2014年7月10日對外援助中英文對照

中國的對外援助China’sForeignAidInformationOfficeoftheStateCouncil,ThePeople’sRepublicofJulyDevelopingForeignAssistanceCauseHelpingImprovePeople’sPromotingEconomicandSocialForeignAssistanceunderRegionalCooperationParticipationinInternationalExchangesandChinaistheworld’slargestdevelopingcountry.Initsdevelopment,ithasendeavoredtointegratetheinterestsoftheChinesepeoplewithpeopleofothercountries,providingassistancetothebestofitsabilitytootherdevelopingcountrieswithintheframeworkofSouth-Southcooperationtosupportandhelpotherdevelopingcountries,especiallytheleastdevelopedcountries(LDCs),toreducepovertyandimprovelivelihood.Chinahasproactivelypromotedinternationaldevelopmentandcooperationandplayedaconstructiveroleinthisaspect.Whenprovidingforeignassistance,Chinaadherestotheprinciplesofnotimposinganypoliticalconditions,notinterferingintheinternalaffairsoftherecipientcountriesandfullyrespectingtheirrighttoindependentlychoosingtheirownpathsandmodelsofdevelopment.ThebasicprinciplesChinaupholdsinprovidingforeignassistancearemutualrespect,equality,keepingpromise,mutualbenefitsandwin-win.Inrecentyears,China’sforeignassistancehaskeptgrowing.ThefollowingisanintroductionofChina’sforeignassistancefrom2010to2012.DevelopingForeignAssistanceCauseThescaleofChina’sforeignassistancekeptexpandingfrom2010to2012.Besidescompleteprojectsandgoodsandmaterials,whichwerethemainformsofChina’sforeignassistance,technicalcooperationandhumanresourcesdevelopmentcooperationalsosawremarkableincreases.AsiaandAfricawerethemajorrecipientareasofChina’sforeignassistance.TopromotetherealizationofMillenniumDevelopmentGoals,Chinadirectedmostofitsassistingfundstolow-incomedevelopingcountries.FinancialResourcesforForeignFrom2010to2012,Chinaappropriatedintotal89.34billionyuan(14.41billionU.S.dollars)forforeignassistanceinthreetypes:grant(aidgratis),interest-freeloanandconcessionalloan.合作、物資援助和緊急人道主義援助等。三年中，中國對外提供無償援助33.262%。Grantismainlyofferedtohelprecipientcountriesbuildsmallormedium-sizedsocialwelfareprojects,andtofundhumanresourcesdevelopmentcooperation,technicalcooperation,materialassistanceandemergencyhumanitarianaid.Inthethreeyears,Chinaprovided32.32billionyuanofgrants,accountingfor36.2percentofthetotalassistancevolume.Interest-freeloanismainlyusedtohelprecipientcountriesconstructpublicfacilitiesandlaunchprojectstoimprovepeople’slivelihood.Inthethreeyears,Chinaoffered7.26billionyuanofinterest-freeloans,takingup8.1percentofitsforeignassistancevolume.Concessionalloanismainlyusedtohelprecipientcountriesundertakemanufacturingprojectsandlargeandmedium-sizedinfrastructureprojectswitheconomicandsocialbenefits,orforthesupplyofcompleteplants,machineryandelectronicproducts.Inthethreeyears,theconcessionalloansChinaprovidedtoothercountriesamountedto49.76billionyuan,or55.7percentofitstotalassistancevolumeinthesameperiod.ForeignassistancebudgetisputundertheunifiedmanagementoftheMinistryofFinanceinlinewiththebudgetandfinalaccountssystem.ConcessionalloansareraisedbytheExport-ImportBankofChinaonthemarket.AstheloaninterestislowerthanthebenchmarkinterestreleasedbythePeople’sBankofChina,thedifferenceismadeupbythestateasfinancialsubsidies.DistributionofForeignFrom2010to2012,Chinaprovidedassistanceto121countries,including30inAsia,51inAfrica,nineinOceania,19inLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanand12inEurope.Besides,ChinaalsoprovidedassistancetoregionalorganizationssuchastheAfricanUnion(AU).FormsofForeignFrom2010to2012,Chinaprovidedforeignassistancemainlyinthefollowingforms:undertakingcompleteprojects,providinggoodsandmaterials,conductingtechnicalcooperationandhumanresourcesdevelopmentcooperation,dispatchingmedicalteamsandvolunteers,offeringemergencyhumanitarianaid,andreducingorexemptingthedebtsoftherecipientcountries.Completeprojects.Intotal,Chinaundertooktheconstructionof580suchprojectsin80countries,withinfrastructureandagricultureasthefocus.Goodsandmaterials.Chinaprovided96countriesandregionswith424batchesofgoodsandmaterials,includingmainlyofficesupplies,mechanicalequipment,inspectionequipment,transportvehicles,articlesfordailyuse,medicineandmedicaldevices.Technicalcooperation.Chinacompleted170technicalcooperationprojectsin61countriesandregions,mainlycoveringindustrialproductionandmanagement,agriculturalplantingandbreeding,cultureandeducation,sportsandphysicaltraining,medicalandhealthcare,cleanenergydevelopment,andplanningandconsultation.Humanresourcesdevelopmentcooperation.Chinaheld1,951trainingsessionsforofficialsandtechnicalpersonnelandon-the-jobacademiceducationprogramsinChina,trainingatotalof49,148peoplefromotherdevelopingcountries.Medicalteams.Chinadispatched55teamscomposedof3,600medicalpersonnelto54countriestoprovidestationedortouringmedicalservices,treatingnearlysevenmillionpatients.Volunteerprograms.Chinasentabout7,000youngvolunteersandvolunteerChineselanguageteacherstoover60countries.Emergencyhumanitarianaid.Chinaextended1.5billionyuanworthofmaterialsandcashassistanceinemergencyhumanitarianaidtomorethan30countries.Debtrelief.ChinarelievednineLDCsandheavilyindebtedpoorcountries,namely,Tanzania,Zambia,Cameroon,EquatorialGuinea,Mali,Togo,Benin,Coted’IvoireandSudan,from16matureinterest-freeloanstotaling1.42billionyuan.HelpingImprovePeople’sOneoftheimportantobjectivesofChina’sforeignassistanceistosupportotherdevelopingcountriestoreducepovertyandimprovethelivelihoodoftheirpeoples.Chinaprioritizessupportingotherdevelopingcountriestodevelopagriculture,enhanceeducationlevel,improvemedicalandhealthservicesandbuildpublicwelfarefacilities,andprovideemergencyhumanitarianaidwhentheysufferseveredisasters.PromotingAgriculturalAgriculturaldevelopmentiscrucialtopovertyreductionindevelopingcountries.Throughestablishingagriculturaltechnologydemonstrationcenters,dispatchingagriculturalexpertstoprovideconsultationsandconducttechnicalcooperation,andtrainingtechnicalandmanagerialpersonnelonagricultureinotherdevelopingcountries,Chinahastakenproactiveeffortstohelpotherdevelopingcountriesraisetheiragriculturalproductivitytoeffectivelycopewithfoodcrises.From2010to2012,Chinaassisted49agriculturalprojects,dispatchedover1,000agriculturalexpertstorecipientcountries,andprovidedthemwithagreatquantityofmachinery,improvedvarietiesofgrain,fertilizersandotheragriculturalmaterials.Assistingtheestablishmentofagriculturaltechnologydemonstrationcenters.SuchcentersprovideanimportantplatformforChina’sforeignassistanceinagriculture.From2010to2012,China-assistedagriculturaldemonstrationcenterswerecompletedin17countries,includingBenin,Mozambique,Sudan,Liberia,Rwanda,Laos,andEastTimor.Chinapassedonadvancedandapplicableproductiontechnologiestolocalfarmersthroughexperiment,demonstrationandtraining.ThedemonstrationcenterinLiberiapromotedhybridriceandcornplantinginareasofnearly1,000hectares,andtrainedover1,000localagriculturalresearchersandfarmers.ThedemonstrationcenterinRwandaresearched,experimentedonanddemonstratedtheadaptabilityofpaddyriceandfungiinthecontextofthelocaltraditionalagriculture,andprovidedtechnicaltrainingtowomen’sassociations,paddyricegrowers’associationsandotherorganizationsinDispatchingsenioragriculturalexpertsandexpertteams.Chineseagriculturalexpertstookanactivepartintheagriculturalplanningoftherecipientcountries.TheexpertteamdispatchedBeninprovidedexpertisetothedraftingofthecountry’sAgriculturalLawandAgriculturalAdministrationLaw.TheexpertteamssenttoBotswanaandGuinea-Bissauparticipatedintheformulationofthetwocountries’agriculturaldevelopmentplans.Chineseexpertsassistedrecipientcountriesinpromotingtheiragriculturaldevelopment.TheexpertteamhelpedLesothowithitsapplicationtotheWorldHealthOrganizationforFMD(foot-and-mouthdisease)freemembership.TheexpertteamtoMauritaniaassistedthecountryindrawinguptheplanforbuildingitscentrallaboratoryforagriculturalcomprehensiveanalysisandtesting.Chineseexpertsactivelydisseminatedeasy-to-learnagriculturaltechniquessuitedtotheconditionsofrecipientcountries.TheexpertteamtoBotswanapromotedtheuseofplasticmulchincropproduction.TheexpertteamtoMalidevisedandpromotedtheuseofironharrowsasameansofintensivecultivationinthepaddyfields.Trainingtechnicalandmanagerialpersonnelonagriculture.Takingthecharacteristicsandactualneedsofagriculturaldevelopmentindevelopingcountriesintoconsideration,Chinaprovidednearly300researchandtrainingprogramsofvariousformsforalmost7,000agriculturalofficialsandtechniciansfromtherecipientcountries.Theseprogramscoveredawiderangeofsectors,includingmanagementofcropcultivation,forestry,animalhusbandryandfishery,nationalpolicymakingonruraldevelopmentandpovertyreduction,foodsecurity,andagriculturalcooperationamongdevelopingcountries,andissuesconcerningtheagriculturalchain,suchastechnologydisseminationandtheprocessing,storage,marketinganddistributionofagriculturalproducts.ImprovingtheLevelofFrom2010to2012,Chinacontinuouslyintensifieditseffortsofforeignassistanceineducationbywayofconstructingandmaintainingschoolbuildings,providingteachingfacilities,trainingteachers,offeringmoregovernmentscholarshipsforforeignstudentstostudyinChina,andassistingwiththedevelopmentofvocationalandtechnicaleducation,forthepurposeofhelpingotherdevelopingcountriesimprovetheireducationallevelandsupporttheirbalancedandequitabledevelopmentineducation.Improvingteachingandlearningconditions.Chinaassistedover80projectsinrelationtoeducationalfacilities,includingtheconstructionandmaintenanceofprimaryandsecondaryschools,universitiesandcollegesaswellaslibraries,andhaseffectivelyimprovedtheteachingandlearningconditionsintherecipientcountries.Chinaprovidedlargeamountsoffreeeducationalfacilitiesandmaterialstotherecipientcountries,includingcomputers,teachingtools,stationeryandsportsequipment,andestablisheduniversityonlineeducationnetworksanddistanceeducationsystems.Inthisway,Chinafacilitatedtheeffortsofrecipientcountriestodiversifytheirmeansandexpandthecoverageofeducation.Trainingteachers.Inthethreeyears,Chinatrainedover1,000educationalofficials,principalsandfacultymembersfromotherdevelopingcountriesbyholdingover30educationaltrainingprograms,includingthoseforsenioradministratorsofcollegesanduniversities,forhighereducationmanagement,forvocationaleducationmanagement,forprincipalsandteachersofprimaryandsecondaryschools,andfordistanceeducation.Supportingvocationalandtechnicaleducation.ThousandsoflocalpeoplehavebeentrainedintheChina-assistedFriendshipVocationalTrainingCenterinOmdurman.Toincreaseitsenrolment,Chinastartedtheupgradingandexpansionprojectofthecenter.Chinatookactivestepstohelptherecipientcountriesdevelopvocationalandtechnicaleducation.From2001to2012,Chinadispatchedover400teacherstoEthiopiatotrainthelocalteachersworkinginagriculturalvocationalandtechnicaleducation.Atotalof1,800teachersfromagriculturalvocationalschoolsand35,000agriculturaltechniciansreceivedtraining.Increasinggovernmentscholarshipstoforeignstudents.From2010to2012,theChinesegovernmentassisted76,845foreignstudentstostudyinChina.Topromoteregionaldevelopment,ChinahascontinuouslyincreasedgovernmentscholarshipstoAfricanstudentsandaugmentedassistanceforstudentsfromtheASEANcountriesandthePacificislandcountriestohelpunder-developedcountriesintheseregionsdeveloptheirhumanresources.ImprovingMedicalandHealthMedicalandhealthcareisamajorfieldwhereChinadirectsitsforeignassistance.From2010to2012,Chinahelpedrecipientcountriesimprovetheirmedicalandhealthservices,raisetheirdiseasecontrolandpreventionability,andenhancetheirpublichealthcapacitybyconstructinghospitals,providingmedicineandmedicalequipment,dispatchingmedicalteams,trainingmedicalworkersandconductingexchangesandcooperationondiseasepreventionandtreatmentwithotherdevelopingcountries.Constructingmedicalfacilitiesandprovidingfreemedicalequipment.Chinaassistedabout80constructionprojectsofmedicalfacilities,includinggeneralhospitals,mobilehospitals,healthcenters,specialistclinics,andtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)centers,whichhaveeffectivelyalleviatedtheshortageofmedicalandhealthfacilitiesinrecipientcountries.Moreover,Chinaprovidedthemwithabout120batchesofmedicalequipmentandmedicine,includingcolorDopplerultrasoundmachines,CTscanners,automaticbiochemicalanalyzers,maternalandinfantmonitors,criticalsurgicalinstruments,ICUmonitors,andMRIscannersaswellasdrugsagainstdiseasessuchasmalariaandcholera.Dispatchingmedicalteams.Chinadispatched55medicalteamswith3,600medicalworkerstonearly120medicalcentersinrecipientcountries.Theytrainedtensofthousandsoflocalmedicalstaff,whichhasrelievedtoacertainextenttheshortageofmedicalservicesinrecipientcountries.Thetrainingwascarriedoutthroughdemonstrations,lectures,technicalcoursesandacademicexchanges,coveringsuchtopicsasthepreventionandtreatmentofmalaria,AIDS,schistosomiasisandotherinfectiousdiseases,patientcare,thetreatmentofdiabetesandrheumatism,aswellastheTCMofacupunctureapplication,naprapathy,healthcaremethodsandChinesemedicines.From2010to2012,morethan100Chinesemedicalworkerswereconferredmedalsbytherecipientcountriesfortheiroutstandingcontributions.CarryingoutBrightnessTripactivities.BrightnessTripprogramwasactivelycarriedoutinbothgovernmentalandnon-governmentalchannelstohelpotherdevelopingcountriesinthetreatmentofeyediseases.From2003,ChinastartedtosendmedicalteamstoprovidefreesurgeryforpatientswitheyediseasesintheDemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKorea,Cambodia,Bangladesh,Vietnam,PakistanandotherAsiancountries.InNovember2010,aChineseBrightnessTripmedicalteamarrivedinAfricaforthefirsttimeandcarriedoutoperationsforover1,000cataractpatientsincountriesincludingZimbabwe,Malawi,MozambiqueandSudan.提供傳染病防控援助。