人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)筆記(原創(chuàng)版)

第15頁(yè)共16頁(yè)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)筆記alwaysalways(總是),usually(通常),often(經(jīng)常),sometimes(有時(shí)),hardly[ever](幾乎不),never(從不)頻率副詞①助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前②hardly,never為否定副詞，句中不需再加no或not③提問(wèn)常用howoften④均可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)，且always,never還用于將來(lái)時(shí)Thewomanisverybusy,sosheseldom(難得，很少)watchesTV.Unit1HowoftendoyouexerciseUnit1Howoftendoyouexercisehardhard①困難的；硬的；勤奮的；嚴(yán)厲的；苛刻的(形容詞)Thegroundistoohardtodig.②努力地；猛烈地；劇烈地(副詞)Theytriedhardtosucceed.hardly=almostnot幾乎不，幾乎沒有There’shardlyanycoffeeleft.=There’salmostnocoffeeleft.sometimessometimes有時(shí)(現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去)Hewassometimeslateforschool.sometime某時(shí)(將來(lái)、過(guò)去)Hecameheresometimesometime一段時(shí)間(各種時(shí)態(tài))Hewillstaythereforsometime.sometimes幾次，幾倍Hecamehomesometimes.everever①曾經(jīng)(完成時(shí)態(tài))Haveyoueverbeenthere?②習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或重復(fù)動(dòng)作(疑問(wèn)或否定句)Doyouevereatmeat?

Youarehardlyeverathome.③比以往任何時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)(比較時(shí)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣)Heranfasterthanever.④用于why,when等詞后，表驚訝”究竟，到底”Wheneverdidyouleave?forever永遠(yuǎn)

hardlyever幾乎從來(lái)不，難得

neverever從不，永不onceaweek一周一次onceaweek一周一次

twiceaweek一周兩次

threetimesaweek一周三次[前面中間均不用介詞]onceuponatime從前onceuponatime從前

atonce立刻，馬上on/atweekends周末

onthe/this/thatweekends(在雙方都知道的特定周末)gotothemovies=seeamoive=gotothecinema=watchamovie去看電影gotothemovies=seeamoive=gotothecinema=watchamovie去看電影gotothetheater去看戲

gototheconcert去聽音樂(lè)會(huì)gotoschool/college上(大)學(xué)

gotochurch做禮拜looklook(有意識(shí)地看，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)看(不及物,接賓語(yǔ)+at)Pleaselookatmyfamilyphoto.see(著重看的結(jié)果)看見seethedoctor,seeafilmwatch(仔細(xì)、欣賞)觀看,(仔細(xì))查看watchaplay/match/showread看書，讀報(bào)，讀(鐘表)readabook/newspaper/watchexerciseexercise①運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不及物動(dòng)詞)Heexercisesthreetimesaweek.②運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數(shù)名詞)Youshouldtakeexercise(=dosports)ifwanttohealthy.③練習(xí)；操(可數(shù)名詞)Studentsalwayshavealotofexercisestodo.doeyeexercises做眼保健操

domorningexercises作早操surfsurf在…沖浪(及物動(dòng)詞)；沖浪(不及物動(dòng)詞)Iliketosurfthewaves.

Look,theboyissurfing.surftheinternet=goonline上網(wǎng)

gosurfing去沖浪howlong多久/多長(zhǎng)howlong多久/多長(zhǎng)(for/about+一段時(shí)間

…meterslong)howoften多久一次(often,twiceaweek)howsoon多快/過(guò)多久(in+一段時(shí)間)howfar多遠(yuǎn)(tenminutes’walk)howmany多少(數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))howmuch多少(錢)(數(shù)詞+量詞+不可數(shù)名詞/數(shù)詞+錢)goshopping去購(gòu)物goshopping去購(gòu)物

goskating去滑冰

gofishing去釣魚

goboating去劃船gosightseeing去觀光

dosomereading閱讀

dosomewashing洗涮

dosomecooking做飯dosomeswimming游泳

dosomespeaking說(shuō)話

dosomelistening多聽not不not不(副詞，后接動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞)no不,沒有(形容詞，作定語(yǔ)，后接可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞)(=nota/an/any)Ihavenofriends

Noonecandoit.不許，不可(省略句中)Nosmoking！禁止吸煙

Nophotos!禁止拍照HHereare…倒裝句式①主語(yǔ)為代詞，全句半倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)Hereyouare給你

Herehecomes他來(lái)了②主語(yǔ)為名詞，全句全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)Hereareyourbooks.

