2017年成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)水平考試真題及答案

試題來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除試題來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除試題來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系刪除2017年成人高等教育學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)水平考試真題及答案PartⅠDialogueCompletionDirections:Inthispart,thereare3dialogueswith3or4blanks,eachfollowedby4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththechoicethatbestsuitsthesituationuntilthedialogueiscomplete.WithDialogueOne,allthechoiceswillhavetobeused.WithDialogueTwoandDialogueThree,onechoicewillbeleftunused.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglebarthroughthecenteroftheletterthatindicatesyourchoice.DialogueOneMike:Itwouldbenicetogotothebeachsometimethisweekend.Carl:1What'stheweathergoingtobelike?Mike:Itissupposedtobewarm.Carl:Itwouldn'tbegood2Mike:Iwantthistriptobeperfect.Ihopeitstayswarm.Carl:TheCaliforniaweatherissouncertainand3Mike:Iknow.Everydaytheweatherseemsdifferent.Carl:Iwouldloveit4A.Iwanttogo,too.B.it'simpossibletoknowwhatwillhappen.C.ifitgotcoldthisweekend.D.ifitweren'talwayssounpredictable.DialogueTwoTom:Hey,Ithinkit'sstartingtorain!George:Yeah,it'sraining.GoodthingIbroughtalongmyumbrella.5Don'tyoutrusttheweatherman?Tom:6ButthismorningImissedtheweatherforecastonTV.George:Don'tgetwet.7Tom:Thanksalot.A.Goandgetyourownumbrella.B.Getundermyumbrella.C.Whydidn'tyou?D.Ido.DialogueThreeAlex:Areyouplanningontransferring?Bruce:Yes.Whataboutyou?Alex:8Bruce:Wheredoyouwanttogo?Alex:IwasthinkingeitherCSULAorUCLA.Bruce:Thosearegreatschools.Alex:Wheredoyouwanttotransferto?Bruce:9Alex:Youstillhavetimetofigureitout.Bruce:10Alex:Hopefullyyou'llfigureitoutprettysoon.Bruce:Iwill.GoodluckwithCSULAandUCLA.A.Whichdoyouthinkisbetter?B.That'strue.C.I'mthinkingaboutit,too.D.I'mnotreallysureyet.PartⅡReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglebarthroughthecenteroftheletterthatindicatesyourchoice.Passage1Everysinglethingyouarenotsatisfiedwithinyourlifeisaresultofabadhabit.Ifyoudon'thaveenoughmoney,it'sbecausebadhabitskeptyoufromtakingaction.Ifyouarenotasfitasyouwouldliketobe,it'sbecauseofbadhabitsthatkeptyougluedtothecouch.Wouldyouliketochangethat?Theonlythingthatseparatessuccessesfromfailuresissuccessfulhabits.Butdevelopinggoodhabitsiseasiersaidthandone.Wefindithardtobuildgoodhabitsbecausewespendeverydayfloatingdowntheriveroflifewithnooars(槳).Sowhatshouldwedo?HenryFordsaiditbest,"Whetheryouthinkyoucan,oryouthinkyoucan't,you'reright."Beliefistherootofchange.Thestrongestforceinhumanbehavioristheneedtoactinlinewithourself-identityorourbeliefofwhoweare.Tochangeahabit,youmustbelievethatyoucanactuallydoit.Oftenourhabitsaresoconditionedintoourbeingthatwemovethroughthosepatternswithoutanythoughtorconsciousnessastowhatwearedoing.Interruptingtheoldpatternscreatesaspacefornewones.Afewwaystointerruptyourpatternaretoshockyourselforsaysomethingfunnythatmakesyoulaughorinterruptitthroughsomephysicalaction.Onewomanputacanofdogfoodnexttoherfridgetointerruptherpatterneverytimeshereachedoutforsomejunkfood.Thepossibilitiesarelimitedonlybyyourimagination.Thegoalistogetyououtofapreprogrammedwayofbeingbyengaginginabehaviorthatshocksyou,soastochangeyourstateandhelpyoumoveintoanotherpattern.11、Theauthortellsusinparagraph1thatbadhabits______.A.resultfrompoorlivingconditionsB.aredifficulttogetridofC.resultinyourdissatisfactioninlifeD.pushyoutotakeunnecessaryactions12、Thephrase"floatingdowntheriveroflifewithnooars"(Para.2)meansthatpeopletendto______.A.leadafulfillinglifeB.followtheiroldhabitsC.pursueafruitfullifeD.keepthemselvesbusy13、ThewordsofHenryFord(Para.3)stresstheroleof______.A.cleargoalsB.soundjudgmentC.goodhabitsD.strongbelief14、Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutformingnewhabits?______A.Itiseasierthanpeoplehaveexpected.B.Itisbestdonethroughphysicalaction.C.Itmustbedonebymakingcarefulplans.D.Itcanbeachievedbyinterruptingoldpatterns.15、Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageisto______.A.introducewaystodevelopgoodhabitsB.identifygoodhabitsandbadhabitsC.helpbetterunderstandtheroleof'habitsD.emphasizetheimportanceofgoodhabitsPassage2Caneatingachocolatebareverydayreallypreventage-relatedmemoryloss?Peoplewouldsay"No".Caneatingchocolatecakeforbreakfast,lunchanddinnerbegoodforyourheart?Again,theywouldsay"No",becausethatwouldbetoogoodtobetrue.Butnewresearchshowsthatlargeamountsofflavanols(黃烷醇),substancesfoundincocoa(可可),teaandsomevegetables,mayreverseage-relatedmemoryfailure.Anotherstudyislookingtoseeifhighlevelsofcocoaflavanolscanhelppreventheartattacksandstrokes.Flavanolsfoundindarkchocolateareknowntoincreasebloodflowinthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemory.Theyalsohelppreventheartdiseasebyloweringbloodpressureand"bad"cholesterol(膽固醇).Anewstudypublishedonlinefoundthatcocoaflavanolsreverseminormemorylossinolderadults.Dr.ScoltSmall,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,istheleadwriterofaresearchpaperdescribingtheeffectsofcocoaflavanolsonbrainactivity.Thestudyinvolved37volunteersagedbetween50and69.Researchersgavethemahigh-levelflavanoldrinkmadefromcocoabeansoralow-levelflavanoldrink.Foraperiodofthreemonths,somesubjectsgot900mgofflavanoladaywhiletheothersgot10mg.Brainimagingandmemoiytestsweregiventoeachsubjectbeforeandafterthestudy.Dr.Smallsaysthatthesubjectswhohadthehigh-levelflavanoldrinkshowedmuchimprovementonmemorytests.Theresearcherswarnthatmoreworkisneededbecausethisstudywasperformedonasmallgroup.ResearchersatWomen'sHospitalinBostonrecentlyannouncedplanstodojustthat.16、Thefirstparagraphindicatesthat______.A.eatingchocolateisgoodforone'sheartB.peopledoubtthegoodeffectofeatingchocolateC.eatingchocolatemaypreventmemorylossD.peopleshouldnoteattoomuchchocolate17、StudiesshowthatflavanolscandoallthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.takeoffextraweightB.lowerbadcholesterolC.helppreventheartdiseaseD.reversememoryfailure18、Thenewstudypublishedonlinefocusesontheeffectsofcocoaflavanolson______.A.weightB.bloodpressureC.memoryD.heartbeat19、Thehigh-levelflavanoldrinkusedinthestudyismadefrom______.A.coffeebeansB.cocoabeansC.vegetablesD.tea20、ResearchersatWomen'sHospitalinBostonwill______.A.makeafollow-upstudyofthesame37subjectsB.spendmoremoneymakingflavanoldrinksC.takemoretimetotestSmall'sresultsD.dosimilarexperimentsonalargerscalePassage3Braindrain,whichistheactionofhavinghighlyskilledandeducatedpeopleleavingtheircountrytoworkabroad,hasbecomeoneofthedevelopingcountries'concerns.Braindrainisalsoreferredtoashumancapitalflight.Moreandmorethirdworldscience-and-technology-educatedpeopleareheadingformoreprosperouscountriesseekinghigherwagesandbetterworkingconditions.Thishasofcourseseriousconsequencesonthesendingcountries.Whilemanypeoplebelievethatimmigrationisapersonalchoicethatmustbeunderstoodandrespected,otherslookatthephenomenonfromadifferentperspective.Whatmakesthoseeducatedpeopleleavetheircountriesshouldbeseriouslyconsideredandadistinctionbetweenpushandpullfactorsmustbemade.Thepushfactorsincludelowwagesandlackofsatisfactoryworkingandlivingconditions.Socialunrest,politicalconflictsandwarsmayalsobedeterminingcauses.Thepullfactors,however,includeacademicfreedomandextensivefundsforresearch.Braindrainhasnegativeimpactonthesendingcountries'economicprospectsandcompetitiveness.Itreducesthenumberofdynamicandcreativepeoplewhocancontributetothedevelopmentoftheircountry.Likewise,withmoreentrepreneurs(企業(yè)家)takingtheirinvestmentsabroad,developingcountriesaremissinganopportunityofwealthcreation.Thishasalsonegativeconsequencesontaxrevenueandemployment.Mostofthemeasurestakensofarhavenothadanysuccessinsofteningtheeffectsofbraindrain.Oneoptionistoprovideadequateworkingandlivingconditionsinthesendingcountries.Anotheroptionshouldinvolveencouragingtheexpatriates(僑民)tocontributetheirskilltothedevelopmentoftheircountrieswithoutnecessarilymovingbackhome.21、Anothertermusedfor"braindrain"inthispassageis"______".A.humancapitalflightB.talentlossC.wealthrelocationD.intellectualimmigration22、Braindrainoccurswhenmoreandmoretalentedpeople______.A.movetodevelopingcountriesB.wanttoimprovetheircreativityC.movetodevelopedcountriesD.wanttofurthertheireducation23、Welearnfromthepassagethatthepushfactorsarerelatedto______.A.lowemploymentB.personalchoiceC.taxrevenueD.homecountries24、Whatcanbeviewedasapullfactoraccordingtotheauthor?______A.Populationcontrol.B.Limitedfundsforresearch.C.Betterworkingconditions.D.Naturalenvironment.25、Whichparagraphoffersapossiblesolutionforbraindrain?______A.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2.C.Paragraph3.D.Paragraph4.Passage4EdwardandRobertHarmerwerebothborninthehouseonCranberryLane.ThemapoftheirtownhadaspecialnoteabouttheHarmerhouseanditshistoricalimportance.Theirgreat-grand-fatherhadbuiltitwithhisowntwohandsin1850.Itwasthehousetheirgrandfatherandfatherhadbeenbornin.Itwasthehousethathadalltheirmemories.Theboyshadalwaysbeencloseaschildren.Theywereonlytwoyearsapart,and,althoughtheysometimesfoughtasbrothersdo,mostlytheywereinseparable.TherewasneveradullmomentintheHarmerhousehold.Theenergeticbrothersspenttheirsummersrunningaround.Theywouldgofishinginthelocalriver,andtrytocatchthebiggestfishintheworld.Thewholeareawasfullofsecrethidingplaceswheretheycouldgoandnoonewouldfindthem.Andtheyreallyneededhidingplaces.Theboyswereconstantlygettingintotrouble,muchtotheworryoftheirparents.Whetheritwasaccidentallythrowingfootballsthroughtheirneighbors'windows,pouringpaintontoMrs.Pinklewit'srosebushesorputtingshavingcreamalloverUncleBarf'scar,theboyssomehowalwaysgotawayfrompunishments.Whentheygotolder,EdwardandRobertspentlesstimearoundthehouseandmoretimewiththeirfriends.Buttheirhousewasstillthebestplacetohaveaparty.Withitshugelawn,itwasperfectforpicnics.Theirmothermadethebestfriedchickenintown,andeverybodyknewit.HolidayswerealsoapopulartimeattheHarmer'shouse.EveryNewYear'sEvetheythrewabigparty.Practicallythewholetowncame.TheirmotherwouldstartplanningthepartyonThanksgiving.Itwasthebiggesteventintheirtown.Andwhentheboyswentofftocollege,theyalwaysbroughtfriendshometosharetheholidayspirit.26、ForhowmanygenerationshadtheHarmerslivedinthehousebythetimethebrotherswenttoschool?______A.Five.B.Four.C.Three.D.Two.27、Howdidthebrothersgetalongwitheachotheraskids?______A.Theyscarcelytalkedtoeachother.B.Theyoftenfoughteachother.C.Theycouldhardlyseparate.D.Theytriedtostayawayfromeachother.28、Forwhatreasondidthebrothersneedthosehidingplaces?______A.Toavoidpunishmentsoncetheydidsomethingwrong.B.Tostorethingstheyhadtakenfromtheirneighbors.C.Toplayhide-and-seekwithotherkids.D.Tohidethemselveswhenevertheyskippedclasses.29、WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheHarmers'house?