自考課程二第七單元

Unit7

LeisureandLeadershipSomequestionsforyou:

1.Areyousatisfiedwithyourcurrent?Why?2.Whatisyourideallifeinfuture?orwhatdoyouthinklifeshouldbe?3.Howdoyouthinkof“qualityoflife〞?4.Doyouthink“l(fā)eisure〞isanecessarypartinlife?

1.Observationsandresearchfindingsindicatethatpeopleinadvancedindustrialsocietiesareincreasinglyconcernedwithopportunitiesforleisureandwhattheycandointheirleisuretime.譯：觀察與研究的結(jié)果說明，生活在先進(jìn)的工業(yè)化社會(huì)的人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)心休閑的時(shí)機(jī)和休閑時(shí)的活動(dòng)。beconcernedwith:關(guān)于，涉及…關(guān)心，關(guān)切…

e.g.ThebookisprimarilyconcernedwithSoviet-AmericanrelationsduringtheColdWar.Theyaremoreconcernedwithhowthewomenhaddressed.2.Theimportancepeopleattachtopaidholidaysandtherapiddevelopmentofservicesformassentertainmentandrecreationaresignsofthisincreasingconcern.譯：人們對(duì)帶薪休假的重視和群眾娛樂效勞的迅速開展是他們對(duì)這一問題日益關(guān)注的標(biāo)志。attachimportance/significance/value/weighttosth.認(rèn)為…有重要性/意義/價(jià)值/有分量satisfaction:n.滿意，滿足alook/smileofsatisfactionsatisfy:v.〔使〕滿意，滿足tosatisfysb’shunger/curiositysatisfying:adj.令人滿足的，令人滿意的asatisfyingmealsatisfied:adj.滿意的，滿足的besatisfiedwithasatisfiedsmile/customersatisfactory:adj.令人滿意的，可以的，適宜的asatisfactoryexplanationsatisfaction/satisfy/satisfactory/satisfying/satisfieda.Tothe

ofeverybody,thedirectorrelaxedhisthreateningattitude.b.Thecustomerseemedtobe

.c.Thechild’sintelligenceis

forhisage.d.Socialismistofully

thematerialandspiritualneedsofthepeople.e.Theopenedpupilisusuallyassociatedwithpleasant,

experiences.satisfactionsatisfiedsatisfactorysatisfysatisfying5.Asactivitycarriedoutasonethinksfitduringone’ssparetime,leisurehasthefollowingfunctions:relaxation,recreationandentertainment,andpersonaldevelopment.譯：作為休閑時(shí)進(jìn)行的自認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)幕顒?dòng)，它有以下功能：放松、娛樂、個(gè)人開展。

relaxation:n.放松,休閑；減輕；休閑活動(dòng)

relax:v.放松，休息

relaxed:adj.放松的，冷靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的

relaxing:adj.令人放松的，輕松的

e.g.a

drink/walkJust

andenjoythemovie.Heappeared

beforethematch.relaxingrelaxrelaxed6.Thus,peoplewhoneedtoexertmuchenergyintheirworkwillfindrelaxationmostdesirableinleisure.Thosewithabettereducationandinprofessionaloccupationsmaytendmoretoseekrecreationandpersonaldevelopmentinleisure.譯：因此，工作中需要付出很多精力的人覺得休閑是能得到放松最為理想，而受過良好教育、從事專門工作的人可能更趨向于休閑時(shí)尋求娛樂和個(gè)人開展。

desire:v&n.愿望，欲望，渴望

desireforsth;desiretodosth.astrongdesireforpowerIhavenodesiretodiscussthematterfurther.Wealldesirehealthandhappiness.Fewerpeopledesiretoliveinthenorthofthecountry.desirable:adj.可取的，值得擁有的/做的

Itisdesirablethatinterestratesshouldbereduced.desirability:n.值得擁有的事，值得做的事Noonequestionsthedesirabilityofcheaperfares.

desire/desirable/desirabilityNobodydoubtsthe

ofgoodhealth.His

werenotgreat.Apeacefullifewaswhathewanted.Somereasonableadjustmentsseem

.

desirabilitydesiresdesirableoccupation:n.職業(yè)，工作；侵占，占領(lǐng)；居住，使用occupy:v.使用，居??；侵占，占領(lǐng)occupant:n.(房屋、建筑等)使用者,居住者

(汽車等內(nèi)的)乘坐者,占用者(exercise)

occupation/occupant/occupya.Muchoftheterritoryisstillunderenemy

.b.He

animportantpositioninthegovernment.c.The

willnotpayrentandmustbeforcedtomoveout.occupationoccupiesoccupantTranslationofParagraph4:

