職稱英語概括大意和完成句子題答題技巧

職稱英語概括大意和完成句子題答題技巧1.出題思路書內(nèi)共編寫15篇短文，每篇下面都分成兩個(gè)部分：一是概括大意；二是完成句子。每小題1分，共8分。概括大意：要求對四個(gè)指定的段落作出概括，從給出的A-F六項(xiàng)中挑選出你認(rèn)為正確的一項(xiàng)來概括某一段落。有兩項(xiàng)屬于干擾項(xiàng)。其目的是考核學(xué)員對指定段落的理解和概括能力。完成句子：給出4個(gè)不完整的句子，要求從A-F六項(xiàng)中挑出你認(rèn)為正確的一項(xiàng)補(bǔ)充到某一句中，使其合乎邏輯，通順達(dá)意。有兩個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)。其目的是考核學(xué)員隊(duì)語法結(jié)構(gòu)及邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力。2.解題步驟概括大意部分：（1）先看A-F6項(xiàng)（2）后按指定段落回到短文。完成句子部分：（1）先看4個(gè)不完整句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。（2）后看A-F6項(xiàng)3.解題的方法和技巧概括大意部分：（1）先快速將A-F6項(xiàng)翻譯過來。（2）回到指定段落，要重點(diǎn)盯住每一段的第一句，第二句或最后一句，對照A-F6項(xiàng)，選出正確一項(xiàng)。完成句子部分：（1）重點(diǎn)盯住每句短線的“前”與“后”，依據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)，采取“各取所需”進(jìn)行選項(xiàng)。（2）如無法進(jìn)行，采取“上”“下”相通相順進(jìn)行選項(xiàng)（3）如還無法進(jìn)行，就要按照“信息詞”回歸到原文，找到原句看懂，再進(jìn)行選項(xiàng)。實(shí)例分析：第一篇Architecture1Architectureistobuildingasliteratureistotheprintedword.Thebestbuildingsareoftensowellconstructedthattheyoutlasttheiroriginaluse.Theythensurvivenotonlyasbeautifulobjects,butasdocumentsofthehistoryofcultures.Theseachievementsareneverwhollytheworkofindividuals.Architectureisasocialart.2Therenaissancebroughtaboutanentirelynewage,notonlyinphilosophyandliteraturebutinthevisualartsaswell.Inarchitecture,theprinciplesandstylesofancientGreeceandRomewerebroughtbacktolifeandreinterpreted.Theyremaindominantuntilthe20thcentury.3Manykindsofstoneareusedasbuildingmaterials.Stoneandmarblewerechosenforimportantmonumentsbecausetheyarenotburnableandcanbeexpectedtoendure.Stonearchitecturewasoftenblendedwithstonesculpture.Theuseofstonehasdeclined,however,becauseanumberofothermaterialsaremoreadaptabletoindustrialuse.4Thecomplexityofmodernlifecallsforavarietyofbuilding.Morepeopleliveinmasshousingandgotoworkinlargeofficebuildings;theyspendtheirincomeinlargeshoppingcenters,sendtheirchildrentomanydifferentkindsofschools,andwhentheyaresicktheygotospecializedhospitalsandclinics.Allthesesdifferenttypesofbuildingsaccumulatedexperiencesneededbytheirdesigners.5Bythemiddleofthe20thcentury,modernarchitecture,whichwasinfluencedbynewtechnologyandmassproduction,wasdealingwithincreasinglycomplexsocialneeds.Importantcharacteristicsofmodernarchitecturalworksareexpansesofglassandtheuseofreinforcedconcrete.Advancesinelevatortechnology,airconditioning,andelectriclightinghaveallhadimportanteffects.概括大意解題思路：概括大意的解題思路我們采取先翻譯選項(xiàng)或者劃出A-F六項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞的方法，然后在原文的中心句中找關(guān)鍵詞或者同義改寫確定答案，所以我們先劃A-F六項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞，A選項(xiàng)bulildingmaterialB選項(xiàng)varieties,modernlife，C選項(xiàng)restoration,D選項(xiàng)evolution，E選項(xiàng)affecting,modernarchitecture，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)socialart練習(xí)Paragraph2_____C________.