______A.Ithaswitnessedmanyhistoriceventsofthetown.B.Itwasdesignedforholdingbigparties.C.Itwasthebiggesthouseintown.D.Itwasrelatedtotheirhappymemories.30、Whatwastheboys'motherbestknownforintown?______A.PlanninggoodThanksgivingparties.B.Beingnicetoeveryonesheknew.C.Organizingbigholidayevents.D.Makingthemostdeliciousfriedchicken.PartⅢVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglebarthroughthecenteroftheletterthatindicatesyourchoice.31、Itisourchildrenandourchildren'schildrenwho______payforthemistakeswemaketoday.A.willhavetoB.mustC.shouldD.areableto32、Ms.Green______livingintownforonlyoneyear,yetsheseemstoknoweveryonewhocomestothestore.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen33、HedoesnotqualifyasateacherofEnglish______hispronunciationisterrible.A.butB.soC.asD.while34、Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotakecreditcards,______ismoreconvenientthancarryingmoneyincash.A.thatB.whichC.itD.this35、Iwouldrathergooutforawalkthan______athome.A.stayedB.tostayC.stayD.havingstayed36、Theauthorusedthesoutherndialecttogivethestorysomelocal______.A.featureB.flavorC.styleD.taste37、Imightnotgethomeuntilverylate,sodon't______forme.A.waitupB.turnupC.takeupD.comeup38、Findingitdifficultto______totheclimateinthecity,hedecidedtomovetothesouth.A.suitB.keepC.adaptD.adopt39、______inthepasthewasextremelyself-centered,nowhehasgenuineconcernforothers.A.WhereasB.AsifC.EvenasD.When40、Wehavebeer,whiskey,coke,andsomesoftdrinks,sopleasemakeyourself______.A.athomeB.athandC.atheartD.atlarge41、Horseshavemorehighlydeveloped______ofsightandhearingthanhumans.A.sensesB.skillsC.customsD.abilities42、IfoundoutthatIama(n)______learner:Ilearnbestwhenprofessorsusetheblackboard.A.visualB.audioC.activeD.fast43、Alargenumberofcars______parkedinfrontofthesupermarket.A.isB.areC.hasD.have44、Hard______theytried,theyfailedtoclimbtothemountaintop.A.ifB.whenC.asD.since45、HardlyhadIturnedaroundthecornerand______mydogwhenhedashedtowardsme.A.sawB.seenC.seeingD.see46、Postage______,thesmartphonewillcostyouatleast3,000yuan.A.tobeincludedB.toincludeC.includedD.including47、Somearguethatwearethewayweare______ourgenes.A.incaseofB.astoC.inspiteofD.becauseof48、Fossilsaretheevidenceofpastlife______intherocksoftheEarth'scrust.A.revealedB.preservedC.reservedD.postponed49、Whenamaterialburnsintheair,heatisreleasedandnewsubstancesare______.A.separatedB.ruinedC.formedD.dissolved50、______theatmospherearoundourEarth,wewouldnotbeabletolive.A.HaditnotbeenforB.WoulditnotbeforC.IfithasnotbeenforD.IfitwerenotforPartⅣTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandputyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.51、Wedonotoftenconsiderhowmuchenergygoesintocreatingcomfortslikehotshowersandcoldbeer.Amoreefficientrefrigeratorwillgiveusthesamecoldbeerwhileusinglessenergy.Amorewater-efficientshowerheadwillgiveusthesamehotshowerwhileusinglesswater;lesswaterrequireslessenergy.Bybeingmoreefficient,weuselessenergy,requiringfewerresourcesandlessmoney.Wehavealotofopportunitiesforenergyefficiencyathome.WhetheryouarereadytoupgradeanappliancetoanENERGYSTARratedmodelorreplaceconventionallightbulbswithmoreefficientones,youwillenjoythesamelevelofcomfortinyourdailylifewhilesavingbothenergyandmoney.PartⅤWriting52、Directions:Youaretowriteinnolessthan120wordsonthetopicof"APennySavedIsaPennyEarned".YoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow.1.你認(rèn)為一個(gè)家庭需要存錢嗎?2.給出你存或不存的理由;3.