定語從句總結(jié)

Unit4EarthquakeGrammar2021/5/91Revision

Allthestudentsarenothere.

Everythingisnotgood.

Bothofthemarenotstudents.Noneofthestudentsishere.Nothingisgood.Neitherofthemisastudent.2021/5/92定語從句TheAttributiveClause2021/5/93帶定語從句的諺語：1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.誰笑到最后，誰笑的最好。3.

Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到長城非好漢。2021/5/94定語從句復習1.定語從句類型限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句2.定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞6個關(guān)系副詞3個有逗號隔開關(guān)系代詞thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas關(guān)系副詞whenwherewhy2021/5/951.定義：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句2.先行詞：被修飾的名詞,代詞或整句話關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞：3.引導定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why等who,whom,whose,which,that,as等定語從句的相關(guān)概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.2021/5/96關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：指人指物subject(主語)object(賓語)attribute（定語）whomwhowhichthatwhose√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略as√√√√2021/5/971.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl_________________ImetisLucy.

3.Achild_______parentsaredeadiscalledTom.

4.Ilikethebook____________youboughtyesterday.

5.Weshallneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.

6.Iliketheperson_________youjusttalked.7.Ihavearoom________windowfacessouth.who,thatwhom,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/towhomwhosePractise2021/5/98Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.定語從句中的省略：注意1）關(guān)系詞whom/which/that作賓語時，一般可以省略。2）關(guān)系詞前有介詞而且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做賓語（表語）時，指人時用whom，指物時用which,而且不能省略。2021/5/993.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.As難點一：as的用法as\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat歸納：as引導限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)，as在定語從句中應充當成分如：主語、賓語或表語。2021/5/910注意as與which引導非限制性定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，Theearthisround,_________isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround.which/as

As2021/5/911一、that和which用法的區(qū)別(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much

等不定代詞時。Iamsureshehassomething_____

youcanborrow.(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。I’vereadallthebooks_____youlendme.1、只能用that不用which的情況(that)thatDoyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand?(that)Pleasesendusanyinformation_____youhaveaboutthesubject.that2021/5/912(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。Thisisthefirstbook_____hehasread.(that)Itisthemostbeautifulcity_____I’veeverseen.that(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。Thisistheverybook

_____

belongstohim.thatHeistheonlyperson_____waspresentatthetime.that2021/5/913(6)先行詞是who或which引導的主句。

Who

isthegirl_____

drovethecar?

(7)主句以therebe

引導時。

Therearemorethan400,000people_____diedorwereinjuredintheearthquake.(5)先行詞既有人又有物時。Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcastarepopulartothestudents.thatthatthat2021/5/914(1)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中緊跟介詞作賓語（介詞提前）。

Therearemanytrees

__________theycanhavearest.

Thisisthering__________shespent1000dollars.2、只用which不用that的情況(2)

在非限制性定語從句中。

Football,

______isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.underwhichonwhichwhich2021/5/915二、只用who的情況One____hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theones____laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents.Anyone____failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those____wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere.whowhowhowho2021/5/916先行詞是one,ones,anyone,everyone,those，he等時用who.1.先行詞是these,those指人時，關(guān)系代詞只用who.Thosewhoareplayingovertherearemystudents.2.先行詞是人稱代詞(he,she…)時，關(guān)系代詞只用who.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3.不定代詞someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody作先行詞時，關(guān)系代詞用who.Anybodywhobreakstheruleswouldbepunished.2021/5/9173.表所有關(guān)系及整體中的一部分或全部時，用介詞of,有時可用whose轉(zhuǎn)換。1)I’mpaintingahouse,theroof_________isround.I’mpaintingahouse__________isround.2)Theyliveinahouse,_______windowsfacesouth.Theyliveinahouse,thewindows_________facesouth.ofwhichwhoseofwhichwhoseroof2021/5/918One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等詞、數(shù)詞、分數(shù)或百分比與ofwhom或ofwhich連用。

Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比較：Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)

Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.(比較：Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.)2021/5/919找正確的關(guān)系詞的方法：瞻前顧后瞻前：先看先行詞是人還是物。顧后：看關(guān)系詞在后面的定語從句中所做的成分。

關(guān)系代詞&關(guān)系副詞的選擇如果充當是名詞性成分，使用關(guān)系代詞；如果充當是狀語成分，使用關(guān)系副詞?？键c一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞2021/5/9201.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason___________________hegave.

when(which/that)where(which/that)why(that/which)幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞inwhichinwhichforwhich2021/5/9211.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。where引導的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有特殊情況。難點二：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。2021/5/922介詞的選用原則根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的習慣搭配來決定。如：①Thisisthecamera________Ispent6

yuan.②Thisisthecamera_________Ipaid6yuan.

spendmoneyonsth.為固定搭配paymoneyforsth.為固定搭配onwhichforwhich2021/5/9232)根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣來決定。如：①Iremembertheday_______Icametomytowerofivory.②Irememberthedays__________IvisitedParis.

強調(diào)在具體某一天要用介詞on強調(diào)在某幾天時間內(nèi)要用介詞duringonwhichduringwhich2021/5/9243)根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系。

Isthatthenewspaper_________youoftenwritearticles?forwhich2021/5/925介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin2021/5/926介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin2021/5/927介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

可見,who、that不能用與介詞之后2021/5/928介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況4Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafter

isbetter.

在固定短語中介詞不能提前固定的動詞短語（動詞+介詞）如lookfor,takecareof等不能把動詞與介詞拆開，既介詞不能提至引導詞前。2021/5/9291.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況練習2021/5/930

where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.where定語從句that強調(diào)句型綜合考查一：定語從句與強調(diào)句3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasintheho