人教英語(yǔ)必修三教參4-5

OpeningPage—把握單元目標(biāo)·理解主題內(nèi)涵一、單元目標(biāo)圖解二、單元任務(wù)分解一、讀教材圖文，理解主題內(nèi)涵(一)名言警句解讀Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisthebasisofman'sdesiretounderstand.—NeilArmstrong本單元開(kāi)篇頁(yè)選取了第一位登上月球的美國(guó)宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗的名言：“神秘感激發(fā)好奇心，而好奇心則是人們探索未知事物的前提。”人類太空探索的原始動(dòng)機(jī)主要源于與生俱來(lái)的好奇心，而這種好奇心和求知欲也是推動(dòng)人類發(fā)展的巨大動(dòng)力。實(shí)際上，太空技術(shù)已經(jīng)改變了人類的歷史，也正在改變?nèi)祟惖纳?。[英英釋義]Themysteryofthingsstimulatespeople'scuriosity,whichisthepremiseforpeopletoexploreunknownthings.(二)主題圖片深讀1．WhatcanyouseefromthepictureonPage37?The_picture_looks_like_a_photo_of_a_rover_on_the_moon._Perhaps_it_was_taken_by_a_robot_camera.2．Whatdoesthispictureshowus?China's_Chang'e_4_made_a_soft_landing_on_the_far_side_of_the_moon_on_3_January,_2019.The_Jade_Rabbit_2_rover_was_deployed_twelve_hours_after_Chang'e_4_landed.3.Whatdoyouknowaboutthehistoryanddevelopmentofspaceexploration?Space_exploration_began_in_the_mid-1950s_with_the_development_of_satellites,_and_people_first_started_going_to_space_in_the_early_1960s.二、讀相關(guān)美文，激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣ItisinterestinghowNASAchosetheirastronautsforlandingonthemoon.Theychosemenbetweentheageoftwentyandthirty-five.Therewereaboutfiftyofthem.Manywereexperienced①airpilots.Otherswerescientistswithtwoorthreedegrees.NASAtelephonedeachmantheyweregoingtochooseandtoldhimthedangershemightgetin.Theythenaskedhimifhewaswillingto②betrained③asanastronaut.“Howcouldanymanrefusesuchanexcitingjob？”Thehealthandphysicalconditionsofpilotswere,ofcourse,verynecessary.Onlythoseinverygoodhealth④andphysicalconditionswerechosen.Whilebeingtrainedtobeastronauts,theywentthrough⑤manycourses.Theystudiedthestarandthemoon,andtheyalsostudiedgeology⑥，thescienceofrocks.Theywerealltrainedtoflyinhelicopters.Thesehelicopterslandeddirectly⑦downtogivethemsomeexperienceofthewaythespaceshipwouldreallylandonthemoon.Theywerealsotaughttheunknownfactsabouttheconditionsinspace.Theyvisitedthescientistsandengineerswhodesignedthespaceshipsandrockets.Theyvisitedthefactorieswherethespaceshipsandrocketswerebuilt.Theylearnthoweverypartofaspaceshipanditsinstrumentswork.Theyalsolearnteverydetailoftheground-controlsystem.Inaword⑧，tobechosenasanastronaut,onemustbeingoodhealth,well-informedinscienceandgoodatpiloting.(一)據(jù)文回答問(wèn)題1．Whatisthemostimportantthinginchoosingastronauts?Their_health_and_physical_conditions.2．Whatisthepurposeofhelicoptertrainingforastronauts?To_give_them_some_experience_of_the_way_the_spaceship_would_really_land_on_the_moon.(二)積累提升素養(yǎng)積詞匯①experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的②bewillingto樂(lè)意，愿意③trainvt.訓(xùn)練④inverygoodhealth非常健康⑤gothrough參加，通過(guò)⑥geologyn.地質(zhì)學(xué)；地質(zhì)情況⑦directlyadv.直接地⑧inaword總之析難句N(xiāo)ASAtelephonedeachmantheyweregoingtochooseandtoldhimthedangershemightgetin.分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。theyweregoingtochoose是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾eachman；hemightgetin是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thedangers。譯文：NASA給他們要選的每個(gè)人都打了，并且告訴他可能會(huì)遇到的危險(xiǎn)。Listening,SpeakingandTalking—強(qiáng)化聽(tīng)說(shuō)技能·注重交際運(yùn)用每日一語(yǔ)——背主題金句，寫(xiě)高分文章Itwillneverrainroses.Whenwewanttohavemoreroses,wemustplantmoretrees.—GeorgeEliot天空可不會(huì)下玫瑰雨。