2024版新教材高考英語全程一輪總復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)10Unit2Naturaldisasters牛津譯林版必修第三冊(cè)

課時(shí)作業(yè)(十)必修第三冊(cè)Unit2NaturaldisastersⅠ.閱讀理解A[2023·濟(jì)南名校高三交流聯(lián)考]CarlAllamby,theowneroftwoauto-repairshopswith11employees,hadbecomedesirousofsomethingmore.Atfirst,hethoughtitmusthavetodowithgrowinghisbusinessevenfurther.Therefore,theOhioresidentdecidedtogoforhisuniversity'sdegreeinbusinessmanagement.Aftertakingclassespart-timeoverthenextfiveyears,Allambywastold,unexpectedly，thathehadtotakebiologytogethisdegree.Itturnedouttobethebestthingthatcouldhavehappened.Thebiologyclassrekindledachildhooddreamthathehadputawaysomewheredeepwithinhimself.“Afterthefirstday,Irememberedthisfeelingofwantingtobeadoctor，”Allambysays.GrowingupinapoorAfricanAmericanneighborhood,hefacedlowexpectationsandnumerousbarrierstopursuinghisdream.Hisschooldidn'toffertheadvancedscienceclassesthatmighthaveledhimonamedicalpath.Evenifithad,doingwellinschoolcouldprovedangerous—studentswhobroughtbooksbackhomewouldalwaysberobbed(搶劫).Sohesetasidethoughtsofbecomingadoctorinfavorofamorerealisticcareerpath—fixingcars.Yearslater,adifferentCarlAllamby,withthesupportofhiswifeandfamily,decidedtoskipbusinessschoolinfavorofthescienceclasseshe'dneedforasecondcareerasahealthcareworker.Andin2015,Allambycuttieswithhispast,sellinghistwoshopsandeverythingthatwasinthem.ThenhestartedatNortheastOhioMedicalUniversity.Attheageof47,asamedicaldoctor,hetookajobinemergencymedicineatClevelandClinicAkronGeneral.“IamtoldthatIshouldn'tbeadoctor，”hesays.“Whetherit'sbecauseofmyage,myrace,myupbringingormypastcareer,theseareallgoodreasonswhyIshouldn'tbehere.Andyet,hereIam.”1．WhydidCarltakebusinessmanagementclassesinhisopinionatfirst?A．Becausehewantedtomeetmorepotentialemployees.B．Becausehewantedtoberespectedbyhisemployees.C.Becausehewantedtoimprovehiscompany'sbusiness.D．Becausehewantedtobequalifiedforaprofessor'sjob.2．Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“rekindled”？A．Tookon.B．Pulledover.C．Putout.D．Broughtback.3．WhatmakesCarlfailtopursuehisdream?A．Thepoorpathtohisschool.B．ThedangerouscrimesinAfrica.C．Lackoftheaccesstosomekeycourses.D.Lackofthemoneytobuyadvancedtextbooks.4．WhichwordcanbestdescribeCarlAllamby?A．Gifted.B．Determined.C．Enthusiastic.D．Powerful.B[2023·湖南省高三六校聯(lián)考]Theproverbthatanappleadaykeepsthedoctorawayalsoappliestoapplewine,sayexperts.Theyhavefoundthefirstevidencethatthedrinkmadefromfermentedapplejuiceisgoodforyourhealth.Itispackedwithchemicalsthathelpprotectagainstcancer,heartdiseaseandotheragerelatedconditions.Applewine,oneofEngland'soldestalcoholicdrinks,haslongbeenthoughttobebeneficialtohealth,buttherewasnoproof.Nowscientistshaveconfirmedtherearehighlevelsofhealth-improvingantioxidants(抗氧化物質(zhì))inthewine.Halfapintofapplewineinmoderation(適度)deliversthesameamountofantioxidantsasaglassofredwine,recognizedashavinghealthbenefits.Antioxidantscan“getridof”substancescalledfreeradicals(自由基),naturallyproducedinthebody.Dr.CarelineWalker,ascientistatBrewingResearchInternational,said,“Adietrichinantioxidantsmayhelptoprotectagainstdiseaseandourresearchconfirmsapplewinehasthesamelevelsofantioxidantsasredwine.Itcouldwellbeclaimedthataglassofapplewineadaywillkeepthedoctoraway.Butitisimportantthatnoonedrinkbeyondtherecommendeddailyintakeofthealcohol—anaverageapplewinehavingabout2.5unitsperpint”SeparatetrialsonvolunteerapplewinedrinkersattheInstituteofFoodResearch,Norwich,detailsofwhicharepublishedinthelatestJournalofNutrition,showedtheantioxidantsarerapidlyabsorbedintothebloodstream,enhancingthehealthbenefit.JohnThatcher,formerchairmanoftheNationalAssociationofCiderMakers,said,“Ihavespentalifetimemakingapplewine,enjoyingaregularglassortwo,andnowIcanenjoyitallthemoreknowingitishelpingtokeepmehealthy.”5．