譯：對(duì)休閑的具體利用因人而異。即使是同一休閑運(yùn)動(dòng)，不同人的利用方式也不同。因此，人們可以按下述方式利用看電視這一最常見的休閑活動(dòng)：改變感受來“逃避〞工作壓力與緊張；更多了解自己周圍正在發(fā)生的一切；通過比照電視節(jié)目中描繪的別人的生活經(jīng)歷為了解自己提供一個(gè)時(shí)機(jī)。8.Inanurbansocietyinwhichhighlystructured,fast-pacedandstressfulworkloomslargeinlife,experiencesofadifferentnature,beittelevisionwatchingorbird-watching,canleadtoaself-renewalandamore“balanced〞wayoflife.譯：在城市社會(huì)中，工作安排緊密、節(jié)奏迅速、充滿壓力，它籠罩著人們的生活，而另一種性質(zhì)的體驗(yàn)，不管是看電視還是看鳥，都能導(dǎo)致自我更新和更加“平衡〞的生活方式。9.Sinceleisureisbasicallyself-determined,oneisabletotaketoone’sinterestsandpreferencesandgetinvolvedinanactivityinwaysthatwillbringenjoymentandsatisfaction.

譯:由于休閑根本上是自己決定的事，個(gè)人就可以培養(yǎng)自己的興趣和愛好，并以能為自己帶來享受和滿足的方式從事某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。10.Ourlikesanddislikes,tastesandpreferencesthatunderlieourchoicesofsuchactivitiesasreadingbooks,goingtothecinema,camping,orcertainculturalpursuits,areallrelatedtosocialcontextsandlearningexperiences.

譯：我們的喜愛和厭惡、興趣和偏好決定我們選擇這樣的活動(dòng)，如讀書、看電影、露營獲知某些文化追求，所有這些都與社會(huì)背景和學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷有關(guān)。underlie:v.支撐，構(gòu)成〔理論、政策、行為等〕的根底u(yù)nderlay;underlain;underlyingCarefulplanningunderliesallmydecisions.Whatunderlieshislackofinterestinwork?11.Weacquireinterestsinavarietyofthingsandsubjectsfromourfamilies,schools,jobs,andthemassmedia.譯：我們從家庭、學(xué)習(xí)、工作和群眾傳媒中養(yǎng)成了對(duì)不同事情、不同問題的興趣。acquire:v.獲得，得到，習(xí)得ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.12.Basically,suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisureisanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatleisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.譯：根本上說，上述態(tài)度等于成認(rèn)休閑是生活的一個(gè)重要方面和相信休閑應(yīng)該得到很好。put…to(good)use:把…投入使用,利用,使用recognition:認(rèn)出，成認(rèn)，公認(rèn)recognize/se:v.認(rèn)出,區(qū)分出；意識(shí)到,公認(rèn)Irecognizedhimassoonashecameintheroom.recognizable:adj.容易認(rèn)出的，易于識(shí)別的Aftersomanyyearsshewasstillrecognizable.a.Thedeadwoman’sfacehadbeenbeatenoutofallshape.b.Thecityhaschangedbeyond.c.HewassomuchchangedthatIcouldhardlyhim.recognizablerecognitionrecognized13.Professionalworkersinrecreationservices,too,willfindthattoimpartpositiveleisureattitudestothegeneralpublicisessentialformotivatingthemtousetheirleisureincreativeandsatisfyingways.譯：從事娛樂業(yè)的專業(yè)工作者也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，培養(yǎng)群眾積極的休閑態(tài)度對(duì)促使他們創(chuàng)造性地和滿意地利用閑暇時(shí)間十分必要。motivate:作為…的動(dòng)機(jī)，激發(fā)n.motivation動(dòng)機(jī)

positive:adj.積極的，肯定的；明確的，確實(shí)的；陽性的，正的

Whocangivemeapositiveanswer?Iwonderifhegavepositiveinstructions.Thetestispositive.練習(xí):他在糾正學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤時(shí)總是采取積極的態(tài)度。Healwaysadoptspositiveattitudewhencorrectingstudents’mistakes.14.Hence,itcanbearguedthatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontextsarealllikelytohaveexertedsomeinfluenceinshapingourattitudes,interestsandevenskillsrelevanttohowwehandleleisure.

譯：因此，可以認(rèn)為，我們?cè)诓煌h(huán)境中接觸的人都可能在形成我們的態(tài)度、興趣和甚至如何處理閑暇時(shí)間等技巧方面產(chǎn)生影響。relevant:adj.1.與…有關(guān)的(to)2.貼切的，中肯的Allevidencerelevanttothecaseshouldbegatheredandanalyzed.Thisisarelevantquestion.練習(xí)：他的膚色與他是否是個(gè)好律師無關(guān)。Hiscolorisn’trelevanttow