談?wù)勀闶窃鯓幼龅摹４鸢?PartⅠDialogueCompletionDialogueOne1、[解析]邁克對(duì)卡爾說(shuō)這個(gè)周末去海邊挺好的，空格是卡爾對(duì)邁克的回應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)A(我也想去)是對(duì)對(duì)方建議的肯定回答，且只有選項(xiàng)A中句首字母是大寫，故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B(不可能知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么)、選項(xiàng)C(如果周末天冷的話)和選項(xiàng)D(如果天氣不總是變化無(wú)常的話)的句首字母均為小寫，且三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是對(duì)天氣的描述，與上文邏輯關(guān)系不符，故排除。本題是關(guān)于加利福尼亞天氣的對(duì)話，對(duì)話雙方可能是朋友關(guān)系。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是陳述句。2、[解析]邁克對(duì)卡爾說(shuō)周末的天氣應(yīng)該挺暖和的，空格是卡爾對(duì)邁克的回應(yīng)?？崭袂懊鏋橥暾囊痪湓?，由此可知空格處可填入一個(gè)從句。選項(xiàng)C與上文語(yǔ)意銜接緊密，符合句意，故答案為C。選項(xiàng)B為一個(gè)完整的句子，填入空格處不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范，故排除。選項(xiàng)D填入空格處不符合邏輯和句意，故排除。3、[解析]邁克對(duì)卡爾說(shuō)他希望這次旅行完美，希望天氣能一直都很暖和，空格是卡爾對(duì)邁克的回應(yīng)。由空格前的uncertain可知加利福尼亞的天氣變化無(wú)常，同時(shí)由空格前的and可知空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)完整的句子，故答案為B。選項(xiàng)D為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，不能與and前的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，故排除。4、[解析]邁克對(duì)卡爾說(shuō)加利福尼亞的天氣每天都是不同的。空格是卡爾對(duì)邁克的回應(yīng)?？崭袂懊媸且粋€(gè)完整的句子，由此可知空格處可填入一個(gè)從句。根據(jù)上文的uncertain和different可知，加利福尼亞的天氣不可預(yù)測(cè)，而卡爾想表達(dá)的是如果加利福尼亞的天氣可預(yù)測(cè)的話，他就會(huì)很喜歡那里，故答案為D。DialogueTwo5、[解析]湯姆對(duì)喬治說(shuō)要下雨了，空格是喬治對(duì)湯姆回應(yīng)的一部分。喬治回答說(shuō)他帶傘了，并問(wèn)湯姆是不是不相信天氣預(yù)報(bào)。同時(shí)，根據(jù)后面的對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知湯姆沒(méi)有帶傘，由此可知，空格處應(yīng)該是喬治問(wèn)湯姆為什么沒(méi)帶傘。選項(xiàng)C(你為什么沒(méi)帶傘?)與上下文銜接緊密，且符合句意，故答案為C。本題是關(guān)于天氣的對(duì)話，對(duì)話雙方可能是朋友關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)是陳述句，一個(gè)是特殊疑問(wèn)句。6、[解析]喬治問(wèn)湯姆是否不相信天氣預(yù)報(bào)，空格是湯姆對(duì)喬治的回應(yīng)。由空格后的內(nèi)容可知，湯姆今天早上錯(cuò)過(guò)了電視上的天氣預(yù)報(bào)。由此可知，湯姆是相信天氣預(yù)報(bào)的。選項(xiàng)D(我相信天氣預(yù)報(bào))符合句意，故答案為D。7、[解析]由對(duì)話最后一句湯姆向喬治表示感謝可知，喬治向湯姆提供了幫助。同時(shí)根據(jù)空格前面的內(nèi)容可知，喬治讓湯姆到自己的傘下來(lái)，以免湯姆被淋濕。選項(xiàng)B(到我傘下來(lái))符合句意，故答案為B。DialogueThree8、[解析]布魯斯問(wèn)亞歷克斯是不是也打算轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)，空格是亞歷克斯對(duì)布魯斯的回應(yīng)。由后面的對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知，亞歷克斯正考慮轉(zhuǎn)到CSULA或UCLA。選項(xiàng)C(我也正在考慮轉(zhuǎn)學(xué))與上下文銜接最緊密，故答案為C。本題是關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)的對(duì)話，對(duì)話雙方可能是同學(xué)關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)是陳述句，一個(gè)是特殊疑問(wèn)句。9、[解析]亞歷克斯問(wèn)布魯斯想轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)去哪里，空格是布魯斯對(duì)亞歷克斯的回應(yīng)。由后面的對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知，布魯斯還在考慮這一問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D(我還不太確定)符合句意，故答案為D。10、[解析]亞歷克斯對(duì)布魯斯說(shuō)他還有時(shí)間想清楚到底去哪所學(xué)校，空格是布魯斯對(duì)亞歷克斯的回應(yīng)。由后面的對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知，布魯斯對(duì)亞歷克斯的說(shuō)法表示贊同，他也覺(jué)得自己還有時(shí)間想清楚到底要去哪所學(xué)校。由此可知，布魯斯覺(jué)得亞歷克斯說(shuō)的是對(duì)的。選項(xiàng)B(是的)符合句意，故答案為B。PartⅡReadingComprehensionPassage111、C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知，生活中每一件你不滿意的事都是由壞習(xí)慣造成的，由此可知，壞習(xí)慣導(dǎo)致了我們?cè)谏钪械牟粷M，故答案為C。選項(xiàng)A(是由于惡劣的生活條件造成的)和選項(xiàng)B(很難擺脫)在文章第一段均未提及，故排除。文章第一段第二句提到，如果你沒(méi)有足夠的錢，那是因?yàn)閴牧?xí)慣阻礙了你采取行動(dòng)，選項(xiàng)D(促使你采取不必要的行動(dòng))與原文對(duì)壞習(xí)慣的表述不符，故排除。12、B[解析]推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句可知，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣，因?yàn)槲覀兠刻於荚谏拈L(zhǎng)河中隨波逐流。此處將我們每天的生活比作一艘沒(méi)有槳的船，由此可推斷出，該短語(yǔ)的意思是人們按照自己的老習(xí)慣生活，沒(méi)有做出改變，故答案為B。選項(xiàng)A(過(guò)充實(shí)的生活)、選項(xiàng)c(追求豐富多彩的人生)和選項(xiàng)D(讓自己忙碌)均不符合原文所要表達(dá)的意思，故排除。13、D[解析]推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段前兩句可知，亨利·福特說(shuō)得最好，“不管你認(rèn)為自己能做到，還是認(rèn)為自己不能做到，你都是對(duì)的?！毙叛鍪且磺凶兓母础Ｍ瑫r(shí)根據(jù)本段最后一句可知，要改變一個(gè)習(xí)慣，你必須相信你真的能做到。由此可推斷出，亨利·福特的話強(qiáng)調(diào)了堅(jiān)定的信念的作用，故答案為D。選項(xiàng)A(明確的目標(biāo))和選項(xiàng)B(良好的判斷力)均與亨利·福特的話無(wú)關(guān)，故排除。選項(xiàng)C(良好的習(xí)慣)雖然在文章中提到了，但是與亨利·福特的話無(wú)關(guān)，故排除。14、D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句可知，打破舊模式可以為新模式創(chuàng)造空間，由此可推斷出，養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣可以通過(guò)打破舊的習(xí)慣模式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，故答案為D。文章第二段第三句提到，培養(yǎng)好習(xí)慣，說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。由此可知，養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣可能比我們想象的要難，選項(xiàng)A(它比人們預(yù)想的更為容易)與原文表述相反，故排除。文章第四段第三句提到，打破你的模式的幾種方法是讓自己感到震驚，或者說(shuō)一些有趣的東西，讓自己大笑，或者通過(guò)一些身體動(dòng)作來(lái)打破你的模式。但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)最好的方法是身體動(dòng)作，選項(xiàng)B(最好通過(guò)身體動(dòng)作)與原文信息不符，故排除。選項(xiàng)C(必須通過(guò)制定細(xì)致的計(jì)劃來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn))原文未提及，故排除。15、A[解析]主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了打破舊習(xí)慣模式、養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣的方法。文章第一段主要闡述了壞習(xí)慣所造成的一些后果，緊接著第二段引出了主題——好習(xí)慣，從第三段開(kāi)始講培養(yǎng)好習(xí)慣的方法。因此，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹培養(yǎng)良好習(xí)慣的方法，故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B(確定哪些是好習(xí)慣和哪些是壞習(xí)慣)、選項(xiàng)C(幫助人們更好地理解好習(xí)慣的作用)和選項(xiàng)D(強(qiáng)調(diào)好習(xí)慣的重要性)均不是文章的主題，故排除。Passage216、B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，人們對(duì)吃巧克力能預(yù)防記憶力衰退、對(duì)心臟有好處都持否定態(tài)度。由此可知，人們對(duì)吃巧克力的功效持懷疑態(tài)度，故答案為B。選項(xiàng)A(吃巧克力對(duì)心臟有好處)和選項(xiàng)C(吃巧克力可能會(huì)預(yù)防記憶力衰退)是文章第一段提到的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，但文章明確表明人們對(duì)這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題持否定態(tài)度，故排除。選項(xiàng)D(人們不應(yīng)該吃太多的巧克力)原文未提及，故排除。17、A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，黑巧克力中的黃烷醇可以降低血壓和“壞”膽固醇，幫助預(yù)防心臟病，可可黃烷醇可以扭轉(zhuǎn)老年人的輕微記憶喪失，選項(xiàng)B(降低壞膽固醇)、選項(xiàng)C(幫助預(yù)防心臟病)和選項(xiàng)D(扭轉(zhuǎn)記憶喪失)均是黃烷醇的作用，故排除。選項(xiàng)A(減掉過(guò)多的體重)原文未提及，故答案為A。18、C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句可知，一項(xiàng)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)表的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，可可黃烷醇可以扭轉(zhuǎn)老年人的輕微記憶喪失。由此可知，在網(wǎng)上發(fā)表的新研究主要關(guān)注可可黃烷醇對(duì)記憶力的影響，故答案為C。選項(xiàng)A(體重)、選項(xiàng)B(血壓)和選項(xiàng)D(心跳)均與題干所問(wèn)不符，故排除。19、B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句可知，研究人員給志愿者一種由可可豆制成的黃烷醇含量高的飲料和黃烷醇含量低的飲料，故答案為B。選項(xiàng)A(咖啡豆)、選項(xiàng)C(蔬菜)和選項(xiàng)D(茶)均與題干所問(wèn)不符，故排除。20、D[解析]推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后兩句可知，這項(xiàng)研究只是針對(duì)一小部分人群展開(kāi)的，因此還需要繼續(xù)研究。波士頓女子醫(yī)院的研究者宣布計(jì)劃要做這件事。由此可推斷出，波士頓女子醫(yī)院的研究者將做更大規(guī)模的類似實(shí)驗(yàn)，故答案為D。選項(xiàng)A(對(duì)已經(jīng)接受實(shí)驗(yàn)的37名受試者進(jìn)行追蹤調(diào)查)、選項(xiàng)B(投入更多的錢來(lái)生產(chǎn)黃烷醇飲料)和選項(xiàng)C(花更多的時(shí)間來(lái)檢驗(yàn)斯莫爾博士的研究結(jié)果)原文未提及，故排除。Passage321、A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句可知，人才流失也被稱為人力資本外逃，故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B(人才流失)雖然與“braindrain”意思相同，但并不是文章中用到的表達(dá)，故排除。選項(xiàng)C(財(cái)富轉(zhuǎn)移)和選項(xiàng)D(知識(shí)分子移民)均不符合題意，故排除。22、C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句可知，第三世界越來(lái)越多的受過(guò)科學(xué)和技術(shù)教育的人正奔向更繁榮的國(guó)家，以尋求更豐厚的薪水和更好的工作條件。由此可知，人才流失現(xiàn)象是指越來(lái)越多的有才能的人移民到發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，故答案為C。選項(xiàng)A(移民到發(fā)展中國(guó)家)與原文表述相反，故排除。選項(xiàng)B(想要提升他們的創(chuàng)新能力)和選項(xiàng)D(想要接受更高的教育)與人才流失的概念不符，故排除。