2024版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)教材復(fù)習(xí)Unit1ScienceFiction教師用書新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

Unit1ScienceFictionⅠ．詞塊記單詞1．withdignity有尊嚴地；彬彬有禮2．a(chǎn)bigsalary高工資3．dismissTony解雇托尼，讓托尼離開4．onadailyorweeklybasis每天或每周5．chairwomanofthestudentunion學(xué)生會女主席6．becomesuperior變得更好7．fetchsomething去拿東西8．mypacegrowsfaster我的速度變得更快9．lookattherandomthings看看這些隨機閃現(xiàn)的東西10．a(chǎn)tmaximumspeed以最高的速度11．a(chǎn)dmireone'swisdomandintegrity欽佩某人的智慧和正直。12．suspendfromtheceiling吊在天花板上Ⅱ．語境記單詞1．Hewasappointedasheadmasterandwantedtotellhisgirlfriendthegoodnewsattheappointedtime,butshemissedtheirappointmentsomehow．(appoint)2．I'dliketocarrylessguiltaroundconstantly．Ialwaysfeelguiltyfornoreason．(guilt)3．Thepeopleinthecoloniesdeclaredthattheywouldformtheirownstateandfinallysignedadeclarationofindependence．(declare)4．Shecalculatedthetotalnumberusingthecalculatorandittookhertwohourstocompletethecalculation．(calculate)5．Shedividedtheapplesamongthekidsandthedivisionwasquitefair．(divide)6．Realisingtherewasanurgentneedforfood,waterandmedicineinthedisasterareaandtheurgencyofmakingeverythingreturntonormal,thegovernmenttookmeasuresimmediatelytodealwiththeserioussituation．(urge)7．Abombexplodedinthecentreofthecityandtheexplosionkilledmorethan100people．(explode)Ⅲ．語境記短語1．TheyopenedasinglesportswearstoreinEuropetotestout(檢驗)themarket．2．Taskreportsaresubmittedbydevelopersonaweeklybasis(以周為單位)．3．Thehousefellaway(消失)asweleftthecity．4．EventhestudentswhousedtodislikeEnglishhaveturnedout(結(jié)果是)tobeinterestedinthesubject．5．Theiropinionontheaccidentconflictedwith(與……沖突)ours．6．Alantookover(接管)thefarmwhenhisfatherdied．7．Thecoupleconsiderthemselvessuperiorto(優(yōu)于)mostotherpeople,althoughtheymaynotsayso．8．Wehaveanurgeto(有強烈的欲望)giveadviceimmediatelytomakethepersonfeelbetterortrytofixtheproblem．9．Theopeningspeechessoundedmorelike(更像是)declarationsofwarthanofferingsofpeace．10．Annelooksattheprosandcons(事物的利與弊)ofmakingchangestoyourproperty．Ⅳ．公式練句型1．這位老年人走路好像醉了似的。(asif引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)Theoldmanwalksasifheweredrunk．2．不是你被給予了什么而是你如何利用它才決定著你是誰。(強調(diào)句)Itisnotwhatyouaregivenbuthowyoumakeuseofitthatdetermineswhoyouare．3．這是我的關(guān)于如何增強你和其他人交流能力的建議。(全部倒裝)Herearemytipsonhowtostrengthenyourabilitytocommunicatewithothers．4．現(xiàn)在坐下來讓自己舒服些。你一定很累了。(make＋賓語＋賓語補足語)Nowsitdownandmakeyourselfcomfortable．Youmustbeverytired．5．很顯然，人工智能正在重塑我們的生活。(It＋be＋adj．＋that從句)Itisobviousthatartificialintelligenceisreshapingourlives．1．declarevt．表明；宣稱；公布；宣布[素養(yǎng)佳句]Hedeclaredhisintentiontobecomethebestgolferintheworld．他表明了要成為世界上最佳高爾夫球手的意愿。(1)declarewaron向……宣戰(zhàn)declareindependence/bankruptcy宣布獨立/破產(chǎn)declare...(tobe/as)...宣布……成為……declarefor/against表示贊成/反對Itisdeclaredthat...(有人)宣布；據(jù)宣稱……(2)declarationn．聲稱；聲明——單句語法填空①Theaccusedmanwasdeclaredtobe(be)guiltybythecourt．②Iwasannoyedinthatperiodandstoppedpractising,declaring(declare)Ihadreachedtheceilingofmysingingcareer．③Itisdeclared(declare)thattherewillbenoschoolthisafternoon．④GermanydeclaredwaronFranceon3August1914．——句型轉(zhuǎn)換Ourschooldeclaredthatthegirlwasheadofourdepartment．⑤Ourschooldeclaredthegirltobeheadofourdepartment．(把復(fù)合句改寫成簡單句)2．urgen．強烈的欲望；沖動vt．催促；力勸；大力推薦[素養(yǎng)佳句]OurteacherurgesustostudyhardwiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear．隨著高考的臨近，我們的老師敦促我們努力學(xué)習(xí)。(1)haveanurgetodosth．迫切想做某事(2)urgesth．/sb．on催促某物/某人前進urgesb．todo/intodoingsth．催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth．極力主張；強調(diào)……Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth．堅決要求……(3)urgentadj．緊急的；迫切的(4)urgencyn．緊急情況——單句語法填空①Iurgemycolleaguestojoin(join)meinsupportofthisplan．②Iurgethateveryone(should)save(save)energytoprotecttheEarth．③WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,Ifindmyselfdescribinganurgent(urge)needthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage．——一句多譯人們極力主張圖書館周末也開放。④Peoplestronglyurgethatthelibrary(should)bekeptopenduringtheweekend．(urgethat...)⑤Itisstronglyurgedthatthelibrary(should)bekeptopenduringtheweekend．(Itisurgedthat...)urge后面的名詞性從句中謂語動詞要用“should＋動詞原形”的形式表示虛擬，其中should可以省略。3．ona...basis根據(jù)；以……的方式(基準)[素養(yǎng)佳句](2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis．記住，即使是世界冠軍運動員也要始終如一地練習(xí)他們的技能。(1)onadaily/weeklybasis每天/每周onaregularbasis＝regularly有規(guī)律地；定期地beonthebasisof...以……為基礎(chǔ)/依據(jù)(2)basevt．以……為根據(jù)n．基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)base...on/upon...把……建立在……上bebasedon/upon以……為基礎(chǔ)/依據(jù)(3)basicadj．基礎(chǔ)的；基本的(4)basicallyadv．基本上，大體上——單句語法填空①Withourknowledgebased(base)onpractice,wecanmakegreatcontributionstoourcountry．②First,heshowedusthebasic(base)stepsandskillsofpaper-cutting．——句式升級Therestaurantisbasedontrust,anditisworkingallright．③Basedontrust,therestaurantisworkingallright．(分詞短語作狀語)④Therestaurant,whichisbasedontrust,isworkingallright．(定語從句)4．superiorto比……更好；更勝一籌[素養(yǎng)佳句]Thismodelistechnicallysuperiortoitscompetitors．這一型號在技術(shù)上超過了與之競爭的產(chǎn)品。bejuniorto比……年齡小/職位低beseniorto比……年長/職位高beinferiorto比……差/級別低——單句語法填空①Asisshowninthereport,onlyonesalesmanisseniortomeinthecompany．②Modernmusicisoftenconsideredinferiortothatofthepast．——一句多譯西蒙比我小三歲，但我在公司比他職位低。③Simonisthreeyearsyoungerthanme,butIamjuniortohiminthecompany．(young)④Simonisthreeyearsjuniortome/juniortomebythreeyears,butIamjuniortohiminthecompany．(junior)自身含有比較意義的形容詞(這些形容詞沒有比較級和最高級)：superior更高級的；上級的inferior更低級的；下級的senior年長的；高級的；地位較高的junior年少的；低級的；地位較低的5．完全倒裝[素養(yǎng)佳句]ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity．Therestandsastonesculptureofafamoushistoricalfigure．公共廣場是這個城市引人注目的景觀。那里矗立著一尊著名歷史人物石雕像。使用完全倒裝句的幾種情況：(1)將here,there,now,then,in,out,off,away等表示地點或時間的副詞或者介詞短語置于句首，謂語動詞是be,come,go,remain,lie,run等，且主語為名詞時，用完全倒裝。(2)在“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)中，作表語的形容詞、分詞置于句首時用完全倒裝。(3)such作表語置于句首時用完全倒裝。——單句語法填空①Theregoes(go)thebellforclass．Wemustgonow．②Outrushed(rush)theboy,crying．③Presentatthemeetingyesterdaywere(be)somefamousfigures．——句式升級AmanknownbythenameofTomlivedthere．④TherelivedamanknownbythenameofTom．(完全倒裝)Ayoungwomansatbythewindowwithabookinherhand．⑤Bythewindowsatayoungwomanwithabookinherhand．(完全倒裝)在完全倒裝句式中，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要與后面的主語保持一致。完全倒裝的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不用倒裝。選詞填空fallaway;fetch;division;testout;labour;turnout;random;suspend1．Welabouredalldayinthefieldssowefelttiredanddidn'twanttodoanything．2．Thevillagersusedtowalkamiletofetchwaterbutnowtheycangetcleanwatereasily．3．Thenewproductwhichwillbetestedoutnextmonthisacombinationoftraditionalmethodsandartificialintelligence．4．Hissupportersfellawayashispopularitydeclined．5．Thedivisionsbetweenthevariousclassesofsocietyarenotsosharplymarkedastheyusedtobe．