Herecomesthebus.resultresult結(jié)果，成績(jī)(可數(shù)名詞)getgoodresults取得好成績(jī)

listentotheresults聽結(jié)果theresultsof…結(jié)果asforasfor至于，就…而言AsforEnglish,Ilikeitverymuch.Weallcome,butasforhim,hedidn’tcome.aboutabout①大約Sheisabouttwentyyearsold.②在…周圍Ilostmypenabouttheclassroom.③關(guān)于，對(duì)于TheyaretalkingaboutaTVplay.注意on“關(guān)于”，用于表示嚴(yán)肅或?qū)W術(shù)性場(chǎng)合，供專門研究用aspeechonAfricahistorymostmost①多數(shù)的，大部分的Mostpeoplethinkso.②最大的，最多的Whogotthemosthelp?③大多數(shù)，大部分，大多數(shù)人(代詞)mostofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Mostofthestudentsliketravelling.mostof+物主代詞+名詞Hespendsmostofhistimetravelling.mostof+賓格代詞Mostofusliketravelling.④非常，很(副詞)=veryIt’samostinterestingbook.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)①經(jīng)常發(fā)生頻率副詞always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday,everyweek等②客觀真理③心理狀態(tài)和感覺動(dòng)詞無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)be,love,like,hate,want,hope,need,prefer,wish,know,understand,remember,feel,believe,guess,think,look,see,hear,find,have,sound,taste等drink喝drink喝(tea,water,milk,cola,beer,wine液體類)eat吃(fruit,vegetables,rice,fish,meet固體類)eat/havesoup喝湯takemedicine喝藥have吃，喝(三餐breakfast,lunch,supper,dinner)wantsth想要什么wantsth想要什么wanttodosth想要做什么=feellikedoing=wouldliketodosthwantsbtodosth想要某人做某事注意want側(cè)重主觀，need側(cè)重客觀需要sthwant/needdoing主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Theflowerswant/needwatering.=Theflowerswant/needtobewatered.begoodfor對(duì)…begoodfor對(duì)…有益begoodto對(duì)…好begoodat擅自…begoodwith和…相處得好Itisagoodhabittodosth做什么是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣fall/getintothehabitof沾染…習(xí)慣formthehabitof養(yǎng)成…習(xí)慣outofhabit出于習(xí)慣health健康(n)Theoldmanisingoodhealth.health健康(n)Theoldmanisingoodhealth.

keepingoodhealthhealthy健康的(adj)Mygrandmaisveryhealthy.

keephealthy

stayhealthypretty很，相當(dāng)(adv)Themanisprettyold.pretty很，相當(dāng)(adv)Themanisprettyold.

Thebookisprettyexpensive.pretty漂亮的，秀麗的(adj)Whataprettygirl!eatinghabits飲食習(xí)慣eatinghabits飲食習(xí)慣

sleepingpill安眠藥

drinkingwater飲用水try(not)todosth努力(不)做某事Itrytoanswerthequestion.try(not)todosth努力(不)做某事Itrytoanswerthequestion.trydoingsth嘗試做某事Hetriedswimmingacrosstheriver.tryout試驗(yàn)CanItryoutyournewbicycle?tryon試穿Thedressisverynice.CanItryiton?tryone’sbesttodosth盡最大努力去做某事WeshouldtryourbesttostudyEnglishwell.haveatry嘗試一下helpsbtodosthhelpsbdosthhelpsbtodosthhelpsbdosthhelpsbwithsthwithone’shelp=withthehelpofhelponeselfto請(qǐng)隨便吃些can’thelpdoingsth禁不住，情不自禁lookafter照看lookat=havealookatlookover檢查lookup(在字典中)查找lookforwardto期待，盼望lookaround/about環(huán)顧too肯定句，句中前后用逗，句末前用逗號(hào)Hehasaknife.Ihaveaknife,too.too肯定句，句中前后用逗，句末前用逗號(hào)Hehasaknife.Ihaveaknife,too.also肯定句，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，系助動(dòng)詞后Sandywasalsoattheparty.either否定句，句末前用逗號(hào)Hewon’tgo,either.SayingathingSayingathingisverydifferentfromdoingit.What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?kindof稍微，有點(diǎn)兒Ikindof稍微，有點(diǎn)兒I’mkindoftired我有點(diǎn)累akindof一種allkindsof各種各樣的different/manykindsof不同種/許多種類It’sverykindofyoutodothatmaybe大概，或許maybe大概，或許(副詞)=perhapsMaybeyouareright.maybe(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be)Youmayberight.although雖然，盡管although雖然，盡管(從屬連詞)=though不能與but(并列連詞)同時(shí)使用，但可與still,yet同時(shí)連用Althoughheisold,heisstillhealthy.=Heisold,butheisstillhealthy.注意：because與so不能連用。BecauseA句，B句=A句，soB句keepdoingsth持續(xù)做某事keepdoingsth持續(xù)做某事(不間斷)keepondoingsth反復(fù)做某事(短暫間斷)keepsb/sth+adj.使某人保持某種狀態(tài)keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止，保護(hù)…不受(from)keepupwith趕上