想要更多的玫瑰花，我們就得栽下更多的樹(shù)。——喬治·艾略特1．(教材P39)Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.首先，你必須足夠聰明來(lái)獲得相關(guān)的大學(xué)學(xué)位?！飅ntelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的[思考感知]①Whenrobotsbeeextremelyintelligentoneday,whatwillhappentoourearth?當(dāng)機(jī)器人有一天變得非常聰明，我們的地球會(huì)發(fā)生什么？[點(diǎn)撥歸納](1)intelligentsoftware/system 智能軟件/系統(tǒng)(2)intelligencen. 智力；理解力；智慧apersonofhigh/lowintelligence 智力高/低的人artificialintelligence 人工智能[應(yīng)用融會(huì)](完成句子)②Thetwinsarebornwithequalintelligence.這對(duì)雙胞胎生來(lái)就有同等的智力。③Theboyisso_intelligent_thathecansolvethemathematicalproblem.這個(gè)男孩如此聰明，以至于他能解出這道數(shù)學(xué)題。④Susanisawomanof_high_intelligence,_whoknowsherownmind.蘇珊是一個(gè)非常聰明的女人，她有自己的想法。2．(教材P43)I'mverykeentoknow...我很想知道……★keenadj.熱衷的；渴望的；鋒利的；敏銳的[以文化人]①Hemaintainedakeeninterestintheprogressofthework.他一直對(duì)工作的進(jìn)展保持著強(qiáng)烈的興趣。[點(diǎn)撥歸納]bekeentodosth. 渴望做某事keenabout(doing)sth. 愛(ài)好(做)某事bekeenthat... 渴望……bekeenonsb./sth. 喜歡某人/某物[應(yīng)用融會(huì)](單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)②Sheisreallykeenaboutthetrip.她真的愛(ài)好旅行。③He'skeento_pass_(pass)theexamination.他渴望通過(guò)這次考試。④The_parents_were_keen_thattheirdaughtercouldbeeamusician.父母渴望他們的女兒能成為音樂(lè)家。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“渴望……”的短語(yǔ)集合①beeagerforsth./todosth.②bethirstyfor...③long/hope/wishfor...主題語(yǔ)境(一)TalkabouthowtobeeanastronautⅠ.看圖表達(dá)Whatqualitiesshouldanastronauthave?To_be_an_astronaut,_you_must_have_a_strong_body,_a_good_level_of_education,_a_strong_sense_of_faith,_and_the_ability_to_analyze_and_solve_problems_intelligently.Ⅱ.主題聽(tīng)力1．根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容判斷下列陳述是否正確，正確的在括號(hào)內(nèi)填T，不正確的在括號(hào)內(nèi)填F。①M(fèi)olly'sfatherwasanastronaut.(F)②Molly'sfatheroftenwentabroadbyair.(F)③Mollydidwellatschoolandwenttouniversity.(T)④Mollyworkedinsalestosaveenoughmoneytogototrainingschool.(T)2．聽(tīng)錄音，補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(播放第二遍錄音)。M：Intoday'sinterview,I'mtalkingtoMolly,anastronaut.Molly,whendidyouwanttobeanastronaut?W：Myfatherworkedinairtrafficcontrol,so①planeswerealwaysatopicofconversationinourhouse.Atfirst，Iwantedtodohisjobandthentherewereafewholidaysabroadbyair.Gradually,Iwaskeentoknowabout②space.That'swhenIdevelopedaninterestinbeingan③astronaut.M：Sohowdidyougetstarted?W：Itwasn'teasy.Ididwellatschoolandwenttouniversity.Actually,④a_degreeisn'tenoughforanastronaut,butIwantedtohavemoreadvantagesoverothers.ThenIspentafewyearsworkingin⑤sales.Itwasboring,butIneededtosaveenoughmoneytogotoatrainingschooltomastermoreknowledgeaboutspace.M：Andthensixmonthsagoyoubecameanastronaut?W：Yes.Iwanttomakemycontributionto⑥the_space_industry.聽(tīng)力材料：M：Intoday'sinterview,I'mtalkingtoMolly，anastronaut.Molly,whendidyouwanttobeanastronaut?W:Myfatherworkedinairtrafficcontrol,soplaneswerealwaysatopicofconversationinourhouse.Atfirst，Iwantedtodohisjobandthentherewereafewholidaysabroadbyair.Gradually,Iwaskeentoknowaboutspace.That'swhenIdevelopedaninterestinbeinganastronaut.M:Sohowdidyougetstarted?W：Itwasn'teasy.Ididwellatschoolandwenttouniversity.Actually,adegreeisn'tenoughforanastronaut,butIwantedtohavemoreadvantagesoverothers.ThenIspentafewyearsworkinginsales.Itwasboring,butIneededtosaveenoughmoneytogotoatrainingschooltomastermoreknowledgeaboutspace.M:Andthensixmonthsagoyoubecameanastronaut?W:Yes.Iwanttomakemycontributiontothespaceindustry.