考點(diǎn)06翻譯?？贾攸c(diǎn)句型梳理及四字格專訓(xùn)春季高考英語(yǔ)沖刺總復(fù)習(xí)

考點(diǎn)06翻譯常考重點(diǎn)句型梳理及四字格專訓(xùn)·模塊一重點(diǎn)句型·模塊二四字成語(yǔ)·模塊三高考英語(yǔ)翻譯中的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤·模塊四20202022年春季高考真題特訓(xùn)·模塊五2024屆上海名校?？碱}特訓(xùn)模塊一模塊一重點(diǎn)句型考情分析高考英語(yǔ)中設(shè)立翻譯題，是對(duì)考生詞匯、語(yǔ)法、句型結(jié)構(gòu)等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的綜合考查。高考中的漢譯英多為簡(jiǎn)單句或簡(jiǎn)單的復(fù)合句，所考核的詞匯也是常用詞，但學(xué)生必須在比較兩種語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)翻譯出不僅意思準(zhǔn)確，而且符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的好句子。歷年考點(diǎn)近3年真題考點(diǎn)分布年份句子翻譯考查重難點(diǎn)2023上海秋考as、which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、賓語(yǔ)從句2023上海春考被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、狀語(yǔ)從句、比較句型、therebe句型2022上海秋考非謂語(yǔ)、祈使句、狀語(yǔ)從句、固定短語(yǔ)搭配、四字格意譯2022上海春考句型：ithasbeen+時(shí)間段+since…、非謂語(yǔ)用法、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、短語(yǔ)搭配2021上海秋考并列句、祈使句、非限制定語(yǔ)從句、四字格意譯2021上海春考特殊句式、狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句、四字格的直譯與意譯年份句子翻譯考查重難點(diǎn)2010形容詞比較級(jí)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)；賓語(yǔ)從句；when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2011because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；if引導(dǎo)的條狀狀語(yǔ)從句；定語(yǔ)從句；nolonger引導(dǎo)的倒裝句2012一般過(guò)去時(shí)；It作形式主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；賓語(yǔ)從句；介詞短語(yǔ)owingto2013一般過(guò)去時(shí)；as...as句型；which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句nosooner...than；nosooner引導(dǎo)的倒裝句2014形容詞比較級(jí)；forfearthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句；while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；It作形式主語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句2015If引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；介詞+whom定語(yǔ)從句；inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句；what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2016although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；themoment引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；賓語(yǔ)從句2017春考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；比較級(jí)句型the+比較級(jí)+句子；therebe句型2017秋考It做形式主語(yǔ)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞wouldrather2018春考祈使句；賓語(yǔ)從句；when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2018秋考一般過(guò)去時(shí)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may；一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2019春考強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句；whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句2019秋考How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句；as引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語(yǔ)從句；as...as句型；what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。2020春考As引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句；when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；it做形式賓語(yǔ)2020秋考substitute的用法；inorderthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句；when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；分詞作狀語(yǔ)及四字格翻譯根據(jù)歷年來(lái)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，上海高考中譯英的考察點(diǎn)主要有以下十點(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、倒裝、連詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、詞組及固定搭配、代詞、介詞、冠詞等。本章主題將根據(jù)這十點(diǎn)及相關(guān)內(nèi)容，具體敘述下上海高考英語(yǔ)中譯英要翻譯出“正確通順句子”的技巧。上海高考翻譯評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1．每題中單詞拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙垡环郑?．語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤（包括時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤）每處扣一分；3．譯文沒(méi)用所給的單詞扣一分。據(jù)說(shuō)新的微博用戶注冊(cè)時(shí)必須用實(shí)名的原因是保護(hù)網(wǎng)民的利益和提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可信度。(register)Itissaidthatthereasonwhynewusersofmicroblogmustuserealnameswhentheyareregistering0.51.51istoprotectwebusers’interestsandimprovecredibilityofInternet.11知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：重點(diǎn)句型【知識(shí)梳理】1．倒裝句型否定詞及否定意思的短語(yǔ)位于句首Only+狀語(yǔ)(介詞、副詞、從句)位于句首So/Such位于句首adj./adv./n./v.+as/though+S+V(讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)【典型例題】(Nolonger)【答案】Nolongerhasshekeptintouchwithussinceshewentabroadforfurtherstudy/education.(2013年高考）2.【答案】NosoonerhadshewatchedtheTVprogramontheextinctspeciesthanshemadeuphermindtojointhewildlifeprotectionorganization.2．Therebe句型常描述存在或有無(wú)的關(guān)系，有具體的時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)形式。Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todo...Thereisnodoubtthat...Thereisnosense/pointdoing...Thereisnopossibilitythat...Thereisnodenyingthat...