2022年新高考全國一卷英語真題文檔(原卷版) (一)

2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試

英語

本試卷共10頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。

注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生

號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡

相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角”條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽

力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號從“21”開始。

2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的

答案信息點涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在

試卷上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指

定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如高改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不

準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。

4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和符題卡一并交回。

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay

1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.Allthe

assignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningand

coursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-

classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass*

lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto

timeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedat

home,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperiodit

islate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignments

notcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsence

willbeaccepted.

1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.An

academicarticle.

2.Howmanypartsisastudent?sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

B

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula（芝麻菜）wasto

makeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Then

friendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,the

arugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;Icouldhavemadesix

saladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,"foodwastegoesagainstthe

moralgrain,“asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.It^jaw-droppinghowmuch

perfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from"ugly”（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedby

grocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.

Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,uiffoodwastewerea

country,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”

Ifthat'shardtounderstand,let'skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmy

refrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bones

ofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitchenin

Washington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecovered

morethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵）

producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,

cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon'tthink."Everyonecanplayapartin

reducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingor

byaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon'teat,“Curtinsays.

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyat

times.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsfbrwasting

food.

5.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

6.WhatdoesCurtin'scompanydo?

AItproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.

C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.

7.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

C

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookafterto

stopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）toreducelonelinessandimprove

elderlypeople'swellbeing,Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aserious

illnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewhere

hensareinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"Iusedtokeep

henswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwentto

school.”

“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensout

anddownthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.,,

“It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethe

hensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Fmenjoyingthecreativeactivities,andit

feelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.^^

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,and

thecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkonthe

project,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Weare

lookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.^^

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartinthe

project.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.^^

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes,B.Toprovidepart-timejobsforthe

aged.

C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch,D.Topromotetheelderlypeople's

welfare.

9.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseof

achievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrong

personality.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon^^meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.

Evaluate.

11.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

D

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"and"a"to

therareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommon

thanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteled

tonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalled

labiodentals,suchas"F'and"v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofter

foods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,

hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned

（對齊）,makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptothe

upperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)），makingiteasiertoproduce

suchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagriculture

intheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodo

asmuchworkandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesound

ofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof'f'and4V9increasingremarkably

duringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmany

hunter-gathererpeopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhen

humanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnot

necessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyof

speechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiological

changeandculturalevolution,44saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

12.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety,B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Its

development.

13Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

CTheirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

14.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

15.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtocultural

diversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhuman

beings.

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有

兩項為多余選項。

FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkout

Partner.^^Onereasonwas:"You'llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthe

gym,“whileanotherread:“[6"Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtraining

effortasthereisasubtle（微妙）competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?

Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.17Ordoyoujustwanttobe

physicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldlike

todowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobably

won'tresultinausefulresponse.」8Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmust

belongtothesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhat

kindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedto

spendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovided

herphonenumber.19

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.20Overtime,bothofyou

willbenefit-yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysically

fit.Thecore（核ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.

BAworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.

C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner^^notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項。

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepastten

years.

Someofour21arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwere

little.Once,we22alongChalkCreek.Iwas23thatour15-month-oldboywould

fallintothecreek（小溪）.Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlasted

abouttenminutes.Hewas24,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So

25tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It26-hedidn'tendupinthe

creek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.

Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe27、but

stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly28ourpeacefulmorningtrip.

The29pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto30the

motor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No31.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewitha

deadmotor.Asweallsatthere32.afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed

（拖）usback.Wewere33.

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwitha

senseof34wonderingwhatcampingfunand35wewillexperiencenext.

21.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.

discoveries

22.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

23.A.annoyedB.suiprisedC.disappointedD.worried

24.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid

25.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor

26.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed

27.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headed

off

28.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded

29.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed

30.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix

31.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal

32.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.

helplessly

33.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right

34.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.

excitement

35.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNational

Park(GPNP).36(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes37sizeofYellowstoneNational

Park,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextend

protectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat38(be)previouslyunprotected,bringing

manyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority39

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP

40(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleofuprotectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完

整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,

41leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations.TheGPNP'smain

goalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate42(population)andhomesofgiant

pandas,and43(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve44anumbrellaspecies(物種)，bringingprotectiontoahostof

plantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedto

providestrongerprotectionforallthespecies45livewithintheGiantPandaRangeand

significantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

46.假定你是校廣播站英語節(jié)目"TalkandTalk”的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請給外教Caroline寫郵件

邀請她做一次訪談。內(nèi)容包括：

1.節(jié)目介紹；

2.訪談的時間和話題。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearCaroline,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25