主題閱讀04 人居環(huán)境(解析版)-【暑假提能】2021年暑假新高二英語素養(yǎng)提升專練之主題閱讀系列(全國通用)

優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語【暑假提能】2021年暑假新高二英語素養(yǎng)提升專練之主題閱讀系列(全國通用)主題閱讀04人居環(huán)境1Companiesemployingworkersallhopetokeeptheworkplacesafe.Job-relatedinjuriesaresomethingthatresponsibleemployersavoid.Theytakethetimeandusecompanyresourcestomakesurethatthepeoplewhocometoworkeachdayaresafe.Notonlydoesthismakegoodsensefromamoralstandpoint,butitalsomakesgoodfinancialsense.Ifaworkerisinjuredonthejob,itcoststhecompanyintermsoflostmanhours,increasedinsurancecosts,workers'compensationpremiums(賠償金),andlegalcosts.Productivityislostwhenotherworkershavetostopdoingtheirjobstodealwiththesituation.Evenaftertheinjuredworkerhasbeensenthomeortakentohospital,otheremployeesmaybeunfocusedorneedtotaketimeofffromworkintheresultoftheincident.Whenaworkplaceissafe,workersfeelmorecomfortableandconfidentwhentheyareinthatenvironment.Productivitygetsapromotion,andprofitsfollowsuit.Absencealsodropswhenemployerstakestepstocarryoutaneffectivesafetyprogram.Investinginagoodsafetyprogrambringswithitotherbenefitstoo.Whenemployeesfeelsafeintheworkplaceandabsenceratesarekeptdown,theycanfocusonservingthecompany'scustomersproperly.Manycompaniesofferproductsorservicesthataresimilartothosethatothercompaniescarryorprovide.Customerswilldecidewhichcompaniestheywanttodealwithbasedonwhichonetheyfeelprovidesthebestcustomerservice.Increasedabsencemeanslongerwaittimesandcustomersarequitepreparedtomoveontoanothercompanytheyfeelwillbeabletohelptheminamoretimelymanneriftheyarenotgettingthelevelofattentionthattheydeserve.Everyoneintheworkplacehasadutyandaresponsibilitytodowhatevertheycantokeeptheworkingenvironmentsafe.Managersshoulddealwithemployeeconcernsaboutsafetyissuesinanappropriatemanner.1.Whatbadeffectdoesanincidenthaveaccordingtothetext?A.Thecompanymayclosedown.B.Workersmaybehardtoconcentrate.C.Thequalityofproductsmaydecline.D.Workersmayrefusetoworkagain.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthesafeworkplacefromparagraph4?A.Itcaninspireworkers'creativity.B.Itcanbringworkersahigherpay.C.Itcanputanendtoworkers,absence.D.Itcanbringtheemployermoremoney.3.Onwhatconditionwillthecustomersmoveontoanothercompanyaccordingtothetext?A.Iftheycan'tgetasaferproduct.B.Iftheyhavetowaitforalongtimetogetdeservedattention.C.Iftheyfeelthecompanycan'tprovideasaferworkplaceforthem.D.Iftheyfindthecompanyprovidesthesameproductsasothersoffer.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.HowtoCreateaSaferWorkplaceB.HowEmployeesCanProtectThemselvesC.WhySafetyIsImportantintheWorkplaceD.CompaniesAreEnsuringEmployees'Safety【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章從正反兩面論證了工作場所要有安全性的原因，一個(gè)工作單位的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和工人都有責(zé)任盡其所能保持工作環(huán)境的安全，管理者應(yīng)該以適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞教幚韱T工對(duì)安全問題的擔(dān)憂。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Evenaftertheinjuredworkerhasbeensenthomeortakentohospital,otheremployeesmaybeunfocusedorneedtotaketimeofffromworkintheresultoftheincident.(即使在受傷工人被送回家或送往醫(yī)院后，其他員工也可能會(huì)因?yàn)槭录⒁饬Σ患谢蛐枰菁佟?”可知，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)安全事故，其他員工會(huì)無法專心工作或者請(qǐng)假。