【典型例題】pn)【答案】Isthereanypointliningupforthewholenightjusttobuyapairofsportsshoes?as譯為“隨著”as譯為“正如”，用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as譯為“雖然”表語(yǔ)／狀語(yǔ)／謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形＋as＋主謂as…as像…一樣…【典型例題】【答案】Ashisphysicalstrengthreturnstonormal,theamateurcyclist’sdreamofwinningachampionshipwillnolongerbebeyondreach.Asisintroducedinthebooklet/brochure/leaflet,thedriversheresharethehabitofpolitelygivingwayto/makingwayforpedestrians.Asthebrochureputit,allthedrivershereformthehabitofpolitelywaitingtillthepedestriansgo/cross(thestreet)first.4.形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)it：常需要用形式主語(yǔ)來(lái)翻譯的情況：It做形式主語(yǔ)（指代todo/doing/主語(yǔ)從句）（1）It’s+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.（2）Itsohappenedthat…（3）It’sreported/believed/estimatedthat…（4）在含有某些形容詞的句子中，如important,necessary,impossible,natural,mon,strange等。（5）It’slikelythat…（6）Itisthefirst/secondtimethat…h(huán)avedone；Itwasthefirsttimethat…h(huán)addone;Itis(high/about)timethat…did；Itistimeforsb.todosth.（7）Itisuptosbtodosth.【典型例題】1.(2010年高考）（once）allagreethatoncetheconclusionoftheinvestigationisdrawn,itwillbemadeknowntothepublicassoonaspossible.(It)【答案】Itisadifficultproblemforhighschoolstudentswhethertheycanresistthetemptationofonlinegames.it做形式賓語(yǔ)（指代todo/doing/賓語(yǔ)從句）find/feel/think/consider+it+adj./n.+（forsb)+todosth./that…makeitaruletodo/that…雷打不動(dòng)。。。【典型例題】ThesecollegestudentsmakeitaruletovolunteerintheorphanageeveryWednesday,teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructingthekidshowtopapercutandknit.ThesecollegestudentsmakeitaruletogototheorphanageasvolunteerseveryWednesday,teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructingthekidstodopapercuttingandweaving/knitting.It用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型（陳述，一般疑問(wèn)，特殊疑問(wèn)）【典型例題】ItwasnotuntilthelatetwentiethcenturythatChineseathletesbegantosurprisetheworldwiththeirexcellentperformancesattheOlympics.5.名詞性從句what句型，譯為“……的是”Whatmattersis...Whatimpresses/surprises/interestssb.is...Whatsbbeconcernedaboutis...【典型例題】)【答案】Whatmakesthegameuniqueisthatithelpschildrenlearnhowtocopewithproblemsinreallife.2.(2019年秋考））【答案】WhatonearthhasmotivatedXiaoenthusiasm/initiativetomajorinelectronicengineering?6.狀語(yǔ)從句while,when,before和since句型while...，....雖然…但是（仍舊）…...,while.........,而……......was/weredoing...when...did...正在...這時(shí)突然.........hadhardlydone...when...did...一......就......Itwillbe/was+時(shí)段before+句子Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)段since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子【典型例題】【答案】Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwith【例題精講】例1.(It)Itisclaimedthatweightlosspillshaveaneffectiveandimmediateeffectandareharmless/donoharmtoourbutitisfarfromthetruth/case.例2.(beupto)It'suptoyouwhatkindoflifeyouwillleadinthefuture.【課堂練習(xí)】1.myparents'satisfaction,thediningroomofthisapartmentoverlookstheCenturyParkoppositethestreetandsoitiswiththesittingroom.或者WhatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfyisthattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment,socantheyfromthelivingroom.2.（WhatisworthmentioningisthatunderMrs.（Mr.）Wang’sinfluencehercolleagueslaynotasmuchemphasisontheirkids’performanceasontheireffort.模塊模塊二四字成語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)二：四字成語(yǔ)【知識(shí)梳理】上海20102020英語(yǔ)高考翻譯中的成語(yǔ)（四字結(jié)構(gòu)）2012翹首以盼belookingforwardto2013耳熟能詳befamiliarto2016有朝一日；欣喜萬(wàn)分someday;befilledwithjoy2017立竿見(jiàn)影haveaneffectiveandimmediateeffect2019秋判若兩人；遙不可及2020春雷打不動(dòng)；曇花一現(xiàn)makeitarule;itdidn’tlastlong/itlasted(for)onlyaveryshorttime2020秋春暖花開(kāi)warmspringesandflowersblossom2021春空無(wú)一人蜿蜒流淌emptywinding2021秋不期而遇meetbychance2022秋悠閑愜意細(xì)水長(zhǎng)流carefree/relaxing/leisurelyandpleasant/fortableeasywaterflowingoutinatrickletakesalongtimetoexhaust【例題精講】例1.(2012高考）dnsrae)Attheexhibition,thepany’ssalesmanagerdemonstratedthenew(typeof)electronictoys(witch/that)childrenwerelookingforwardto.例2.（2013高考）far)Theperformancebeganwithapieceofclassicalmusicwhichwasfamiliartopeopleintheirfifties.例3.(2016高考）（hope）Ireallyhopethatmyarticlewillbepublishedinanewspapersomeday.【課堂練習(xí)】1.（2016高考）Theen…)Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwith(2019春考）（whose）Thismuseumisnotwellmanaged,whoseexhibitsarecoveredwithdust,andtherearefewvisitors,soeverythingisbadlyinneedofimprovement.或Themuseumwhosemanagementisreckless,whoseexhibitsarepiledwithdustandwhoselobbyisdeserted,requiresimmediateimprovement.（2019秋考）與他學(xué)生時(shí)代相比，那位士兵簡(jiǎn)直判若兩人。（How）Howdifferentapersonthesoldiernowisfromwhathewasatschool!4.（2019秋考）隨著體力逐漸恢復(fù)正常，那位業(yè)余自行車手的奪冠夢(mèng)想不再遙不可及。（normal）Ashisphysicalstrengthreturnstonormal,theamateurcyclist’sdreamofwinningachampionshipwillnolongerbebeyondreach.模塊模塊三高考英語(yǔ)翻譯中的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤知識(shí)點(diǎn)三：高考英語(yǔ)翻譯中的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤【知識(shí)梳理】Checklist1使用了正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)2使用了正確的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)3使用了正確的特/泛指4根據(jù)中文選擇對(duì)應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)句型5確認(rèn)理解并表達(dá)出了中文句子的含義6確認(rèn)使用了括號(hào)中提供的關(guān)鍵詞7確認(rèn)動(dòng)詞搭配中的非謂語(yǔ)，介詞等【例題精講】例1.