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第二段的大意，我們需要先找到第二段的中心句，第二段的中心句是：Therenaissancebroughtaboutanentirelynewage,notonlyinphilosophyandliteraturebutinthevisualartsaswell.我們在第二段中心句中可以看到renaissance,這個(gè)詞是C選項(xiàng)restoration的同義改寫，所以第一題的答案選擇C。2.Paragraph3_____A_______.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第三段的大意,我們先要找到第三段的中心句，第三段的中心句是：Manykindsofstoneareusedasbuildingmaterials.我們在第三段中心句中可以看到builidingmaterial和A選項(xiàng)的信息詞一致，所以這道題目答案選擇A。3.Paragraph4_____B________.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第四段的大意，我們要先找到第四段的中心句，第四段的中心句是：我們在第四段中心句中可以看到modernlife和varieties，和B選項(xiàng)的信息詞一致，所以答案選擇B4.Paragraph5_____E________.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第五段的大意,我們要先找到第五段的中心句，第五段的中心句是：Thecomplexityofmodernlifecallsforavarietyofbuilding.我們在第五段中心句中可以看到modernachitechture，和E選項(xiàng)的信息詞一致，所以答案選擇EABuildingmaterialsBNeedofgreaterbuildingvarietiesinmodernlifeCRestorationofancientcivilizationsDEvolutioninstyleEfactorsaffectingmodernarchitectureFAsocialart完成句子解題思路：完成句子我們要首先看到是否有固定搭配如果沒法走固定搭配這條路，我們就采用相通相順的辦法，實(shí)在不行我們就使用查讀法。5.Somebuildingsaresowellconstructedthattheyarenotonlyuseful___B___.解題思路：這道題目中間我們看到有一個(gè)明顯的notonly,所以根據(jù)固定搭配notonly.....butalso，我們可以確定選項(xiàng)中一定有一個(gè)butalso，B選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了butalso，所以答案選B。6.AncientGreekandRomanarchitecturalstyles，whichwererestoredduringrenaissance,werestillinfluential__E___.解題思路：我們來看這個(gè)句子，這個(gè)句子是一個(gè)完整的句子，所以我們可以知道缺的成分一定是修飾整個(gè)句子，所以缺乏的成分是狀語。不過選項(xiàng)中每一個(gè)都可以做狀語，所以我們走第二步相通相順，句子說古希臘羅馬的建筑風(fēng)格從文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期就保留了下來，并還有影響。我們看選項(xiàng)，E選項(xiàng)為就算是在20世紀(jì)。所以我們補(bǔ)全句子之后就可以這樣理解：古希臘羅馬的建筑風(fēng)格從文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期就保留了下來，并且到了20世紀(jì)都還有影響。填入之后句子通順，所以這道題選E7.Asmodernlifebecomesmorecomplex,peoplehavetoputupmanydifferentkindsofbuildings___A__.解題思路：我們來看這個(gè)句子，這個(gè)句子是一個(gè)完整的句子，所以我們可以知道缺的成分一定是修飾整個(gè)句子，所以缺乏的成分是狀語。不過選項(xiàng)中每一個(gè)都可以做狀語，所以我們走第二步相通相順，句子說因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代生活方式越來越復(fù)雜，所以人們需要修建很多不同的建筑。A選項(xiàng)的意思為以滿足他們的需求。所以我們補(bǔ)全句子之后就可以這樣理解：因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代生活越來越復(fù)雜，所以人們需要修建很多不同的建筑以滿足他們的需求。填入之后句子通順，所以這道題選A。8.Theuseofnewbuildingmaterialsandtheintroductionofsuchnewtechnologyastheelevatorandtheair-conditionerhaveplayedanimportantrole__C___.