中西文化鑒賞 通識課課件 7.5 西方戲劇

中西文化鑒賞AppreciationofChineseandWesternCulturesUnit7Opera&Drama（戲曲與戲劇）課程信息章節(jié)教學(xué)目標(biāo)AppreciationofChineseandWesternCultures中西文化鑒賞Unit7Opera&Drama（戲曲與戲?。┪幕卣顾颊成湔鹿?jié)主題Focusofthisunit

Opera&Drama（戲曲與戲劇）Thetypes,featuresandaestheticsofChineseandwesternoperaanddrama中西戲曲和戲劇的分類、特征以及美學(xué)知識能力思政abilitygoals

ideologicalandpoliticaleducationgoals

tolearnsystematicallyChineseculturalknowledge系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)中國文化知識toimprovecross-culturalcommunicationskills提高跨文化交際能力tounderstandthespiritualcoreoftheChinesenationreflectedinculturalthemes領(lǐng)會文化主題反映出的中華民族精神內(nèi)核knowledgegoals

KnowledgegoalstolearntheoriginsandstylesandEnglishexpressionsrelatedtoChineseandwesternoperaanddrama掌握中西戲曲與戲劇起源、類型及相關(guān)術(shù)語的英語表達(dá)AbilitygoalstobeabletocommunicateaccuratelyonculturaltopicsinEnglish能夠使用英語就文化主題進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確溝通和交流Ideologicalandpoliticaleducationgoalstolearntheorigin,history,inheritanceanddevelopmentofChineseoperaandunderstandthetraditionalChineseaethetics通過學(xué)習(xí)中國戲曲的起源、歷史、傳承與發(fā)展，領(lǐng)會中華傳統(tǒng)美學(xué)ExperiencethebreadthanddepthofChinesetraditionalopera,andenhancenationalprideandculturalself-confidence體會中國傳統(tǒng)戲曲藝術(shù)的博大精深，增強(qiáng)民族自豪感與文化自信7.5WesternDrama（西方戲?。㎜ead-in（導(dǎo)入）：Brainstorming（頭腦風(fēng)暴）:

Q1:CanyounamesomewellknownmodernWesterndramas?

7.5.1OriginofWesternDramaTwoVersionsoftheOriginof

WesternDramaLiteraryversionFromtheperspectiveofliterature，itderivedfromthelyricalperformanceofepicpoetry.

ReligiousversionFromtheperspectiveofreligion,itoriginatedfromtheritualsperformedintheworshipof

Dionysos(

酒神狄俄尼索斯)

.

Dionysos:theGodofGrapevines

andWine

TheDevelopmentofWesternDramaAncientGreekdrama古希臘戲劇Medievaldrama中世紀(jì)戲劇Renaissancedrama文藝復(fù)興戲劇Classicaldrama古典主義戲劇Romanticdrama浪漫主義戲劇Moderndrama現(xiàn)代戲劇AncientGreekDramaMedievaldrama

RenaissanceDramaClassicaldrama

Romanticdrama

Moderndrama

7.5.2AncientGreekDrama

1)ClassificationofAncientGreekDramaTragedy悲劇Satyr-play羊人劇Comedy喜劇TheRelationshipAmongtheThreeGenresItisGreektragedythatledtoGreekcomedyandbyrepresentingtheserioussubjectmatteroftragediesincomicways,satyrplayslinkedtragedywithcomedy.

2)FeaturesofAncientGreekDrama

FeatureI：

TheUnitiesofTime，PlaceandAction

Theplotusuallytookplacewithinonlyoneday.Thelocationdidnotchange.Therewasonlyonemainplot.Feature2:CostumesandMasksActorsusedthick-soledbootstolooktaller,andsometimesworebrightlycoloredglovestoenabletheaudiencetorecognizetheirgestures.AncientGreekdramausedmaskstorepresentthedivisionbetweencomedyandtragedy.

CostumesMasksFeature3:

TheNumberofActorsTheInitialMeaningof“Actors”

Theword"actors"means“respondents”originally,whichrefertotheirroleinthedialoguebetweenactorsandchorus.FormationofThreeActorsThespisandthe

FirstActorAeschylusandtheSecondActor

SophoclesandtheThirdActor

3)RepresentativePlaywrightsandTheirMasterpieces

ThreeFamousPlaywrightsoftheGreekTragedyAeschylus埃斯庫羅斯Sophocles索?？死账笶uripides歐里庇得斯

Aeschylus埃斯庫羅斯Sophocles索福克勒斯Euripides歐里庇得斯Aeschylus’RepresentativeWorksPrometheusBound

（《被縛的普羅米修斯》）Agamemnon(《阿加門農(nóng)》）PrometheusBoundAgamemnonSophocles’RepresentativeWorks索?？死账勾碜髌稟ntigone

《安提戈涅》OedipustheKing《俄狄浦斯王》TheWomenofTrāchis《特拉斯基少女》AntigoneOedipustheKingTheWomenofTrāchisEuripides’RepresentativeWork歐里庇得斯代表作品Medeia《美狄亞》MedeiaTheOutstandingComicPlaywrightinAncientGreeceAristophanesandHisRepresentativeWorks

阿里斯托芬代表作品TheFrogs

《蛙》TheBirds《鳥》Clouds《云》

4)AppreciationofOedipustheKing

5)LegacyofAncientGreekDrama

AncientGreekdramaprovidenotonlyresources,butinspirationsforsubsequentplaywrights.InternationalFestivalofAncientGreekDramaisheldonceayeartoencouragepeopletoadaptandre-performclassicsofancientGreekdrama.7.5.3WesternClassicDramasinRenaissance1)TheBackgroundDefinitionofRenaissanceBirthplaceofRenaissanceSignificanceofRenaissanceLiteratureofRenaissanceDefinitionofRenaissance

Renaissancereferstotherebirthofliterature,artandlearning.BirthplaceofRenaissance

ItoriginatedinFlorence,Italy.文藝復(fù)興發(fā)源地：意大利的弗洛倫薩SignificanceofRenaissance

MarkingtheendoftheMiddleAgesandthebeginningofthemodernWesternworldWitnessingatransformationfromLatinliteraturetovernacularliterature（見證了拉丁文學(xué)向本土文學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變）

2)WilliamShakespeareandHisMasterpieces

FourClassificationsof

Shakespeare’sPlays

ComediesHistoricplaysTragediesLegendaryplaysTheFourMasterpiecesofShakespeare'sComedyAMidsummerNight’sDream《仲夏夜之夢》TheMerchantofVenice《威尼斯商人》AsYouLikeit

《皆大歡喜》TheTwelfthNight《第十二夜》AMidsummerNight’sDreamTheMerchantofVeniceAsYouLikeitTheTwelfthNightTheFourMasterpiecesofTragedyHamlet《哈姆萊特》

Othello《奧賽羅》KingLear《李爾王》Macbeth《麥克白》Hamlet

OthelloKingLearMacbeth

3)TheThemeandStyleTheThemeandStyleComedyPortrayingyoungpeoplefreedfromfeudalfettersSingingoftheiryouth,loveandidealofhappiness.TragedyPortrayingsomenobleheroesExposingtheinjusticeofhumanlife

4)AppreciationofHamlet

SummaryWelearnedthatwesterndramaoriginatedfromancientGreektragedy.WeknewthethreeclassificationsofancientGreekdrama:tragedy,satyr-playandcomedy.WeappreciatedmasterpiecesofrepresentativeplaywrightsbothinancientGreeceandinRenaissance.

7.5.4ModernWesternDrama

1)TheBackground

VariousSchoolsofWesternModernDramaSymbolism（象征主義）Expressionism（印象主義）Futurism（未來主義）Surrealism（超現(xiàn)實主義）Existentialism（存在主義）Absurdism(荒誕主義）

2)ModernWesternDramatistsandTheirMasterpieces

HenrikIbsenandHisMasterpieceHenrikIbsenTheImportanceofHenrikIbsenThefatherof

realismThefoundersof

modernism

ThemostfrequentlyperformeddramatistintheworldafterShakespeareADoll'sHouseSignificanceofADoll'sHouseItexposedtheconflictbetweenthepatriarchalsocietyandwomen'sliberationItchallengedthereligion,lawandmoralityofthebourgeoissocietyItencouragedpeople,especiallywomen,tobreakfreefromtheshacklesoftraditionalideasandfightforfreedomandequality.EugeneO'NeillandHisMasterpieceEugeneO'NeillTheImportanceofEugeneO'NeillThewinneroffo