Ⅲ.根據(jù)情景補(bǔ)全對(duì)話背景：格林先生正與朋友談?wù)撊ヌ诊w行的事情……W：__1__M：Yes,Iwonderifyoucouldbringmeanotherbottleofbeer.W：Certainly.Wouldyoulikeanythingelse？__2__M：Oh,no.I'mlookingforwardtoit.W：__3__It'sbeautiful.Isthisyourfirsttimeintospace?M：No,thisisthesecondtimeforme.W：Thingsarequitedifferentinspacenowadays.M：I'msuretheyare.___4__W：Well,willyoubestayinglong?M：10days.We'regoingtodoaveryinterestingexperimentinspace,andwe'regoingtodoalivelectureinspace.__5__W：Ithinkyou'llhaveagoodtime.Goodlucktoyou.A．I'mreallyinterestedtogethere.B．Ithinkyou'llhaveawonderfultimeinspace.C．Andwe'regoingtotakepicturesoftheearth.D．MrGreen,youthreeastronautswillflyintospaceinamonth.E．Areyounervousaboutthisflight?答案：1～5DEBAC主題語(yǔ)境(二)TalkaboutlifeinspaceⅠ.情景交際訓(xùn)練根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從對(duì)話后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。M：I'mreadinganinterestingreportonMars.W：Oh,whatdoesitsay?__1__？M：Absolutely！ItsaysthereiswateronMarsburiedbeneaththesurface.It'sjustamatterofhowdeepitis.W：ThencouldthesoilonMarsbefertileenoughtogrowsimpleplants?M：Thesoilwouldneedquiteabitoffertilizertogrowanything.__2__.W：Actually,wearedoingaprojectinschoolthatinvolveslandingshipandstayingonMarsforanextendedperiodoftime.__3__？M：I'mnotsurewhetherNASAhasbuiltanyportablehabitatsforextendedstaysonMars,buttheyhavelookedatvariousdesigns.W：OneofthemostexcitingthingsaboutMarsisthattherecouldhavebeenlifeonit.__4__？M：Well，I'mnotreallyanexpertinthisarea,butmyunderstandingisthatanythingispossible.W：Thankyouforsharingmewithyouropinions.M：Notatall.A．AnditwouldneedtobeprotectedfromtheUVradiationB．WhatareyourpersonalopinionsonthelifeonMarsC．DoesitsaywatercouldstillexistunderthesurfaceofMarsD．SomeonetoldmethatyouoncelivedthereE．I'mgoingtospendthenextyearstudyinginLondonF．DoesNASAhaveanytypeofportablehabitatsthatcouldbeusedtostayontheplanet答案：1～4CAFBⅡ.主題聽(tīng)力聽(tīng)下面的一段獨(dú)白，回答下列問(wèn)題。I'manastronaut.Iflewonthespaceshuttletwice，andIhavelivedontheInternationalSpaceStationforalmostsixmonths.DmitryandPaoloandIarecirclingtheEarthinourtinyspacecraft，approachingthespacestationcarefully.It'saspeedof7，500milesanhourbetweenourcapsule.Twohourslaterwearrive.Weopenthehatches，andhugwitheachother.We'reaspacefamily，aninstantfamily.Myfavoritepartaboutlivinguptherewastheflying.Ilovedit.Justthetouchofafingercanactuallypushyouacrosstheentirespacestation.,Oneofmyfavoritethingswasdriftingsilentlythroughthespacestation.IwonderedsometimesifitknewIwasthere.Butsharingthewonderofthatwiththecrewwasalsopartofwhatwasimportanttome.Atypicaldayinspacestarts.Iwakeup，godownthelabandsayhellotothebestmorningviewever.Wenevergettiredoflookingoutthatwindow.1．Whatisourfamilylike?A．Abigfamily.B．Aninstantfamily.C．Arealfamily.2．Whatcanactuallypushyouacrosstheentirespacestation?A．Justthetouchofahead.B．Justthetouchofatoe.C．Justthetouchofafinger.3．Whatisoneofmyfavoritethings?A．Driftingsilentlythroughthespacestation.B．Takingphotosoftheearth.C．Stayinginthelab.答案：1～3BCAⅢ.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話M：Anna,itseemsyouflyonbusinesstrips.Don'tyouevergetbored?W：Actuallynot.Imean,Idon'talwaysliketheairportcheckinprocess.Ittakesalotoftime.__1__ButassoonasI'mintheplaneandthedoorsclose,Iloveit.Noonecancontactme.Therearefreemoviesplayingandthefood.