故選B項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Whenaworkplaceissafe,workersfeelmorecomfortableandconfidentwhentheyareinthatenvironment.Productivitygetsapromotion,andprofitsfollowsuit.(當(dāng)一個(gè)工作場所是安全的，工人們?cè)谀莻€(gè)環(huán)境中會(huì)感到更加舒適和自信。生產(chǎn)力得到提升，利潤也隨之增長。)”可知，工作場所安全，員工會(huì)更舒適和自信，提高了生產(chǎn)力，那么也就提升了利潤，就能給雇主帶來更多的錢。故選D項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“Increasedabsencemeanslongerwaittimesandcustomersarequitepreparedtomoveontoanothercompanytheyfeelwillbeabletohelptheminamoretimelymanneriftheyarenotgettingthelevelofattentionthattheydeserve.(越來越多的缺席意味著更長的等待時(shí)間，客戶已經(jīng)做好了充分的準(zhǔn)備，如果他們得不到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，就可以轉(zhuǎn)到另一家他們認(rèn)為能夠更及時(shí)地幫助他們的公司。)”可知，長時(shí)間的等待會(huì)讓客戶認(rèn)為沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，客戶才會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)到另一家他們認(rèn)為能夠更及時(shí)地幫助他們的公司。故選B項(xiàng)。4.主旨大意題。第一段引出話題“工作場所安全”問題，第二三段講“工作場所不安全的后果”，第四五段講“工作場所安全的好處”，最后一段總結(jié)全文“要重視工作場所的安全”，可知文章從正反兩面論證了工作場所要有安全性的原因，C項(xiàng)“為什么安全在工作場所很重要”符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。2Nearly50millionAmericansspendatleast20%oftheirtimeworkinginofficesettings.Officeworkersruntheriskofwork-relatedillnessandstress.PsychologicalscientistCaseyLindbergandhisco-workerswereinterestedinexamininghowdifferenttypesofofficeenvironmentsarerelatedtoemployees'short-termhealthoutcomesandwell-being.Takingadvantageofdigitaltools,Lindbergequipped231employeesinaUSgovernmentagencywithactivitytrackersover3daysand2nights.Participantsalsodownloadedamood-monitoringappontheirsmartphonesthatquizzedthemabouttheirmoodsatdifferenttimethroughouttheday,bothatworkandathome.TheparticipantscomefromavarietyofpositionsworkinginfourdifferentofficebuildingsChoosingawiderangeofworkersandofficetypeswasimportanttotheresearchersbecauseitmeanttheirfindingscouldwidelyapplytomanytypesofworkersoutsideoftheagency.Thestudyproducedsomeresultsthatfellinlinewithpreviousfindings:Thoseemployeeswhoworkedmainlyoncomputersmovedaroundduringthedaylessthanthosewhodidn'tworkcomputer-basedjobs.Olderworkersandthosewithhigherbody-massindices(BMI)werelessactivethantheiryounger,lower-BMIcolleagues.Theresearchersalsofoundsomethingtheyhadnotexpected.Peopleworkingatlongopentableswere20%moreactivethanwerecubicleworkers,and32%moreactivethanwerepeoplewhoworkedintheirownoffices.“Itispossiblethattheopennatureofaspaceleadstoincreasedphysicalactivitybyencouragingcommunicationandmovementwhenemployeesareavailable,”Lindbergexplained.Besides,cubicle-andoffice-boundemployeeshadhigherlevelofstressbothatworkandathomeafterwork,whichcouldbecausedbyloweractivitylevels.Althoughemployeesgenerallyliketohavetheirownoffices,employersoftenprefertoconsolidateemployeestosavespaceandmoney.Soitseemsopenofficeshavealongwaytogo.5.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Tochangetheworkingpositions. B.Totestthestresslevelviaphones.C.Toworkindifferentofficesettings. D.Torecordmovementtrackandmood.6.Whichaspectofcompaniesislikelytobeinfluencedbytheresearchresult?A.Officedesign. B.Bonuspolicy. C.Workinghours. D.Locationchoice.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.OfficeWorkersSufferStressandIllnessB.OpenOfficesMakeEmployeesMoreActiveC.EmployersChangeTraditionalWorkingSettingsD.DifferentOfficeBuildingsProvideHealthBenefits【答案】5.D6.A7.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于不同類型的辦公環(huán)境與員工短期健康狀況和幸福感之間關(guān)系的研究，介紹了研究過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)開放性辦公室可以使員工更加活躍。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Participantsalsodownloadedamood-monitoringappontheirsmartphonesthatquizzedthemabouttheirmoodsatdifferenttimethroughouttheday,bothatworkandathome.(參與者還在他們的智能手機(jī)上下載了一個(gè)情緒監(jiān)測應(yīng)用程序，該應(yīng)用程序詢問他們?cè)谝惶熘械牟煌瑫r(shí)間的情緒，包括工作和在家)”可知，參與者在實(shí)驗(yàn)中被要求記錄運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡和情緒。故選D。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Peopleworkingatlongopentableswere20%moreactivethanwerecubicleworkers,and32%moreactivethanwerepeoplewhoworkedintheirownoffices.“Itispossiblethattheopennatureofaspaceleadstoincreasedphysicalactivitybyencouragingcommunicationandmovementwhenemployeesareavailable,”Lindbergexplained.Besides,cubicle-andoffice-boundemployeeshadhigherlevelofstressbothatworkandathomeafterwork,whichcouldbecausedbyloweractivitylevels.(在長開放式辦公桌前工作的人比在小隔間工作的人活躍20%，比在自己辦公室工作的人活躍32%。Lindberg解釋說：“當(dāng)員工有空的時(shí)候，通過鼓勵(lì)交流和運(yùn)動(dòng)，開放的空間可能會(huì)增加身體活動(dòng)?！贝送猓诟糸g和辦公室工作的員工在工作和下班后在家的壓力水平更高，這可能是由較低的活動(dòng)水平引起的)”可推知，公司的辦公室設(shè)計(jì)可能會(huì)受到研究結(jié)果的影響。故選A。7.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“PsychologicalscientistCaseyLindbergandhisco-workerswereinterestedinexamininghowdifferenttypesofofficeenvironmentsarerelatedtoemployees'short-termhealthoutcomesandwell-being.(心理學(xué)家CaseyLindberg和他的同事們對(duì)研究不同類型的辦公環(huán)境與員工短期健康狀況和幸福感之間的關(guān)系很感興趣)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Peopleworkingatlongopentableswere20%moreactivethanwerecubicleworkers,and32%moreactivethanwerepeoplewhoworkedintheirownoffices.(在長開放式辦公桌前工作的人比在小隔間工作的人活躍20%，比在自己辦公室工作的人活躍32%)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于不同類型的辦公環(huán)境與員工短期健康狀況和幸福感之間關(guān)系的研究，介紹了研究過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)開放性辦公室可以使員工更加活躍?？芍珺選項(xiàng)“開放式辦公室使員工更活躍”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。3Servingonlyadults,RamseyHouseoffersyouprofessionalhotelstandardsofaccommodationandfoodservicecoupledwiththefriendly,relaxedatmosphereofahigh-classnon-smokingguesthouse.SituatedwithinwalkingdistanceofStDavid's,thesmallestcityinEurope,thehousestandsinitsownattractivegardensandhasprivateoff-roadparking.Intheoppositedirection,thereiseasyaccesstothePembrokeshireCoastPath.whereyoucanseesomeofBritain'smostspectacularcoastalscenerywithitsabundantbirdlifeandwildflowers.Wehavethreedoubleandthreetwinrooms.Eachisindividuallyfurnishedanddecoratedto4-starstandardwithcomfortablebeds,centralheating,remotecontrolcolorTV,hairdryersandplentyofmirrors.Alltheroomshaveamodern,well-liten-suitebathroomwithWC,shaversocketandelectricshower.Allfirst-floorroomshaveviewsofeitherthesea,theCathedraloropencountry,andtherearethreeground-floorroomswithgardenviews,idealforguestsunabletoclimbstairs.OurfullWelshbreakfastoffersyouagreatstarttothedaywithhomemadebread,cookiesandpreserves.WecanalsopreparefreshpicniclunchesforyourdayoutwalkingtheCoastPathoronthebeaches.ThereiscomfortableloungewithlotsofbooksandleafletsaboutPembrokeshiretohelpyouplanyourtrips.Weatherpermitting,guestsmayenjoythepeaceandquietofourgardensandwatchthebirdsfeeding.Drinksareservedinboththegardenandlounge.Wealsohavesecurebicyclestorage,adryingroomandlightlaundryfacilities.NearbyaresomeofthesafestandcleanestbeachesinEuropeofferingavarietyofwatersportsincludingsailing,surfing,wind-surfingandseaangling.VisitorsarewelcomeatSt.David'sCityGolfClubandseveralotherPembrokeshireclubs.WearealsoconvenientlysituatedforeasyaccesstothebirdsanctuaryislandsofRamsey,SkomerandSkokholm.AwarmwelcomeawaitsyouatRamseyHouseallyearround.Youwillfindittheidealtouringcenterinallseasons.HouseOwners:Ceri&ElaineMorgan014377202121.8.Accordingtothepassage,St.David'sisthenameof_________.A.aBed&Breakfasthotel B.theCoastPathC.aWelshtown D.RamseyHouse9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Guestsmaycometothishousebycarorbybikewithoutparkingproblems.B.GuestshavetoeattheirlunchesoutontheCoastPathorthebeaches.C.Guestsstayinginthelowest-levelroomshaveagoodviewofthesea.D.OntheCoastPathguestscanenjoywatersportsandplaygolf.10.Whichofthefollowingtouristsmaynotbeinterestedinthisad?A.Ana,awheelchairuser,whoenjoysholidaysbythecoast.B.AmarriedcouplewithtwoyoungchildrenshowinginterestinPenbrokeshire.C.Tony,aPh.Dgraduate,whoattachesgreatimportancetotravelsafety.D.Xavier,abird-watchingenthusiast,whoknowslittleaboutthelocalarea.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了RamseyHouse旅店的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施包含旅店內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)，服務(wù)項(xiàng)目和周圍吸引游客的自然景觀，還有聯(lián)系方式，目的是吸引更多的游客。8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SituatedwithinwalkingdistanceofStDavid's,thesmallestcityinEurope,thehousestandsinitsownattractivegarden'sandhasprivateoff-roadparking.(這座房子坐落在歐洲最小的城市StDavid的步行距離內(nèi)，它坐落在自己迷人的花園中，并擁有私人越野停車場)”以及第五段中“OurfullWelshbreakfastoffersyouagreatstarttothedaywithhomemadebreadcookiesandpreserves.(我們的全套威爾士早餐為您提供自制面包餅干和蜜餞，讓您有一個(gè)美好的開始)”可知，StDavid是威爾士一個(gè)城市的名字。故選C。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SituatedwithinwalkingdistanceofStDavid's,thesmallestcityinEurope,thehousestandsinitsownattractivegarden'sandhasprivateoff-roadparking.(這座房子坐落在歐洲最小的城市StDavid的步行距離內(nèi)，它坐落在自己迷人的花園中，并擁有私人越野停車場)”以及倒數(shù)第三段中“Wealsohavesecurebicyclestorage,adryingroomandlightlaundryfacilities.(我們還有安全的自行車存放處，一個(gè)干燥室和照明洗衣設(shè)施)”可知，A選項(xiàng)“客人可以開車或騎自行車來這里，沒有停車問題”正確。故選A。10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Servingonlyadults,RamseyHouseoffersyouprofessionalhotelstandardsofaccommodationandfoodservicecoupledwiththefriendly,relaxedatmosphereofahigh-classnon-Smokingguesthouse.(只服務(wù)于成人，RamseyHouse提供您專業(yè)的酒店標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的住宿和食品服務(wù)，加上友好，輕松的氣氛，一個(gè)高級(jí)的無煙客房)”可推知，這個(gè)旅店只招待成人，而B項(xiàng)里面的夫婦帶著孩子，應(yīng)該不會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)廣告感興趣，故選B。