（2010年高考）（therebe）Atfirstsight,thereisnothingspecialaboutthewatch,butinfactitisamobilephone.例2.(2011年高考）IoftenmistakeHaiforhistwinbrotherbecausetheylooksosimilar/verymuchalike.【課堂練習(xí)】1.(2012年高考）由于天氣惡劣，航班延誤了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。(owing)Owingtobadweather,theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.2.（2013年高考）舅舅昨天寄給我一張卡片，祝賀我18歲生日。(congratulate)Myunclesentmeacardyesterdaytocongratulate/congratulatingmeonmy18thturn)Whilemodernrichinmaterialresources,hasgivenconsumersmorechoices,italsoturnsmanyofthemintocrazyshoppers.Streetartistshavebroughtbrilliantcolorstooldneighborhoodswiththeircreativity.(witness)ThelatetwentiethcenturywitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofIn/During/Overthepastthreeyears,hehasmittedhimself/hasbeenmittedallthetimetoresearching/studyingtherelationship/connectionbetweenthetransmissionspeedofinformationandtherhythm/paceofhumanlife.(2018年春考）Theyinsistedthattheyweren'tguiltyofrobbing/robberyincourt.（2018年秋考）（1）Momsetsthealarmclockringingeverysixhoursasaremindertotakeherbaby'stemperature.（2）Momsetsthealarmclockfor(once)everysixhoursasaremindertotakeherbaby'stemperature.（3）Momsetsupanalarmclockwhichgoesoffeverysixhoursasaremindertotakeherbaby'stemperature.模塊模塊四20202022年春季高考真題特訓(xùn)2022年1月春考Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets72他已經(jīng)幾十年沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)如此壯觀的日出了。(since)【參考答案】Ithasbeendecadessincehesaw/witnessedsuchaspectacularsunrise.Hehasn'tseensuchamagnificentsunrisesincedecadesago.Decadeshaspassedsincehelastwitnessedtheimposing/glorious/splendid/impressive/spectacularsunrise考察句型：ithasbeen+時(shí)間段+since…73小張昨天在田里播下種子，期待來(lái)的豐收。(sow)【參考答案】XiaoZhangsowedtheseedsinthefieldyesterday,hopingforagoodharvestintheingyear.XiaoZhangsowedtheseedsinthefieldyesterdayinanticipationofagoodharvestintheingyear.XiaoZhangsowedtheseedsinthefieldyesterday,expectingagoodharvestnextyearXiaoZhangsowedtheseedsinthefieldyesterday,lookingforwardtoagoodharvestintheingyear.XiaoZhangsowedinthefieldyesterday,in(the)hopeofhavingagoodharvestfortheingyear.考察不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化：sowsowedsown(sowed)考察同一句中多個(gè)動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)用法。74鑒于打車不熟悉的老人不在少數(shù)，這家公司提供了一系列服務(wù)來(lái)滿足他們的需求。(afew)【參考答案】Giventhattherearequiteafewseniorswhoarenotproficientincellphonecabs,thepanyoffersarangeofservicestomeettheirneeds.Consideringthattherearequiteafewelderlypeoplewhoareunfamiliarwiththeusageoftaxihailingapps,thepanyhasprovidedaseriesofservicestomeettheirneeds.Given(thefact)that/Inconsiderationofthefactthat/In(the)lightofthefactthat/Inviewofthefactthat/Considering(that)quiteafewelderlypeople/seniorcitizensareunfamiliarwith/arenotfamiliarwith/arenotskilledintakingataxiwithmobilephone/usingmobilephonetotakeataxi,thispanyoffers/provides/presents/furnishes/affords/suppliesaseriesof/arangeof/anarayofservicestorespondto/caterto/meet/satisfy/serve/answeraddresstheirneeds/demands.考察句型：“鑒于…”considering…;giventhat…;......考察短語(yǔ)：“不在少數(shù)”quiteafew75正是因?yàn)樨瀼亍邦櫩蜑楸尽钡睦砟?，那個(gè)落寂已久的社區(qū)商場(chǎng)才得以重回大眾視線。(It)【參考答案】Itisbecauseof/dueto/owningtothecustomerorientedconceptthatthislonglostmunitymallhasbeenabletoreturntothepubliceye.Itwasduetotheimplementationofcustomerorientedphilosophythatthedeserted/desolatedmunityshoppingmallwasbroughtbacktothepubliceye.Itwasbecauseoftheimplementationofthecustomeroriented/customerbasedcustomerfirst"principle/philosophythatthislongfailing/almostdeserted/deadsilent/lifelessmunityshoppingmallreturnedtopublic'sattention/regainedpublic'sattention/camebacktothesightofthepublic.考察句型:“正是因?yàn)椤钡膹?qiáng)調(diào)句表達(dá)；itis/was…that…考察短語(yǔ)：“顧客為本”：customeroriented；“落寞已久”：longneglected/desolated/deserted;“重回大眾視野”：regainpublicattention/backtothepubliceye.2021年1月春考Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets72.羽毛球館空無(wú)一人，為什么燈還亮著？(howe)【答案及解析】Thebadmintoncourt/hall/gym/stadiumisempty,but/andhowethelight(s)is/arestillon?Or:Howethelightisstillonwhenthereisnobodyinthebadmintonstadium.Or:There'snobodyinthebadmintonstadium.Howesthelightisstillon?此句中包含四字語(yǔ)“空無(wú)一人”,這里需要注意howe和why的去區(qū)別，特別是在口語(yǔ)化的場(chǎng)景下大量使用howe代替why，但是注意兩者語(yǔ)序的差別，why后面是部分到狀語(yǔ)序，而why是陳述語(yǔ)序。73.我花了三天時(shí)間畫了一幅風(fēng)景畫，慶祝曾祖父的一百歲壽辰。(take)【答案及解析】Ittookmethreedaystopaintalandscapetocelebratemygreatgrandfather’s100thbirthday.Or:Ittookmethreedaystopaintalandscapetocongratulateonmygreatgrand100thbirthday.Or:Ittakesmethreedaystodrawalandscapetocelebratemygreatgrandfatherbirthday.此句中的“風(fēng)景畫”翻譯為landscape，在考綱詞匯中，是其第二個(gè)意思。take作為花費(fèi)的句型表達(dá)：Ittakes/tooksbsometimetodosth，用it形式主語(yǔ)，不定式作真正主語(yǔ)。此外"曾祖父"翻譯為