解題思路：這道題目我們可以看到有一個(gè)明顯的playanimportantrole，根據(jù)固定搭配playanimportantrolein,我們可以確定該題目的選項(xiàng)有一個(gè)in，所以這道題目答案選擇CAtomeettheirneedsBbutalsobeautifultolookatCinthedevelopmentofmodernarchitectureDtodesignmorebuildingsEeveninthe20thcenturyFtooutlasttheiroriginaluse第二篇Earthquake1Everyyearearthquakesareresponsibleforalargenumberofdeathsandavestamountofdestructioninvariouspartsoftheworld.MostofthesedamagingearthquakesoccureitherinanarrowbeltwhichsurroundsthePacificOceanorinalinewhichextendsfromBurmatotheAlpsinEurope.Someofthedestructionisdirectlycausedbythequakeitself.Anexampleofthisisthecollapseofbuildingsasaresultofthequakeitself.Otherdamageresultsfromlandslidesormajorfireswhichareinitiatedbythequake.2Thereareaboutamillionquakesayear.Fortunately,however,notallofthemaredestructive.TheintensityofanearthquakeismeasuredontheRichterScale,whichgoesfrom0upward.Thehighestscalerecordedtodateis8.9.Majordamagegenerallyoccursfromquakesrangingupwardsfrom6.0.3Theactualcauseofthequakeitselfisthebreakingofrocksatorbelowtheearthssurface.Thisisproducedbypressurewhichscientistsbelievemaybeduetoanumberofreasons,twoofwhicharetheexpansionandcontractionoftheearthscrustandcontinentaldrift.4Inordertolimitthedamageandtopreventsomeofthesufferingresultingfromearthquakes,scientistsareworkingonwaystoenableaccurateprediction.Specialinstrumentsareusedtohelppeoplerecord,forexample，5Certainphenomenahavebeenobservedwhicharebelievedtobesignsofimminentearthquakes.Theseincludestrangebehaviorsofsomeanimals,thechangesinthecontentofmineralwater,etc.Themagneticpropertiesofrocksmayalsodisplayspecialpatternbeforemajorearthquakeshappen.概括大意解題思路：概括大意的解題思路我們采取先翻譯選項(xiàng)或者劃出A-F六項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞的方法，然后在原文的中心句中找關(guān)鍵詞或者同義改寫確定答案，所以我們先劃A-F六項(xiàng)的信息詞，A選項(xiàng)forecast,B選項(xiàng)historicalrecord,C選項(xiàng)intensities,D選項(xiàng)cause，E選項(xiàng)indicationsF選項(xiàng)damaging練習(xí)Paragraph2__C___.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第二段的大意，我們先找到第二段的中心句，第二段的中心句是：TheintensityofanearthquakeismeasuredontheRichterScale,whichgoesfrom0upward.我們在第二段的中心句中可以看到C選項(xiàng)的信息詞intensity，所以第二段的大意我們選擇C。Paragraph3__D___.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第三段的大意，我們先找到第三段的中心句，第三段的中心句是：Theactualcauseofthequakeitselfisthebreakingofrocksatorbelowtheearthssurface.我們在第三段的中心句中可以看到D選項(xiàng)的信息詞cause，所以第三段的大意我們選擇D。Paragraph4__A___.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第四段的大意，我們先找到第四段的中心句，第四段的中心句是：Inordertolimitthedamageandtopreventsomeofthesufferingresultingfromearthquakes,scientistsareworkingonwaystoenableaccurateprediction.我們在第四段的中心句中可以看到prediction，該詞為A選項(xiàng)的信息詞forcast的同義詞，所以第四段大意我們選擇A。Paragraph5__E___.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第五段的大意，我們先找到第五段的中心句，第五段的中心句是：Certainphenomenahavebeenobservedwhicharebelievedtobesignsofimminentearthquakes.我們在第五段的中心句中可以看到phenomena,這個(gè)詞是phenomenon的復(fù)數(shù)形式，是indication的近義詞，所以第五段大意我們選擇E。AEarthquake'sforecastBHistoricalrecordsofearthquakesCIntensitiesofearthquakesDCauseofearthquakesEIndicationsofearthquakesFDamagingearthquakes完成句子解題思路：完成句子我們要首先看到是否有固定搭配如果沒法走固定搭配這條路，我們就采用相通相順的辦法，實(shí)在不行我們就使用查讀法。