4WhenJohnandVictoriaChurcharrivedinNewYorkfromLondonforone-yearstay,theybroughtnofurniturewiththem.Theyhadplannedeithertoliveinafurnishedapartmentortobuyusedfurniture.Buttheysoonlearnedaboutanewwayoffurnishinganapartmentorahousethatmoreandmorepeopleareusing.Therentingofhomefurnishing(furniture,dishes,andsoon)hasbecomeoneofAmerica’sfastestgrowingbusinesses.Whydopeoplerenttheirhomefurnishingsinsteadofbuyingthem?Manykindsofpeople:internationalbusinessmen,governmentofficials,airlineworkers,youngmarriedcouples…thepeoplewhosejoborbusinessmayforcethemtomovefrequentlyfromonecity(orcountry)toanother…findtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.Youngpeoplewithlittlemoneydonotwanttobuycheapfurniturethattheywillsoongrowtodislike.Theyprefertowaituntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.Meanwhile,theyrent.Andpeoplewhoseworktakesthemfromplacetoplacearesavedthetroubleandcostofmovingtheirfurnitureeachtime.Theysimplyrentnewfurniturewhentheyreachtheirnewhome.Onefamily,nowsettledinalarge,beautifulhome,likedtheirrentedfurnituresomuchthattheydecidedtokeeprentingitinsteadofbuyingnewthings.Buttheydon’tliketotellpeopleaboutit.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew,andtheyarenotsurewhattheirneighborsmightthink.11.Whydopeoplerenttheirhomefurnishingsinsteadofbuyingthem?A.Theyhavetomovefrequentlyfromoneplacetoanotherbecauseoftheirwork.B.Youngpeoplearenotrichenoughtobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.C.Theycansavethetroubleandcostofmovingtheirfurniture.D.Alloftheabove.12.Whichofthefollowingpeoplelikerentingofhomefurnishings?A.Airhostesses. B.Doctors. C.Teachers. D.Lawyers.13.Whydoesn’tthefamilywhichmovedinalarge,beautifulhomewantpeopletoknowthis?A.Theydon’thavemoneytobuynewones.B.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew.C.Theyaresuretheirneighborswillnotliketheirdoing.D.Theydon’twanttohavetheirneighborslookdownuponthem.14.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.RentorBuy B.YouCanDoWhateverYouLikeC.BetterNotBuy D.BetterNotRent【答案】11.D12.A13.B14.C【解析】本文為說明文。文章說明了租賃家具的快速發(fā)展以及租賃家具的好處。11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Manykindsofpeople…findtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.（許多人......發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以租到比他們能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的質(zhì)量更好的家具）”和“Theyprefertowaituntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.（他們寧愿等到他們有足夠的錢去買他們真正喜歡的家具）”以及“Andpeoplewhoseworktakesthemfromplacetoplacearesavedthetroubleandcostofmovingtheirfurnitureeachtime.（而那些因工作需要他們從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方的人每次都省去了搬家具的麻煩和費(fèi)用）”可知，人們租家具而不是買家具的原因是因?yàn)楣ぷ鞯年P(guān)系，他們不得不頻繁地從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方；并且年輕人沒有足夠的錢去買他們真正喜歡的家具，以及他們可以省去搬家具的麻煩和費(fèi)用。故選D項(xiàng)。12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Manykindsofpeople:internationalbusinessmen,governmentofficials,airlineworkers,youngmarriedcouples…thepeoplewhosejoborbusinessmayforcethemtomovefrequentlyfromonecitytoanother…findtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.（許多人：國際商人、政府官員、航空公司工作人員、年輕的夫婦……那些工作或生意可能迫使他們頻繁地從一個(gè)城市搬到另一個(gè)城市的人……發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以租到比他們能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的質(zhì)量更好的家具）”可知，航空公司工作人員喜歡租家具。A項(xiàng)“Airhostesses空姐”符合。故選A項(xiàng)。13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Buttheydon’tliketotellpeopleaboutit.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew,andtheyarenotsurewhattheirneighborsmightthink.（但他們不喜歡告訴別人。租家具的想法仍然很新穎，他們不知道鄰居們會(huì)怎么想）”可知，租家具的想法仍然很新穎，他們不知道鄰居會(huì)對(duì)租賃家具有什么樣的看法，因而選擇不告訴鄰居們，不告訴別人。