greatgrandfather。74.在太空遨游一周后，載人飛船安全著陸，那一刻，原本寂靜無(wú)聲的發(fā)射中心一片歡騰。(Theinstant)【答案及解析】Theinstantthemannedspaceshiplandedsafelyafterflyinginspaceforaweek,thequietlaunchcentreexplodedwithjoyfulcheers.Theinstantthemannedspacecraftlandedsafelyafteraweek’stravelintheuniverse,thepreviouslysilentlaunchingcenterburstintogreatjoy.Theinstantthemannedspacecraftlandedsafelyafteraweek’stravelin

space,thepreviouslysilentlaunchingcenter

burstintogreatjoy.此句中有四字語(yǔ)“安全著路”翻譯為landsafely?！耙黄瑲g騰”翻譯為burstintogreatjoy由于提示詞有大寫字母，實(shí)際考查“一......就“引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，用assoonas作為基本用法。assoonas...可譯為一……就……，用來(lái)表示主從句的動(dòng)作是緊接著發(fā)生的。

Hewilleandseeyouassoonashecan.

他一有空就來(lái)看你。Herushedhomeassoonashegotthegoodnews.他一得到這個(gè)好消息就奔回家。同時(shí)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)用四種變形：（1）一……就……還可以用on/upondoing

結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示OnarrivinghomehecalledupLester.=Assoonashearrivedhome,hecalledupLester.（2）immediately/instantly/directly

相當(dāng)于assoonas，從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。Theyphonedherimmediatelytheyreachedhome.

他一到家馬上就給她打了。

IrecognizedherinstantlyIcaughtaglimpseofher.

我一看見(jiàn)她就把她認(rèn)出來(lái)了。Wecamedirectlywegotyourtelephone.

我們一接到你的就趕來(lái)了。（3）themoment/theminute/theinstant/thesecond

這幾個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)也可用作連詞，直接引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

Hesaidhe'dturnonTVthemomenthegothome.

他說(shuō)他一到家就打開(kāi)電視機(jī)。TellhimIneedtoseehimtheminutehearrives.

告訴他，他一到我就要見(jiàn)他。Thesecondthebellrang,thestudentsrushedoutoftheclassroom.

鈴一響，學(xué)生就沖出了教室。（4）hardly/scarcely…when;

nosooner…than這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都表示剛……就……，可以互換，主句通常用去完成時(shí)。

Hehadnosoonerstartedoutthanhefelthomesick.

他剛出發(fā)就想起家來(lái)。Hehadhardlystartedhisspeechwhensomeonerosetorefutehispoints.他剛開(kāi)始發(fā)言，就有人站起來(lái)反駁他的論點(diǎn)。注意：當(dāng)hardly,scarcely,nosooner

位于句子的開(kāi)頭時(shí)，主句須用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Hardlyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorwokeherup.她剛要睡著，忽然敲門聲把她吵醒。Nosoonerwasthefrostoffthegroundthantheworkbegan.

地上的霜一消散,

人們就開(kāi)始工作了。75.這條小溪蜿蜒流淌，陪伴著世代居住的村民，見(jiàn)證了這個(gè)村莊的日新月異。(pany)【答案及解析】Theriverthatwindsitsway,inthepanyofthevillagerswhohavelivedthereforgenerations,haswitnessedtheongoingchangesinthevillage.Thewindingriverhaskeptthevillagers’panywhohavelivedhereforgenerationsandwitnessedtherapidchangesofthevillage.Thewindingstreamisinpanywiththevillagersallthetimewhohavelivedhereforgenerations,witnessingtherapidchangesofthevillage.注意此句中的四字語(yǔ)“蜿蜒流淌”winding。wind的作為名詞是風(fēng)的意思，作為動(dòng)詞就是“蜿蜒前進(jìn)”。“日新月異”

rapidchanges。此外就是提示詞pany是名詞，因?yàn)榭季V里給的就是名詞，我們首先想到的就是短語(yǔ)：keepsb’spany（變形為keeppanyofsb）或者inpanywith。這里個(gè)別人用pany動(dòng)詞，不過(guò)其可以作為動(dòng)詞是詞典里面的用法，超出考綱范圍，更為重要的是同學(xué)們還學(xué)到動(dòng)詞acpany表示陪伴，很少用到pany作為動(dòng)詞。這個(gè)作為名詞，表示“陪伴”屬于熟詞生義現(xiàn)象。2020年1月春考Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets72. 我們非常感激他們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)上海方言所付出的努力。(appreciate)Wereally/deeply/trulyappreciatetheirefforttopreservetheShanghaidialectWereally/deeply/trulyappreciatetheeffort(that)theyhavemadetopreservetheShanghaidialect.Weappreciateitdeeply/alot/verymuchthattheyhavemadetheirefforttopreservetheShanghaidialect.分析：①非常：放前面可以用really/deeply/truly，放在句式句可用deeply/alot/verymuch②感謝：appreciate考綱主要給出了2種用法a.欣賞；賞識(shí)；重視——appreciatesb./sth.appreciateforeignliterature欣賞到外國(guó)文學(xué)原著Herfamilydoesn'tappreciateher.她的家人不重視她。b.感激；感謝；歡迎【本句翻譯為此種用法，不可用Weappreciatethemfortheireffort......】appreciatesth.appreciateherhelp感激她的幫忙appreciatedoingsth.Idon'tappreciatebeingtreatedlikeasecondclasscitizen.我不愿被人當(dāng)作二等公民。appreciate(sb.)(doing)sth.Wewouldappreciateyoulettingusknowofanyproblems.如有任何問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)告訴我們。③上海方言為專有名詞，前面必須加the，即：theShanghaidialect73.正如這本小冊(cè)子介紹的那樣，這里的司機(jī)都有禮讓行人的習(xí)慣。(As)Asisintroducedinthebooklet/brochure/leaflet,thedriversheresharethehabitofpolitelygivingwayto/makingwayforthepedestrians.Thedriversherehaveagoodhabitofpolitelywaitingtillthepedestriansgo/cross(thestreet)first,asisintroducedinthisbooklet.①小冊(cè)子可以寫作：booklet/brochure/leaflet②正如小冊(cè)子介紹的那樣可寫作：Asisintroducedinthebrochure或Asthebrochureputsit【更為地道，主語(yǔ)人、物均可】③as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，也可放在開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾74.每周三，這些大學(xué)生都會(huì)雷打不動(dòng)地去孤兒院做志愿者，教孩子們剪紙和編織。(arule)ThesecollegestudentsmakeitaruletovolunteerintheorphanageeveryWednesday,teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructingthekidsskills/craftslikepapercuttingandweaving/knitting.Thosecollegestudentsmakeitaruletogototheorphanagetoworkasvolunteers

everyWednesday,teaching/showing/demonstrating/instructingtheorphanstodopapercuttingandknitting.ThesecollegestudentsmakeitaruletogototheorphanageEveryWednesdayasvolunteerstoteach/show/demonstrate/instructthechildrenhowtocutpaperandknit.75.這首歌在今年藝術(shù)節(jié)上首發(fā)時(shí)，因其旋律歡快，風(fēng)格詼諧引起轟動(dòng)，但只是曇花一現(xiàn)。(when)Thesongbecame/wasahit/causedasensationforitsjoyful/cheerfulrhythmandwittystylewhen(itwas)firstperformedattheArtFestivalthisyear,butitspopularitydidn’tlastlong/butitisjustlikeaflashinthepan.WhenfirstperformedattheArtFestivalthisyear,thissongcausedasensationbecauseof/dueto/owingto/thanksto/foritscheerful*melodyandicstyle,butitdidn’tlastlong/butitlastedonly(for)averyshorttime/period.模塊模塊五2024屆上海名校模考題特訓(xùn)漢譯英（整句）1．（2023秋·上?！じ呷裰轮袑W(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）藝術(shù)家與AI最大的區(qū)別在于：前者是將靈魂獻(xiàn)祭給畫布（canvas），而后者只是按照用戶需求辦事。（mand）(漢譯英)【答案】Thebiggestdifferencebetweenanartistandartificialintelligenceisthattheformerdevoteshis/hersoultocanvaswhilethelatterissimplyattheuser’smand.【詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)態(tài)，固定短語(yǔ)和主謂一致。分析句意可知，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“某物與某物最大的區(qū)別”是thebiggestdifferencebetween...and...，“藝術(shù)家”是artist，AI是artificialintelligence，“前者是將靈魂獻(xiàn)祭給畫布，而后者只是按照用戶需求辦事”處理為表語(yǔ)從句，“前者”是theformer，“將……獻(xiàn)祭給……”是devote...to...，theformer是單數(shù)，因此devote用第三人稱單數(shù)，“靈魂”是soul，“畫布”是canvas，“后者”是thelatter，“只是”是simply，“按照用戶需求辦事”是beattheuser’smand，thelatter是單數(shù)，因此be動(dòng)詞用is，前后者之間為對(duì)比，用并列連詞while連接句子。故答案為Thebiggestdifferencebetweenanartistandartificialintelligenceisthattheformerdevoteshis/hersoultocanvaswhilethelatterissimplyattheuser’smand.2．（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾＝淮蟾街行？奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試）這個(gè)小程序在圖書(shū)館的應(yīng)用要?dú)w功于那個(gè)致力于搞科學(xué)研發(fā)的學(xué)生。（credit）【答案】Theapplicationofthisminiprograminthelibraryiscreditedtothestudentswhoarededicatedtoscientificresearchanddevelopment.【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)和定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“這個(gè)小程序在圖書(shū)館的應(yīng)用”翻譯為Theapplicationofthisminiprograminthelibrary，“歸因于”翻譯為becreditedto，“學(xué)生”為students，作賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)為定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，致力于為bededicatedto，后接scientificresearchanddevelopment“科學(xué)研發(fā)”作定語(yǔ)。故翻譯為Theapplicationofthisminiprograminthelibraryiscreditedtothestudentswhoarededicatedtoscientificresearchanddevelopment.3．（2022秋·上海浦東新·高三校考期中）在公共交通工具上，應(yīng)戴好口罩，與同乘者保持距離。（distance)(漢譯英)【答案】Youshouldwearamaskandkeepadistancewithfellowpassengersonpublictransport.【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。wearamask戴口罩；keepadistancewith與……保持距離；fellowpassengers同車的人；publictransport公共交通。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should，表示“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”，后接動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為Youshouldwearamaskandkeepadistancewithfellowpassengersonpublictransport.4．（2023秋·上海·高三上海市進(jìn)才中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）這些難民們靠吃剩飯掙扎求生，亟需國(guó)際力量馳援。(desperate)【答案】Theserefugeesarestrugglingtosurvivebyeatingleftoverfood,andtheyaredesperateforinternationalassistance.【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和形容詞。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，該句中表示“這些難民”用theserefugees；表示“掙扎求生”用struggletosurvive，此處表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生，故使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；表示“靠吃剩飯”用byeatingleftoverfood；同時(shí)表示“亟需……”用固定短語(yǔ)bedesperatefor；表示“國(guó)際力量馳援”用internationalassistance。故翻譯為Theserefugeesarestrugglingtosurvivebyeatingleftoverfood,andtheyaredesperateforinternationalassistance.5．（2023秋·上?！じ呷裰轮袑W(xué)校考階段練習(xí)）要是沒(méi)有過(guò)硬的專業(yè)知識(shí)，求職者不可能在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上立足。（It）(漢譯英)【答案】Itisimpossibleforjobseekerswithoutsolidprofessionalknowledgetohaveafootholdinthepetitivejobmarket.【詳解】考查代詞it，不定式和時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知，根據(jù)句意，描述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用固定句型：Itis+adj.+forsbtodosth.，表示“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……的”，形容詞用impossible表示“不可能的”，jobseeker“求職者”，可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指用復(fù)數(shù)，介詞短語(yǔ)withoutsolidprofessionalknowledge“沒(méi)有過(guò)硬的專業(yè)知識(shí)”作后置定語(yǔ)修飾jobseekers，動(dòng)詞不定式to后使用haveafoothold表示“立足”，狀語(yǔ)inthepetitivejobmarket表示“在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上”，故答案為Itisimpossibleforjobseekerswithoutsolidprofessionalknowledgetohaveafootholdinthepetitivejobmarket.6．