三年中，中國向其他發(fā)展中國家無償提供了6批抗瘧藥、甲流疫苗及霍亂疫苗，并開展傳染病防治培訓(xùn)，以上援助項(xiàng)目累計(jì)金額近227國與科摩羅啟動(dòng)青蒿素復(fù)方快速控制瘧疾合作項(xiàng)目，使科摩羅莫埃利島的瘧疾發(fā)病率較同期下降90%21022Assistingthepreventionandcontrolofinfectiousdiseases.From2010to2012,Chinaprovided60batchesofantimalarialmedicine,H1N1influenzavaccineandcholeravaccinefreeofchargetootherdevelopingcountriesandheldtraininginthepreventionandcontrolofinfectiousdiseases,theexpenditureforthispurposeaccumulatingtoRMB200million.In2007,ChinaandtheComoroslaunchedacooperationprogramoftreatingmalariawithanartemisinincompound,aneffectiveantimalarialdrug,whichhelpedtheComorianislandofMohelireduceitsincidenceofmalariaby90%.From2010to2012,whilemakingfurtherprogressinMoheli,ChinastartedpromotingtheprogramontheComorianislandofAnjoyan.BuildingPublicWelfareTosupportotherdevelopingcountriesinimprovingtheirpeople’slivelihoodandorganizingpublicactivities,Chinaactivelyassistedtheconstructionofurbanandruralpublicwelfarefacilities,affordablehousingandsocialactivityvenues,providedrelevantequipmentandmaterials,andconductedtechnicalcooperationonoperationandmanagement.Carryingoutwell-drillingandwater-supplyprojects.Chinaundertook29well-drillingandwater-supplyprojectsinotherdevelopingcountries,anddrilledover600wells.Despitetoughnaturalconditionsandthethreatofepidemicsandterrorism,seniorhydrogeologistsandengineeringgeologistsfromChinahelpedtherecipientcountriesdrillwellsandundertakewater-supplyprojects.Chinahelpeddrill200freshwaterwellsinKaraandCentraleofTogorespectivelyand38wellsinDarfur,SudanandKatorofJuba,SouthSudan,allofwhichwereequippedwithsubmersiblepumpsandgeneratorsets.TheChina-assistedwater-supplyprojectinZinder,Nigerhassolvedtheproblemofdrinkingwaterforhundredsofthousandsoflocalresidents.Improvingpeople’slivingconditions.Chinaassisted80residentialhousingandaffordablehousingprojectsinotherdevelopingcountries,totalingabout600,000squaremetersinfloorspace.China’sarchitectsandengineersgavefullconsiderationtothelivinghabitsandenvironmentalfeaturesoftherecipientcountriesinbothexternalandinteriordesign,andexercisedstrictqualitycontrolwhilemakingeffortstoreducecosts,forthepurposeofprovidingcomfortableandendurablehousestolocalresidents.Assistingtheconstructionofpublicfacilities.Chinaassisted86constructionprojectsofpublicculturalvenues,sportsvenues,officebuildingsandconferencecentersinotherdevelopingcountries.Theseprojectshelpedenrichlocalresidents’culturalandrecreationallife,improvetheworkingconditionsoflocalgovernments,andcreateabettercityscape.ChinaassistedtherehabilitationofSriLanka’sBandaranaikeMemorialInternationalConferenceHall,whichwasagiftfromChinainthe1970sandtookonnewdimensionsfourdecadeslater.ChinafundedtheconstructionofGabon’s40,000-seatstadiumStaded’Angondje,whichhostedthecompetitionfinalandclosingceremonyofthe28thAfricaCupofNationsin2012.Chinaassistedtheconstructionofthe20,000-square-meterGrandNationalTheaterinSenegal,oneofthelargesttheatersinAfrica.HumanitarianOverthepastfewyears,theworldhasbeenfrequentlyhitbyseverenaturaldisasterscausedbyearthquakes,hurricanes,floodsanddroughtsaswellashumanitariancrisescausedbywars,andmanycountrieshavesufferedseriouscasualtiesandpropertylosses.Chinahasmadequickresponsetotheappealsoftheinternationalcommunitybyprovidingreliefmaterialsorcashaidanddispatchingrescueandmedicalteamsasneeded,tohelpthevictimcountrieswithdisasterreliefandpost-disasterreconstruction.Providingemergencyreliefmaterialsorcashaid.From2010to2012,theChinesegovernmentprovidedRMB1.2billionworthofemergencyreliefmaterialsinsome50batches,includingtents,blankets,emergencylights,generators,fueloil,food,medicineandwaterfilters,tocountriesaffectedbynaturaldisastersorhumanitariancrises,suchastheearthquakeinHaiti,floodsinCambodia,earthquakeinMyanmar,floodsinPakistan,hurricaneinCuba,thewarinLibya,andtheturmoilinSyria.Inaddition,ChinaprovidedcashaidtotalingRMB300million.AssistingAfricancountriesincopingwiththefoodcrisis.In2011and2012,theHornofAfricaandtheSahelwerestrickenbyseveredroughtsandover30millionpeoplewerefacedwithaseriousfoodshortage.In2011,theChinesegovernmentprovidedonthreeoccasionsatotalofRMB440millionworthofemergencyfoodaidtothecountriesoftheHornofAfrica,suchasEthiopia,Kenya,DjiboutiandSomali.In2012,theChinesegovernmentprovidedRMB70millionworthofemergencyfoodaidtoChad,Mali,NigerandothercountriesintheSahel.