故選B項(xiàng)。14.主旨大意題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)第一段“TherentingofhomefurnishinghasbecomeoneofAmerica’sfastestgrowingbusinesses.（租家具已經(jīng)成為美國發(fā)展最快的行業(yè)之一）”以及第二段說明有哪些人喜歡租家具，為什么租賃家具，租賃家具的好處，可知文章說明了租賃家具的快速發(fā)展以及租賃家具的好處。C項(xiàng)“BetterNotBuy（最好不要購買）”提倡租賃而不是購買家具，符合文章的主題。故選C項(xiàng)。5Mostcityparksareplaceswhereyoucanescapefrombig,uglystructuresofmetalandstone.TheManhattanHighLineisdifferent.Raised25feetabovetheground,thislargemetalstructureoncesupportedarailline.Thelineopenedin1934tobringtrainsdirectlyintofactories.Itwashardlyusedafterthe1960s,andmuchofitwastorndown.However,onepartremainedinaregionofManhattancalledChelsea.Chelseawasbecominghigh-classasrestaurants,artgalleriesandapartmentswerebuilt,buttheuglyrailwaystructureremainedasadeadweight.Everyoneknewthatatsometime,itwouldhavetoberemoved.ButtheHighLinewasnotdestroyed.Infact,nowtheoldraillineservesasoneofthemostpeacefulplacesinthecity,Itholdsanelevatedpark,withbeautifulgardensandgreatviewsofthecity.TheideatoturntheraillineintoaparkcamefromJoshuaDavidandRobertHammond.In1999,theyattendedameetingtodecidehowtodealwiththeHighLine.DavidandHammondweretheonlypeopleatthemeetinginterestedinsavingthehistoricalstructure.Lateron,whentheyaskedrailwayofficialstotakethemuptolookattheHighLine,theysawamileandahallofwildflowergrowinginthemiddleofthecity,andtheyrealizedthattheHighLinehadpotentialtobecomeapark.Therewasgrowinginterestinimprovingcitycenters,andsotheprojectquicklydevelopedandmoneyforconstructionwaseasilycollected.ThefirstpartoftheHighLineopenedin2009andimmediatelybecamepopularwithtouristsandlocalsalike.Eachpartoftheparkhasadifferentatmosphere.Someareasarelikebalconies(陽臺(tái))withwonderfulcityviews.Wheretheraillinegoesbetweenbuildings,treesarethicklyplaned.Othersectionshavewidelawns(草坪)andwalkwaysplanedwithwildflowers.Onlythefinalsectionremainsthewayithasbeenforthelastfiftyyears.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Closingatrainline. B.Improvingcitytransport.C.Protectionofculturalrelics. D.Anunlikelyplaceforapark.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“adeadweight”inparagraph1mean?A.somethingwithhistoricalinterestB.somethingwithpotentialtobebetterC.somethingwhichisadangertopeopleD.somethinguselesswhichslowsprogress.17.WhydidDavidandHammondoriginallywanttosavetheHighLine?A.Theywantedtoreopenthetrainline.B.Theythoughtithadhistoricalvalue.C.Theywereinterestedinimprovingthecity.D.Theythoughtitwouldbecomeagoodpark.18.WhywerepeopleeasilypersuadedbyDavidandHammond’sidea?A.Theywantedtomakecitiesnicerplaces.B.Theywantedtoseethewildflowers,too.C.Theyknewtheprojectwouldbringinmuchmoney.D.TheyrealizedtheHighLinewashistoricallyimportant.19.WhatcanwelearnabouttheHighLinefromthetext?A.Onlypartofthelineremains.B.Therailwaycompaniesstillusetheline.C.Itbegantobecomepopularinthe1960.D.ItwasdesignedbyDavidandHammond.【答案】15.D16.D17.B18.A19.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Manhattan的一條廢棄的鐵軌線路被設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)特殊的公園的過程。15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ButtheHighLinewasnotdestroyed.Infact,nowtheoldraillineservesasoneofthemostpeacefulplacesinthecity,Itholdsanelevatedpark,withbeautifulgardensandgreatviewsofthecity.