__2__M：Sowhatdoyoutrytodotoavoidbeingboredwhenyou'rewaitingforaplane?W：__3__AfterIcheckin,Inormallygototheduty-freestoreandbuysomeperfume.ThenI'llgotothebusinesswaitingroom,wherethere'refreedrinksandfood.M：__4__W：NormallyIbuystampsformyfatherwhoisastampcollectorandclothesformyfashionablemother.__5__A．Well,thefirstthingIdoisnotgettotheairporttooearly.B．It'sagoodwaytomakemerelax.C．Ialwaysgetsomesouvenirsandlocalfoodformycolleagues.D．Doyoueverbuysomethingforyourfamilyorcolleagues?E．Ialsohatewaitingfortheplane.答案：1～5EBADC[系列微技法]復(fù)習(xí)句子重音和節(jié)奏一、句子重音英語(yǔ)重音分為詞重音和語(yǔ)句重音，兩者是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)節(jié)奏的基礎(chǔ)。本單元主要復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)句重音。一般來(lái)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)句子中需要重讀的詞有名詞(包括專有名詞)、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、大多數(shù)副詞、數(shù)詞、雙音節(jié)介詞、特殊疑問(wèn)詞、指示代詞等；不需要重讀的詞主要有冠詞、代詞、be動(dòng)詞、單音節(jié)介詞、連詞、助詞、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞等。有時(shí)，為了表達(dá)特定的意義，一些通常無(wú)須重讀的詞也會(huì)出現(xiàn)重讀。如：1.Heisa'teacher.他是一名教師。2.'Charleswasherelast'Sunday.查爾斯上星期天在這兒。3.The'postofficeis'openat'eight.郵局八點(diǎn)開(kāi)門(mén)。4.He'gaveMr'Fisheran'old'lockin'steadofa'newone.他給了費(fèi)希爾先生一把舊鎖，而不是新的。5.He'cooked'two'eggs.他煮了兩個(gè)雞蛋。6.'Takethe'first'turningonthe'right.在第一個(gè)路口右轉(zhuǎn)彎。7.'Thisisa'very'good'ship.這是一艘很好的船。8.'Whatdidhe'say?他說(shuō)了什么？9.'What'timeshallI'e?我應(yīng)當(dāng)什么時(shí)間來(lái)？10.'WhencanI'phoneyou?我什么時(shí)候可以給你打？11.'Hurry'up!快點(diǎn)！12.I'always'cleanmy'teethinthemorning.我總是早晨刷牙。二、節(jié)奏英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)流中聲音的輕重、緩急、長(zhǎng)短按一定的規(guī)律自然結(jié)合，形成英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的節(jié)奏。在朗讀或說(shuō)話時(shí)重讀音節(jié)要念得重些、長(zhǎng)些、慢些；非重讀音節(jié)則要念得輕些、短些、快些。英語(yǔ)的節(jié)奏特點(diǎn)是以重音計(jì)時(shí)，即重讀音節(jié)與非重讀音節(jié)有規(guī)律地交替出現(xiàn)。不論重讀音節(jié)之間有無(wú)非重讀音節(jié)或有多少非重讀音節(jié)，重讀音節(jié)之間的時(shí)距大體上相等。如：'Bothofthem'stayedat'home.本句話共有6個(gè)音節(jié)，其中Both/stayed/home是重讀音節(jié)，在朗讀或說(shuō)話時(shí)，這三個(gè)音節(jié)應(yīng)念得重些、長(zhǎng)些、慢些；of/them/at是非重讀音節(jié)，在朗讀或說(shuō)話時(shí)應(yīng)念得輕些、短些、快些。這種自然形成的輕重、快慢、長(zhǎng)短的交替就構(gòu)成了英語(yǔ)里的基本節(jié)奏。[專項(xiàng)微訓(xùn)練]一、畫(huà)出下列句中重讀的單詞1．Givehimsomemore.2．I'msorryI'mlateagain.3．Shehasgoneforawalkinthepark.4．Theofficeisopeneveryotherday.5．Theothersmustwaitintheclassroomforawhile.6．Turnonthelight.7．Theywalkedinthedark.8．Shewantsapoundofsugar.9．Helefthisworkwithoutaword.10．Handmeyourpassports.答案：1.Give,more2.sorry,late3.gone,walk,park4.office,open,other，day5.others,wait,classroom,while6.Turn,light7.walked,dark8.wants,pound,sugar9.left,work,without,word10.Hand,passports二、請(qǐng)朗讀下面一首詩(shī)歌，體會(huì)句子的重音和節(jié)奏I'vesavedthesummerI'vesavedthesummerAndIgiveitalltoyouToholdonwintermorningsWhenthesnowisnew.I'vesavedsomesunlightIfyoushouldeverneedAplaceawayfromdarknessWhereyourmindcanfeed.AndformyselfI'vekeptyoursmileWhenyouwerebutnineteen，Tillyou'reolderyou'llnotknowWhatbraveyoungsmilescanmean.IknownoanswersTohelpyouonyourwayTheanswersliesomewhereAtthebottomoftheday.Butifyou'veaneedforloveI'llgiveyouallIownItmighthelpyoudowntheroadTillyou'vefoundyourown.(byRodMcKuen)eq\a\vs4\al([課時(shí)跟蹤檢測(cè)])[語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．SuchisLiuYang,thefirstChinesewomanastronaut(宇航員)．2．Michaeldidnotfollowthecorrectprocedure(程序)inapplyingforavisa.3．