Notalldamageduringanearthquakeiscaused__A__.解題思路：該題目末尾出現(xiàn)了caused，是動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式，我們看到被動(dòng)語態(tài)就應(yīng)該想到動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式+by+施動(dòng)者，比如praisedbyhim被他獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。所以我們就應(yīng)該在選項(xiàng)中找by,選項(xiàng)中只有A選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了by，所以這道題目答案選擇A。Notallearthquakesarestrongenough__C_.（enoughtodo）解題思路：該題目末尾出現(xiàn)了enough，根據(jù)固定搭配enoughtodo,我們要在選項(xiàng)中找to,選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了to，所以這道題目答案選擇C。Scientistshavebeenworkinghardtowarnpeople_D__.（warnpeopleof/against)解題思路：這道題目的題干中出現(xiàn)了warn，根據(jù)固定搭配warnpeopleof/against，我們要在選項(xiàng)中找of或者aginst，選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)有of，所以這道題目答案選擇D。Earthquakescanbepredictedbyobserving__E_.(缺賓語）解題思路：我們來看這個(gè)句子，這個(gè)句子我們之前學(xué)過句子成分，知道少了observing的受動(dòng)者，也就是句子的賓語。句子的賓語為名詞，選項(xiàng)中只有E和F是名詞。我們接下來走相通相順的方法，題干的意思是地震可以通過觀察...預(yù)測，E選項(xiàng)是某些動(dòng)物的反常舉動(dòng)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)是人類的強(qiáng)烈舉動(dòng)。所以句子的意思是地震可以通過觀察某些動(dòng)物的反常舉動(dòng)相對比較合乎邏輯，所以答案選擇E。AbythequakeitselfBnotbepreventedCtocausedamageofpropertyandlossoflivesDofapossibleearthquakeEtheunusualbehaviorsofsomeanimalsFthestrongbehaviorsofhumanbeings第三篇HeartbeatofAmerica1.NewYork－theStatueofLiberty,theskyscrapers,thebeautifulshopsonFifthAvenueandthemanytheatersonBroadway.ThisisAmerica'sculturalcapital.Itisalsoherbiggestcity,withapopulationofnearly8million.Inthesummeritishot,hot,hotandinthewinteritcanbeverycold.Stilltherearehundredsofthingstodoandseealltheyearround.2.Manhattanistherealcenterofthecity.Whenpeoplesay“NewYorkCity,”theyusuallymeanManhattan.Mostoftheinterestingshops,buildingsandmuseumsarehere.Inaddition,ManhattanisthesceneofNewYork'sbusynightlife.In1605thefirstEuropeanscametoManhattanfromHolland.TheyboughttheislandfromtheNativeAmericansforafewglassnecklacesworthabout$26today.3.WallstreetinManhattanisthefinancialheartoftheUSA.Itisalsothemostimportantbankingcenterintheworld.Itisastreetof“skyscrapers.”Thesearethoseincredible,highbuildings,whichAmericansinvented,andbuiltfasterandhigherthananyoneelse.PerhapsthetwomostspectacularskyscrapersinNewYorkarethetwotowersoftheNewYorkWorldTradeCenter.Whenthesunsets,their110floorsshinelikepuregold.4.Likeeverybigcity,NewYorkhasitsowntrafficsystem.Trafficjamscanbeterrible.It'susuallyquickesttogobysubway.TheNewYorksubwayiseasytouseandquitecheap.ThesubwaygoestoalmosteverycornerofManhattan.Butitisnotsafetotakethesubwaylateatnightbecauseinsomeplacesyoucouldgetrobbed.NewYorkbusesarealsoeasytouse.Youseemoreifyougobybus