keepashop開商店

keepintouchwith與某保持聯(lián)系

keepaneyeon照看must必須，應(yīng)當(dāng)must必須，應(yīng)當(dāng)(否定needn’t或don’thaveto不必)MustIstayhere?—No.Youneedn’t/don’thaveto.mustn’t禁止Youmustn’tdrivesofast.不許開車開得這么快。must必定會(huì),很可能Thisdishmustbedelicious.這道菜肯定好吃WWhat’swrongwithyou?What’sthematter/troublewithyou?What’syourtrouble?What’sup?Unit2WhatUnit2What’sthematter?givesbadviceonsth給某人提有關(guān)某某建議takeonegivesbadviceonsth給某人提有關(guān)某某建議takeone’sadvice聽從某人的建議advisesb(not)todosth建議某人(不)做某事haveabackache背痛=haveasorebackMylegshurts.Myeyesache.Ihaveapaininthearm.seethedoctor==gotothedoctor’seethedoctor==gotothedoctor’sgetback=beback=comeback=returnbelievesb相信某人(的話)believeinsb信任某人believesb相信某人(的話)believeinsb信任某人lie躺；位于—lay—lain—lyinglie說(shuō)謊—lied—lied—lyingfeel/be/gettired感到疲勞be/feeltiredof對(duì)feel/be/gettired感到疲勞be/feeltiredof對(duì)…感到厭倦be/feeltiredwith因…勞累Ithinkso.我認(rèn)為是這樣Idon’tthinkso.我認(rèn)為不是這樣類似詞：believe,suppose,hope,say等wishsbtodosthwishsbsthwishsbtodosthwishsbsthwishtodowishthat從句(不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望)hopesohopetodosthhopethat從句(很可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望)hopeforsthproblem難以解決難題或問(wèn)題，與solve、settle搭配problem難以解決難題或問(wèn)題，與solve、settle搭配question要口頭回答的問(wèn)題，與ask、answer搭配trouble麻煩事，憂慮，與have、make搭配forexample舉例說(shuō)明forexample舉例說(shuō)明(只舉一個(gè))Heboughtalotofschoolthings,forexample,notebooks.suchas列舉同類中的幾個(gè)例子=likeHeknowsseverallanguages,suchasEnglish,FrenchandRussian.Itis+adj+for+sb+todosthItis+adj+for+sb+todosth形容詞表事情性質(zhì)、特征：improtant,easy,difficult,hard,necessary等Itis+adj+of+sb+todosth形容詞表人的品質(zhì)、特質(zhì)：kind,wise,clever,good,right,foolish等everybody/everyone每個(gè)人everybody/everyone每個(gè)人(謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，后不能接of)Everybody/everyonelikeschildren.everyone每個(gè)人，每件物(后能接of)Everyoneofuslovesthechildren.getstressedout變得緊張，有壓力的undergetstressedout變得緊張，有壓力的under…stress在壓力之下atthemoment=now目前forthemoment暫時(shí)atthatmoment在那時(shí)atthemoment=now目前forthemoment暫時(shí)atthatmoment在那時(shí)atthelastmoment在最后關(guān)頭amomentago剛才justamoment稍等一下foramoment一會(huì)兒keepbalance保持平衡ablanceddiet飲食平衡keepbalance保持平衡ablanceddiet飲食平衡abalanceof…的平衡besorrytodosth對(duì)做…感到遺憾besorryforsb對(duì)某人感到遺憾besorryaboutsth對(duì)某事感到遺憾be+V-ing進(jìn)行時(shí)表預(yù)計(jì)將來(lái)要做的事情，跟將來(lái)時(shí)間be+V-ing進(jìn)行時(shí)表預(yù)計(jì)將來(lái)要做的事情，跟將來(lái)時(shí)間HeisleavingBeijingtomorrow.他明天離開北京summervacation/holiday暑假wintervacation/holiday寒假takeaholiday/vacation度假forvacation度假(表目的)onvacation度假(表行為進(jìn)行)holiday休息日，假日=vacationfestival(民俗、宗教或喜慶)日或(音樂(lè)、戲劇、電影等)會(huì)演節(jié)日，前常用冠詞afilmfestivaltheSpringFestivalday傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日或法定節(jié)日Teachers’DayUnit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?gocamping去野營(yíng)gocamping去野營(yíng)