Thebottlewasmeasuredtothenearesthalfcentimeter(厘米)．4．Hewenttotheshopandboughtabarofsoap(肥皂)today.5．Passmethetowel_(毛巾)andI'lldryitup.6．Theteachershowedthestudentsthepicturesofbraintissues(組織)．7．Whenyoucook,addwaterormilkandheatin_microwave(微波爐).8．Thebookdescribespletelythefacility_(設(shè)備)anditssafetybasis.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Wemustequipthechildren_mentally(mental)andphysicallytomeetthetrialstheywillface.2．Myson_was_selected(select)topeteintheLondonmarathon.3．Asisknowntoall,goodeyesightisarequirement(require)forairplanepilots.4．Weshouldoweoursuccesstohardworkratherthanintelligence(intelligent)．5．She'skeento_get(get)inonanydiscussionsaboutthenewproject.6．Mostpeopleplainabouthotnessinsummer,thefatparticularly(particular)．7．Wouldyoumindmeopening(open)thewindowtoletinsomefreshair?8.Idolookforwardtoreceiving(receive)yourreplyletterassoonaspossible.Ⅲ.選詞填空eq\x(firstofall，graduatefrom，becuriousabout，inspace，carryout，berelatedto，fillin)1．Bornin1930,YuanLongpinggraduated_from_SouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.2．YangwasthefirstChinesetotravelin_space.3．Thelittleboy_is_curious_about_everythinghemeetswith.4．First_of_all,_eandlookintheLostandFoundbox!5．To_carry_outtheexperiment,youneedthefollowingthings.6．Ifyouwanttoapplyformembership,youarerequiredto_fill_intheapplicationformandsendanemailtopingpong@123.7．Itisthoughtthatmentalhealthis_related_tophysicalhealth.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Not_only_I_but_also_my_parentsarefondoftravelingaround.不僅我而且我父母也喜歡到處旅游。2．Wedon'tknowwhether_he_didn't_ebyaccidentorbydesign.我們不知道他沒(méi)來(lái)是偶然的還是故意的。3．Healwaysreliesonhisteacherforadviceabouthow_to_learn_English.在如何學(xué)英語(yǔ)方面他總是依靠老師的指點(diǎn)。4．Onarriving,thetouristscouldn't_wait_to_takepictures.一到達(dá)，游客們便迫不及待地拍照。[聽(tīng)說(shuō)強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)下面一段材料，回答第1至3題。1．Howdoesthewomanfeel?A．Angry.B．Puzzled.C．Worried.2．WhatkindofprogramdoesAnnwanttowatch?A．Afashionshow.B．Programsonspaceexploration.C．Abasketballmatch.3．Whatdoesthewomansuggesttotheman?A．MakingfriendswithCharlie.B．Takingcareofthebabywithhiswife.C．Watchingprogramsonspaceexplorationatherhome.答案：1～3AAC聽(tīng)力材料：M：Whomadeyousomad?W：IjusthadaquarrelwithCharlie.M：WasitbecauseoftheTVprogramsonspaceexploration?W：Howdoyouknow?M：Well,Icameoutforthesamereason.IwantedtowatchspaceexplorationwhileAnnwantedtowatchafashionshow.W：Annislucky.Atleastshecanwatchthefashionshow.Charlienevergivesin.M：WhatelsecanIdothen?Annishavingababynow.Ican'tmakeherangry.ButIdowanttowatchprogramsonspaceexploration.W：Ihaveagoodidea.Whydon'tyougotomyhomeandwatchprogramsonspaceexplorationwithCharlie?IcanwatchthefashionshowwithAnn.M：That'sgreat!Ⅱ.聽(tīng)寫(xiě)訓(xùn)練(聽(tīng)原文，補(bǔ)寫(xiě)詞匯)Fortheastronauts,eatinganddrinkingwaterbecameverystrange.Spacefoodcarriedbyastronautsshouldbeas①_light_and_smallaspossible.Howastronautseatduringspaceflightisabigtestforthem.Underweightlessconditions,②a_cup_full_of_watercanbeplacedupsidedown.Thewaterinthecupwillnotfloatorfalloutautomatically.Ifitisplaced③on_the_table,_thecupwillrisewiththewater.So,forastronautsonthegroundintheoriginalhabitofeating,④drinking_water_into_spaceisnoteasy.⑤All_kinds_of_food,_parts,appliancesandsoonarefixed.Aftertakingfoodout,theastronautscutasmallholeinthebag,⑥put_a_fork_and_chopsticksintotheirpocketsandputthemintotheirmouths.Iftheastronautswanttodrinkwater,theycaneat⑦soup,_juice_and_jambysqueezingitintotheirmouths.Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話eq\x(背景：兩個(gè)人在談?wù)撚詈絾T的生活)M：Hey,Mary.We'regoingtomeetarealastronaut.Isn'titexciting?W：Yeah.Ican'twaittoseeCaptainBrown!__1___Ihaveplentyofquestionstoaskhim.M：Suchas?W：Oh,suchas“Whatfacilitiesdotheyhaveinspacetosupporttheirdailylife？”M：Thatsoundslikeagoodquestion.__2__Whatdotheydosoasnottofloataroundwhiletheysleep?W：Iwonderhowtheygetexerciseinspace—it'snotliketheycangooutjogging.M：__3__Butthen,aftertheyexercise,I'mverykeentofindouthowtheywashtheirclothes.W：Nevermindthat.I'dreallyliketofindouthowwomenastronautswashtheirhair.M：__4__W：Andwhat'sthat?M：Well,I'dreallyliketofindoutwhattheywilldowhentheymeetaliens.A．ButI'dalsoliketoknowabouthowastronautssleep.B．I'dneverthoughtofthat.C．I'mreallycuriousabouthislifeinspace.D．Butwe'reforgettingthemostimportantquestionofall,aren'twe?答案：1～4CABD[主題閱讀訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.閱讀理解JeffBezos,theworld'swealthiestperson,wasjustfivewhenAmericanastronautssteppedonthesurfaceofthemoononJuly20,1969.However,he'sneverforgottentheblack-and-whitefootagefromthehistoricmoment.Sincethen,themoonhasalwaysbeenthecenterofhisspacedreamswhicharechanneledthroughhisspaceflightpany,BlueOrigin.OnMay9,2019,atameetingheldinWashington,DC,Bezoscameonestepclosertoachievinghisdreamofsendingpeoplethere,whenhepresentedamodelofalander,BlueMoon,designedtocarrybothhumansandgoodstothesatellite.ThoughdetailsofhowBlueMoonwillbesenttospaceremainunclear,Bezosisconfidentit'llbereadyforitsmission(使命)by2024.Heconsidersitunavoidabletosettleinspacegivenourever-increasingpopulationandfewerresources.Unlikethoseseekingahomeonanotherplanet,Bezosthinkshumanswillbelivinginorbitalspacesettlements,whicharesimilartotheInternationalSpaceStation,exceptmuchbigger,eachhousingmillionsofpeople.Spacetaxiswouldmakeiteasyforhumanstotravelbetweensettlements.ButfirstweneedtodevelopacheaperwaytotravelbetweenspaceandEarth.Bezosmayhavesolvedtheproblempartlybyremovingthebiggestcostofspaceflights—singleuserockets—withBlueOrigin'sreusableNewShepardrocket,whichhasmadeseveraltripstospaceandbacksince2015.Toencouragefuturespacedreamers,thepany'srecentlybuiltafreeonlineclubthatwillkeepmembersinformedofitsprogressandchallengethemtofindsolutionstohelphumansandsaveearth.Itinvitesstudentsofallagestodraworwritehowtheyimaginehumanslivingandworkinginspaceonaself-addressed,stampedpostcardandsendittothe“ClubfortheFuture”byJuly20.Thefirst10,000postcardswillbesenttospaceaboardtheNewShepardrocketlaterthisyear.WhenitreturnstoEarth,thepostcards,stamped“flowntospace”，willbereturnedtotheirowners.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了世界上最富有的人杰夫·貝佐斯送人去太空的夢(mèng)想。他希望能開(kāi)發(fā)一種便宜的方式在太空和地球之間旅行并鼓勵(lì)未來(lái)太空夢(mèng)想家?guī)椭祟惡驼鹊厍颉?．WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytalkabout?A．Animpressivehistoricmoment.B．ThebeginningofBezos'spacedream.C．Theexcitingnewsofsendingmantospace.D．Bezos'secretofbeingthewealthiestperson.解析：選B段落大意題。第一段主要講杰夫·貝佐斯自從觀看了1969年7月20日美國(guó)宇航員登上月球表面的黑白錄像起，月球就成為了他太空夢(mèng)想的中心，這也是他太空夢(mèng)想的開(kāi)始。2．WhatwillbeorbitalspacesettlementslikeinBezos'eyes?A．Overpopulated. B．Solar-powered.C．Energy-hungry. D．Convenientlyaccessible.