江蘇省淮宿七校2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省淮宿七校2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemandomostweekends?A.Hegoesshopping.B.Hevisitsmuseums.C.Hewatchesmatches.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Reporttothepolice.B.Gobacktolookforit.C.Buyanewone.3.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Gotothelibrary.B.Gototheclassroom.C.Gototheteachers’office.4.Howmanylanguagescanthewomanspeakuptonow?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Managerandemployee.C.Classmates.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemanaskingthewomanfor?A.Helpwithhisresearch.B.Adviceonhisjobinterview.C.Adviceonthecompany’sproducts.7.Whatisthewomanalwaysreadytodo?A.Wearcasualclothes.B.Learnmoreaboutthecompany.C.Goshoppingwiththeman.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoborrow?A.Anotebook.B.Adictionary.C.Somemoney.9.Howlongdoesthewomanworkeveryevening?A.Fortwohours.B.Forthreehours.C.Forfourhours.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Howlonghasthemanlivedinthisarea?A.For5years.B.For10years.C.For20years.11.Howfaristhegasstationfromtheplacewherethetwospeakersare?A.Abouthalfamile.B.Abouttwomiles.C.Abouttwoandahalfmiles.12.Whatcanbeknownaboutthegasstation?A.Ithasaredroof.B.Itisverylarge.C.Itisverysmall.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Buyasportscar.B.Buyasmallfamilycar.C.Sellhisfamilycar.14.Whatseasonisitatthemoment?A.Itisspring.B.Itisautumn.C.Itiswinter.15.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Friends.16.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttogetanewcar?A.Becauseofthehighprice.B.Becauseoftheseason.C.Becauseofhisfeelingtotheoldone.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whydidtheladywantthepianisttosing?A.Sheknewhecouldsingwell.B.Shewastiredoflisteningtothepiano.C.Shewantedtomakehimfamous.18.Whendidthepianistknowhehadatalentforsinging?A.Thatnightafterhisfirstsinging.B.Longbeforeheplayedthepianointhebar.C.Afterhebecameafamouspianist.19.Whathappenedtothepianistatlast?A.Hehadhisownpianobar.B.Hecontinuedtoplaythepianointhebar.C.Hebecameawell-knownsingerinAmerica.20.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorofthepassageagreeon?A.Everyoneshouldmakefulluseofhistalent.B.Fewpeoplehaverealtalent.C.Peoplewillsucceediftheyhavetalent.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AWalkingFestivalsinBritainTheIsleofWightWalkingFestivalTheIsleofWightWalkingFestivalhasalmost70walkstochoosefrom,rangingfromNature’sTable,aguidedshortwalkandtalkaroundanaturereserve,exploringfoodsourcesforwildlife,toathree-daytriptotheisland.Themostimportanteventisafund-raisingwalkfortheisland’shospice(臨終安養(yǎng)院)thecoast-to-coastMountbattenWalktheWight.Time:7-15MayWebsite:www.isleofwightwalkingfestival.co.ukTheLincolnshireWoldsOutdoorFestivalThisnewfestivalisasuccessor(接替者)totheLincolnshireWoldsWalkingFestival.Therearecoast,countryside,andtownwalks,themedwalkscoveringwildlifeandliterature,andfullmoonwalks.Thenon-walkingactivitiesrangefrommountainbikingtowell-beingclasses.Child-friendlyoptionsincludedeerwatchingandbeachworkshops.Time:30Aprilto5JuneWebsite:TheAltonWalkingFestivalThisfestivalisnowinits11thyearandhasaprogramof113walksthroughoutMay.Forchildren,thereareshortbuggystrolls(馬車散步)andghostwalks.Whatareaimedfirmlyatadultsarewell-beingwalks,shorttripstovineyards(葡萄園)andthe20-milejourney.Time:1-31MayWebsite:.ukTheHerefordshireWalkingFestivalTheannualKingtonWalksSpringWeekendfeatures14walksinandaroundthehistoricHerefordshiredrovers’town,includingapubwalk,adawnbird-watchingwalkandatourofHergestCroftGardenstoseethespringblooms.It’sagoodwarm-upfortheHerefordshireWalkingFestival,whichcelebratedits20thanniversarylastyear.Itincludesathemedwalkandseveralchallenginghikes.Time:18-26JuneWebsite:www.herefordshirewalkingfestival.co.uk1.Whichofthefollowingwebsiteswillpeoplewantingtowalkforcharityvisit?A..uk.B.C.www.isleofwightwalkingfestival.co.uk.D.www.herefordshirewalkingfestival.co.uk.2.WhatdothewalkingfestivalsinLincolnshireandAltonhaveincommon?A.Theyprovidefunactivitiesforchildren.B.Theyincludenon-walkingactivities.C.Theyhavealonghistory.D.Theylastfortwomonths.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoduringtheKingtonWalksSpringWeekend?A.Seebirdsandflowers.B.Goonguidedhikes.C.Touraroundthevineyards.D.Gainknowledgeaboutliterature.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.A〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)英國(guó)的步行節(jié)日?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheIsleofWightWalkingFestival部分中“Themostimportanteventisafund-raisingwalkfortheisland’shospice(臨終安養(yǎng)院)thecoast-to-coastMountbattenWalktheWight.(最重要的活動(dòng)是為島上的臨終關(guān)懷醫(yī)院籌款步行——從東海岸到西海岸的蒙巴頓之行)”可知，懷特島徒步節(jié)包含慈善目的的步行活動(dòng)，網(wǎng)站是www.isleofwightwalkingfestival.co.uk.。故選C。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLincolnshireWoldsOutdoorFestival部分中“Child-friendlyoptionsincludedeerwatchingandbeachworkshops.(兒童友好的選擇包括觀賞鹿和海灘工作坊)”和TheAltonWalkingFestival部分中“Forchildren,thereareshortbuggystrolls(馬車散步)andghostwalks.(對(duì)于孩子們來說，有短途的馬車散步和幽靈漫步)”可知，這兩個(gè)節(jié)日均為孩子提供有趣的活動(dòng)。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHerefordshireWalkingFestival部分中“TheannualKingtonWalksSpringWeekendfeatures14walksinandaroundthehistoricHerefordshiredrovers’town,includingapubwalk,adawnbird-watchingwalkandatourofHergestCroftGardenstoseethespringblooms.(一年一度的Kington春日周末步行活動(dòng)在赫里福德郡這個(gè)歷史悠久的小鎮(zhèn)上有14條步行路線，包括酒吧之旅、黎明觀鳥之旅和赫格斯特克羅夫特花園之旅，觀賞春天的花朵)”可知，游客可以在Kington春日周末步行活動(dòng)中觀賞鳥和花。故選A。BMysisterAliceandIhavebeentryingtogetpeopletostopdroppingcigarette(香煙)butts(煙頭)forsevenyears.Oneday,wewerewalkinginourhometownandsawhundredsofcigarettebuttsontheground.Theymadethetownlooksouglythatwedecidedtostartagrouptomakepeoplestopdroppingbutts.Wecalledit“NoButtsAboutIt”.Atfirst,wedrewpictureswith“TheEarthisnotyourashtray(煙灰缸)”writtenonthem.Weputthepicturesaroundourhometown—inparks,bybeaches,andalongroads.Wewantedtomakepeopleunderstandthatdroppingbuttshurtstheenvironment.Mostsmokersdon’tthinkthatdroppingbuttshurtstheEarth.Butitdoes,andallrubbishdoes!Later,wewrotetocompaniesandaskedthemformoneytohelpus.Weusedthemoneytobuyashtraystogivetosmokers.Wewantedsmokerstocarrytheashtrayswiththemsotheydidn’thavetodropbutts.Atthemoment,wearetryingtogetcigarettecompaniestoputanashtrayineachpackofcigarettes.Somecompanieswanttodoit.Manypeoplehavestartedtojoinourgroupsinceitbegan.Todaythereare45other“NoButtsAboutIt”groupsinAmerica.NowthereevengroupsinEngland,Australia,andIndia!Manynewspapershavewrittenaboutmysisterandmeoverthelastsevenyears.Andwehavewonmanyprizesforwhatwedo.Butwearenotinterestedinprizes.WejustwanttomaketheEarthabetterandcleanerplaceforanimals,plantsandpeople.Oneday,itwillbe.4.Whatdidthewriterthinkaboutthecigarettebuttsinthefirstplace?A.Theymadethetownsmelly. B.Theymadethetownunhealthy.C.Theymadethetowndirty. D.Theymadethetownpoor.5.Whatdoesthewriterdowiththecigarettebutts?A.Giveashtraystothesmokers. B.Stoppeoplebuyingcigarettes.C.Pickupthecigarettebutts. D.Winprizesforstartinggroups.6.