gohiking去徒步遠(yuǎn)足

goboating去劃船dosomewashing洗衣服

dosomecooking煮飯

dosomeshopping買東西dosomecleaning大掃除

dosomelistening/reading/writing/speaking多聽/讀/寫/說(shuō)How/WhataboutHow/Whatabout(prep)+sb/sth/doingsth?怎么樣；對(duì)于…怎么樣How/Whataboutyou,Tony?How/Whataboutyourexamlastweek,Kate?How/Whataboutsittinginthegarden?Howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間持續(xù)性謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞live,stay,study,work,play,等；for+一段時(shí)間Howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間持續(xù)性謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞live,stay,study,work,play,等；for+一段時(shí)間Howlong多長(zhǎng)Howlongistheriver?live長(zhǎng)時(shí)間居住live長(zhǎng)時(shí)間居住stay短暫停留HelivesinWuhanbutnowhestaysinBeijing.goaway離開=beaway=getawaygoaway離開=beaway=getawaytakeaway拿走runaway跑開haveagood/rice/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高興haveagood/rice/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高興haveagoodtime/havefun(in)doingsth=enjoydoingsth很高興做某事ssend,give,show,bring,teach,tell+sb+sth=V+sthtosbbuy,sing,make,cook,get+sbforsbMyfatherboughtacomputerforme.Pleasesendittohim.makeaplan制訂計(jì)劃workoutaplan擬訂計(jì)劃makeaplan制訂計(jì)劃workoutaplan擬訂計(jì)劃plantodosth打算做某事planfor為作計(jì)劃planon(doing)sth指望，打算sendsth發(fā)送某物sendsbsth=sendsthtosb把某物寄給某人sendsbtodosth派某人做某事sendback送回，退回sendforsb派人去請(qǐng)某人sendup發(fā)射，使價(jià)格上升年月周前要用in,星期幾號(hào)則用on；泛指上午下午需用in,具體日子則用on；午夜黃昏黎明用at年月周前要用in,星期幾號(hào)則用on；泛指上午下午需用in,具體日子則用on；午夜黃昏黎明用atbefamousfor+著名的原因befamousfor+著名的原因(特產(chǎn))ChinaisveryfamousfortheGreatWall.YaoMingisfamousforplayingbasketball.befamousas以(身份、職業(yè)、產(chǎn)地、地方)而著名YaoMingisfamousasabasketballplayer.decidesthdecidetodosthdecidesthdecidetodosthdecideondoingsth決定做某事decidethat從句thinkabout從各方面思考thinkof想起，考慮thinkover仔細(xì)考慮thinkout想出spend+時(shí)間/金錢+(in)doingsth花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事spend+時(shí)間/金錢+onsthspend+時(shí)間/金錢+(in)doingsth花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事spend+時(shí)間/金錢+onsthleavesth地方遺忘某物在某地forgetsth忘帶東西forgettodosth忘記要做某事Donforgettodosth忘記要做某事Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.forgetdoingsth忘記做了某事HeforgotgoingtoShanghaiwithhisparentswhenhewasfive.forgetoneself忘我，奮不顧身Forgetit別提它了，別在意forgetful健忘的rentsthfromsb從某人處租用某物rentsthfromsb從某人處租用某物rentsthtosb把某物租給某人V+V-ing作賓語(yǔ)V+V-ing作賓語(yǔ)finishdoingsth完成做某事practisedoingwith練習(xí)做某事enjoydoingsth喜歡做某事minddoingsth介意做某事keepdoingsth保持做某事asksbsth問(wèn)某人某事asksbsth問(wèn)某人某事asksb(not)todosth問(wèn)某人某事askforsth請(qǐng)求某事；要某物asksbforsth向某人要某物Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?gettogetarriveinWuhan(名詞)gettogetarriveinWuhan(名詞)arrivehome,here,there(地點(diǎn)副詞)reachreachtakethebus=bybusbysea=byship乘船takethebus=bybusbysea=byship乘船takeataxi乘出租車byrail=bytrain乘火車takethesubway乘地鐵onfoot步行taketheplane=byplane=byair乘飛機(jī)gotoschoolona/thebus(大型交通工具)gotoschoolina/thecar(小型交通工具)sbspend+sbspend+時(shí)間/金錢+onsth/(in)doingsthIspent3hoursonmyhomeworkyesterday.Ittakessb+時(shí)間+todosthIttookmefourhourstogotoWuhanbybus.sbpay+金錢+forsthIpaidfiveyuanformyEnglishbook.sthcostsb+金錢MyEnglishbookcostmefiveyuan.stop(市區(qū)沿途?？康?stop(市區(qū)沿途?？康?小站station(停、轉(zhuǎn)車輛的)車站；局，所stoptodosth停下來(lái)去做某事stopdoingsth停止正在做的某事frommorningtoevening從早到晚fromdoortodoor挨家挨戶frombeginningtoend自始至終fromtimetotime時(shí)不時(shí)havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinnerhavebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinnerhaveaquick/light/deliciousbreakfast吃了一頓快速/簡(jiǎn)便/豐盛的早餐quick動(dòng)作突然迅速、敏捷，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作、反應(yīng)快aquickworkerquick動(dòng)作突然迅速、敏捷，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作、反應(yīng)快aquickworker

