《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》和《簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)》中女性意識(shí)覺(jué)醒的對(duì)比研究

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》和《簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)》中女性意識(shí)覺(jué)醒的對(duì)比研究AComparativeStudyoftheAwakeningofFeminineConsciousnessinPrideandPrejudiceandJaneEyre摘要AbstractAmongmanyBritishfemalewriters,twofemalewritersarewellknownfortheirworksthatemphasisontheawakeningoffemaleconsciousness.OneisJaneAustenandtheotherisCharlotteBronte.Theirworksfocusedonwomenlife,andwhichinspiredthefemalecanawaken.JaneAustenisanoutstandingfemalenovelistintheUK,andherworkshavethemeaningofconnectingupanddownonthehistoryofthedevelopmentofBritishnovels.SheisknownasthefemalewriterwhocanstandonthesamelevelasShakespeare.Herworksreflectheruniquefemaleconcept.InPrideandPrejudice,JaneAustenseemstotellthatfemalecanprovetheirintelligenceandreasonasmenwiththeirownintelligenceandautonomy.TheseimagesandstoriesintheworkreflectJaneAusten’srationalthinkingonfemale’sstatus,rights,endowmentsandotherissues,expressingaclearfemaleconsciousness.CharlotteBronte,aBritishfemalewriter.Shehastwosisters,oneisEmilyBronteandtheotherisAnneBronte,whoisknownasthe"BronteThreeSisters"inthehistoryofEnglishliterature.Inhernovels,Themoststrikingthemeisthestrongdesireofwomentoachieveindependence.Asthemainbodyofsociety,womenmustlearntorelyonthemselves,theymustbebraveindefendingtheirdignityandrights,andfacethechallengesoflifeandsocietyindependently.WhetheritisCharlotteBrontehimselforhercreationofJaneEyre,itreflectsthetendencyofpersonalitydeterminationinthisgenderconsciousness.JaneAustenandCharlotteBrontebotharepioneersoffemaleconsciousnessawakening.Thistextcomparesthematerialwealth,therelationshipofcharactersandthesimilaritiesanddifferencesofmarriagesfromtheperspectiveoffeminismtoconductacomparativestudyoffemaleconsciousnessawakening.Theylivedindifferenterasaswellashavedifferentfatesandtheyhavedifferentviewsonmarriageandsexualrelations,buttheyalldemandthesamerespectandrightsasmen.Keywords:Feminineconsciousness;Awakening;Independence摘要在諸多英國(guó)女性作家中，有兩位女性作家因重點(diǎn)闡述女性意識(shí)的覺(jué)醒而被大家所熟知，一位是簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀,一位是夏洛蒂·勃朗特。她們作品的主題都是關(guān)注女性生活，并且鼓勵(lì)女性走上覺(jué)醒道路。簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀是英國(guó)一位優(yōu)秀的女性小說(shuō)家，其作品展現(xiàn)了她獨(dú)特的女性視角。她不僅被譽(yù)為地位是“可與莎士比亞平起平坐的女性作家”，而且她的作品在英國(guó)小說(shuō)發(fā)展史上也具有承前啟后的意義。在《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中，簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀似乎要告訴女性可以憑著自己的才智和自主來(lái)證明自己與男性有一樣發(fā)達(dá)的智力和理性。作品中的形象和故事體現(xiàn)著奧斯汀對(duì)女性地位、權(quán)利、稟賦等問(wèn)題做出的理性思考，表達(dá)了自覺(jué)而又明確的女性意識(shí)。夏洛蒂·勃朗特是英國(guó)文學(xué)史上著名的女性作家。她有兩個(gè)姐妹，一個(gè)是艾米莉·勃朗特，另一個(gè)是安妮·勃朗特，她們?cè)谟?guó)文學(xué)史上被稱(chēng)作“勃朗特三姐妹”。在夏洛蒂·勃朗特小說(shuō)中所表達(dá)的主題主要是女性作為社會(huì)的主體，要敢于維護(hù)自己的尊嚴(yán);要勇于獲得獨(dú)立自主的權(quán)利，還要學(xué)會(huì)依靠自己去獨(dú)立的面對(duì)人生和社會(huì)給與的各種挑戰(zhàn)。夏洛蒂·勃朗特所創(chuàng)作?簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)?鮮明的反映出她本人強(qiáng)烈的性別意識(shí)。簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀和夏洛蒂·勃朗特都是女性意識(shí)覺(jué)醒的先驅(qū)者，她們都以其獨(dú)特的女性主義的視角通過(guò)比較物質(zhì)財(cái)富、人物關(guān)系及其婚姻的異同來(lái)進(jìn)行女性意識(shí)覺(jué)醒的比較研究。雖然她們身處不同的時(shí)代，有著不同的命運(yùn)，對(duì)待婚姻和兩性關(guān)系上有著各自的看法，但是她們都要求女性獲得與男性一樣的尊重和權(quán)利。