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat_____.A.nocompanieswantedtogivemoneytothemB.thewriterbelievesthattheEarthwillbeabetterandcleanerplaceC.thereareonly45“NoButtsAboutIt”D.thewriterlikestobeonnewspapersandwinprizes7.Whichisthebesttittleforthepassage?A.SaveourTownfromCigaretteButts. B.BuyYourselfAnAshtray.C.CigaretteButtsAlsoDestroyOtherCountries. D.NoButtsPrize.〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.A〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者姐妹兩個(gè)人為了不讓人們亂認(rèn)煙頭而發(fā)起了一個(gè)組織，并積極向公司或組織尋求幫助，在過去幾年里她們的組織給美國(guó)，甚至其他國(guó)家?guī)砹擞绊?，她們也因此受到?jiǎng)項(xiàng)，她們只希望地球環(huán)境變得更好?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Theymadethetownlooksouglythatwedecidedtostartagrouptomakepeoplestopdroppingbutts.(他們讓小鎮(zhèn)看起來很丑，所以我們決定成立一個(gè)小組，讓人們不再扔煙蒂。)”可知，她們成立該組織的最初原因是：煙頭讓城市變得非常難看。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Later,wewrotetocompaniesandaskedthemformoneytohelpus.Weusedthemoneytobuyashtraystogivetosmokers.Wewantedsmokerstocarrytheashtrayswiththemsotheydidn’thavetodropbutts.(后來，我們寫信給一些公司，向他們要錢幫助我們。我們用這些錢買了煙灰缸送給吸煙者。我們希望吸煙者隨身攜帶煙灰缸，這樣他們就不用掉煙頭了。)”可知，作者找公司贊助買了煙灰缸給那些抽煙的人。故選A。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“WejustwanttomaketheEarthabetterandcleanerplaceforanimals,plantsandpeople.(我們只是想讓地球成為一個(gè)更好、更清潔的地方，為動(dòng)物、植物和人類。)”可以推測(cè)出，作者相信地球終有一天會(huì)變得更好更干凈，故選B。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Theymadethetownlooksouglythatwedecidedtostartagrouptomakepeoplestopdroppingbutts.Wecalledit“NoButtsAboutIt”.(他們讓小鎮(zhèn)看起來很丑，所以我們決定成立一個(gè)小組，讓人們不再扔煙蒂。我們叫它“沒有煙頭”)”可知，短文主要介紹作者和她的姐姐一直設(shè)法呼吁人們不要亂扔煙頭，希望地球環(huán)境變得更好，A選項(xiàng)“SaveourTownFromCigaretteButts.(把我們的城鎮(zhèn)從煙頭中拯救出來。)”可作為最好的題目，故選A。CEggsareacommoningredient.They’reatthecenteroftheage-oldquestion,“Whatcamefirst,thechickenortheegg?”andtheclassicidiom,“Eggsomeoneon.”And,mostfascinatingly,they’rethesubjectsofart,filmandfashion.FromJean-BaptisteGreuze’spainting“BrokenEggs”andClaudeMonet’spainting“StillLifewithEggs”toGiovanniBattistaRecco’s“StillLifewithChickensandEggs”,there’snoshortageofeggillustrations.Withinthefieldofart,eggsareacomplexthemeduetotheirsignificanceinChristianculturesandmythology.Simplyput,aneggismorethanjustfood—itis“asymbolandashape-shifter...anindustryandaninspiration,across-culturalexpressionofrebirthandpotential,”accordingtoabookcalled“TheGourmand’sEgg.ACollectionofStoriesandRecipes”.WrittenbyDavidLaneandMarinaTweedofthecontemporaryfoodandculturejournal“TheGourmand”,thelatestpublicationexploresthisphenomenonthroughacollectionofimages,storiesandrecipesfocusedoneggs.There’salsoasectiondevotedtoeggaccessories,furtherillustratinghowtheeggbecamesoremarkableinculture.Perhapstheearliestmythologicalsubjectofeggsistheworldegg,whichthinksthattheuniversecameintoexistenceviaahatched(孵化)