aquickmind

aquickanswerfast速度快afastsleep很快入睡afasttrain/plance快速火車/飛機(jī)soon不久，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間短，用于將來(lái)時(shí)ride乘車rideahorse騎馬rideabicycle騎自行車rideamotorcycleride乘車rideahorse騎馬rideabicycle騎自行車rideamotorcycledrive駕駛車輛driveacar開車drivesheep趕羊partof部分partof部分alargepartof大部分dependon/upondependon/upon取決于；依靠…而定Itdependsontheweather.beillinhospital生病住院asmallnumberof少量的anumberof許多的asmallnumberof少量的anumberof許多的alarge/geatnumberof大量的bedifferentfrom與不同Bananasaredifferentfromoranges.find/knowthedifference找到不同點(diǎn)makea/thedifference有影響；起重要作用makenodifference無(wú)關(guān)緊要NNotall/everyone/both=…all/everyone/both/always…not(部分否定)并不是所有Notalltheanswersareright=Alltheanswersaren’tright.speakto/withsb對(duì)/同某人說(shuō)話speakto/withsb對(duì)/同某人說(shuō)話(能力)speakChinese講中文saytosbsth(強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容)talkto/withsb(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)talkaboutsb/sth談?wù)撃橙?某事tellsbsth(雙賓)tellastory/lie講故事tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事tellAfromB區(qū)分Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?Yes,I’Yes,I’dloveto./I’dliketo.接受邀請(qǐng)肯定回答Yes,It’sverynice/kindofyou.Thatsoundsgreat.ThatsoundslikefunI’mhappy/gladto…Wouldyouliketo…向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)、征求意見What/Howabout…ShallI(we)…MayIinviteyouto…II’dlove/liketo,but…否定婉拒回答Maybesomeother/anothertime.I’msorryIcan’t.Ihaveto…I’mafraidIcan’tI’mafraidnot.sure當(dāng)然可以=certainly=yessure當(dāng)然可以=certainly=yes(口語(yǔ)肯定回答)MayIuseyoupen?--Sure.besuretodo務(wù)必，千萬(wàn)(祈使句)Besuretogiveitbackintime.sbbesuretodo某人一定會(huì)做He’ssuretocome.sbbesureof/about一定，肯定Heissureofsuccess=Heissurethathewillsucceed.sbbesurethat從句肯定，有把握I’msurewhoheis.expect,hope,wish,prefer,want,try等詞后動(dòng)詞不定式省略時(shí)不能省略toexpect,hope,wish,prefer,want,try等詞后動(dòng)詞不定式省略時(shí)不能省略toIhaven’tbeentoHongKong,butIwishto(gothere).havetohaveto(客觀上)不得不(否定don’thaveto)It’sraining.Ihavetostayathome.must(主觀意愿)不得不(否定don’thaveto,needn’t)Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.[mustnot禁止]have/takeapianoclass上一節(jié)鋼琴課havehistorylessons上歷史課have/takeapianoclass上一節(jié)鋼琴課havehistorylessons上歷史課teach/givesbalesson給某人一個(gè)教訓(xùn)learnone’slesson吸取教訓(xùn)thanksfor因而感謝Thanksforhelpingmethanksfor因而感謝Thanksforhelpingmethanksto多虧；由于(=becauseof)Thankstoyourhelp,wefinishedit.babysitbabysithissister臨時(shí)照看他妹妹invitesbtodosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbtodosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbtosomewhere邀請(qǐng)某人去某地callonsb拜訪某人Yesterdaycallonsb拜訪某人YesterdayIcalledhim.callatsomewhere拜訪某地HecalledathisChineseteacher’shouse.call/ringsb(up)phone/telephonesbgivesbacall/ring給某人打電話call/ringsb(up)phone/telephonesbgivesbacall/ring給某人打電話visitsb拜訪某人visitsb拜訪某人visitsw拜訪某地beonavisittopayavisittogivesbavisitnextweek下一周nextweek下一周(以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn))thedayaftertomorrow后天thenextweek第二周(以某一特定時(shí)間為起點(diǎn))next,this,last,every,each,any,all等與時(shí)間詞連用時(shí)前面不加介詞next,this,last,every,each,any,all等與時(shí)間詞連用時(shí)前面不加介詞Wemetlastweek.keepquiet保持安靜keepopen開著keephealth保持健康keepquiet保持安靜keepopen開著keephealth保持健康keepsth保存某物；保管\、借用某物HowlongcanIkeepthebook?keep名詞/代詞adjKeepthedooropen,please.keep(sb)doingsth使(某人)持續(xù)做某事Don’tkeepsomeonewaitingsolong.afootballafootballmatch一場(chǎng)足球比賽aboxofmatch一盒火柴Matchwordswiththepictures把詞和圖片搭配起來(lái)allmylife=thewholelifealltheday=thewholeday整天allmylife=thewholelifealltheday=thewholeday整天allofthestudents=thewholeofthestudentscomeoverto順便拜訪=callon=dropin；走過(guò)來(lái)Theywillcomeovertomyhomeforeoverto順便拜訪=callon=dropin；走過(guò)來(lái)Theywillcomeovertomyhomefordinner.Hecameovertomeandshookmyhand.discusssth/todosth/賓語(yǔ)從句Letdiscusssth/todosth/賓語(yǔ)從句Let’sdiscussthematter.discusssthwithsb與某人商討某事haveadiscussionaboutsth對(duì)某事進(jìn)行討論heavy胖的；笨重的heavy胖的；笨重的—heavier—heaviest