（2023秋·上海·高三格致中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）考慮到帶紙質(zhì)書(shū)太麻煩，我決定在這次旅行途中聽(tīng)音頻書(shū)。（Given）(漢譯英)【答案】Giventhatitistroublesometocarryprintedbooks,Idecidedtolistentoaudiobooksduringmytrip.【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)和狀語(yǔ)從句。Given(that)譯為：考慮到……；鑒于；如果……，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。“做某事是麻煩的”用短語(yǔ)itistroublesometodosth.，it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為不定式“帶紙質(zhì)書(shū)”翻譯為carryprintedbooks，從句陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以從句翻譯為：Giventhatitistroublesometocarryprintedbooks。主句主語(yǔ)“我”是I，“決定做某事”用短語(yǔ)decidetodosth.；“聽(tīng)”用短語(yǔ)listento；“音頻書(shū)”翻譯為audiobook；“在這次旅行途中”翻譯為duringmytrip。主句陳述過(guò)去事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故翻譯為Giventhatitistroublesometocarryprintedbooks,Idecidedtolistentoaudiobooksduringmytrip.7．（2023秋·上?！じ呷裰轮袑W(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）一座城市的視覺(jué)魅力某種程度上可以影響其宜居性。（appeal）(漢譯英)【答案】Thevisualappealofacitycanaffectitslivabilitytosomeextent.【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞?！耙蛔鞘械囊曈X(jué)魅力”翻譯為Thevisualappealofacity，在句中作主語(yǔ)；“可以”用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞can，后接動(dòng)詞原形；“影響其宜居性”翻譯為affectitslivability；“某種程度上”用短語(yǔ)tosomeextent。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為Thevisualappealofacitycanaffectitslivabilitytosomeextent.8．（2023秋·上?！じ呷裰轮袑W(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）直到那個(gè)替補(bǔ)在場(chǎng)上踢了幾分鐘后，人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)，這支球隊(duì)缺乏的是活力、配合和積極性。(Notuntil;主語(yǔ)從句)(漢譯英)【答案】Notuntilthesubstituteplayedinthefieldforseveralminutesdidpeoplefindwhattheteamlackedwasvigor,cooperationandinitiative.【詳解】考查名詞、部分倒裝和主語(yǔ)從句。表示“替補(bǔ)”應(yīng)用名詞substitute；表示“缺乏”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞lack；表示“活力”應(yīng)用名詞vigor；表示“配合”應(yīng)用名詞cooperation；表示“積極性”應(yīng)用名詞initiative。根據(jù)題目要求，表示“直到……才……”應(yīng)用notuntil引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，且將notuntil置于句首，句子用部分倒裝；表示“這支球隊(duì)缺乏的是活力、配合和積極性”應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。故翻譯為：Notuntilthesubstituteplayedinthefieldforseveralminutesdidpeoplefindwhattheteamlackedwasvigor,cooperationandinitiative.9．（2023秋·上海·高三格致中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）那個(gè)移植手術(shù)的具體方案已經(jīng)修改完畢，就等那個(gè)外科醫(yī)生的批準(zhǔn)。(subject)(漢譯英)【答案】Thedetailedscheme(project)ofthetransplantoperationhasbeenrevisedandsubjecttothesurgeon’sapproval.【詳解】考查名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞以及時(shí)態(tài)。表示“移植”應(yīng)用名詞transplant；表示“方案”應(yīng)用名詞scheme/project；表示“修改”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞revise；表示“外科醫(yī)生”應(yīng)用名詞surgeon；表示“批準(zhǔn)”應(yīng)用名詞approval。根據(jù)題意，表示“等……的批準(zhǔn)”應(yīng)用短語(yǔ)besubjectto，意為“從屬于；處于……中；使服從”。表示“已經(jīng)修改完畢”應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，由于scheme/project與revise是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故翻譯為：Thedetailedscheme(project)ofthetransplantoperationhasbeenrevisedandsubjecttothesurgeon’sapproval.10．（2023秋·上?！じ呷裰轮袑W(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）原來(lái)他人的期望未必就是壓力，也可以是使人前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力。(turnout)(漢譯英)【答案】Itturnsoutthatothers’expectationsarenotnecessarilypressure,butcanalsobeadrivingforceforonetogoforward.【詳解】考查固定句型和固定短語(yǔ)。表示“原來(lái)”句型為Itturnsoutthat…；表示“他人的期望”翻譯為others’expectations，作從句的主語(yǔ)；表示“未必就是壓力”翻譯為benotnecessarilypressure；表示“也”應(yīng)用also；表示“使人前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力”應(yīng)用beadrivingforceforonetogoforward，can后跟動(dòng)詞原形；陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為Itturnsoutthatothers’expectationsarenotnecessarilypressure,butcanalsobeadrivingforceforonetogoforward.11．（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ写笸袑W(xué)校考開(kāi)學(xué)考試）你能想象嗎，這支樂(lè)隊(duì)的演唱會(huì)門票竟然賣到了天價(jià)，體育館外竟然還上演了粉絲之間的全武行。(imagine)(漢譯英)【答案】Canyouimaginethattheconcertticketsofthisbandweresoldatanextremelyhighprice/astronomicalprice/skyhighpriceandthattherewasevenafightbetweenfansoutsidethestadium.【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句。此處主語(yǔ)為you，表示“想象”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞imagine，can后跟動(dòng)詞原形；后跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；從句表示“這支樂(lè)隊(duì)的演唱會(huì)門票”主語(yǔ)為theconcertticketsofthisband；表示“售賣”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞sell，與主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系；表示“天價(jià)”翻譯為atanextremelyhighprice/astronomicalprice/skyhighprice；第二句賓語(yǔ)從句為therebe句型；表示“粉絲之間的全武行”應(yīng)用afightbetweenfans；表示“體育館外”應(yīng)用outsidethestadium。