6．ThepartyheldlastFridayturnedouttobeverysuccessful．7．Theconstitutionwassuspendedasthefightinggrewworse．8．Hepickedoutafewleathercoatsatrandomandsentthesalesmanaway．Ⅰ．語境猜詞義1．(2022·浙江卷1月)Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere'sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growinglist．n．額外的好處2．(2022·全國甲卷)Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries．a(chǎn)dj．隨意的3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs．v．爆炸4．(2020·天津卷)Together,thesedeephumanurgescountformuchmorethanambition．n．驅(qū)策力5．(2018·全國Ⅱ卷)Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn'tevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation．v．不予考慮Ⅱ．一詞多義(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour．BA．vt．調(diào)整節(jié)奏B．n．速度；步速C．n．一步；一步的距離D．vt．走來走去Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·浙江卷6月寫作)Thisexperiencemademerealisethattherearesomanypeopleinthisworldwhoneedourhelp．這次經(jīng)歷讓我意識到這個世界上有那么多人需要我們的幫助。2．(2019·全國Ⅱ卷寫作)Itisimportantthatyoushouldsetasidesometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic．重要的是，你應(yīng)該每天留出一些時間做運動，這樣你才能保持精力充沛。3．(2019·北京卷寫作)Aslongaseachofusrespectsthelabour,wecancreatemoresocialwealth．只要我們每個人都尊重勞動者，我們就可以創(chuàng)造更多的社會財富。4．(2018·全國Ⅰ卷寫作)Herecomesthetablemannersyou'reconcernedabout．這是你所關(guān)心的餐桌禮儀。Ⅰ．單詞拼寫1．Thesurveyusedarandom(隨機的)sampleoftwothousandpeopleacrosstheMidwest．2．Scientificinventionshaveraisedlabour(勞動)productivitybyabigmargin．3．Manypeoplewerenotsatisfiedwiththepace(步伐)ofchange．4．Hewouldnotacceptthisofficeforsuchasmallsalary(薪水)．5．Theparentsfeltashamedoftheirsonwhenhewasdismissed(解雇)bytheboss．6．Ihaven'tcalculated(計算)thecostthatwewillspendintravelling．7．Theman'sparentsdeclared(聲稱)thattheydidn'twanttoseehimagain．8．Itaughtmydaughterhowtododivision(除法)attheageofsix．Ⅱ．單句語法填空1．Accordingtothenewevidence，thewomanwasdeclaredguilty(guilt)ofmurder．2．Accordingtotheregulations，thechairwomanhostsameetingonaweekly(week)basistodiscusstheworkarrangement．3．LindasaidshewouldmeetTomandthatshewouldn'ttellanyoneabouttheappointment(appoint)．4．Theyusuallyhavethemedicinetested(test)outbeforeputtingitintothemarketalloverthecountry．5．Afterthesecondexplosion(explode),allofLondon'smaintrainandsubwaystationswereshutdown．6．Hetoldusthathispredictionwasconfirmedbymakingacalculation(calculate)．7．Wedrovealongamuddy(mud)lanetoreachthefarmhouse．8．Itissaidthattheflourinthisfactoryissuperiortothatofotherfactories．9．Withlesstimespentfetching(fetch)water,girlshavemoretimetogotoschool．10．ThisChinesecompanyhasanurgent(urge)desiretokeeppacewiththedevelopmentofhightechnologyintheworld．Ⅲ．補全句子1．是我侄女去辦公室給我拿手帕的。(強調(diào)句)Itwasmyniecewho/thatwenttotheofficetofetchthehandkerchiefforme．2．這樣能使你以后再看筆記時更容易辨認些。(make＋賓語＋賓補)Thismakesyournoteseasiertoreadwhenyoulookatthemlater．3．她站在門口，好像在等人似的。(asif)Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone．4．山頂上矗立著一座古塔。(倒裝句)Therestandsanancienttoweronthetopofthemountain．5．當(dāng)她的小兒子再次對她說謊時，與其說她生氣倒不如說她傷心。(more...than...)Shewasmoresadthanangrywhenherlittlesonliedtoheragain．課時質(zhì)量評價(三十二)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT1主題語境：科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，科學(xué)精神，信息安全Ⅰ．閱讀理解(2023·濰坊模擬)Electronicswoven(編織)intofabricspromisetoopenupallkindsofinterestingpossibilities,fromclothingthatmonitorsmuscleactivityandtracksbreathing,togarmentsthatcantalktooneanother．