thin瘦的—thinner--thinestheavyrain/snow/smoke大雨/雪/濃煙aserious/badillness一場(chǎng)大病

astrongwind一場(chǎng)大風(fēng)heavysmoker/drinker/eater煙癮/酒癮/食量大的人lightrain小雨haveaheavycold重感冒heavy/busytraffic交通擁擠Unit6IUnit6I’mmoreoutgoingthananysister.inthis/theway用這種方法；擋道bytheway順便說(shuō)一下inthis/theway用這種方法；擋道bytheway順便說(shuō)一下onthe/one’swayto在去…路上insomeways在某些方面calm(人)鎮(zhèn)靜的still(物理上安靜狀態(tài))靜止的quiet(沒有吵鬧、騷亂)靜止的;(人嫻靜、文靜)安靜的silent(人不發(fā)出聲音或不說(shuō)話)沉默的；無(wú)言的beseriousabout對(duì)beseriousabout對(duì)…認(rèn)真bestrictwithsb對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格bestrictinsth對(duì)某事嚴(yán)格bothboth①代詞Botharestudents.②Bothofthe/物主代詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Bothofherchildrenarestudents.Bothof賓格代詞Bothofusareteachers.③形容詞Boththeseroomsareempty.④BothAandB兩個(gè)都注意：all指三者以上morethanone+單數(shù)名詞不止一個(gè)morethanone+單數(shù)名詞不止一個(gè)(謂語(yǔ)單數(shù))Morethanoneboyknowshowtoplaythegame.more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞thanone+謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)Morestudentsthanonewereabsent.morethan超過(guò)；多于(=over)Hisfatherismorethan/overfifty.(notmorethan不多于)morethan不僅Sheismorethanateacher.nomorethan僅僅Therearenomorethantenticketsleft.more…than比…多Therearemoreboysthangirlsinourclass.incommon共同之處incommon共同之處incommonwith與…共有，共同havesomethingincommon有共同之處havenothingincommon沒有共同之處commonknowledge常識(shí)commonsense常識(shí)；常理acommonsaying俗話acommonwish一個(gè)共同的愿望as+adj./adv.+asas+adj./adv.+as名詞/代詞/句子Heworksashardasbefore.notas/so+adj./adv.+as名詞/代詞/句子HisEnglishisnotas/sogoodasmine.much,far,even,alittle,alot,abit等修飾比較級(jí)，而very,too,so,rather,quite只能修飾原級(jí)much,far,even,alittle,alot,abit等修飾比較級(jí)，而very,too,so,rather,quite只能修飾原級(jí)