egg.Eggsthenbecameasymbolofcelebration.ThiseventuallybecamethebasisofclassicEastertraditions.EggswerefirstshowcasedinartduringtheRenaissance.TakeforexamplePierodellaFrancesca’sBreruMadonna,inwhichthehangingeggisasymbolofbothcreationandpurity.There’salsoHieronymousBosch’soilpainting“TheGardenofEarthlyDelights”,whichshowsyetanotherfloatingunhatchedeggthatis“asymbolofunrealizedhope,orhiddenpower.”As“TheGourmand’sEgg”wrote,“Theeggisacinematicchameleon(變色龍).Ithasbeenasymbolofbrotherlylove,aFreudianredflag,asymboloflife.”Additionally,“asinsomanypictures,theeggoftenfeaturesnotonlyasaneverydayfoodstuffbutasacontainerofcountlessmeanings.”8.Whydoestheauthorlistsomepaintingsinparagraph2?A.Toappealtothereaders’attention.B.Togiveexamplesofbestpaintedeggs.C.Toprovetherearemanypaintingsabouteggs.D.Toshowtheeggsubjectmakesmanyfamouspaintings.9.WhatiscoveredinDavidLaneandMarinaTweed’snewbook?A.Thecultureofeggs.B.Skillsofegghatching.C.Thekindsofeggs.D.Typesofeggcontainers.10.WhatdoestheeggstandforinBosch’spainting?A.Life. B.Potential. C.Love. D.Purity.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Tosellanewly-publishedbook.B.Todiscussfamouspaintingsabouteggs.C.Tointroducedifferenteggcookingtechniques.D.Toshowthecomplexmeaningofeggsinworksofart.〖答案〗8.C9.A10.B11.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過繪畫作品介紹了雞蛋在藝術(shù)繪畫領(lǐng)域作為主題的歷史?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“And,mostfascinatingly,they’rethesubjectsofart,filmandfashion.(而且，最令人著迷的是，它們是藝術(shù)、電影和時(shí)尚的主題。)”可知，雞蛋是藝術(shù)、電影等領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)作主題；然后第二段“FromJean-BaptisteGreuze’spainting“BrokenEggs”andClaudeMonet’spainting“StillLifewithEggs”toGiovanniBattistaRecco’s“StillLifewithChickensandEggs”,there’snoshortageofeggillustrations.(從讓-巴蒂斯特·格魯茲的《破蛋》和克勞德·莫奈的《雞蛋靜物》到喬瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·雷科的《雞和蛋的靜物》，雞蛋插畫從不匱乏。)”介紹了幾個(gè)以雞蛋為主題的畫作，由此推斷作者列舉這些畫作是為了說明有許多關(guān)于雞蛋的畫作，進(jìn)而支持“雞蛋是很多藝術(shù)作品的主題”這一觀點(diǎn)。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“WrittenbyDavidLaneandMarinaTweedofthecontemporaryfoodandculturejournal“TheGourmand”,thelatestpublicationexploresthisphenomenonthroughacollectionofimages,storiesandrecipesfocusedoneggs.There’salsoasectiondevotedtoeggaccessories,furtherillustratinghowtheeggbecamesoremarkableinculture.(由當(dāng)代美食文化雜志《美食家》的大衛(wèi)·萊恩和瑪麗娜·特威德撰寫的最新出版物通過一系列以雞蛋為主題的圖片、故事和食譜來探索這一現(xiàn)象。還有一個(gè)部分專門介紹雞蛋的配件，進(jìn)一步說明了雞蛋在文化中是如何變得如此引人注目的。)”可知，大衛(wèi)·萊恩和瑪麗娜·特威德撰寫的新書中提到了有關(guān)雞蛋的故事、食譜以及以雞蛋為主題的圖片，這些都展現(xiàn)的是有關(guān)雞蛋的文化。故選A。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“There’salsoHieronymousBosch’soilpainting“TheGardenofEarthlyDelights”,whichshowsyetanotherfloatingunhatchedeggthatis“asymbolofunrealizedhope,orhiddenpower.”(還有希勒姆·博斯的油畫《世俗的快樂花園》，這幅畫展示了另一個(gè)漂浮的未孵出的蛋，它是“未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或隱藏的力量的象征”。)”可知，在博斯的作品中雞蛋是潛力的象征。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。本文主要通過《美食家的雞蛋》這本書介紹了雞蛋作為藝術(shù)主題在繪畫領(lǐng)域中的不同的象征意義。從而推斷，作者寫這篇文章的目的是展示雞蛋在藝術(shù)作品中的復(fù)雜意義。故選D。