初中英語人教版九年級上冊Unit 6 Section A Grammar Focus-4c

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cTounderstandandusethepassivevoice(pasttense)be+v(ed).Totalkaboutwheninventionswereinventedandwheretheywereinvented.Ifyoulike,youcanpracticemore.Objectives被動語態(tài)(PassiveVoice)結(jié)構(gòu):be+V-p.p.am/are/is+動詞的過去分詞was/were+動詞的過去分詞

一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài):一般過去時的被動語態(tài):

Manypeople

speak

English.

(主動語態(tài))Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Thenaughtyboy

broke

thewindowyesterday.

(主動語態(tài))Thewindow

wasbroken(bythenaughtyboy)yesterday.

We

bought

somebooks.

主動句與被動句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換Somebooks

werebought(byus)

主語謂語動詞主動語態(tài)的過去式賓語主語謂語動詞被動語態(tài)的過去分詞介詞+賓語主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳渌裱?個步驟：1.把原主動句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z。2.把動詞變?yōu)楸粍有问郊碽e+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語的變化，而動詞的時態(tài)則保持不變。3.原主動句的主語如需要則放在by后面以它的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要則可省略。4.其它的成分（定語、狀語）不變。過去式被動語態(tài)的幾種句型

肯定句

主語+be+過去分詞+(by…)Asweetsongwassungbyheronthestage.2否定句

主語+be+not+過去分詞+(by…)一般疑問句

Be+主語+過去分詞+(by…)?

Asweetsongwasn’tsungbyheronthestage.Wasasweetsongsungbyheronthestage?

特殊疑問句

疑問詞+be+主語+過去分詞+(by…)?Wherewasasweetsongsungbyher?GrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.1.Whenwasthezipperinvented?C.Itwasinventedin1893.2.Whowasitinventedby?D.ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.3.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?A.ItwasbroughttoKorea

duringthe6thand7thcenturies.4.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?B.It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.Matchthequestionswiththeanswers.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)肯定句主語+was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by…）否定句主語+was/were+not+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by…)疑問句Was/Were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by…)?特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by...)?2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的基本用法用法示例表示過去某一具體時間發(fā)生的動作，且句子的主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者。Thehousewasbuiltin1990.這所房子建于1990年。講述發(fā)生在過去的動作，且不知道動作的執(zhí)行者。Hewashonoredwiththename“FatherofHybridRice”.他被授予“雜交水稻之父”的稱號。①含有雙賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，通常把指“人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而指“物”的直接賓語則不變。?Hegavemeabookyesterday.Iwasgivenabook(byhim)yesterday.②如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，則在間接賓

語前加to或for。3.含雙賓語和復(fù)合賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的方法?Ibroughthimsomefood.Somefoodwasbroughttohim(byme).③含有復(fù)合賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要將其中的

賓語變成主語，賓語補足語不變。?JimaskedTomtogoforawalk.Tomwasasked(byJim)togoforawalk.④如果賓語補足語是不帶to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)時要加上不定式符號to。?WeoftenheardKatesingintheroom.

Katewasoftenheardtosingintheroom(byus).4aRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.____________________________________________2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.____________________________________________3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?___________________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom(bysomebody).Wherewerethesephotostaken?4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.______________________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.______________________________________________________________________________________________Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.eatlocklikeringinvitebreaktellbringYou_____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers___________toasafeplace.wereinvitedwerebrought4bCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.3.Thedoor___________whenwearrived,so

we______thebell.4.Thestudents__________nottoeatordrinkinclass.ButRuby_______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies___________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally______them.waslockedrangweretoldbrokewereeatenliked4cDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.Thetelephone_____________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He__________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell

________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875,Mr.Bell_______(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughwasinventedwasbornworkedlearnedaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone.Finally,thetelephone____________(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat________(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone________(use)aroundtheworld.wasinventedwassaidisusedWhenwasthecarinvented?Itwasinventedin1885.Whoweretheyinventedby?TheywereinventedbyJulieThompson.Whataretheyusedfor?Theyareusedforseeinginthedark.Readthesentencesandpayattentiontotheunderlinedparts.Thecakelooksnice.Whomadeit?Itwasmadebymyaunt.FreetalkHowdeliciousthesoupis!Whocookedit?ItwascookedbyMom.Whatabeautifulcarditis!Whomadeit?Itwasmadeby…1.allofasudden:突然；猛地可寫作ofasudden,ona/thesudden或allonasudden。例句：?突然，燈都滅了。Allofasudden,thelightswentout.?那個男孩突然開始哭起來。

Theboybegancryingallofasudden.

Languagepoints2.luckily作副詞，意為“幸運地”，也可換成tomyluck或

luckilyforme，其后通常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開。例句：?Luckily,shewasathomewhenIcalled.

幸好當(dāng)我打電話時她在家。Ⅰ.單項選擇。

1.—TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.—It_______inmanyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teachesB.isteachingC.hastaughtD.istaughtDExercises2.We_______toclosethewindowsbeforeweleftthelab.A.tellB.toldC.aretoldD.weretold3.—DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?

—Yes.Infact,it_______.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround.A.pollutedB.waspollutedC.haspollutedD.willpolluteDBⅡ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Thepizzawas______(make)byme.Wouldyouliketohavesome?2.TheGreatWallis________(know)allovertheworld.3.Thisstorywas______(tell)bymygrandmotherlastnight.4.Wasanewsciencemuseum______(build)inyourhometownlastyear?5.Nostudentis_______(see)intheplayground.madeknowntoldbuiltseen6.

History

is

_________

by

the

people.

(make)

7.

He

is

often

_________

to

do

the

work

by

theteacher.

(ask)

8.

The

book

______________

by

him

last

year.(write)

9.

The

radio

______________

last

week.(repair)madeaskedwaswrittenwasrepairedⅢ.將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。1.Myparentsboughtmeacomputerlastweek.2.Weoftenhearthegirlsinghappilyinherroom.

Thegirlisoftenheardtosinghappily(byus)inherroom.Acomputerwasboughtformebymyparentslastweek.3.Hewroteanarticlelastweek.Anarticlewaswrittenbyhimlastweek.4.Hesavedalotofmoneythissummer.

5.Wespendlargesumsofmoneyeachyearinpaintingthesteelworkofbridges.Alotofmoneywassavedthissummer.Largesumsofmoneyisspen