支持災(zāi)后重建。2100路網(wǎng)修復(fù)工程，輻射受益人口達(dá)1.億。212月，剛果（布）首都布拉柴維爾姆皮拉地區(qū)發(fā)生爆炸事件后，中國援建了災(zāi)民安置住房，積極支持災(zāi)后重建。Supportingpost-disasterreconstruction.In2010,Pakistanwashitbyaseverefloodrarelyseeninhistory.TheChinesegovernmentpromptlycarriedoutrescueworkinallaspectsandthroughmultiplechannels,participatedinpost-floodreconstructionbyhelpingthevictimsandrebuildingtransportationinfrastructureasthecountryrequested.ChinaalsoprovidedcashaidtosupportPakistangovernment’scompensationpackagesforvictims,andundertooktherestorationprojectofthe340-kilometernationalhighwaynetworkdestroyedintheflood-strickenareas,enabling150millionpeopletohaveaccesstothetrafficnetwork.InMarch2012,aseriesofblastsoccurredinthenorthofBrazzaville,thecapitaloftheRepublicofCongo.ChinaassistedtheconstructionofsettlementsforpeopledisplacedfromtheirhomesandactivelysupportedreconstructionaftertheHelpingimprovedisasterpreventionandreliefcapacity.Chinahelpedrecipientcountriesenhancetheiremergencyrescue,disasterpreventionandreliefcapacitybywaysofprovidingmaterialsandtraining.Overthethreeyears,Chinaprovidedover10batchesofrescuevehiclesandequipment,andheld30trainingprogramsondisasterpreventionandreliefforotherdevelopingcountries,sharingexperiencewithover700officialsandtechnicians.PromotingEconomicandSocialChinahasactivelyhelpedotherdevelopingcountriesininfrastructureconstruction,andassistedtheireffortsinstrengtheningcapacitybuildingandtradedevelopment.Chinahasalsoincreasedtheamountofforeignassistanceinenvironmentalprotection,helpingtherecipientcountriesrealizeeconomicandsocialdevelopment.ImprovingInlightoftheeconomicdevelopmentofdifferentcountries,Chinaarrangesgrants(aidgratis),interest-freeloansandconcessionalloansinawell-proportionedmannertohelprecipientcountrieswiththemuchneededinfrastructureconstruction.From2010to2012,Chinahelpedbuild156economicinfrastructureprojects.Exploringitsadvantagesintechnology,equipmentandmaterials,andhumanresources,ChinaeffectivelycutdowninvestmentcostsfortheseprojectswhileensuringSupportingdevelopmentoftransportsystem.Duringthethree-yearperiod,Chinaassistedtheconstructionofover70transportprojects,includingroads,bridges,airportsandports.Forexample,ChinahelpedbuildthethirdsectionoftheSikaHighwaythatconnectsKenya’scapitalNairobitoitseconomichubSika,thusmakingacontributiontotheroadnetworkthatlinksupKenya,EthiopiaandTanzania.SriLanka’sMattalaRajapaksaInternationalAirport,builtwithChineseassistance,furtherimprovesthecountry’sall-dimensionaltransportnetwork,andplaysapositiveroleinpromotinglinksandcommunicationbetweenSriLankaanditsneighboringareas.Increasingenergysupplycapacity.Chinaassistedtheconstructionofmorethan20energyprojects,includinghydropowerstations,thermalpowerplants,powertransmission,transformationanddistributiongrids,andgeothermaldrillingprojects.TheBuiHydropowerStationbuiltbyChinainGhanaboaststhecapacityofhydroelectricitygeneration,farmlandirrigation,fisheriesdevelopmentandlocaltourism.ItscompletionhasnotonlypoweredeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinGhana,butalsobenefitedotherareasinWesternAfrica.TheChina-assistedpowertransmission,transformationanddistributiongridsinDakar,Senegalnowprovidepowerto150,000localresidents,effectivelyensuringpowersupplytothecity,whichhadbeentroubledbyitsageinggridandsuddenblackoutsuntilrecently.Promotingthedevelopmentofinformation-basedsocieties.Chinaassistedthebuildingofover60IT-relatedprojects,includingopticalcabletelecommunicationnetworks,e-governmentwebsites,andradioandtelevisionfrequencymodulationtransmitters.ThetelecommunicationprojectsassistedbyChinainTurkmenistan,TogoandEritreaprovidehigh-qualityandsteadytelecommunicationsystemstothesecountries,andthenumberofusershasgrownexponentially.TheopticalcabletransmissionnetworksassistedbyChinainCameroonandTanzaniahaveeffectivelypromotedtheapplicationoffibercablesinAfricannations.StrengtheningCapacityBelievingintheancientChinesewisdomthat“teachingonetofishratherthangivingonefish,”Chinasharesitsexperienceandtechnologywithotherdevelopingcountriesthroughhumanresourcesandtechnicalcooperation,aswellasthroughvolunteerservice,tohelpotherdevelopingcountriesbuildtheirownprofessionalteamsandenhancetheircapacityforindependentFastdevelopmentinhumanresourcescooperation.From2010to2012,Chinaheld1,579seminarsforforeignofficials,invitingnearly40,000officialsfromthegovernmentsofotherdevelopingcountriestoChina.Thetopicsoftheseminarscoveredeconomicsandmanagement,multilateraltradenegotiation,politicsanddiplomacy,publicadministration,vocationaleducation,andnon-governmentalorganizations.Chinaalsoheld357trainingsessionsforabout10,000technicalpersonnelfromotherdevelopingcountriesintheareasofagriculture,healthcare,telecommunications,industry,environmentalprotection,disasterreliefandprevention,andcultureandsports.Tohelpotherdevelopingcountriesimprovetheabilityoftheirseniormanagementpersonnelinthepublicsector,Chinaorganized,duringthethreeyears,15on-the-jobeducationprograms.Master’sdegreesinpublicadministration,education,internationalrelationsandinternationalmediaweregrantedto359officialsfrom75developingcountries.Extensivetechnicalcooperation.Duringthethree-yearperiod,Chinasentover2,000expertstomorethan50countriestoconducttechnicalcooperation,transferapplicabletechnique,andhelpimprovethesecountries’technicalmanagementcapacityinagriculture,handcrafts,radioandtelevision,cleanenergy,andcultureandsports.Chinaalsodispatchedseniorplanningandconsultingexpertstootherdevelopingcountriestohelpwiththeplanningoflandexploitation,cleanenergyutilization,riverregulation,andeconomiccooperation.Inatechnicalcooperationprogram,Chineseexpertstaught500Liberianstoweavebambooandrattanintomarketableproducts.Thisprogramhasnotonlycreatedjobs,broughtthelocalsmoreincomeandliftedthemoutofpoverty,butalsoboostedthebambooandrattanindustryinthecountry.Theactiveroleofvolunteers.Chinacontinuedtosendvolunteerstootherdevelopingcountriestoprovideservicesinlanguageteaching,physicaleducation,computertraining,traditionalChinesemedicinetreatment,agriculturaltechnology,arttraining,industrialtechnology,socialdevelopmentandinternationalreliefforschools,hospitals,governmentagencies,farms,andresearchinstitutes.AChinesevolunteertoLiberiasuccessfullyrescuedanewbornwithgastroschisis,andwasawardedtheAfricanStarmedal.VolunteerstoEthiopiaimprovedtheplantingmethodformelons,andlocalfruitfarmersharvestedmuchmorethanusualthatyear;thevolunteersalsotaughtthelocalstobuildbiogaspitssothattheycouldusecleanenergymoreefficiently.PromotingTradeAsanactiveresponsetotheWTO’sAidforTradeinitiative