DForyears,you’vebeentoldthatstresscanbedeadlyandissomethingtobeavoided.Therefore,ananxioussituationisoftenaccompaniedbyasenseoffear.However,recentstudiessuggestthatstress-relatedharmfuleffectsonyourhealtharenotunavoidable.Onestudyfollowed30,000peopleovereightyearsandmeasuredtheirstresslevels.Thosewhobelievedthatstressisharmfuldiedatahigherratethanthosewhowereunderstressbutdidn’tacknowledgetheso-callednegativeeffects.Thelattergroupwashealthier,andmanyofthemlivedlong,happylives.Stressfulfeelingsstartoutinasmallregionofthebrainthataffectshowpeoplefeelemotions,especiallyfear.Thesmallregionisverysensitivetopossiblethreats.Whenitsensesdanger,italertsthebrain,andfeelingsoffearorstresscanresult.Thesefeelingsgivepeopleawarningmessagewhentheyneedtopayattentionandwhentheyneedtotakeaction.Forinstance,whenthesightofaspeedingcartriggers(觸發(fā))theregiontoreleasealightning-fastmessage,weknowimmediatelytomoveoutoftheway!AnotherstudycarriedbyHealthpsychologistDr.McGonigalfoundalinkbetweenstressandtheamountofsympathypeopleshowedtoothers.Researcherstracked1,000adults,theirdescriptionsofthelevelofstressintheirlivesandtheamountoftimespenthelpingothers.Witheachmajorstressfulevent,suchasafamilytragedyorfinancialcrisis,theriskofdyingincreasedby30percent.Butforthegroupwhospenttimehelpingothers,therewasnoincreaseinstress-relateddeaths,evenforthosewhohadfacedtheirownpersonaltragedies.AccordingtoDr.McGonigal,“Chasingmeaningisbetterforyourhealththantryingtoavoiddiscomfort.Goafterwhatitisthatcreatesmeaninginyourlifeandthentrustyourselftohandlethestressthatfollows.”12.Whatdoesthestudyinparagraph2suggest?A.Stresscausedmanydeathsovereightyears.B.Stresswon’thurtyouifyoudon’tacknowledgeitspresence.C.Itisnotthestressbutourresponsetoitthatcreatesproblems.D.Thosewithoutstressusuallylivelongandhappylives.13.Whatdoweknowaboutstressfromparagraph3?A.Stressisharmfultothebrain.B.Stresscancausedanger.C.Stresscanbeathreattous.D.Stresscanleadtotimelyaction.14.WhatcanwelearnfromDr.McGonigal’sstudy?A.Peoplewithoutstressspendmoretimecaringothers.B.Stressoftencausesafamilytragedyorfinancialcrisis.C.Stresscanbeavoidedbyhelpingothers.D.Peoplechasingmeaninginlifesufferlessfromstress.15.Whichmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.StressIsNotYourEnemy B.ManCanConquerStressC.WeNeedRemoveStress D.StressIsNearlyHarmless〖答案〗12.C13.D14.D15.A〖解析〗〖祥解〗這是一篇說明文。本文通過科學(xué)研究得出壓力本身不會(huì)給我們帶來問題，我們對(duì)壓力的態(tài)度影響了生活。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Onestudyfollowed30,000peopleovereightyearsandmeasuredtheirstresslevels.Thosewhobelievedthatstressisharmfuldiedatahigherratethanthosewhowereunderstressbutdidn’tacknowledgetheso-callednegativeeffects.Thelattergroupwashealthier,andmanyofthemlivedlong,happylives.(一項(xiàng)研究對(duì)30000人進(jìn)行了為期八年的跟蹤調(diào)查，并測(cè)量了他們的壓力水平。那些認(rèn)為壓力有害的人的死亡率高于那些處于壓力下，但不承認(rèn)所謂的有負(fù)面影響的人。后一組人更健康，他們中的許多人生活幸福且長(zhǎng)壽)”可知，死亡率高的測(cè)試組中的人們認(rèn)為壓力有害，另一組則不認(rèn)為壓力有不良影響，由測(cè)試的研究結(jié)果可見，造成問題的不是壓力，而是我們對(duì)壓力的態(tài)度。故選C。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenitsensesdanger,italertsthebrain,andfeelingsoffearorstresscanresult.Thesefeelingsgivepeopleawarningmessagewhentheyneedtopayattentionandwhentheyneedtotakeaction.Forinstance,whenthesightofaspeedingcartriggers(觸發(fā))theregiontoreleasealightning-fastmessage,weknowimmediatelytomoveoutoftheway!(當(dāng)它感覺到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，它會(huì)提醒大腦，從而產(chǎn)生恐懼或壓力的感覺。當(dāng)人們需要注意和采取行動(dòng)時(shí)，這些感覺會(huì)給他們一個(gè)警告信息。例如，當(dāng)看到一輛超速行駛的汽車時(shí)，該區(qū)域會(huì)快速地釋放出信號(hào)，我們立即知道要讓開！)”