She’salittlemoreoutgoingthanme.她比我更開朗一些Sheisfarsmarterthanbefore.Heisalittletallerthanyou.morethanmore越來(lái)越Moreandmorecountriesbegintosavethefinancialcrisis.morethanmore越來(lái)越Moreandmorecountriesbegintosavethefinancialcrisis.The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)越…，就越…Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.the+比較級(jí)of+thetwo…Lucyisthetallerofthetwins.make/have/let/keep使役動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+省to不定式/形容詞/名詞make/have/let/keep使役動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+省to不定式/形容詞/名詞(作賓語(yǔ))Thebossmadethemworkforlongtime.Whathesaidmakesushappy.WemadeJohnourmonitor.be/feel/get/becomeinterestedin對(duì)be/feel/get/becomeinterestedin對(duì)…感興趣take/show/haveaninterestin對(duì)…有興趣loseaninterestin對(duì)…失去興趣find(no)interestin發(fā)覺對(duì)(…沒)有興趣aplaceofgreatinterest風(fēng)景名勝careaboutsth關(guān)心；在意careforsb/sth喜歡，想要takecare=lookout當(dāng)心，小心takecareof照顧withcare小心，慎重and與or用法and與or用法Ican’tsingordance我不會(huì)唱歌跳舞LilyandLucycan’tspeakChinese.莉莉和露西都不會(huì)說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)Manwilldiewithoutairorwater.沒有空氣和水人就不能生存Thereisnowaterandnoaironthemoon.月球上沒有空氣和水begoodwith(to)sb善待某人begoodwith(to)sb善待某人begoodatsth擅長(zhǎng)于begoodfor有益于primaryschool小學(xué)bytheway順便說(shuō)一下bedifferentfrom與primaryschool小學(xué)bytheway順便說(shuō)一下bedifferentfrom與…不同it替代上文提到同一個(gè)事物it替代上文提到同一個(gè)事物(復(fù)數(shù)用they)Thereisabookonthetable,anditismine.that代替上文提到同一名稱事物(復(fù)數(shù)用those)TheweatherinWuhanishotterthanthatinYueyang.one泛指上文提到同一類事物(復(fù)數(shù)用ones)Thisbikeischeaperthanthatone.begintodosth=begindoingsth開始做某事begintodosth=begindoingsth開始做某事只能用begintodosth情形①SthbegintodosthTheicebegantomelt.②bebeginningtodosthHeisjustbeginningtowritetheletter.③beginto+想法、感情動(dòng)詞Shebegantounderstandit.beginwith=startwith以…開始can/could/beabletocan/could/beabletoafford承擔(dān)得起；買得起(vt.)Wecanaffordthenewhouse.affordto負(fù)擔(dān)得起(vi.)Wecan’taffordtogoabroadthissummer.afford提供，給予(vt.)Treesaffordsomeshelterfromthesun.turnon打開turnoff關(guān)閉turnout關(guān)，熄滅turnup旋大turndown旋小turnon打開turnoff關(guān)閉turnout關(guān)，熄滅turnup旋大turndown旋小turnin上交turninto使成為，翻譯成turnagainst反對(duì)turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)cutup切碎cutdown砍倒cutoff中斷，切掉cutup切碎cutdown砍倒cutoff中斷，切掉cutsthinhalves/two將某物對(duì)半切開have/getone’shaircut某人剪頭發(fā)pourout倒出pourpourout倒出pour…into/in把…倒進(jìn)…里put…into把…放進(jìn)…里；把…變成putaway把…收起來(lái)；整理好puton穿上putoff推遲，延期putout熄滅putdown放下；記下putup掛起，舉起cupcup(玻璃以外原料制成)杯子；獎(jiǎng)杯acupoftea一杯茶theWorldCup世界杯winthecup優(yōu)勝杯glass(玻璃制成)杯子aglassofmilk一杯牛奶mixup混合；混淆；弄亂Donmixup混合；混淆；弄亂Don’tmixupthosepiecesofpaper.mix…with把…和…混合Mixthisoilwiththepaintandstirwell.addadd…to…把…加到…上addsomewoodtothestoveaddtosth增加某事物addtoourdifficultiesaddup加起來(lái)Addup3,4and5andyou'llget12.adduptosth總計(jì)，共達(dá)Thenumberaddupto100.Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananasmilkshake?Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananasmilkshake?atthetopof在atthetopof在…頂端，在…最上方(范圍內(nèi)，點(diǎn)上)Hisnameisatthetopofthelist.高居榜首o(hù)ntopof在…頂上，在…上方(范圍外)ThereisaTVtowerontopofthehill.onthetopof在…上面(面上)Thereisabirdonthetopofthehouse.arecipefor一份arecipefor一份…的食譜arecipeformakingsalad制作沙拉的食譜asliceof一片intheyard在院子里takephotos照相inmyopinion就我看來(lái)；按我的觀點(diǎn)checksth檢查某物checksth檢查某物checkin登記；簽到checkup核對(duì)checklist核對(duì)清單Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?hanghang—hung—hung逗留；懸掛hang—hanged—hanged絞死；吊死hangout逗留；與某人在一起hangabout=hangabout閑逛hangup掛斷電話hangon不掛斷winsth贏得比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎(jiǎng)品、名次等winaprize/game/match/honor/battle/schoolshipwinsth贏得比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎(jiǎng)品、名次等winaprize/game/match/honor/battle/schoolshipbeatsb戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)方beatateam/anation/anopponentjourney長(zhǎng)途陸路trip短途短期tour觀光游玩travel時(shí)長(zhǎng)路遠(yuǎn)foreigntraveljourney長(zhǎng)途陸路trip短途短期tour觀光游玩travel時(shí)長(zhǎng)路遠(yuǎn)foreigntravelbuysbsth=buysthforsbbuysthfromsbbuysbsth=buysthforsbbuysthfromsbsellsbsth=sellsthtosbsleeplate睡過(guò)頭；起得晚sleepwell睡得香sleeplate睡過(guò)頭；起得晚sleepwell睡得香sleepbadly睡得不好gotosleep去睡覺attheendof在…最后；在…末端bytheendof到…為止intheend=finally最后onnextdayoff下一個(gè)休息日onlastdayoff上一個(gè)休息日onnextdayoff下一個(gè)休息日onlastdayoff上一個(gè)休息日goforawalk去散步goforaswim去游泳goforaride去騎馬(車)goforawalk去散步goforaswim去游泳goforaride去騎馬(車)goforadoctor去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生goforapicnic去野餐soundsound(聽起來(lái))/feel(摸起來(lái))/taste(嘗起來(lái))/look(看起來(lái))/smell(聞起來(lái))+adj.Thatsoundsfun.sound(聽起來(lái))/feel(摸起來(lái))/taste(嘗起來(lái))/look(看起來(lái))/smell(聞起來(lái))+like+n.Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.V-ing形容詞V-ing形容詞：表事物性質(zhì)、特質(zhì)，“令人…,”“讓人…”，物作主語(yǔ)或作定語(yǔ)修飾物exciting/interesting/moving/surprising/pleasing/frighteningThestoryisboring.V-ed形容詞：形容人，表示“感到…的”，“使人…的”。主語(yǔ)為人excited/interested/moved/surprised/pleased/frightenedI’mboredwiththebook.havefundoingsth=enjoydoingsth=haveagoodtime(in)doingsth有趣做havefundoingsth=enjoydoingsth=haveagoodtime(in)doingsth有趣做…fun玩笑，娛樂(lè)(不可數(shù)名詞)；有趣的(形容詞)funny滑稽的(形容詞)WWhoisit?是誰(shuí)？(it用來(lái)指代雙方心目中都明白但仍未弄明白的人或物)--It’sme.是我。lucky幸運(yùn)的aluckydog幸運(yùn)兒aluckyguess僥幸猜中aluckyday幸運(yùn)日Luckyyou真幸運(yùn)lucky幸運(yùn)的aluckydog幸運(yùn)兒aluckyguess僥幸猜中aluckyday幸運(yùn)日Luckyyou真幸運(yùn)luckily幸運(yùn)地luck幸運(yùn)Goodlucktoyou!Unit9Whenwasheborn？Unit9Whenwasheborn？bebornin出生于bebornin出生于(地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間)HewasborninEnglandin1995.bebornon出生于(具體某一天)HewasbornonMay4,1995.bebornof出身于(家庭)Hewasbornofapoorfamily.begin=start開始begin=start開始以下幾種情況只能用start①創(chuàng)辦，開設(shè)Hestartedanewshoplastyear.②機(jī)器開動(dòng)Canyoustartthecar?③出發(fā)，動(dòng)身Wemuststartearly.tootoo…to太…而不能Heistooyoungtogotoschool.so…that如此…以致于Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.(主從句主語(yǔ)同一)Theboxissolightthatthechildcanliftit.=Theboxislightenoughforthechildtoliftit.(主從句主不同)becomebecomeadoctor=turndoctor(接職業(yè)名詞)become身體、職位變化，作瞬間動(dòng)詞時(shí)指狀態(tài)變化becomeacomputerengineer.get多接比較級(jí)，指人的感情、身體狀況、自然或社會(huì)變化Hishealthisgettingbetter.turn顏色或性質(zhì)等變化Treesturnyellowinautumn.grow漸漸變成為，生長(zhǎng)性變化Myfatherisgrowingold.go進(jìn)入不好的狀態(tài)gobad變壞come進(jìn)入好的狀態(tài)cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)called=named被叫做IhaveafriendcalledJim.called=named被叫做IhaveafriendcalledJim.callsbname喊某人的名字callsbnames罵人callonsb拜訪某人calloff叫走callin召集，來(lái)訪callout出動(dòng)playplay…for為效力inone’sfree/sparetime某人空余時(shí)間loving慈愛的loving慈愛的(長(zhǎng)輩)；真摯的Sheisakindandlovingmother.lovely可愛的(兒童)；迷人的Doyouknowthelovelygirl?seesbdosth看見某人做某事seesbdosth看見某人做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)全過(guò)程或習(xí)慣性)Ioftenseehimwalkinthepark.seesbdoingsth看見某人正在做某事(表動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Isawhimwalkinginthepark.注意：一感(feel)，二聽(listento,hear)，三讓(have,make,let)，四看(see,observe,notice,watch)cchampion冠軍(與get搭配)Shebecameaskatingchampionattheageof10.championship冠軍賽(即比賽)wonthechampionshiptheWorldWomen'sVolleyballChampionships世界女子排球錦標(biāo)賽bewell-knownfor=befamousfor因bewell-knownfor=befamousfor因…而著名(眾所周知)Heisfamous/well-knownforthatnovel.bewell-knownas(接身份)作為…知名，被稱作是…Hermotheriswell-knownasamodelteacher.join+黨派、團(tuán)體、組織/us/themWouldyouliketojoinus?join+黨派、團(tuán)體、組織/us/themWouldyouliketojoinus?joinsbin+活動(dòng)Hejoinedusinthegame.takepartin+會(huì)議/群眾性活動(dòng)Itookpartinthesportsmeetingyesterday.TTheonly/last/next/序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)+名詞todoHeisthefirstboytogettoschooleveryday.Heistheonlystudenttoanswerthequestioncorrectlyinhisclass.alive活著的，在世的alive活著的，在世的(表語(yǔ)形容詞，常作表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ),作表語(yǔ)=living)I’mafraidheisnolongeralive.Thekinddecidedtokeephimalive.living活著的(可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ))Therearenolivingthingsontheroom.Isyourgrandfatherstillliving?live活的，活生生的(主用于動(dòng)物，一般只作定語(yǔ))；實(shí)況直播的Alivefishisswimminginthewater.ThereisgoingtobealiveprogramofNBAtonight.lively活潑的，有生氣的(可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ))Sheisalivelygirl.以a開頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞(awake,asleep,afraid等)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置以a開頭的表語(yǔ)形容詞(awake,asleep,afraid等)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置Heisawake.Theboyawakeishisson.people人們(集體名詞，表復(fù)數(shù)概念)people人們(集體名詞，表復(fù)數(shù)概念)apeople一個(gè)民族(普通名詞)peoples多個(gè)民族majorin主攻(動(dòng)詞)MybrothermajorsinEnglish.major主修課程(名詞)Mymajorismanagement.major主要的(形容詞)Thisisamajorroad.because+句子because+句子(連詞)Becauseheisill,heisn’theretoday.becauseof+名詞/代詞/動(dòng)名詞(介詞短語(yǔ))Becauseofhisillness,heisn’theretoday.begoingtodosth打算、計(jì)劃Ibegoingtodosth打算、計(jì)劃I’mgoingtostudyinAmerica(nextmonth).willdosth未預(yù)先思考、單純將來(lái)事實(shí)(不與具體時(shí)間連用)I’lltellherthenewsassoonasIseeher.growup成長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)大；生