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Bezosthinkshumanswillbelivinginorbitalspacesettlements,whicharesimilartotheInternationalSpaceStation,exceptmuchbigger,eachhousingmillionsofpeople.Spacetaxiswouldmakeiteasyforhumanstotravelbetweensettlements.”可知，貝佐斯認(rèn)為生活在軌道空間定居點(diǎn)很方便。3．What'sthepurposeofthefreeonlineclub?A．Tohelphumansandsaveearth.B．Tochallengestudentsofallages.C．Tobuildanewwayofsendingpostcards.D．Toencouragefuturespacedreamers.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toencouragefuturespacedreamers,thepany'srecentlybuiltafreeonlineclubthatwillkeepmembersinformedofitsprogressandchallengethemtofindsolutionstohelphumansandsaveearth.”可知，免費(fèi)網(wǎng)上俱樂(lè)部的目的就是為了鼓勵(lì)未來(lái)的太空夢(mèng)想家。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五LifeonMars:Isitreallypossible?NowthatcuriosityisbeamingbackEarth-likepicturesofMartianlandscapes,theoldquestionraisesitshead:couldmanandwomanevergothere?Theansweris,verydefinitelyyes.Thereareanumberofpracticalchallengestooverefirst,however.TherearedifferencesbetweenEarthandMars,butalsoanumberofsimilarities.__1__PhobosandDeimosUnlikeEarth,Marsdoesnothaveapolarmagneticfield.ScientistsbelievethatthetwoMartianmoons,PhobosandDeimos,arecapturedlittleplanets.__2____3__FortheannualIGEMofInternationalGeneticallyEngineeredMachinespetition,studentsaroundtheworldattempttomakelivingcellsperformnewtasks.InpreparationforthehumancolonisationofMars,seedsandorganicmatterwouldhavetobetransportedfromEarthtobegingrowingplantsandestablishingafoodsupply.Super-sizedBeesPlantsneedpollinatorsaswellaswater,andthebestpollinatoronEarthisthehumblebee—andentirehiveswouldbetransportedtoMars.__4__However,withoutnaturalpredators,theycouldgrowverylarge,indeed.OveringChallenges—OpeningPossibilitiesTherewillbeotherchallengestoovere,forexample,theeffectonthehumanbodyoflivinginafieldoflowergravity.__5__Rightnow,weoughttowelethechallenges.Themorechallengesweoverenow,themorepreparedwewillbeformovingoutofoursolarsystemandintothegrand,universaladventurethatisaheadofus.A．IGEMB．Thenextquestionis:couldmancolonizeMars?C．Oncethere,theinsectswouldbeletlooseamongtheplants.D．However,allkindsofother,interestingthingswillbehappening.E．ButthesearealreadyissuesforastronautslivingontheInternationalSpaceStation.F．TheydonothavethestabilisingeffectonthespinoftheplanetlikethemoonhasuponEarth.G．MarshasEarth-likeseasonsandtheplanetsurfaceisabundantinmineralsessentialforplantgrowth.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，通過(guò)對(duì)比介紹火星與地球上生物及環(huán)境的異同，論證了將來(lái)人類登上火星生活的可能性。1．選G上句中介紹地球與火星有不同但也有相似之處，下面應(yīng)具體舉例。G項(xiàng)表達(dá)了火星擁有與地球相似的季節(jié)和植物生長(zhǎng)所必需的礦物質(zhì)，因此答案為G。2．選F上文中提到科學(xué)家認(rèn)為Phobos和Deimos是火星的月亮，但其實(shí)是兩顆小行星，因此它們對(duì)火星的旋轉(zhuǎn)沒(méi)有月亮對(duì)地球一樣的平衡作用。因此答案為F。3．選A第三段主要介紹了為了向火星上運(yùn)輸種子和有機(jī)物質(zhì)，每年各地的學(xué)生都會(huì)參加IGEM比賽，由此可知本段的小標(biāo)題應(yīng)為A項(xiàng)。4．選C因?yàn)樯衔闹刑岬綖榱税褌鞣壅呙鄯溥\(yùn)到火星上，要把完整的蜂巢運(yùn)過(guò)去，下面應(yīng)介紹到達(dá)火星以后怎么做，因此答案為C。5．選E上面一句提到到火星后將面對(duì)重力較小的問(wèn)題，這正好是國(guó)際空間站的宇航員們遇到過(guò)的問(wèn)題，因此答案為E。ReadingandThinking—提升閱讀能力·發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)每日一語(yǔ)——背主題金句，寫(xiě)高分文章Acceptthethingsyoucannotchange.Havethecouragetochangethethingsyoucan.Nomatterwhatlabelisthrownyourway,onlyyoucandefineyourself.不能改變的事，要學(xué)會(huì)接受；能夠改變的事，就要勇于行動(dòng)。不管你被貼上什么標(biāo)簽，只有你才能定義你自己。