可知，壓力感(feelingsofstress)會(huì)給人們發(fā)出信息，從而讓人做出應(yīng)變，及時(shí)采取行動(dòng)。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Witheachmajorstressfulevent,suchasafamilytragedyorfinancialcrisis,theriskofdyingincreasedby30percent.Butforthegroupwhospenttimehelpingothers,therewasnoincreaseinstress-relateddeaths,evenforthosewhohadfacedtheirownpersonaltragedies.(每發(fā)生一次重大壓力事件，如家庭悲劇或金融危機(jī)，死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都會(huì)增加30%。但對(duì)于那些花時(shí)間幫助他人的人來說，與壓力相關(guān)的死亡人數(shù)沒有增加，即使是那些曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過個(gè)人悲劇的人)”及“Chasingmeaningisbetterforyourhealththantryingtoavoiddiscomfort.(追求生活的意義比避免生活中的不幸對(duì)你的健康更好)”可知，追求生活意義的人承受的壓力更小。故選D。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。本文通過科學(xué)研究得出壓力本身不會(huì)給我們帶來問題，我們對(duì)壓力的態(tài)度影響了生活，結(jié)合最后一句“Goafterwhatitisthatcreatesmeaninginyourlifeandthentrustyourselftohandlethestressthatfollows.(追求在生活中創(chuàng)造意義的東西，然后相信自己能夠處理隨之而來的壓力)”可知，“StressIsNotYourEnemy(壓力不是你的敵人)”適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’salwaysexcitingtobeginanewjob.Butamongthefrenzy(激動(dòng))ofmeetingnewcolleagues,startingnewprojects,andbuildingnewskills,therecanbeastressfulpressuretosucceed.Abigpartofyoursuccessisdeterminedbyhowquicklyyouareabletodigestlotsofinformation,whichcanbeveryhard.____16____.*ManageyourselfWhenyounoticeinformationoverload,don’tignoreitanddon’tpanic.Saytoyourself,“I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.”____17____.Rememberthatemotionscanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourselfandyourvalues.*Sortyourinformation____18____.Itkeepswhatitneedsmoreimmediatelyinourshort-termmemory,anditmixestogetherinformationwemayneedtouseinthefuturetostoreinourlong-termmemory.Fortheinformationthat’snotneeded,ourbrainactslikeagarbagemanagement,recycling,anddeletingit.*____19____Organizationsoftenhavedigitalknowledgemanagementsystemstostoreandtakeimportantinformation.Youcandothesametoreducebrainburden.IrecommendcreatingaWordorGoogledocumentinwhichyouwritedowninformationthatyourbraindoesn’tneedtorememberorstore.*Reducetask-switchingMulti-taskingisn’tgoodforyouphysicallyormentallyandisworseforyourproductivityandcognition(認(rèn)知).____20____.Youcangoforlongerthanthat,butbesuretotakeabreak.Focusedactivityislesstaxingthanmultitasking,butyoucan’tkeepworkingendlessly.A.RespondpositivelyB.UsetechnologytohelpC.ThatproblemismucheasiertounderstandandsolveD.HerearesomemethodstodealwiththeinformationoverloadE.Forgreaterresults,focusononetaskforaround25minutesF.Ourbrainislikeacleverpieceofequipmentthat“takesininformation”G.Thisself-talkhelpsnormalizethesituationandmakestheemotionseasiertohandle〖答案〗16.D17.G18.F19.B20.E〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，作者針對(duì)新工作帶來的過多信息，給出了四點(diǎn)建議。【16題詳析】上文“It’salwaysexcitingtobeginanewjob.Butamongthefrenzy(激動(dòng))ofmeetingnewcolleagues,startingnewprojects,andbuildingnewskills,therecanbeastressfulpressuretosucceed.Abigpartofyoursuccessisdeterminedbyhowquicklyyouareabletodigestlotsofinformation,whichcanbeveryhard.(開始新工作總是令人興奮的。但是，在與新同事見面、開始新項(xiàng)目和培養(yǎng)新技能的激動(dòng)中，可能存在成功的壓力。你成功的很大一部分取決于你消化大量信息的速度，這可能非常困難。)”