Developingpliablepowersourcestogowiththemisanequallyimportantfieldofresearch,soscientistsattheUniversityofBritishColumbiahaveputforwardaparticularlyimpressivesolutionthattheysaycouldbethefirsteverbatterythatisbothstretchableandwashable．Todevelopabatterywithsuchcapabilities,thescientistsreimaginedthewaythesedevicesareputtogether．Ratherthanformingalithium-ionbatterypackedwithhardenedmaterialsinsidearigidexterior,theteamturnedtoanalternativechemistryinzinc-manganese(鋅錳)dioxide,whichisappealingforitslowcostandsafety．Thesematerialsweregrounddownintotinypiecesandinsetinapolymer(聚合物)toformverythinandstretchablelayers．“Wewentwithzinc-manganesebecausefordeviceswornnexttotheskin,it'sasaferchemistrythanlithium-ionbatteries,whichcanproducedeadlycompoundswhentheybreak，”saysNguyen．Theresultingbatteryisflexibleandcanbestretchedtotwiceitsnormallength．Meanwhile,ithasaspecificcapacityof160mAhg-1andkeeps75percentofitscapacityover500chargeanddischargecycles．Impressively,theteamfoundthebatterytowithstand39washcyclessofar．Theteamisnowworkingtoimprovethepoweroutputandlifetimeofthebattery,andsaysthecreationhasalreadyattractedcommercialinterest,withthecostexpectedtobesimilartoastandardrechargeablebattery．Theyimagineitbeingputtouseinwatchesandpatchesthatmeasurevitalsigns,andinsmartclothingthatdoesmuchthesamething．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款既可以拉伸又可以水洗的電池。1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“pliable”inParagraph1?A．Strong． B．Multiple．C．Reliable． D．Flexible．D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Developingpliablepowersourcestogowiththemisanequallyimportantfieldofresearch,soscientistsattheUniversityofBritishColumbiahaveputforwardaparticularlyimpressivesolutionthattheysaycouldbethefirsteverbatterythatisbothstretchableandwashable．”以及第四段中的“Theresultingbatteryisflexibleandcanbestretchedtotwiceitsnormallength．”可以推測畫線詞的意思是“柔韌的；可拉伸的”。故選D。2．Whatwasamajorconsiderationforintroducingzinc-manganesebattery?A．Safety． B．Hardness．C．Comfortableness． D．Convenience．A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ratherthanformingalithium-ionbatterypackedwithhardenedmaterialsinsidearigidexterior,theteamturnedtoanalternativechemistryinzinc-manganese(鋅錳)dioxide,whichisappealingforitslowcostandsafety．”可知，科學(xué)家們采用鋅錳電池的一個主要考慮因素是這款電池的安全性。故選A。3．WhichaspectofthenewbatteryimpressedtheresearchersinParagraph4?A．Itswashability．B．Itsstretchlength．C．Itsmassivecapacity．D．Itschargespeed．A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Impressively,theteamfoundthebatterytowithstand39washcyclessofar．”可知，新電池給研究人員留下了深刻印象的方面是它的可洗性。故選A。4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Electronicclothingiswellreceived．B．Clothingfittedwithanewbatteryisontheway．C．Aclothing-friendlybatterycanbeputthroughwash．D．Electronicswovenintofabricsopenuppossibilities．C主旨大意題。文章第一段引出話題，第二、三段主要講科學(xué)家們在研究這款電池方面所做出的努力，第四段主要講這款電池的特點，最后一段講的是科學(xué)家們正在努力提高電池的功率輸出和使用壽命以及它的使用前景，所以文章主要是圍繞一款可水洗的電池展開的。故選C。Ⅱ．七選五AdvantagesofSolarPowerAsthenamesuggests,solarpowermakesthemostofthesunlightandisputtogooduseforitsusers．Despitesomedisadvantages,theadvantagesofitaresogreatthattheycannotbeignored．Inshort,thesolarelectricitysystemisanexcellentadditiontootherconventionalsourcesofenergy．1Asolarpanelsystem,whencoupledtoyourelectricfun