23、D[解析]推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句、第四句可知，推動(dòng)因素包括低工資和缺乏令人滿意的工作和生活條件。社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩、政治沖突和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)也可能是決定性的原因。由此可推斷出，推動(dòng)因素與原籍國(guó)有關(guān)，故答案為D。選項(xiàng)A(就業(yè)率低)、選項(xiàng)B(個(gè)人選擇)和選項(xiàng)C(國(guó)家稅收)均與推動(dòng)因素?zé)o關(guān)，故排除。24、C[解析]推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后三句可知，推動(dòng)因素包括低工資和缺乏令人滿意的工作和生活條件，以及社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩、政治沖突和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，而拉動(dòng)因素包括學(xué)術(shù)自由和大量的研究資金。由此可推斷出，更好的工作條件可以被看作是拉動(dòng)因素，故答案為C。選項(xiàng)A(人口控制)和選項(xiàng)D(自然環(huán)境)文章未提及，故排除。選項(xiàng)B(有限的研究經(jīng)費(fèi))與原文表述相反，故排除。25、D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段最后兩句提出了兩種解決人才流失的方案：一種是在人才輸出國(guó)提供適當(dāng)?shù)墓ぷ骱蜕顥l件，另一種是鼓勵(lì)僑民為他們國(guó)家的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)自己的技能，但不一定要回歸原籍國(guó)。故答案為D。文章第一段主要解釋了人才流失的概念，第二段主要闡述了人才流失的推動(dòng)因素和拉動(dòng)因素，第三段主要講述了人才流失給人才輸出國(guó)帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。因此，A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均與題干所問(wèn)不符，故排除。Passage426、B[解析]推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句、第四句可知，1850年他們的曾祖父建造了這座房子，而他們的祖父和父親都是在這座房子里出生的。由此可推斷出，到這兩個(gè)兄弟上學(xué)的時(shí)候，已經(jīng)有四代人住在這座房子里了，分別是他們的曾祖父、祖父，父親以及他們兄弟兩個(gè)。故答案為B。27、C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句可知，他們只相差兩歲，雖然他們有時(shí)會(huì)像別的兄弟那樣打架，但他們大多時(shí)候是分不開(kāi)的。由此可知，當(dāng)他們還是孩子的時(shí)候，他們幾乎是分不開(kāi)的，故答案為C。選項(xiàng)A(他們幾乎沒(méi)有交談過(guò))文章未提及，故排除。選項(xiàng)B(他們經(jīng)常打架)與原文第二段第二句內(nèi)容不符，該句說(shuō)的是他們有時(shí)會(huì)打架，故排除。選項(xiàng)D(他們?cè)噲D遠(yuǎn)離對(duì)方)與原文表述相反，故排除。28、A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后三句可知，兩個(gè)孩子經(jīng)常惹麻煩，因此他們需要藏身之地躲起來(lái)逃避懲罰，故答案為A。選項(xiàng)B(存放他們從鄰居家拿的東西)、選項(xiàng)C(和別的孩子玩捉迷藏)和選項(xiàng)D(當(dāng)他們逃課的時(shí)候可以躲起來(lái))原文均未提及，故排除。29、D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知，哈默家的房子里有他們所有的記憶，故答案為D。選項(xiàng)A(它見(jiàn)證了小鎮(zhèn)里的許多歷史事件)和選項(xiàng)C(它是鎮(zhèn)上最大的房子)文章均未提及，故排除。選項(xiàng)B(它是專門為舉辦大型派對(duì)而建的)與原文內(nèi)容不符，文章最后一段第二句只是提到哈默家的房子是舉辦派對(duì)的最佳場(chǎng)所，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)是專門為舉辦大型派對(duì)而建的，故排除。30、D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第四句可知，眾所周知，他們的母親做的炸雞是鎮(zhèn)里最好的，故答案為D。文章最后一段雖然提到他們的母親會(huì)在節(jié)假日舉辦派對(duì)，但這并不是他們母親最出名的原因，選項(xiàng)A(籌辦非常好的感恩節(jié)派對(duì))和選項(xiàng)C(組織大型節(jié)日活動(dòng))均與題干所問(wèn)不符，故排除。選項(xiàng)B(對(duì)所有她認(rèn)識(shí)的人都很好)原文未提及，故排除。PartⅢVocabularyandStructure31、A[考點(diǎn)]本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。[解析]句意：我們的子孫后代將不得不為我們今天所犯的錯(cuò)付出代價(jià)。該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)ourchildrenandourchildren'schildren。根據(jù)句意以及句中動(dòng)詞在時(shí)間上的先后順序可知，who引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故答案為A。32、D[考點(diǎn)]本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。[解析]句意：格林女士只在鎮(zhèn)上生活了一年，但她似乎認(rèn)識(shí)每一個(gè)來(lái)店里的人。yet后的并列句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，由此可知yet前的句子不可能為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故排除選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B。foronlyoneyear表示一段時(shí)間，因此句子應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)，故答案為D。33、C[考點(diǎn)]本題考查連詞辨析。[解析]句意：他沒(méi)有資格做英語(yǔ)教師，因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)音很糟糕。as意為“因?yàn)?，由于”，可引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，故答案為C。but意為“但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折;so意為“因此，所以”，表示結(jié)果;while意為“雖然，盡管”，表示讓步。