介紹了新工作所帶來的壓力和挑戰(zhàn)——消化過多的信息；下文作者就如何處理大量信息提出四點(diǎn)建議；D選項(xiàng)“Herearesomemethodstodealwiththeinformationoverload(這里有一些處理信息過載的方法)”承上啟下，符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“theinformationoverload”指代上文的“l(fā)otsofinformation”，“somemethods”指下文所給出的具體的解決方法。故選D。【17題詳析】由小標(biāo)題“Manageyourself(管理好你自己)”可知本段的建議是管理好自己；上文“Whenyounoticeinformationoverload,don’tignoreitanddon’tpanic.Saytoyourself,‘I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.’(當(dāng)你注意到信息過載時(shí)，不要忽視它，也不要驚慌。對(duì)自己說：‘我有了一份新工作，這里有很多東西要學(xué)。有這種感覺是可以的?！?”介紹了面對(duì)大量信息時(shí)，如何調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)和情緒；G選項(xiàng)“Thisself-talkhelpsnormalizethesituationandmakestheemotionseasiertohandle(這種自我對(duì)話有助于使情況正常化，使情緒更容易處理)”承接上文，說明自我對(duì)話所起到的作用，選項(xiàng)中的“Thisself-talk”指代上文“Saytoyourself,‘I’minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It’sokaytofeelthisway.’”；下文“Rememberthatemotionscanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourselfandyourvalues.(記住，情緒可以幫助你更好地了解自己和自己的價(jià)值觀。)”闡述了管理好情緒的重要性；由此可知，G選項(xiàng)符合本段主旨和語境。故選G?！?8題詳析】由下文“Itkeepswhatitneedsmoreimmediatelyinourshort-termmemory,anditmixestogetherinformationwemayneedtouseinthefuturetostoreinourlong-termmemory.(它把我們需要的即時(shí)信息保存在我們的短期記憶中，并把我們將來可能需要的信息混合在一起，存儲(chǔ)在我們的長(zhǎng)期記憶中。)”可知句中“It”指代設(shè)空處所提到的某種存儲(chǔ)信息的東西，結(jié)合本段最后一句“Fortheinformationthat’snotneeded,ourbrainactslikeagarbagemanagement,recycling,anddeletingit.(對(duì)于不需要的信息，我們的大腦就像垃圾管理系統(tǒng)一樣，回收并刪除它們。)”可知設(shè)空處提到是大腦，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Ourbrainislikeacleverpieceofequipmentthat‘takesininformation’(我們的大腦就像一臺(tái)‘接收信息’的聰明設(shè)備)”符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“takesin”與下文中的“keeps”和“store”表達(dá)的意義一致。故選F。【19題詳析】文章結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，設(shè)空處為此段的小標(biāo)題；由下文“Organizationsoftenhavedigitalknowledgemanagementsystemstostoreandtakeimportantinformation.Youcandothesametoreducebrainburden.IrecommendcreatingaWordorGoogledocumentinwhichyouwritedowninformationthatyourbraindoesn’tneedtorememberorstore.(組織通常擁有數(shù)字知識(shí)管理系統(tǒng)來存儲(chǔ)和獲取重要信息。你也可以這樣做來減輕大腦負(fù)擔(dān)。我建議創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Word或Google文檔，在其中寫下大腦不需要記住或存儲(chǔ)的信息。)”可知作者在本段建議運(yùn)用Word或Google文檔來幫大腦減負(fù)；B選項(xiàng)“Usetechnologytohelp(利用技術(shù)來幫助)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為小標(biāo)題。故選B?！?0題詳析】上文“Multi-taskingisn’tgoodforyouphysicallyormentallyandisworseforyourproductivityandcognition(認(rèn)知).(同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)對(duì)你的身體和精神都沒有好處，對(duì)你的工作效率和認(rèn)知能力也更差。)”闡述了同時(shí)處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)的弊端；E選項(xiàng)“Forgreaterresults,focusononetaskforaround25minutes(為了獲得更好的效果，專注于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)25分鐘左右)”針對(duì)上文所闡述的同時(shí)處理多任務(wù)的弊端提出了解決方法：專注于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)；下文“Youcangoforlongerthanthat,butbesuretotakeabreak.Focusedactivityislesstaxingthanmultitasking,butyoucan’tkeepworkingendlessly.(你可以堅(jiān)持更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但一定要休息一下。專注的活動(dòng)比一心多用要輕松，但你不能無休止地工作。)”承接選項(xiàng)E，就專注于一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的時(shí)間進(jìn)一步闡述，指出專注于一項(xiàng)工作時(shí)，時(shí)間不能太長(zhǎng)，要注意休息；由此可知，E選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Nearly20yearsafter____21____themselvestotheirstudiestogether,amotherCarolynandhersonImmanuelPattonboth____22____toobtaintheiruniversitydegreesfromtheUniversityofMarylandGlobalCampus(UMGC).Carolyn,asinglemother,sharedthatalthoughshe’dalwaysbeen____23____toearnherbachelor’sdegree,thedemandsofdailylifehad____24____herdoingso.Itwashersonwhohelpedher____25____herdream.Andtheroadtograduationwasn’talways____26____becauseofherdailywork.ItwassometimesdifficultforCarolynto____27____herstudiesafterworkinganeight-hourshift.Sometimes,shejustseemedtootired,andshetoldhersonshewantedto____28____.However,heencouragedhernottoabandon.WhenPattononceencountered____29____inhisstudies,Carolynalsogavehim_____30_____.Themotherandsonsupportedoneanotherand_____31_____finishedtheirdegrees.“Patton’smotherisa(n)_____32_____tous.Weshouldlearnfromher,”ongraduationday,GregoryFowler,thepresidentofUMGCsaid.Thereweremany_____33_____tearsflowingwhenCarolynandhersonreceivedtheirdiplomas(畢業(yè)文憑).Carolyn’smotherwasamongtheaudiencemembers_____34_____.Carolynintendstouseherbachelor’sdegreetogetariseatwork.Shesaid,“Iwantabetterlife.Don’tletanythinggetyouoff_____35_____youreallywantinlife.”21.A.devoting B.permitting C.requesting D.admitting22.A.promised B.intended C.managed D.attempted23.A.motivated B.urged C.convinced D.reminded24.A.opposed B.noticed C.pictured D.prevented25.A.roll B.access C.realize D.apply26.A.broad B.smooth C.beneficial D.aware27.A.focuson B.agreeon C.relyon D.decideon28.A.retire B.resign C.decline D.quit29.A.threats B.conflicts C.difficulties D.mysteries30.A.fear B.support C.belief D.doubt31.A.besides B.eventually C.therefore D.however32.A.surprise B.beauty C.ideal D.inspiration33.A.joyful B.silent C.fresh D.bitter34.A.behaving B.moving C.cheering D.shinning35.A.angle B.track C.pace D.rule〖答案〗21.A22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了Carolyn和兒子ImmanuelPatton一起從馬里蘭大學(xué)全球校區(qū)獲得了大學(xué)學(xué)位的故事，雖然Carolyn因?yàn)槿粘９ぷ?，學(xué)業(yè)上遇到很大的阻礙，但是她和兒子相互鼓勵(lì)，最終一同完成了學(xué)業(yè)，按照自己想要的生活軌道前進(jìn)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一同投入學(xué)習(xí)近20年后，母親Carolyn和她的兒子ImmanuelPatton在馬里蘭大學(xué)全球校區(qū)成功獲得了大學(xué)學(xué)位。A.devoting傾注；B.permitting允許；C.requesting請(qǐng)求；D.admitting承認(rèn)。根據(jù)空后“themselvestotheirstudiestogether”可推知，母親Carolyn和她的兒子ImmanuelPatton是全身心投入學(xué)習(xí)中。故選A。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一同投入學(xué)習(xí)近20年后，母親Carolyn和她的兒子ImmanuelPatton在馬里蘭大學(xué)全球校區(qū)成功獲得了大學(xué)學(xué)位。A.promised承諾；B.intended打算；C.managed設(shè)法做；D.attempted嘗試。根據(jù)下文“finishedtheirdegrees”可知，母親Carolyn和她的兒子ImmanuelPatton是成功取得了學(xué)位。managetodosth.是固定短語，表示“設(shè)法（成功）做……”。故選C。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Carolyn是一位單身母親，她分享說，盡管她一直有動(dòng)力想獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位，但日常生活的需求阻礙了她這樣做。A.motivated成為……的動(dòng)力；B.urged強(qiáng)烈要求；C.convinced使確信；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)下文“Iwantabetterlife.Don’tletanythinggetyouoff________youreallywantinlife.”可推知，Carolyn自己很想完成學(xué)業(yè)，獲得文憑，所以是自己有動(dòng)力獲得學(xué)位。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Carolyn是一位單身母親，她分享說，盡管她一直有動(dòng)力想獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位，但日常生活的需求阻礙了她這樣做。A.opposed反對(duì)；B.noticed注意到；C.pictured想象；D.prevented阻礙。根據(jù)下文“ItwassometimesdifficultforCarolynto_______herstudiesa