謂語動詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。（主將從現(xiàn)）例如：I'lltellhimthenewsassoonashecomesback.Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.3.動詞單三變化規(guī)則①一般情況+s make-makes②輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i+es study-studies③x,s,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾+es mix-mixeswash-washeswatch-watchesgo-goes④have變has1）—Lily,whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?—I________exercisewithmyfriends.A．do B．did C．willdo D．wasdoing2）.Ifyoutakethistrain,you________inShanghaiinfivehours.A.arrive B.willarrive C.arrived D.havearrived3）.Sam____________withhisfriendseveryweekend.A.skates B.isskating C.hasskated D.wasskating4）．Billlikesreading.Hepicturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.A．read B．reads C．isreading D．hasread5）—Tina,whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?—I________swimmingwithmyfriends.A．went B．go C．willgo D．havegone6）IfI________timetomorrow,Iwillcleantheroom.A．have B．willhave C．had D．a(chǎn)mhaving7）Myfatherisatealover.Heoften________teaaftersupper.A．drinks B．wasdrinking C．willdrink D．isdrinking二．一般過去時1.結(jié)構(gòu)①主語+was/were+其他；②主語+動詞過去式+其他2.含義&用法1）表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時間狀語yesterday,justnow,theotherday,in1982,ago,lastweek(year,night…),attheageof5,onceuponatime等連用例如：Wheredidyougojustnow?Iboughtapresentformymotheryesterday.2）表示在過去，經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。常與often,always等表示頻率的副詞連用。例如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。

3.動詞過去式規(guī)則變化ps:動詞過去式不規(guī)則變化請自行記憶①一般情況+ed cook-cooked②輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i+ed study-studied③不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾直接+d dance-danced④輔元輔重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫尾字母+ed plan-plannedshop-shopped4.注意點1.當(dāng)沒有明顯的時間狀語時，但描述幾個相繼發(fā)生過的動作,用and或者but等連接的情況例如：Iinvitedhimtocometomypartybutherefused.2.since從句中常用一般過去時例如：Itisfouryearssinceweboughtthecomputer.ThefamilyhavelivedtheresincetheymovedtoChinain2000.1Davidisatennisplayer.Hetoplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.A．begins B．willbegin C．began D．hasbegun2）—WhatdidyoudolastSunday?—I________mygrandparentsinthecountryside.A．visit B．visited C．havevisited D．willvisit3）Alotoftrees________intheparklastyear.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．wereplanted D．willplant4）Everybody________deeplyaftertheyheardthestoryyesterday.A．moves B．moved C．ismoved D．wasmoved三．一般將來時1.結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)1：主語+will+動詞原形+其他結(jié)構(gòu)2：主語+begoingto+動詞原形+其他2.含義&用法1）表示將來時間里要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,inthefuture,thedayaftertomorrow等連用。例如：I'llmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.2）表示說話人對于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測，通常用于beafraid,be/feelsure,hope,know,think等后面的從句。（結(jié)合語境）例如：Ithinkshe’llgobackhomeforsupper.Maybeshe’llgotothegym.3）begoingto表示將來。表示說話人的打算、計劃、安排或根據(jù)跡象判斷很可能發(fā)生的事情。例如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth.4）go,come,start,move,leave,arrive,fly等位移動詞的進(jìn)行時態(tài)可表示即將發(fā)生的動作。例如：I'mleavingforBeijing.1）Myteacher________mewithmyEnglishnextweekend.A．helps B．willhelp C．washelping D．helped2）Ifitissunnytomorrow,we________themountaintogether.A．climb B．climbed C．willclimb D．wereclimbing四．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞2.含義&用法：1）表示現(xiàn)在（指說話人說話時）正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作。常與now,atthismoment,atthistime等時間狀語連用。注：如果句首有警示性動詞look,listen等，通常情況下為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。例如：Wearewaitingforyounow.Listen!Thebirdissinginginthetree.2）表示現(xiàn)階段（說話前后一段時間內(nèi)），一直在進(jìn)行的活動。說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在寫另一部小說。（說話時并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。）1）Theworkers_________thecommunitycenternow.A．cleaned B．werecleaning C．willclean D．a(chǎn)recleaning2）—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________areportaboutnationalheroes.A．willwrite B．a(chǎn)mwriting C．wrote D．havewritten3）.—What’sthatnoise,Sam?