34、B[考點(diǎn)]本題考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。[解析]句意：旅行的時(shí)候，你最好帶著信用卡，這比帶現(xiàn)金方便很多?？崭裉幩诰錇榉窍薅ㄐ远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的creditcards，選項(xiàng)中只有which可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，故答案為B。that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，it和this為代詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，填入空格處不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范，故排除。35、C[考點(diǎn)]本題考查wouldrather...than...的用法。[解析]句意：我寧愿出去散步也不愿待在家里。wouldrather...than...意為“寧愿……也不……”，wouldrather和than后均要用動(dòng)詞原形，故答案為C。36、B[考點(diǎn)]本題考查名詞詞義辨析。[解析]句意：作者使用南方方言賦予了故事鄉(xiāng)土氣息。flavor意為“風(fēng)味，味道”，故答案為B。feature意為“特征，面貌的一部分”;style意為“風(fēng)格，時(shí)髦”;taste意為“味道，滋味”。37、A[考點(diǎn)]本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。[解析]句意：我可能很晚才能回家，所以不要等我了。waitupfor(sb.)意為“熬夜，不睡覺(jué)(等人回家)”，故答案為A。turnup意為“偶然出現(xiàn)，到來(lái)”;takeup意為“繼續(xù)，接下去”;comeup意為“升起，出現(xiàn)”。38、C[考點(diǎn)]本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。[解析]句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)這個(gè)城市的氣候，因此決定搬到南方去。adapt意為“適應(yīng)，改編”，故答案為C。suit意為“適合，適宜”;keep意為“保持，保存”;adopt意為“采取，收養(yǎng)”。39、A[考點(diǎn)]本題考查連詞辨析。[解析]句意：雖然過(guò)去他極度地以自我為中心，但是現(xiàn)在他會(huì)真心地關(guān)心他人。whereas意為“但是，盡管”，符合句意，故答案為A。asif意為“好像，似乎”;evenas意為“正當(dāng)……”;when意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。40、A[考點(diǎn)]本題考查固定短語(yǔ)。[解析]句意：我們有啤酒、威士忌、可樂(lè)，還有一些軟飲料，所以請(qǐng)自便。makeoneselfathome為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“請(qǐng)自便”，故答案為A。athand意為“在手邊，即將到來(lái)”;atheart意為“內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上”;atlarge意為“在逃的”。41、A[考點(diǎn)]本題考查名詞詞義辨析。[解析]句意：馬具有比人類高度發(fā)達(dá)的視覺(jué)和聽(tīng)覺(jué)。senses意為“感覺(jué)官能，意識(shí)”，符合句意，故答案為A。skills意為“技能，技藝”;customs意為“風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣”;abilities意為“能力，才能”。42、A[考點(diǎn)]本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。[解析]句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)我是一個(gè)視覺(jué)學(xué)習(xí)者：當(dāng)教授用黑板的時(shí)候，我學(xué)得最好。visual意為“視力的，視覺(jué)的”，符合句意，故答案為A。audio意為“音頻的，聲音的”;active意為“積極的，活躍的”;fast意為“迅速的，敏捷的”。43、B[考點(diǎn)]本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。[解析]句意：超市前面停了許多車。alargenumberof意為“許多，大量”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。同時(shí)，cars和parked之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，因此句子要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案為B。44、C[考點(diǎn)]本題考查連詞辨析。[解析]句意：雖然他們努力了，但他們還是沒(méi)能爬到山頂。as可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然，盡管”，位于句首時(shí)要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，將表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形提到as前面，故答案為C。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句;when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或原因狀語(yǔ)從句。45、B[考點(diǎn)]本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。[解析]句意：我剛轉(zhuǎn)彎看到我的狗，它就向我沖過(guò)來(lái)。hardly...when...表示“剛一……就……”，hardly后要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，句子要部分倒裝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處與turned是并列的關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式seen，故答案為B。46、C[考點(diǎn)]本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。[解析]句意：包括郵費(fèi)的話，這部智能手機(jī)將花費(fèi)你至少3000元。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，postage______應(yīng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，postage與include之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，故答案為C。47、D[考點(diǎn)]本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。[解析]