（但是高架鐵路并沒有被摧毀。事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)在這條老鐵路線是這個(gè)城市最安靜的地方之一，它有一個(gè)高架公園，有美麗的花園和城市的美景。將鐵路線變成公園的想法來自約書亞·大衛(wèi)和羅伯特·哈蒙德。）”可知，文章介紹了Manhattan的一條廢棄的鐵軌線路被設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)特殊的公園的過程。所以短文主要是關(guān)于一個(gè)不太可能的地方被建成了公園。故選D。16.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句話“Everyoneknewthatatsometime,itwouldhavetoberemoved.（每個(gè)人都知道，總有一天，它會(huì)被移除。）”可知，adeadweight是沒有用的，影響發(fā)展的東西，所以很多人認(rèn)為有一天會(huì)將它除掉。故選D。17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“DavidandHammondweretheonlypeopleatthemeetinginterestedinsavingthehistoricalstructure.（戴維和哈蒙德是會(huì)議上唯一有興趣拯救這座歷史建筑的人。）”可知，他們認(rèn)為它有歷史價(jià)值。故選B。18.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Lateron,whentheyaskedrailwayofficialstotakethemuptolookattheHighLine,…andsotheprojectquicklydevelopedandmoneyforconstructionwaseasilycollected.（后來，當(dāng)他們要求鐵路官員帶他們上去看高架線時(shí)，他們看到了一英里范圍內(nèi)的野花生長在城市的中部，他們意識(shí)到高架線有潛力成為一個(gè)公園。人們對(duì)改善市中心的興趣越來越大，因此該項(xiàng)目迅速發(fā)展，建設(shè)資金也很容易籌集到。）”可知，為什么人們很容易被大衛(wèi)和哈蒙德的想法說服是因?yàn)樗麄兿胱尦鞘凶兊酶篮?。故選A。19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Onlythefinalsectionremainsthewayithasbeenforthelastfiftyyears.（只有最后一部分還保持著過去50年的樣子。）”可知，這條線只剩下一部分。故選A。6Likemostcouples,myhusbandandIdreamedofbecominghomeowners.Sure,apartmentlivingcomeswithitsownsetofadvantages—lesshousework,sharedcomfort,lesstocleanupandcarefor,andusuallycheaperrent.Asaresult,wedecidedtodowngradefromourneatfive-bedroom,2,700-square-foothouseonthewatertoathree-bedroom,1,369-square-footapartment,withtwokids.Oncewearrivedinournewapartment,weweresurprisedtofindthatthingsflowedrelativelysmoothly.Therewassomuchlesstokeepupwith—fewerfloorstomop,fewerwindowstoclean,fewerwallstowipe,etc.NowIthinkofourhomeasourlittleplayhouse,sinceit'smuchsmallerandeverythingisclosertogether.Thatalsomakesitsomucheasierformetokeepupwithasamom.Icollectlaundryallononefloorcomparingwithhavingtoclimbstairstothehouse'ssecondfloor!Inournewhome,weuselotsofshoeorganizersinsideofeveryclosetdoorformorethanjustshoes—babyitems,officeitems,andmedicines.Wealsohaveafunctionalroomthatservesasanofficeandgym.SincebothmyhusbandandIworkfromhome,werequireatleastoneroomtoshareasanofficewithfitnessequipmentfittedintoacorner.Whilemanypeoplechoosetodownsizeforfinancialreasons,thatactuallywasn'tafactorinourdecision.Wewantedtobeinalivelyareawithlike-mindedyoungfamilies.Thatwasourfirstpriority.Thoughwemaystillbuyanotherhouseinthisareaatsomepointdowntheline,fornow,we'rethrilledwiththeconceptofrentinganapartment.Letmeputitthisway:We’renotreallythe“handy”types,sobeingabletocallmaintenance(維修)foranyrepairsiswortheveryrentcoin!20.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Ouroldhousewasupgraded. B.Livinginahousehasadvantages.C.Ournewapartmentwasdownsized. D.Smallersizemeansmorehousework.21.Howdothecouplefeelaboutthenewapartment?A.Confused. B.Amazed. C.Tired. D.Challenged.22.Whydothecouplemakechangestotheirnewhome?A.Tobuilduptheirbody. B.Tocreateahomeoffice.C.Toenlargealltherooms. D.Tomakefulluseofspace.23.Whatisthecouple’sfirstconcernwhenmoving?A.Transportation. B.Neighbourhood.C.Repairwork. D.Money.【答案】20.C21.B22.D23.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者從一個(gè)比較大公寓搬進(jìn)小型公寓的原因。