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsuggest?A．Applewinehasalonghistory.B．Applewinecancuresomediseases.C．Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.D．Applewinehelpstokeeppeoplehealthy.6．Whyisapplewinebeneficialtohealthaccordingtotheresearch?A．Itcanhelppeoplekeepslim.B．Itisrichinantioxidantsgoodforhealth.C．Itismainlymadefromfermentedapplejuice.D．Itcanhelppeopletotakeinmorefreeradicals.7．WhichofthefollowingisDr.Walker'sideaaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Applewineismoresuitableforwomenthanmen.B．Inthefutureapplewinewilltaketheplaceofredwine.C.Drinkingapplewinemoderatelyisbeneficialtoourhealth.D.Themoreapplewinewedrink,thehealthierwewillbecome.8．Whatdoweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Antioxidantscanberapidlyabsorbedbyourbody.B．Applewinehasbeenconfirmedbetterthanapples.C．Excessivewinedrinkingdoesgreatharmtoourhealth.D．JournalofNutritionisinthechargeofJohnThatcher.[答題區(qū)]題號(hào)12345678答案Ⅱ.閱讀七選五[2023·青島市高三調(diào)研]Surpriseistheerrorsignalourbrainsproducewhensomethingunexpectedhappens.Itisadopamine(多巴胺)trigger，producingtheneurotransmitter(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì))thatdrivesattentionandmotivation.__1__Itmakesusstop,notice,andlearn.InhisbookThePowerofSurprise,Rousellpresentshisfindingfromdecadesofhisresearch:__2__Theyformourself-concept.__3__Samanthafelthershynesswasaweakness,untilherswimcoachsurprisedherbynaminghercaptain.Hesaid,“Shemaybequiet,butwhenthisgirlsayssomething,you'regoingtowanttolisten.”Thesurpriseleftherfeelingquietlypowerful.Thechangeinherbeliefsandbehaviorswasinstantandlasting.Notallsurprisingmomentsarecreatedequal.Rousellillustratessomeresearch-backedstepstousesurprisewell.Spotself-criticismyou'dliketohelpsomeonerevise.Forexample,perhapsyourstudentseeshimselfasaslowlearner,oryouremployeebelieveshelackscreativity.__4__Maybethestudentwhothinkshelearnsslowlyisalsoverythorough.Theemployeewhothinkshelackscreativityishighlylogical.Makeyourmessagequickandtothepoint.Themoreyoudelayonthetopicordressitupasflowerypraise,thelesssurprisingitwillbe.__5__A．Pointouthisweakness.B．Itwasanessentialadaptationforhumans.C．Identifytheoppositesideofthesamecoin.D．Also,itwillmakelessdifferencetoone'smind.E．Hereisanexampletheauthorsharesinhisbook.F．Toputitsimply,surpriseisabigdealtoourbrains.G．Surprisebringstheexperiencesshapingwhowebelieveweare.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________Ⅲ.語法填空[2023·福建省百校第一次聯(lián)考]PoetSuShi(1037-1101),alsoknownasSuDongpo,oftheSongDynasty,isoneofthemostrecognizedChinese1.________(culture)icons(偶像)ofalltime.Hislegacy,2.________(include)hiscalligraphy,paintingandhisbroadinfluenceinlotsoffields,aswellashispoetry,iscelebratedeventoday.Amusical，SuDongpo,3.________(base)onSu'slifetimestory,willpremiere(首映)atBeijing'sTianqiaoPerformingArtsCenteronMay4.andwilllast4.________May8.Themusical5.________(tell)thestoryofSu,borninMeishan,nowinmodern-daySichuanProvince,fromhisyouthtohislastdaysinChangzhou,JiangsuProvince.Attheageof20,Superformedbrilliantlyintheimperialexaminations6.________beganalonganddistinguishedcareerasanofficial,workinginvariousgovernmental7.________(position).However,hewentthroughaseriesofpoliticalsetbacks,includingrelegation(貶謫)indistantplaces.Inspiteof8.________hardships,hewasoptimistic9.________(work).ThemusicalalsoshowstherelationshipbetweenSuandhisfamily,10.________(especial)hisfatherSuXunandhisyoungerbrotherSuZhe,both,likehim,accomplishedmenofletters.SuShi'sloveforhiswife,WangFu,isanotherhighlightofthemusical.