關(guān)鍵詞：女性意識(shí)；覺(jué)醒；獨(dú)立自主目錄IntroductionThisarticlemainlyintroducestwoexcellentworksaboutfemaleconsciousnessawakeningandcomparesthem.OneisPrideandPrejudice,theauthorisanoutstandingBritishfemalewriter,andtheotherisJaneEyrewrittenbyanotherfamousBritishfemalewriterCharlotteBronte.Althoughfewresearchersstudythisstoryfromtheperspectiveoffeminism,Thispaperanalyzestheawakeningoffemaleconsciousnessbycomparingthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenmaterialaspectsandcharacters.PrideandPrejudicebyBritishfemalenovelistJaneAusten.TheworksofPrideandPrejudicevividlyreflecttheBritishtownshiplifeandthestateoftheworldintheconservativeandoccludedstatefromtheendofthe18thcenturytotheearly19thcentury.Thebookwaslistedasoneoftheworld'stensizesbytheBritishnovelistanddramatistMaughamasoneoftheworld’stensizes.ThenoveldepictsthedaughterofBennet’sfivewordsinthesmalltownship.Theprotagonististheseconddaughter,Elizabeth.ShemetDarcyattheparty,butsheheardthathewasveryarrogant.Hehadalwaysbeenrepelledbyhisheart.Aftersometwistsandturns,ElizabethliftedhisprejudiceagainstDarcy.Darcyalsoputdownthepride,atlasttheloverwillbecomeagenus.Inthisnovel,JaneAusten’streatmentofBennet’sfivedaughters’lifeeventsshowsthedifferentattitudesoftownshipmiddle-classfamilymemberstomarriageandlove.Thusreflectingtheauthor'sownviewofmarriage:sheisopposedtoMarryingmoney,butalsoagainstmarriage.Sheemphasizedthatthekeytoanidealmarriageistousethefeelingsofbothmenandwomenasthecornerstoneofanidealmarriage.Elizabeth’sdifferentattitudestowardsDarcy’stwomarriageproposalsactuallyreflectedfemale’spursuitofpersonalityindependenceandequalrights.ThemostfascinatingfemaleimageinPrideandPrejudiceisElizabethBennett.Sheisintelligentandrational.Underthepressureofpatriarchalsociety,thepursuitofequalityandhappinessisaprominentabilitytoreflect.Reflectingthevoiceoffemale’sequalityandrespectforpersonalityinsocialtransformation.JaneAustenexpressesherviewsthroughthedescriptionofthecharactersinthenovel,itincludeadvocatingequalmarriagebetweenmenandwomen;awakeningoffemalesouls;subvertingthesocialformdominatedbymales.JaneEyreisanovelbyBritishfemalewriterCharlotteBronte.Itisanautobiographicalwork.TheworktellsthestoryofaBritishwomanwhohasturnedintoanorphanfromchildhoodandpursuesfreedomanddignityinvarioushardships,persistsinself,andfinallygetshappiness.Themostappealingthingaboutthisnovelistheheroine’slovestoryupsanddownsandtheoldcustomsandprejudicesofBritishsocietyatthetime,successfullyshapinganequalandfeminineimagethatdarestoresistanddaretofightforfreedom.JaneEyreisawomanwhoisstrong,simple,softandflexible,independentandproactive.Shethinksandstrivestograspherowndestiny,value,status,hasarationalunderstandingofherownthoughtsandpersonality,andhasafirmpursuitofherownhappinessandemotions.JaneEyreexpresstheimageofnewwomentodaythatself-respect,self-reliance,self-improvement,firmidealsandpersistentpursuitsofone'spersonality,emotion,life,judgment,choice.TheJaneEyrepursuitoflifeinJaneEyrehastwobasicmelody:passion,fantasy,resistanceandperseverance;thedesireforfreedomandhappinessonearthandthepursuitofahigherspiritualrealm.Thethemeofthisnovelistosuccessfullycreateafemaleimagethatisuneasyaboutthestatus,unwillingtobehumiliated,anddaretofightthroughtheunfairlifeexperienceofthelonelywoman.ThecriticalrealistwriterCharlotteBrontecreatesherheroineJaneEyrebeyondthetimeswithherdistinctivefeministtheme.Shehascreatedanordinaryandunusualfamilyfemaleteacher’simage