—Mylittlebrother_________withhistoycarnow.A.willplay B.isplaying C.plays D.played4）Look!Somechildren________uptherubbish.A．pick B．picked C．a(chǎn)repicking D．willpick5）Mr.Smith________inapandaprotectioncentersince2001.A．works B．hasworked C．worked D．willwork五．現(xiàn)在完成時1.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+助動詞have/has+動詞過去分詞done2.含義&用法1）發(fā)生在過去的動作，對現(xiàn)在仍有影響。強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響。往往同模糊的時間狀語連用,如already,yet,just,before,ever,never,sofar,uptonow,untilnow,inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days,duringthelastthreemonths等。例如：Mr.WanghasjustcomebackfromAmerica.Wehaveseenthatfilmbefore.Havetheyfoundthemissingchildyet?Peterhaswrittensixnovelssofar.Ihaven'treceivedyourletteruptonow.Tomhasbeenbusyinthepastfewyears.注意點：★have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeento和have/hasbeenin的區(qū)別have/hasgoneto去了某地，人還未回來（常出現(xiàn)在詢問“某人在哪里”的對話中）have/hasbeento去過某地,人已經(jīng)回來了（常與ever,never,before,just,次數(shù)等詞連用）have/hasbeenin待在某地（常與表一段時間的時間狀語連用，如“since,for,howlong”）e.g.ShehasbeentoShanghaibefore.ShehasbeeninShanghaifortenyears.WhereisAmy?ShehasgonetoQingdao.2）現(xiàn)在完成時還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與for或since等表示一段時間的狀語連用。for與一段時間連用，since與時間點連用。注意：since后接過去時的時間狀語或過去時的句子。e.g.IhavebeentoShanghaitwicesince1970.Ihaven’tseenhersincesheleftShanghai.Ihavebeenawayfromhomefor10years.注意：現(xiàn)在完成時非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。常見的非延續(xù)性動詞及與之對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞或“be+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)（動作—狀態(tài)）come/go/arrive/get/reach/movebein/atopenbeopendiebedeadclosebeclosedbecomebeborrowkeepfallillbeillbuyhaveleavebeaway(from)begin/startbeonfallasleepbeasleepend/finishbeovermarrybemarried joinbein/beamemberof例：吉姆買這支筆已有兩年了。Jimboughtthispentwoyearsago.Jimhashadthispenfortwoyears.Jimhashadthispensincetwoyearsago.Jimhashadthispensince2020.ItistwoyearssinceJimboughtthispen.1）Jim_________alotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.A．learns B．learned C．willlearn D．haslearned2）Mr.Smith________Chinesefortwoyears.He’smuchbetteratitnow.A．learns B．waslearning C．haslearned D．willlearn3）We________goodfriendssincewewereinmiddleschool.A.havebeen B．a(chǎn)re C．were D．willbe4）I________youfortwoyears.Imissyouverymuch.A．don’tsee B．won’tsee C．didn’tsee D．haven’tseen六．過去進(jìn)行時1.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)2.用法：1）表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。動作發(fā)生的特指時間常用一個短語或時間狀語從句來表明，如atthistimeyesterday,at7:00yesterday,lastnight,fromseventonine,atthattime和when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句等。MyfamilywerewatchingTVatthattimeyesterday.WhenIarrived,Tomwastalkingonthephone.Whatwereyoudoingat9:00o’clockyesterdaymorning?注意：1）以while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中，從句與主句的動作在過去某一時刻同時進(jìn)行，while常譯為“當(dāng)……的時候，同時”。TomwasdoinghishomeworkwhilehissisterwaswatchingTV.短暫性動詞不能用過去進(jìn)行時。常見短暫性動詞:arrive/reach,return,leave,go,come,open,fall,die,getup,gotobed,wakeup,buy,sell...1．I________aboutmysisterwhenmyphonerang.Itwasher!A．think B．willthink C．wasthinking D．a(chǎn)mthinking2I___________onthecomputerwhenFrankcalledmelastnight.A.work B.willwork C.wasworking D.amworking3．——Paul,whatwereyoudoingatnineLastnight?——Iamovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.A．waswatching B．watch C．havewatched D．willwatch4.—Amy,whatwereyoudoingatsixyesterdayevening?—I________mymotherpreparethedinner.A．help B．helped C．washelping D．willhelp5.I________myphysicsnotesat9o’clocklastnight.A．review B．reviewed C．a(chǎn)mreviewing D．wasreviewing6JohntookaphotoofmewhenI________intheparkyesterday.A．dance B．willdance C．wasdancing D．a(chǎn)mdancing7.IsawLucyintheschoolhall.She________forherspeechatthattime.A．prepares B．willprepare C．waspreparing D．hasprepared時態(tài)檢測班級：姓名：1．Don’tloseheart.Ifyoukeepworkinghard,you_________someday.A．willsucceed B．succeed C．succeeded D．havesucceeded2.Onourfarm,thetealeaves________byhandwhentheyareready.A．pick B．picked C．a(chǎn)repicked D．werepicked3.—Doyouknow_________thenewnationalpark?—Yes,Ido.Toprotectwildlifeandbenefitthelocalpeople.A．whydidChinasetup