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故翻譯為Canyouimaginethattheconcertticketsofthisbandweresoldatanextremelyhighprice/astronomicalprice/skyhighpriceandthattherewasevenafightbetweenfansoutsidethestadium.12．（2022秋·上海嘉定·高三?？计谥校﹪?guó)慶假期里為減少浪費(fèi)，不少酒店推出了“不提供一次性牙刷”的創(chuàng)新舉措。(offer)（漢譯英）【答案】(1)ToreducewasteduringtheNationalDayholiday,manyhotelstookinnovativestepsofnotofferingdisposabletoothbrushes.(2)DuringtheNationalDayholiday,inordertoreducewaste,manyhotelsinnovatedbynotofferingdisposabletoothbrushes.【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！皣?guó)慶假期里”可譯為duringtheNationalDayholiday，“為減少浪費(fèi)”可用動(dòng)詞不定式或固定短語(yǔ)inordertodosth.表達(dá)，作目的狀語(yǔ)，即譯為toreducewaste或inordertoreducewaste；“推出……的創(chuàng)新舉措”亦可理解為“通過(guò)做某事的方式來(lái)創(chuàng)新”，故可譯為takeinnovativestepsofdoingsth.或innovatebydoingsth.，故“不提供一次性牙刷”應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)形式表達(dá)，作賓語(yǔ)，即notofferingdisposabletoothbrushes；根據(jù)句意，本句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故“不少酒店推出了“不提供一次性牙刷”的創(chuàng)新舉措?！笨勺g為manyhotelstookinnovativestepsofnotofferingdisposabletoothbrushes./manyhotelsinnovatedbynotofferingdisposabletoothbrushes。故“國(guó)慶假期里為減少浪費(fèi)，不少酒店推出了“不提供一次性牙刷”的創(chuàng)新舉措?！笨勺g為ToreducewasteduringtheNationalDayholiday,manyhotelstookinnovativestepsofnotofferingdisposabletoothbrushes./DuringtheNationalDayholiday,inordertoreducewaste,manyhotelsinnovatedbynotofferingdisposabletoothbrushes.13．（2022秋·上海浦東新·高三校考期中）每個(gè)人都有義務(wù)節(jié)約能源，減少碳排放，用愛(ài)心和責(zé)任心來(lái)保護(hù)我們共同的家園（It）(漢譯英)【答案】Itiseveryone’sobligation/dutytosaveenergy,reducecarbonemissions,protectourmonhomewithloveandresponsibility.【詳解】考查it作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，名詞。表示“義務(wù)”用obligation/duty，表示“每個(gè)人都有義務(wù)”用itiseveryone’sobligation/duty，it置于句首首字母大寫，表示“節(jié)約能源”用saveenergy，表示“減少碳排放”用reducecarbonemissions，表示“保護(hù)我們共同的家園”用protectourmonhome，表示“用愛(ài)心和責(zé)任”用withloveandresponsibility，這里是作狀語(yǔ)，用介詞with連接置于句末。故譯為表示Itiseveryone’sobligation/dutytosaveenergy,reducecarbonemissions,protectourmonhomewithloveandresponsibility。14．（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ羞M(jìn)才中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí)）華為的這款新一經(jīng)上市馬上售罄，以其強(qiáng)大的功能和續(xù)航能力受到了國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)的歡迎。(Nosooner,receive)【答案】NosoonerhadHuawei’snewphonebeenlaunchedthanitsoldoutandreceivedpopularityfromdomesticandforeignmarketsforitspowerfulfunctionsandbatterylife.【詳解】考查固定句型、倒裝句、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和固定搭配。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示“一經(jīng)上市馬上售罄”和中文要求，本句可翻譯為Nosooner...than...句型，意為“一……就……”，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，Nosooner位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)部分倒裝，即把助動(dòng)詞had提到主語(yǔ)之前?！吧鲜小笨杀硎緸閘aunch，其和“”之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)belaunched；“售罄”可表示為sellout；“強(qiáng)大的”可表示為powerful；“功能”可表示為function；“續(xù)航能力”可表示為batterylife；“受到……的歡迎”可表示為receivepopularityfrom...；“國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)”可表示domesticandforeignmarket。故本句可翻譯為：NosoonerhadHuawei’snewphonebeenlaunchedthanitsoldoutandreceivedpopularityfromdomesticandforeignmarketsforitspowerfulfunctionsandbatterylife.15．（2023秋·上海·高三上海市大同中學(xué)?？奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試）這個(gè)夏天，國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際航空公司要么重新設(shè)計(jì)航線，要么增加航班頻率，以滿足不斷增加的旅行需求。(or)(漢譯英)【答案】Domesticandinternationalairlinesareeitherredesigningroutesorincreasingflightfrequencythissummertomeetthegrowingdemandfortravel/tourism.【詳解】考查并列連詞和動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)句意，此處描述的這個(gè)夏天航空公司的舉措，所以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；表示“國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際航空公司”應(yīng)為domesticandinternationalairlines作主語(yǔ)，位于句首時(shí)domestic的首字母需大寫；表示“重新設(shè)計(jì)航線”應(yīng)為redesignroutes，表示“增加航班頻率”應(yīng)為increaseflightfrequency，用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，句子主語(yǔ)為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以應(yīng)為areredesigningroutes與areincreasingflightfrequency；表示“要么……要么……”應(yīng)為either…or…連接兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以該句前半句譯為Domesticandinternationalairlinesareeitherredesigningroutesorincreasingflightfrequency；表示“這個(gè)夏天”應(yīng)為thissummer作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；表示“以滿足不斷增加的旅行需求”應(yīng)為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)為tomeetthegrowingdemandfortravel/tourism。故翻譯為Domesticandint