,praisingthelovethatcombinesthetwosoulsequally,andalsosingsthewomenwhodaretofightthepatriarchalsocietyandprotectthedignityofwomen.Gotaboveeverythingelse.JaneEyre’ssenseofresistanceandeconomicindependencereflecttheconceptofCharlotteBronteatthetime.PrideandprejudiceandJaneEyrebotharetheproductsoffemaleconsciousnessawakeningatthattime.Theyhavesimilaritiesanddifferences.Theyallpursuetheequalityoflove,freedom,respect,andadvocatetheliberationoffemale'sthoughts.Buttheyarealsodifferentinmanyways,suchasmarriageandfamilyviews,genderrelations,growthenvironmentandsoon.Ofcourse,itisalsoinseparablefromtheauthor’seraandpersonalitydifferencesintheprocessoffemaleconsciousnessawakening.ChapterOneFeminismWiththedevelopmentofthetimes,female’sconsciousnessgraduallyawakened,andfeminismbegantoenterthestageofthetimes.Inthischapter,IwillpresentdefinitionanddevelopmentofthefeminismandthesignificanceoffeminineconsciousnessaswellaspresentsomeideasaboutfeminismofPrideandPrejudiceandJaneEyre.1.1TheDefinitionandHistoricalDevelopmentofFeminism1.1.1DefinitionofFeminismFeminism,alsoknownfemaleliberation,genderequality,referstoendingsexism,sexualexploitation,sexualdiscriminationandsexualoppression.Feminismreferstoasocialtheoryandpoliticalmovementthatmainlyusesfemaleexperienceasitssourceandmotivation.Inadditiontocriticizingsocialrelations,manyfeministsupportersalsofocusontheanalysisofgenderinequalityandthepromotionoffemale'srights,interestsandissues.Thepurposeoffeministtheoryistounderstandthenatureofinequalityandfocusongenderpolitics,powerrelations,andsexuality.Feministpoliticalactionchallengeshavesomeissuessuchasreproductiverights,abortionrights,educationrights,domesticviolence,maternityleave,payequity,votingrights,sexualharassment,genderdiscriminationandsexualviolence.Thethemesoffeministinquiryincludediscrimination,stereotypes,materialization(especiallyaboutmaterializationofsex),body,householdchores,oppressionandpatriarchy.Theconceptualbasisoffeminismisthatthecurrentsocietyisbasedonapatriarchalsysteminwhichmenaregivenmoreprivilegesthanwomen.Thefeministmovementisagrassrootsmovementthatmovesacrosstheboundariesofclassandrace.Thefeministmovementsundereachculturehavetheirownuniquenessandwillraiseissuesforwomeninthesociety.SimonPovabelievesthatfeminismreferstooutsidethestruggleoftheindependentclass,specificallyforwomen.(SimonDEbeauvoir,1949)GilmanmentionedinthestudyofWomenandEconomics:TheEconomicRelationshipbetweenMenandWomenasaFactorofSocialEvolution:Feminismisthesocialawakeningofwomenaroundtheworld.Katehasdefinedasthisdefinitionoffeminism:Rebellingagainsttheworld’slawsorcustomsthatobstructallfemale’sfreedoms.1.1.2HistoricalDevelopmentofFeminismFeminismhasthreestagesofdevelopment.Thefirstgenerationoffeminismwasfromthesecondhalfofthe19thcenturytothebeginningofthe20thcentury.Thefirstgenerationoffeminisminthe19thcenturywasinsyncwiththeEuropeanindustrialrevolution,whichoriginatedintheFrenchbourgeoisrevolutionandtheEnlightenment.Theoriginalpurposewastorequirewomentobeequaltoothersineducationandlegislationandtobeeconomicallyequaltomen.Theymainlyliberatedwomenfromtheeconomicaspect.Forthelaterfeministmovement,thismovementhadamajorimpactontheMarxistsocialistfemale’smovement.Duringthisperiod,feminismhasnotyetreachedthetheoreticallevel,mainlyduetosomepracticalactivities.Thegoalofthefirstwaveofmovementismainlytostriveforthesamepoliticalandsocialrightsasmen.ThesecondgenerationofWesternfeminism:Fromthebeginningofthe20thcenturytothe1960s,theworldexperiencedtwoworldwars,thecolonialsystemcollapsed,andvariouscontradictionswerequeuedup.Feminismalsoragedduringthisperiodofgreatturmoil.Marxismsocialistfeminismmainlyrequiresequalitybetweenwomenandmenintermsofeconomicsandorderstruggle,andrequiresfemale'smaterialstatus.Feminismduringthisperiod,especiallythedemandsofprogressandliberalfeminismonliberation,havehadagreatimpactonagroupoffeministwriters.AlthoughtheworksofVirginiaWoolfandLaiwuhavetracesofpostmodernism,theyarebasicallyrepresentativesoffeminisminliteratureduringthisperiod.Postmodernfeminism:Postmodernfeminismismainlyfrom1960sto1980s.Herproductionwasprobablyrelatedtotwofactors.Firstly,Becauseoftheliberationofthe1960sandthefeministideologythatopposedmenandwomen,countlessfamilybreakdownswerebrought,singlemother,problemchildandAIDSepidemic.Anotherfactoristhatafterthe1980s,moreandmorewomenoccupiedtheleadershippositionofthegovernmententerpriseschoolmedia,andbecametheboss,sothepost-modernfeministrightscameintobeing.Ifthesecondgenerationof“modernfeminism’’isimplemented,thethirdgenerationof“postmodernfeminism”willpaymoreattentiontothephilosophicalthinkingbeyondthescopeofwomen,andthecolorofsocialismandfeminismwillbemoreintense.1.2TheSignificanceofFeminineConsciousnessFemalesubjectiveconsciousnessreferstoasthesubjectintheobjectiveworldofthefemale’sstatus,self-awareness,roleandvalue.Female’sself-awarenessisfemale’sownunderstandingandwoman’sexplorationoftheparticularityofherownexistence.Itisnolongerobservedintheeyesofmen,butinfemale’seyes.Itisnotonlyapositiveandeffectivenegativeoffemale’smaleexperience,butalsoakindofself-reflectionandself-criticismofwomen.Female’sequalawareness,thatis,female’ssensitivitytosubordinatestatusinreallifeandalldiscriminationandbehavior,andtheexactperceptionthatwomenshouldenjoythesamerightsandstatusasmen.Payingattentiontothedevelopmentoffemaleconsciousnessisconducivetomaintainingthediversityaswellasvitalityoftheculturalecologicalenvironment.Moreover,itprofoundlyrevealsthegenderrelationshipunderthepatriarchalcultureatthattime,andtheliteraryexpressionandaestheticexperiencecompletelyshakethemale-centeredliterarycriticismtradition.Inaddition,itinspiredthegenderconsciousnessofliteraryformswithself-independence.1.3Feminism:PrideandPrejudiceandJaneEyre1.3.1FeminismEmbodiedinPrideandPrejudicePursueequalmarriageandresistthevalueoftraditionalwomen.Elizabethfirmlybelievesthatloveisthefoundationofahappymarriage,andthatloveisbasedonthepremiseofequalintelligence,equalpersonalityandmutualrespect.SherefusedonthespotforCollins'proposal.SherefusedCollinslikethis:“Youcan'tmakemehappy,andIbelieve,Ican'tmakeyouhappyeither.”Becausesuchamarriagejustfindsareliable“storageroom.’’Incontrast,forhergoodfriendCharlotte,whenConceitedCollinsfailedtoproposetoElizabeth,Charlottepromisedhim.CharlotteandElizabethareequallysensitiveandrationalwomen,butsheisarepresentativeoftraditionalwomen.Socialcustomaryforces,succumbtofate.Whentheproperty'sprominentgentlemanDarcyfirstproposedtoElizabeth,Elizabethdidnothesitatetorefuseit.Shesaid:“Themostunwillingtomarryintheworldisthatyouaresuchastrongman.Selfish,conceited.”BecauseofDarcy’sarroganceviolatedherdignity,DarcywasrejectedbyElizabeth.Elizabeth'srichknowledge,extraordinarydialogueandindependentpersonalityenabledDarcytoovercomeherprejudiceagainstpropertyandcreatehertrueloveforher.Thetwoeventuallyformedaperfect,equalmarriagesmoke,andsheresistedthevalueofsocietyforwomen.Sexesareequal,Whetherintermsofknowledgeorpersonality,manshouldfullyrespect,understandandappreciateyourself.Outstandingreflectiveability:Inthe18thcentury,inthecaseofwoman’ssocialnormsweresuppressed,mostwomenused“ignorance,conservatism,andweakness”asthestandardofvirtue.Atthattime,mostwomendidnothavetheabilitytomakejudgments,Elizabeth'ssistersJaneandDarcy.Bingleyfellinloveatfirstsight,butthetwosistersofBingle’sfalsewereloyaltotheBritish,andtheywereruinedintheback.WeakJanewaskeptinthedark,butElizabethcouldseethetwosistershypocritically.Becauseofherintelligentthinkingabilityandobservationability,oncesheacceptsthecorrectinformation,shecanmakeaccuraterightandwrongjudgments.AndinthenovelreflectsherchangesintheimpressionofDarcyandWickham.Wickhamisamisbehavingplayboy,heusedtobeinElizabeth,Nothinginthepast,fabricatedanddestroyedDarcy,andDarcylefttoElizaattheball.TheimpressionofwhitearrogancemadeElizabethprejudiceagainstDarcy.Later,Darcywrotealettertodefendhimself.Elizabethreceivedtheletterafterreadingandthinking,combinedwiththewordsanddeedsbeforeandafter.Thistimeitwashertransitionfromknowingotherstoknowingherself.BeforeandafterElizabeth,shemadeadecisioninherownindependentjudgmentandreflection.ButJanehasalwayslackedinsight,whichalsoshowsthepersonalityofwomenatthetime.AlthoughElizabeth’ssisterMaryisreadingpoetry,sheistalented,butsheisagirlwhoisruthlessandself-made.Later,whenshewasinfrontofeveryone,shefeltthatCollinswasagoodmarriagepartner.Thisreflectsthespiritualworldofthe18thcenturyfemale’snon-subjectiveconsciousness,showingastrongdependence.Intheprocess,Elizabeth'ssubjectiveconsciousnessisparticularlyvaluable.Sherealizesthatsheisnotasubjectofmale,butratheranothersubjectofequalityformen.Subversionandgloomofmaleimage:Thesubversionofthemaleimageisthederelictionofdutyofthefather’simage.Elizabeth’sfather,Mr.Bennet,isalazyperson.Hespendsmostofhistimeinhisstudy,neglectinghisdaughter’slove.Theguidanceoflove,marriagesmokeandoutlookarefullindailylife.Theothermalecharactersinthenovelarealsoincompetentanddark.Elizabeth’scousinCollinsisflamboyantandvulgar;Wickhamisamorallycorrupt,betrayalofthevillain;Bingley’smindissimple,eventhemarriageoffreedomislackinginopinion;Darcy,hisideologyalsoexperiencedaprocessofbeingconqueredbyElizabeth.1.3.2FeminismEmbodiedinJaneEyreRebelliousspiritinthepredicament:JaneEyrewasborninapoorfamily,andherparentswerelivingintheirhomesaftertheirdeath.Afterherparentsdeath,sheneedstofaceheraunt'sdislikeandinsult,hercousin’sunreasonablebeating.JaneEyreshowedastrongrebelliousspiritandneverretreat.AfterJaneEyrewassenttotheorphanage,shesufferedbothphysicalandmentaltorture.Inthefaceofthestrictrulesofthecourtandtherelentlessoppressionofthedean,shedidnotchoosetobow,buttoriseupandresist.LatershecametoMr.Rochester'sThornfieldManorasatutor.JaneEyrewonRochester'slovewitharichinnerworldanduniquepersonality,andtheyfellinlove.ButwhenshelearnedthatMr.Rochesterwasmarriedandthatmadwomanwashiswife,JaneEyre’sfeelingsweredealtaheavyblow.FinallyJaneEyrelefttheThornfieldManor.Inthewandering,JaneEyremethercousinSt.John,whoproposedtoherbeforeshewasreadytogotoIndiatopreach,butthereasonwasnotbecauseshelovedhim,butbecauseheneededaveryeducatedassistant.SherejectedSt.John'sproposal,rejectedamarriagewithoutlove,andmaintainedherindependentpersonality.Economicpursuitofindependence:JaneEyrebelievesthatinorderforwomentogainmoreindependence,theeconomymustremainindependentatacertainlevelandcannotrelytoomuchonothers.SheisatutorandateacheratSt.John'sinaruralschool,andshetriesherbest.Butatthesametime,JaneEyredoesnotbeaslavetomoney.ShedoesnotwanttobethemistressofMr.Rochesterforthesakeofprosperityandwealth.Throughthese,JaneEyreleavesthepursuitofeconomicindependence,philanthropy,optimism,fameandfortune.Thepursuitofequalityandsincerityinlove:JaneEyre'sinteractionwithMr.Rochester,shebelievesthatheridentityandstatusareequaltoRochester,andloveshouldbeequal.WhensheknewthatRochesterhadawife,sheleftwithanger.WhenSt.JohnaskedJanetobehiswife,sheknewthatshedidnotloveSt.John,andSt.Johnalsoadmiredherandthoughtshecouldbehisrighthandinhismissionarysermons.Thiskindofloveisnotbasedonmutualequality.Marriagewithoutloveislikehellonearth.Therefore,sherefusestheproposalofSt.John.ShedoesnotwanttoloseherselfasatoolforGod'ssermon.Finally,evenafterRochesterlostherpropertyandlosthersightinafire,shefollowedherheartanddidnotchangehertrueloveforhim.ShechosetostaywithRochester.ChapterTwoTheRelationBetweenMaterial,WealthandMarriageInthischapter,itmainlyintroducestheinfluenceofeconomicfactorsandsocialstatusontheconceptofmarriage,andanalyzesthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwonovelsbasedonthesetwopoints.2.1TheRelationshipBetweenMoneyandMarriageInadditiontotruelove,ahappymarriagealsorequiresmoneyandwealthjustlikeflowersneedtowater.“Withoutmoney,marriageisstupid.”Inthiswork,wecanknowthatmoneyandloveareinseparableinmarriage2.1.1PrideandPrejudiceThemarriageofLydiaandWickham:blindpassionforhappiness.MoneyplayedanimportantroleinthemarriageofWickhamandLydia.Wickhamisalower-rankingclassanddoesnothavealotofpropertyinheritance,whichintensifieshisgreedformoney.TheconditionthatWickhammarrywithLydia,justbecauseDarcysupposemoneyandworkforhimandhecanaffordtheirlife.InwordthemarriagebetweenWickhamandLydiasurvivesmoneybutlove.Theyhavefoodtoeatandclothestowear,andtheylooknodifferentfromordinarypeople.Butinthismarriage,wecanseethatinadditiontoblindpassion,moneyalsoplaysakeyrole.Thisisbasedontheestablishmentofapassionatemarriagethatwillsoonleadtotheweakandunfortunatemarriage.ThemarriagebetweenCharlotteandCollinsisacompromiseandrealitythatisbelongtoacarefullychosenmoneymarriage.CollinschoseCharlotteashiswife,apparentlynotlovingher,justbecausehemustcompletethetask,heworshipedtheDarcy'sauntarrangements.WhatasmartwomanCharlotteis,shewillseethatMr.Collinsisneitherreasonablenorhappy,andgettingalongwithhimisreallyannoying.ThemarriagebetweenCharlotteandCollinsclearlymakesmarriageamoneyandcompromisethereality.2.1.2JaneEyreJaneEyreloveshimwhenheisatutorintheupperclass,butwhensheknowsthathehasawife,JaneEyrerejectstherichRochesterandleavesthemanor.WhenRochester’spropertywasdamaged,hisbodywashurtandhisheartfeltlonely.ShereturnedtoRochesternotbecauseofcompromiseorretreat,butthatshehasbecomeanewwomanwithspiritualindependence,economicindependenceandfreewill.2.2TheRelationshipBetweenSocialStatusandMarriage2.2.1PrideandPrejudiceYoungpeople’sloveandmarriagenotonlyconsiderstheemotionalfactors,butalsoconsiderstheoriginandstatusoftheotherparty.Sometimestheconsiderationofstatuswillcompletelyreplacetheemotionalfactors.ThemosttypicalexampleofthisisMrs.DarcyandElizabeth.Atfirst,DarcywasdisdainfultoElizabeth,asmallmiddleclass,butElizabeth'spersonalcharmslowlyattractedhim,andhecouldnothelpbutfallinlovewithElizabeth.However,heneverforgetshisnoblestatusandisunwillingtomakeacloserelationshipwithhisownlowerclass.HethereforetriestosuppresstheloveofElizabethandiswillingtoendurethetortureofunrequitedlove.Whenthehotfeelingscannolongerbesuppressed,whenhehadtoproposetoElizabeth,hecouldnotletgoofhisbody.Inadditiontotellinglove,hedidnotforgettocounttheshortcomingsofthismarriage.Althoughshelaterrefusedhisproposal,hewasalsocondemnedbyElizabeth'sunrequitedloveandeventuallyexperiencedapainfulandreborntransition.2.2.2JaneEyreJaneEyre,sheis“poor,low,notbeautiful,short”,butshehaswisdom,strongandbraveheart,andsoon.Thosebeautycharactersareoverthosepeoplethatgoldandsliverarebutskindeep,althoughshebelongstothelowerclass.Rochester’sfamilyisrich,andheistheowneroftheThornfieldManor.Hehaswealthandastrongbodyandbelongstotheupperclass.ThelastinferiortutorJaneEyreandthemaleownerRochesterhavebeensufferingtogether.Thedifferenceinsocialstatusandpersonalitybetweentheheroesandheroinesofthisloveisasparkofthetwopeople'ssimilarinterestsandsincerelove.2.3Comparison：SimilaritiesandDifferences2.3.1SimilaritiesAnimportantpointinthetwonovelsisabouttheattitudeofmarriage-thepursuitoftruelove.Elizabethispursuingtruelovewholeheartedly.ShelookeddownonCharlotte’sviewofmarriagebecauseshethoughtthatCharlotte'smarriagewaspurelymoney-basedanddidn’tcareifshereallylovedeachother.ShealsosneeredathersisterLydia’smarriagebehavior.ShebelievesthatLydia’sweddingisbasedonsexandplay,andlacksemotionalcommunication.Thereasonwhysherefusedthecousin’sproposalwaspreciselybecausetherewasnoloveconsiderationbetweenthem.JaneEyreasapoorandhumblefamilyteacher,maybemostpeoplethinkthatsheshouldnotdesiretosuppressone'sownfeelingsaccordingtotherequirementsofthesociety,thereforeshedoesn’twanttobeafailworkforthissocietyorherlife,shewantsthepureandtruelove.Shedoesn’twanttochangeherselftoadapttosociety,shemustbreakit.AsElizabethKennedy,thereisnotrueloveJaneEyrewillnotacceptmarriage,sosheresolutelyrefusedhercousin'sproposal.ThecombinationofJaneEyreandRochesterisfarmoresturdyinthemarriageofthedoor-to-door,andalsointhecombinationofstatus.Bothbooksreflecttheawakeningoffemale'sconsciousness,especiallythecharactersofElizabethandJaneEyre.Theyallhavetheirownideasanddaretoresisttheworld.JaneEyreandElizabethhaveindependentandrationalqualitiesintermsofmaterialwealth,status,andmarriage.Theyallhavetheirownspeciallifeprinciplesandresistance.Althoughtheiroriginsarenotnoble,theytreattheirownmarriageswithspecialopinionsandwillnotfollowthetide,butchoosetheirown“truelove.”2.3.2DifferencesTheemphasisofthetwonovelsisdifferent.InthePrideandPrejudice,severalBennettsistershaverepeatedlymentionedwhethertheycanmarrywell,whichfullydemonstratestheroleofeconomicfactorsintheirmarriage.JaneEyrepursuesloveandmarriagebasedonequality.Shelongsforlovebutdoesnotbegforlove,andshewillnotseekforitbecauseoflove.Therefore,“PrideandPrejudice”impliesthateconomicconditionshaveanimpactonmarriage,whileJaneEyreemphasizesthatspiritualequalityisthebasisofmarriage.TheheroesJaneEyreandRochesterinJaneEyrecomefromdifferentsocialclasses,status,andorigins,buttheirloveisnotaccidentalencounters,norisitboringtoparticipateincasualentertainment.Theideologicalfoundationoflovingthemliesinthecommonspiritualpursuit.AlthoughJaneEyreandElizabeth'soriginsarenotnoble,therearestilldifferences.Thisalsocreatesadifferenceintheirattitudetowardsmarriage.