.Therearemorethan30,000taxisinNewYork.Theyareeasytosee,becausetheyarebrightyellowandcarrylargeTAXIsigns.Taxisdonotgooutsidethecity.However,theywillgototheairports.Inadditiontothetaxifare,peoplegivethetaxidriveratipof15percentofthefare'svalue.5.CentralParkisabeautifulgreenoasisinthemiddleofNewYork'sconcretedesert.Itissurprisinglybig,withlakesandwoods,aswellasorganizedrecreationareas.NewYorkersloveCentralPark,andtheyuseitallthetime.Inthewinter,theygoice-skating,andinthesummerroller-skating.Theyplayball,ridehorsesandhavepicnics.Theygobicyclingandboating.Thereisevenachildren'szoo,withwildbirdsandanimals.6.AlongtheeastsideofCentralParkrunsFifthAvenue,oncecalled“Millionaire'sRow.”Inthe19thcentury,therichestmeninAmericabuilttheirmagnificenthomeshere.Itisstillthemostfashionablestreetinthecity,withfamousdepartmentstores.7.BroadwayisthestreetwhereyouwillfindNewYork'sbest-knowntheaters.ButawayfromthebrightlightsandelegantclothesofBroadwayaremanysmallertheaters.Theirplaysarecalled“off-Broad-way”andareoftenmoreunusualthantheBroadwayshows.Aswellasmanytheaters,NewYorkhasafamousoperahouse.ThisistheMetropolitan,whereinternationalstarssingfromSeptemberuntilApril.CarnegieHallisthecity'smorepopularconcerthall.ButnightlifeinNewYorkoffersmorethanclassicalmusicandtheater.Therearehundredsofnightclubswherepeoplegotoeatanddance.概括大意解題思路：概括大意的解題思路我們采取先翻譯選項(xiàng)或者劃出A-F六項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞的方法，然后在原文的中心句中找關(guān)鍵詞或者同義改寫確定答案，所以我們先劃A-F六項(xiàng)的信息詞，A選項(xiàng)的信息詞:financialcenter,B選項(xiàng)的信息詞：nightlife,C選項(xiàng)的信息詞：trafficfacilities，D選項(xiàng)信息詞：shoppingcenterfortherich，E選項(xiàng)的信息詞：internationalcity，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)的信息詞：centralpark，placeofrecreation。練習(xí)Paragraph3_____A_______.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第三段的大意，我們首先要找到第三段的中心句，第三段的中心句是：WallstreetinManhattanisthefinancialheartoftheUSA.這個(gè)句子里heart是center的同義詞，所以我們可以確定該中心句出現(xiàn)了A選項(xiàng)的信息詞financialcenter，所以這道題答案選擇A。Paragraph4_____C_______.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第四段的大意，我們首先要找到第四段的中心句，第四段的中心句是：Likeeverybigcity,NewYorkhasitsowntrafficsystem.我們可以看到第四段的中心句中出現(xiàn)了C選項(xiàng)的信息詞traffic所以這道題目答案選擇C。Paragraph5_____F_______.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第五段的大意，我們首先要找到第五段的中心句，第五段的中心句是：CentralParkisabeautifulgreenoasisinthemiddleofNewYork'sconcretedesert.我們可以看到第五段的中心句中出現(xiàn)了F選項(xiàng)的信息詞centralpark，所以這道題選擇F。Paragraph6_____D_______.解題思路：這道題讓我們概括第六段的大意。我們首先找到第六段的中心句，第六段的中心句是：AlongtheeastsideofCentralParkrunsFifthAvenue,oncecalled“Millionaire'sRow.”Millionaire'srow的意思是百萬富翁的天堂的意思，和選項(xiàng)D的富人的購物中心意思是一致的，所以這道題答案選擇D。A.TheFinancialCenterofUSAB.TheNightLifeinNewYorkC.TheTrafficFacilitiesofNewYorkD.ShoppingCenterfortheRichE.NewYork—