2023年考研英語(二)真題(試卷+答案)

Somehow,whenyouhit30,thechancethatsomethingexcitingandnewwillhappenatthatpartyjustdoesn’tseemtooutweightheeffortofgettingupoffthecouch.36.AccordingtoParagraph1,childrengrowingintoadolescencetendto_________.[A]developoppositepersonalitytraits[B]seetheworldinanunreasonableway[C]havefondmemoriesoftheirpast[D]showaffectionfortheirparents37.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatCrone’sstudy_________.[A]exploresteenagers’socialresponsibilities[B]examinesteenagers’emotionalproblems[C]providesanewinsightintoadolescence[D]highlightsnegativeadolescentbehavior38.WhatdoesCrone’sstudyfindaboutprosocialbehavior?[A]Itresultsfromthewishtocooperate.[B]Itiscultivatedthrougheducation.[C]Itissubjecttofamilyinfluence.[D]Ittendstopeakinadolescence.39.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatteenagers_________.[A]overstresstheirinfluenceonothers[B]carealotaboutsocialrecognition[C]becomeanxiousabouttheirfuture[D]endeavortoliveajoyfullife40.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?[A]Whyteenagersareself-contradictory.[B]Whyteenagersarerisk-sensitive.[C]Howteenagersdevelopprosociality.[D]Howteenagersbecomeindependent.PartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Net-zerorulessettosendcostofnewhomesandextensionssoaringNewbuildingregulationsaimedatimprovingenergyefficiencyaresettoincreasethepriceofnewhomes,aswellasthoseofextensionsandloftconversionsonexistingones.Therules,whichcameintoeffectonWednesdayinEngland,arepartofgovernmentplanstoreducetheUK’scarbonemissionstonetzeroby2050.Theysetnewstandardsforventilation,energyefficiencyandheating,andstatethatnewresidentialbuildingsmusthavechargingpointsforelectricvehicles.Themovesarethemostsignificantchangetobuildingregulationsinyears,andindustryexpertssaytheywillinevitablyleadtohigherpricesatatimewhenashortageofmaterialsandhighlabourcostsisalreadydrivingupbills.BrianBerry,chiefexecutiveoftheFederationofMasterBuilders,saysthemeasureswillrequirenewmaterials,testingmethods,productsandsystemstobeinstalled.“Allthiscomesatanincreasedcostduringatimewhenpricesarealreadyskyhigh.Inevitably,consumerswillhavetopaymore,”hesays.GarethBelsham,ofsurveyorsNaismiths,sayspeoplewhoareupgrading,orextendingtheirhome,willbedirectlyaffected.“Thebiggestchangesrelatetoheatingandinsulation,”heexplains.“Therearenewrulesconcerningtheamountofglazingusedinextensions,andanynewwindowsordoorsmustbehighlyinsulated.”Windowsanddoorswillhavetoadheretohigherstandards,whiletherearenewlimitsontheamountofglazingyoucanhavetoreduceunwantedheatfromthesun.ThomasGoodman,ofMyJobQuote,saysthiswillbringinnewrestrictionsforextensions.“Glazingonwindows,doorsandrooflightsmustcovernomorethan25%ofthefloorareatopreventheatloss,”hesays.AstherulescameintoeffectlastWednesday,propertydeveloperswererushingtofileplansjustbeforethedeadline.Anyplanssubmittedbeforethatdateareconsideredtobeunderthepreviousrules,andcangoaheadaslongasworkstartsbefore15Junenextyear.Builderswhichhavecostedprojects,buthavenotfiledthepaperwork,mayneedtogobackandsubmitfreshestimates,saysMarcusJeffordofBuildAviator.Materialspricesarealreadyup25%inthelasttwoyears.Howmuchoverallpriceswillincreaseasaresultoftherulechangesisnotclear.“Whileadmirableintheirintentions,theywilladdtothecostofhousebuildingatatimewhenmanyalreadyfeelthattheyarepricedoutofhomeownership,”saysJonathanRolandeoftheNationalAssociationofPropertyBuyers.“Anaverageextensionwillprobablyseearound￡3,000additionalcostthankstothenewregs.”JohnKelly,aconstructionlawyeratFreethslawfirm,believespriceswilleventuallycomedown.Butnotintheimmediatefuture.“Asthemarketplaceadaptstothenewrequirements,andthetechnologiesthatsupportthem,thescalingupofthesetechnologieswilleventuallybringcostsdown,butintheshortterm,wewillallhavetopaythepriceofthenecessarytransition,”hesays.However,thelong-termeffectsofthechangeswillbemorecomfortableandenergy-efficienthomes,addsAndrewMellor,ofPRParchitects.