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________課時(shí)作業(yè)(十)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——生活與學(xué)習(xí)——追逐兒時(shí)夢(mèng)想【語篇解讀】汽車修理店老板CarlAllamby一開始為了改善公司經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況，報(bào)了企業(yè)管理的大學(xué)課程。五年后，學(xué)校稱他得完成生物課程才能獲得學(xué)位。這也讓他想起了兒時(shí)想成為醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想。經(jīng)過數(shù)年的努力，Carl終于成了一名醫(yī)生，實(shí)現(xiàn)了兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想。1．答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段中的“hethoughtitmusthavetodowithgrowinghisbusinessevenfurther”可知，Carl剛開始認(rèn)為，自己之所以報(bào)名企業(yè)管理課程是為了改善公司經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況，故C項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：D理解詞匯。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句和下文中Carl所說的“Irememberedthisfeelingofwantingtobeadoctor”可知，生物課讓他回憶起了埋在內(nèi)心深處的自己兒時(shí)想成為醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想，故D項(xiàng)與畫線詞的意義最為接近。rekindle“使重新活躍；使復(fù)蘇”；pullover“靠邊停車”。3．答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)第三段中的“Hisschooldidn'toffertheadvancedscienceclassesthatmighthaveledhimonamedicalpath”可知，作者所在的學(xué)校不提供高等理科課程，這阻礙了他追逐夢(mèng)想，故C項(xiàng)正確。4．答案與解析：B推斷。明題意：本題問“哪個(gè)詞最能形容CarlAllamby？”→尋線索：根據(jù)整篇文章對(duì)Carl的描述尤其是最后一段中的“theseareallgoodreasonswhyIshouldn'tbehere.Andyet,hereIam”可知，Carl克服了重重障礙才實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想，由此可見，他是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人。→定答案：A項(xiàng)“有天賦的”；B項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)毅的”；C項(xiàng)“熱情的，熱心的”；D項(xiàng)“有權(quán)勢(shì)的”。故B項(xiàng)正確。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——蘋果酒有利于身體健康【語篇解讀】研究發(fā)現(xiàn)適量飲用蘋果酒有利于身體健康。5．答案與解析：D理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyhavefound...goodforyourhealth”可知，蘋果酒有利于身體健康，故D項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowscientistshaveconfirmed...inthewine”可知，蘋果酒中含有可以改善健康狀況的抗氧化物質(zhì)，所以蘋果酒對(duì)身體有好處，故B項(xiàng)正確。7．答案與解析：C推斷。明題意：本題問“根據(jù)第四段，以下哪項(xiàng)是Walker博士的觀點(diǎn)？”→尋線索：根據(jù)第四段中Walker博士所說的“Butitisimportantthat...thealcohol”可以看出，Walker博士認(rèn)為適量飲用蘋果酒對(duì)身體有益?！ù鸢福篈項(xiàng)“女性比男性更適合喝蘋果酒”，B項(xiàng)“未來，蘋果酒將取代紅酒”，C項(xiàng)“適當(dāng)喝蘋果酒對(duì)身體有益”，D項(xiàng)“我們飲用越多蘋果酒，我們將越健康”。故C項(xiàng)正確。8．答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)第五段中的“theantioxidantsarerapidlyabsorbedintothebloodstream,enhancingthehealthbenefit”可知，抗氧化物質(zhì)可以迅速被我們的身體吸收，故A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自我——認(rèn)識(shí)自我——驚訝的力量1．答案與解析：F根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，空前講述了驚訝的基本信息?？蘸笾v了驚訝對(duì)我們的作用。由此可知，空處應(yīng)承上啟下，介紹驚訝與我們有關(guān)的基本信息，故F項(xiàng)符合語境。2．答案與解析：G根據(jù)空前的“Inhisbook...ofhisresearch”可知，在他的書中，Rousell介紹了他幾十年來的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可知，空處應(yīng)說明研究發(fā)現(xiàn)具體是什么，G選項(xiàng)“驚訝?zhēng)淼捏w驗(yàn)塑造了我們所認(rèn)為的自己”承接上文，且空后的They指代G項(xiàng)中的experiences，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。3．答案與解析：E本空為該段主旨句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，Samantha覺得害羞是她的弱點(diǎn)，直到她的游泳教練任命她為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，這讓她大吃一驚。教練的話讓她覺得自己很強(qiáng)大。她的信念和行為發(fā)生了立刻而持久的變化。由此可知，這是列舉的一個(gè)具體例子，故E項(xiàng)“下面是作者在他的書中分享的一個(gè)例子”符合語境。4．答案與解析：C根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，學(xué)生也許認(rèn)為自己學(xué)習(xí)很慢，員工也許認(rèn)為自己缺乏創(chuàng)造力。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，認(rèn)為自己學(xué)得慢的學(xué)生也是很仔細(xì)周到的；認(rèn)為自己缺乏創(chuàng)造力的員工是很有邏輯的。由此可知，我們要看到一件事情的另一面，C項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境。5．答案與解析：D根據(jù)空前的“Themoreyou...lesssurprisingitwillbe”可知，你在這個(gè)話題上越拖延，或者把它裝扮成華麗的贊美，它就越不令人驚訝。故D項(xiàng)“而且，它對(duì)