[初讀課文·形成整體認(rèn)知]一、寫(xiě)了什么——明主旨大意What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Thefutureofspaceexploration.B．Thedisastersofspaceexploration.C．Thedevelopmentofman'sexplorationofspace.D．China'srapiddevelopmentinspace.答案：C二、怎樣寫(xiě)的——知層次結(jié)構(gòu)TimeNationEvent4October19571.the_USSR_TheSputnik1satellitewaslaunched.12April1961theUSSRYuriGagarinbecamethe2.firstpersonintheworldtogointospace.20July1969AmericaNeilArmstrongsteppedontothe3.moon.5September1977AmericaAmerica'sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1tostudy4.deep_space.2003ChinaChinabecamethe5.third_countrytosendhumansintospace.三、有何深意——悉選文意圖本文圍繞“了解太空探索的發(fā)展歷程”(Learnaboutthedevelopmentofspaceexploration)展開(kāi)，讓學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀了解人類太空探索的發(fā)展歷程及重大歷史事件，一方面幫助學(xué)生了解人類為探索浩瀚的宇宙所付出的努力(包括宇航員在探索過(guò)程中所付出的生命代價(jià)，另一方面幫助學(xué)生了解我國(guó)在太空探索領(lǐng)域所取得的輝煌成就以及對(duì)人類太空探索事業(yè)所做的貢獻(xiàn)，從而使學(xué)生堅(jiān)定文化自信，增強(qiáng)愛(ài)國(guó)情懷和民族自豪感。[精讀課文·疏通理解障礙]SPACE：THEFINALFRONTIER①“Arewealone?What'soutthere？”?Lookingupat②thestars,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehicles③tocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindout④thesecretsoftheuniverse⑤.Theyalsoreallywishtodiscoverotherplanetsthataresuitableenoughto⑥supportlife.Beforethemid-20thcentury,mostpeoplefelttravellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.However,somescientistsweredetermined⑦tohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.Aftermanyexperiments,theysucceededinmaking⑧rocketsthatcouldescapeEarth'sgravity⑨.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellite⑩waslaunched?bytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbited?aroundEarth.Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedon?sendingpeopleintospace,andon12April1961,?YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Overeightyearslater,on20July1969,Americanastronaut?NeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon,famouslysaying,“That'sonesmallstepfor[a]man,onegiant?leap?formankind?.”Followingthis,manymoregoalswereachieved.Forexample,America'sNASAspaceagency?launchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace,anditstilltransmits?data?today.[注解助讀]①frontier/'fr?nt??(r)/n． 邊境；國(guó)界；邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)②lookupat 抬頭看③vehicle/'vi??kl/n. 交通工具；車(chē)輛④findout 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明；弄清楚⑤universe/'ju?n?v??s/n. 宇宙；天地萬(wàn)物⑥besuitableto 適合⑦determined/d?'t??m?nd/adj. 有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的⑧succeedindoing... 成功做……⑨gravity/'ɡr?v?t?/n. 重力；引力⑩satellite/'s?t?la?t/n. 人造衛(wèi)星；衛(wèi)星?launch/l??nt?/vt.&n. 發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市?orbit/'??b?t/n.(環(huán)繞地球、太陽(yáng)等運(yùn)行的)軌道；勢(shì)力范圍vt.&vi. 沿軌道運(yùn)行；環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行?focuson 關(guān)注；集中?astronaut/'?str?n??t/n. 宇航員；太空人?giant/'d?a??nt/adj. 巨大的；偉大的n. 巨人；巨獸；偉人?leap/li?p/n. 跳躍；劇增；劇變vi.&vt. 跳過(guò)；躍過(guò)?mankind/m?n'ka?nd/n. 人類?agency/'e?d??nsi/n. (政府的)專門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)；服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處?transmit/tr?ns'm?t/vt.&vi. 傳輸；發(fā)送?data/'de?t?/n．[pl.] 資料；數(shù)據(jù)句子?現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)Lookingupatthestars在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。句子?sb./sth.be/beethefirst...todo