“Homeownerswillprobablyrecoupthatcostovertimeinenergybillsavings.Itwillobviouslybeveryvolatileatthemoment,buttheywillhavethatbenefitovertime.”A.Theriseofhousepriceisatemporarymatter.41.BrianBerryB.Builderspossiblyneedtosubmitnewestimatesoftheirprojects.42.GarethBelshamC.Therewillbespecificlimitonhomeextensionstopreventheatloss.43.MarcusJeffordD.Thenewruleswilltakehomepricestoanevenhigherlevel.44.JohnKellyE.Manypeoplefeelthathomepricesarealreadybeyondwhattheycanafford.45.AndrewMellorF.Thenewruleswillaffectpeoplewhosehomeextensionsincludenewwindowsordoors.G.Therulechangeswillbenefithomeownerseventually.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Inthelate18thcentury,WilliamWordsworthbecamefamousforhispoemaboutnature.AndhewasoneofthefoundersofamovementcalledRomanticism,whichcelebratedthewondersofnaturalworld.Poetryispowerful.Itsenergyandrhythmcancaptureareader,transportthemtoanotherworldandmakethemseethingsdifferently.Throughcarefullyselectedwordsandphrases,poemscanbedramatic,funny,movingandinspiring. Nooneknowsforsurewhenpoetrybeganbutithasbeenaroundforthousandsofyears,evenbeforepeoplecouldwrite.Itwasawaytotellstoriesandpassdownhistory.Itiscloselyrelatedtosongandevenwhenwrittenitisusuallycreatedtobeperformedoutloud.Poemsreallycometolifewhentheyarerecited.Thiscanalsohelpwithunderstandingthemtoo,becausetherhythmandsoundsofthewordsbecomeclearer.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:AnartexhibitionandarobotshowaretobeheldonSunday,andyourfriendDavidasksyouwhichoneheshouldgoto.Writehimanemailto1)makeasuggestion,and2)giveyourreason(s).Writeyouranswerinabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameinyouremail;use“LiMing”instead.(10points)PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyouressay,youshould1)describeandinterpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Writeyouranswerinabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)2012-2021年我國(guó)居民健康素養(yǎng)水平*健康素養(yǎng)(healthliteracy)是指?jìng)€(gè)人獲取和理解基本健康信息和服務(wù)，并運(yùn)用這些信息和服務(wù)作出正確決策，以維護(hù)和促進(jìn)自身健康的能力。健康素養(yǎng)水平指具備基本健康素養(yǎng)的人在總?cè)巳海?5-69歲城鄉(xiāng)居民）中所占的比例。

2023年考研英語（二）真題答案SectionIUseofEnglish(10points)1.B2.C3.A4.D5.D6.D7.A8.B9.B10.C11.C12.D13.C14.A15.A16.B17.D18.B19.C20.ASectionIIReadingComprehension(60points)PartA(40points)Text121.A22.B23.B24.C25.DText226.D27.A28.C29.B30.DText331.C32.D33.A34.A35.BText436.A37.C38.D39.B40.APartB(10points)41.D42.F43.B44.A45.GPartC(15points)18世紀(jì)晚期，威廉·華茲華斯因其關(guān)于自然的詩而聞名。他是浪漫主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的創(chuàng)始人之一，該運(yùn)動(dòng)頌揚(yáng)自然世界的奇跡。詩歌是有力量的。它的能量和節(jié)奏可以吸引讀者，把他們帶到另一個(gè)世界，讓他們以不同的方式看待事物。通過精心挑選的單詞和短語，詩歌可以是戲劇性的、有趣的、感人的和鼓舞人心的。沒有人確切地知道詩歌是什么時(shí)候開始的，但它已經(jīng)存在了數(shù)千年，甚至在人們會(huì)寫字之前。這是一種講述故事和傳承歷史的方式。它與歌曲密切相關(guān)，即使是寫出來的，也通常是為了大聲表演而創(chuàng)作的。詩歌被引用時(shí)才真正生動(dòng)起來。這也有助于理解它們，因?yàn)閱卧~的節(jié)奏和發(fā)音變得更加清晰。WritingPartA(10points)【參考范文】DearDavid,How’severythinggoingrecently?Iamwritingthislettertomakeasuggestionthatyoushouldgototheartexhibitionandgivemyreasons.Thedetailedreasonsformysuggestioncanbegivenasfollows.Tobeginwith,theartexhibition,onthethemeofChineseculture,includes2parts,theintroductionofChinesecultureandtheexhibitionofextraordinaryartworks.Inadditiontothat,becauseitmakesyouhaveadeeperunderstandingandexperienceinthefieldofChineseculture,youcanlearnaboutthehistoricmeaningonChineseculture.Therefore,itisofgreatsignificanceforyoutogototheartexhibition.Yourattentiontomysuggestionandreasonswouldbehighlyappreciated.Idohopethatyoucanfindmysuggestionhelpfulanduseful.Yours,LiMingWritingPartB(15points)ThelinechartvividlydepictsthechangeinChineseresidents’healthliteracylevelfrom2012to2021.Healthliteracy,whichreferstopeople’sabilitytoaccessbasichealthcareinformationandservices,andtopromotetheirhearthconditionbasedonthem,seemstohaveahighercoveragethan10yearsage.Theproportionofthosewithadequatehealthliteracyamongallresidentsagingfrom15to69haskeptgrowingstablyinthelastdecade.In2012,thenumberwas8.8%,butwhenitcomesto2021,itreached25.4%,whichisagoodnewsforallresidents.Thereare