20.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Likemostcouples,myhusbandandIdreamedofbecominghomeowners.Sure,apartmentlivingcomeswithitsownsetofadvantages—lesshousework,sharedcomfort,lesstocleanupandcarefor,andusuallycheaperrent.Asaresult,wedecidedtodowngradefromourneatfive-bedroom,2,700-square-foothouseonthewatertoathree-bedroom,1,369-square-footapartment,withtwokids.”（像大多數(shù)夫妻一樣，我丈夫和我都?jí)粝胫鴵碛凶约旱姆孔印．?dāng)然，公寓生活有它自己的優(yōu)勢——少家務(wù)，共享舒適，不用打掃和照顧，通常租金更便宜。因此，我們決定把這幢整潔的、有五間臥室、2700平方英尺的水上住宅降級(jí)為一套帶兩個(gè)孩子的、有三間臥室、1369平方英尺的公寓。）可知，作者的公寓變小了。故選C項(xiàng)。21.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Oncewearrivedinournewapartment,weweresurprisedtofindthatthingsflowedrelativelysmoothly.Therewassomuchlesstokeepupwith—fewerfloorstomop,fewerwindowstoclean,fewerwallstowipe,etc.NowIthinkofourhomeasourlittleplayhouse,sinceit'smuchsmallerandeverythingisclosertogether.Thatalsomakesitsomucheasierformetokeepupwithasamom.Icollectlaundryallononefloorcomparingwithhavingtoclimbstairstothehouse'ssecondfloor!”（我們一到新公寓，就驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都還算順利。要擦的地板少了，要擦的窗戶少了，要擦的墻壁也少了，等等?，F(xiàn)在我覺得我們的家就像我們的小玩具屋，因?yàn)樗纫郧靶〉枚?，而且所有東西都靠得更近。這也讓我更容易跟上作為一個(gè)母親的步伐。比起爬樓梯到房子的第二層，我在同一層收集所有的衣服!）可推知，作者夫妻兩對(duì)新公寓大為驚奇，認(rèn)為很適合他們。故選B項(xiàng)。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Inournewhome,weuselotsofshoeorganizersinsideofeveryclosetdoorformorethanjustshoes—babyitems,officeitems,andmedicines.Wealsohaveafunctionalroomthatservesasanofficeandgym.SincebothmyhusbandandIworkfromhome,werequireatleastoneroomtoshareasanofficewithfitnessequipmentfittedintoacorner.”（在我們的新家中，我們?cè)诿總€(gè)壁櫥門內(nèi)使用大量的鞋子整理器，而不僅僅是鞋子——嬰兒用品，辦公用品和藥品。我們還設(shè)有一間用作辦公室和健身房的多功能室。由于我和丈夫都在家工作，因此我們至少需要一個(gè)房間作為辦公室共享，角落里裝有健身器材。）可知，作者夫妻對(duì)新家做出改變主要是為了充分利用空間。故選D項(xiàng)。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whilemanypeoplechoosetodownsizeforfinancialreasons,thatactuallywasn'tafactorinourdecision.Wewantedtobeinalivelyareawithlike-mindedyoungfamilies.Thatwasourfirstpriority.”（盡管許多人出于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因選擇縮小規(guī)模，但這實(shí)際上并不是我們做出決定的因素。我們希望與志趣相投的年輕家庭一起生活在一個(gè)熱鬧的地區(qū)。那是我們的首要任務(wù)。）可知，搬家時(shí)，作者夫婦首先關(guān)心的是希望能和志趣相投的年輕家庭一起生活在一個(gè)熱鬧的地區(qū)。故選B項(xiàng)。7StopinforlunchatDrexell&Honeybee's15-tablerestaurantandyou'llfindamenufilledwithdown-homecooking:beefandpotatoes,chickenanddumplings,andmacandcheese.Whatyouwon'tfindonthemenu:prices.AtDrexell&Honeybee's,customerspaywhattheywant-orwhattheycan.Theyleavetheirmoneyinadonationboxnearthedoor.Theboxisbehindascreen(屏幕)thatseparatesitfromtherestoftheroom,soifyoucan'tpayforyourmealtoday-asmanypeopleinthispoortownoftencan't-nobodywillknow,andmoreimportantly,nobodywilljudge.Howmuchacustomerpaysmaybedifferent,butitalmostalwayscomeswiththanks."TodayIwasn'tabletoeatandyouguyshelpedme,”onecustomerwroteinathank-younote.“Thankyouforbringingblessing(福祉)tothistownandme.”Insidethenoteweretwentycents.“Wewanttobethatbeaconoflighttosomeoneinneed,”saysLisaThomas-McMillan,whoopenedtherestaurantwithherhusband,FreddieMcMillan,lastyear."Wemightnotbeabletopullitallout,butwe'regoingtotrytohelpyouinsomekindofway.”TheentiretownofBrewtonhasralliedbehindthem.Localsbringinhomegrownvegetables,andtwofar